Ch. 31 Eoc Review

Ch.
31 EOC Review
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Which system coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environment?
a. lymphatic system
b. nervous system
c. excretory system
d. reproductive system
____ 2. Which system enables you to understand the words you read in a book?
a. integumentary system
b. nervous system
c. endocrine system
d. lymphatic system
____ 3. The peripheral nervous system collects information about changes in internal body temperature using
a. the brain.
b. nerves and supporting cells.
c. the spinal cord.
d. eyesight.
____ 4. Read the following statements that describe how information flows in the nervous system. What is the correct
order in which they occur?
1) Response is carried to glands or muscles.
2) Information is processed and a response is formed.
3) Information is gathered.
a. 1,2,3
b. 2,3,1
c. 3,2,1
d. 3,1,2
____ 5. What is the function of the central nervous system?
a. to gather information
b. to carry a response to glands and muscles
c. to receive stimuli from the environment
d. to process information and form a response
____ 6. Which division(s) of the peripheral nervous system transmit(s) impulses from sense organs to the central
nervous system?
a. sensory division
b. motor division
c. sensory and motor divisions
d. spinal cord division
____ 7. Which division of the nervous system speeds up your heart rate?
a. somatic
b. autonomic
c. sensory
d. brain and spinal cord
____ 8. Cells of the nervous system that transmit electrical signals to various organs in the body are called
a. osteocytes.
b. neurons.
c. muscle cells.
d. red blood cells.
____ 9. Neurons are classified by the
a. direction in which they carry impulses.
b. amount of metabolic activity that takes place.
c. number of dendrites that branch out.
d. number of impulses that they carry.
____ 10. Your alarm clock wakes you up and reminds you to get ready for school. Which type of neuron receives the
sound of the alarm?
a. interneurons
b. myelin neurons
c. sensory neurons
d. motor neurons
Figure 31–1
____ 11. Refer to Figure 31–1. Which structure carries impulses to the cell body?
a. I
b. II
c. III
d. V
____ 12. Refer to Figure 31-1. Which structure carries impulses away from the cell body?
a. I
b. II
c. III
d. V
____ 13. What begins when a neuron is stimulated by another neuron or by a stimulus in the environment?
a. a threshold
b. a resting potential
c. an impulse
d. a dendrite
____ 14. What is the function of neurotransmitters?
a. to transmit nerve impulses through dendrites
b. to stimulate the production of epinephrine
c. to transmit nerve impulses across synapses
d. none of the above
____ 15. When an impulse reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of
a. neurotransmitters.
b. sodium ions.
c. dendrites.
d. receptors.
____ 16. Read the following statements that describe what happens as an impulse travels. What is the correct order in
which the steps occur?
1) The neuron receives a stimulus great enough to start an impulse.
2) Na+ gates close and K+ ions flow back out of the cell restoring the resting potential.
3) Gated K+ and Na+ channels are closed. The inside of the cell is slightly negative compared to the
outside.
4) The impulse continues to travel down the axon away from the cell body.
5) Gated Na+ channels open. The net movement of Na+ ions into the cell produces the action potential.
a. 4,5,3,1,2
b. 1,5,3,4,2
c. 3,1,5,4,2
d. 3,4,5,1,2
____ 17. The 31 major nerves that branch out from the spinal cord connecting it to the rest of the body are the
a. cranial nerves
b. vertebrate nerves
c. spinal nerves
d. central nerves
____ 18. It’s 2:00 in the afternoon and you haven’t eaten anything since breakfast. Which part of your brain is telling
you that you’re hungry?
a. brain stem
b. medulla oblongata
c. hypothalamus
d. thalamus
____ 19. For a person who writes with his or her left hand, the muscles involved in writing are controlled by
a. the left hemisphere of the cerebrum.
b. the right hemisphere of the cerebrum.
c. both the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum.
d. neither hemisphere of the cerebrum.
____ 20. When drugs produce a sensation of feeling and well being, what part of the brain is being stimulated?
a. limbic system
b. cerebellum
c. cerebrum
d. thalamus
____ 21. Place these events in the order in which they would occur in a person who uses an addictive drug.
I. To maintain homeostasis, the brain reacts to a flood of dopamine by lowering the number of dopamine
receptors.
II. The molecules of dopamine bind to receptors, causing feelings of pleasure.
III. It becomes more difficult for the person to feel normal without the drug.
IV. A flood of the neurotransmitter dopamine is released into the brain’s synapse.
a. I, III, II, IV
b. II, IV, III, I
c. II, I, III, IV
d. IV, II, I, III
____ 22. How does nicotine affect dopamine synapses?
a. It decreases the release of dopamine.
b. It increases the release of dopamine.
c. It causes damage to the dopamine receptors.
d. It stops the production of dopamine.
____ 23. When exposed to addictive drugs, how does the brain react to excessive dopamine levels?
a. It reduces the number of receptors for the neurotransmitter.
b. It increases the number of receptors for the neurotransmitter.
c. It increases the production of dopamine.
d. It shuttles the dopamine to other areas of the brain.
____ 24. Which of the following choices best describes dopamine?
a. A substance that is naturally found in the brain.
b. An illegal drug that can cause great damage.
c. A receptor molecule that is found on neurons.
d. A protein that stimulates neurons to grow.
____ 25. Which of the following sensory receptors would lead you to squint in bright light?
a. thermoreceptors
b. mechanoreceptors
c. photoreceptors
d. chemoreceptors
____ 26. Sensory receptors that are sensitive to chemical information from the environment are found in the
a. skin and hypothalamus.
b. skin, hair follicles, and ears.
c. eyes.
d. nose and taste buds.
____ 27. The primary function of the sensory division of the peripheral nervous system is to transmit impulses
a. from sense organs to the central nervous system.
b. from the spinal cord to the brain.
c. from the brain to the muscles.
d. from one sense organ to another.
____ 28. Which receptors respond to a scraped knee?
a. thermoreceptors
b. pain receptors
c. chemoreceptors
d. photoreceptors
____ 29. Which type of sensory receptor is responsible for smell and taste?
a. photoreceptor
b. thermoreceptor
c. mechanoreceptor
d. chemoreceptor
____ 30. When you swat a fly, which type of neuron stimulates your arm to move?
a. sensory neuron
b. interneuron
c. motor neuron
d. autonomic neuron
____ 31. When you move your fingers to type a text message, you are using motor neurons of the
a. somatic nervous system.
b. sensory nervous system.
c. autonomic nervous system.
d. central nervous system.
____ 32. Which sense relies on the largest sense organ in the body?
a. touch
b. hearing
c. smell
d. taste
____ 33. Which organ does not have pain receptors?
a. brain
b. heart
c. stomach
d. bladder
____ 34. If you did not like the flavor of a certain oral liquid medicine, you could hide much of its taste by
a. closing your eyes.
b. covering your ears.
c. holding your nose.
d. folding your hands together.
____ 35. Sensory cells in taste buds respond to which types of flavors?
a. salty, bitter, sweet, sour, umami
b. salty, spicy, juicy, sweet, tangy
c. sour, tangy, spicy, bitter, sweet
d. fatty, sweet, meaty, tangy, salty
____ 36. The senses of smell and taste are similar because
a. both involve the taste buds.
b. both detect vibrations in the air.
c. both are sensed by receptors called cones.
d. both rely on chemoreceptors.
____ 37. Infections of the ear may cause inflammation. Inflammation that affects which structure would cause
dizziness?
a. semicircular canals
b. oval window
c. eardrum
d. cochlea
Figure 31–2
____ 38. In Figure 31–2, which structure sends impulses to your brain enabling you to stand on one foot?
a. structure A
b. structure B
c. structure C
d. structure D
____ 39. Which structure in Figure 31–2 is commonly injured by people inserting cotton swabs or other objects into
their ears?
a. structure A
b. structure B
c. structure C
d. structure D
____ 40. Which labeled structure in Figure 31–2 produces pressure waves in the cochlea?
a. structure A
b. structure B
c. structure C
d. structure D
____ 41. Which structure in the ear contains tiny hairs that send nerve impulses to the brain, which processes them as
sound?
a. semicircular canals
b. oval window
c. eardrum
d. cochlea
____ 42. Which of the five senses involves two types of photoreceptors called rods and cones?
a. vision
b. hearing
c. smell
d. taste
Figure 31–3
____ 43. In Figure 31–3, through which labeled structure does light first enter the eye?
a. 1
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
____ 44. In Figure 31–3, which labeled structure carries impulses to the brain?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
____ 45. If the muscles in a person’s irises are damaged, how is his or her eye sight directly affected?
a. The person is not able to transfer impulses to the brain.
b. The person’s eye color changes.
c. The person is not able to distinguish colors from each other.
d. The person is not able to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye.
Ch. 31 EOC Review
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 896

OBJ: 31.1.1 Identify the functions of the nervous system.
STA: SC.912.L.14.11 | SC.912.L.14.21 | SC.912.L.14.49 TOP: Foundation Edition
MSC: comprehension
MSC: application
MSC: application
4. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 896
MSC: synthesis
5. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 901
OBJ: 31.1.1 Identify the functions of the nervous system. | 31.2.1 Discuss the functions of the brain and
spinal cord.
STA: SC.912.L.14.11 | SC.912.L.14.21 | SC.912.L.14.49 | SC.912.L.14.26 | SC.912.L.14.27 |
SC.912.L.14.28 TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: comprehension
6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 906
OBJ: 31.3.1 Describe the functions of the sensory division of the peripheral nervous system.
STA: SC.912.L.14.21 | SC.912.L.14.50 TOP: Foundation Edition
MSC: knowledge
OBJ: 31.1.1 Identify the functions of the nervous system. | 31.3.2 Describe the functions of the motor
division of the peripheral nervous system.
STA: SC.912.L.14.11 | SC.912.L.14.21 | SC.912.L.14.49 | SC.912.L.14.21 | SC.912.L.14.23
TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: application
OBJ: 31.1.2 Describe the function of neurons. STA: SC.912.L.14.11 | SC.912.L.14.22
TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: knowledge
TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: comprehension
12. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 897 | p. 898
OBJ: 31.1.3 Describe how a nerve impulse is transmitted. STA: SC.912.L.14.22 | SC.912.L.14.24
16. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L3 REF: p. 898 | p. 899
MSC: synthesis
OBJ: 31.2.1 Discuss the functions of the brain and spinal cord.
MSC: knowledge
MSC: application
MSC: application
20. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 902 | p. 904
OBJ: 31.2.2 Describe the effects of drugs on the brain. STA: SC.912.L.14.21 | SC.912.L.14.50
TOP: Foundation Edition MSC: synthesis
MSC: application
MSC: comprehension
MSC: knowledge
OBJ: 31.3.1 Describe the functions of the sensory division of the peripheral nervous system. | 31.4.1 Discuss
the sense of touch and identify the various types of sensory receptors in the skin.
MSC: application
OBJ: 31.3.1 Describe the functions of the sensory division of the peripheral nervous system. | 31.4.2 Explain
the relationship between smell and taste.
STA: SC.912.L.14.21 | SC.912.L.14.50 | SC.912.L.14.50 MSC: knowledge
OBJ: 31.3.2 Describe the functions of the motor division of the peripheral nervous system.
MSC: application
OBJ: 31.3.2 Describe the functions of the motor division of the peripheral nervous system.
MSC: application
OBJ: 31.4.1 Discuss the sense of touch and identify the various types of sensory receptors in the skin.
STA: SC.912.L.14.50 MSC: comprehension
OBJ: 31.4.1 Discuss the sense of touch and identify the various types of sensory receptors in the skin.
STA: SC.912.L.14.50 TOP: Foundation Edition
MSC: knowledge
OBJ: 31.4.2 Explain the relationship between smell and taste. STA: SC.912.L.14.50
OBJ: 31.4.3 Identify the parts of the ears that make hearing and balance possible.
MSC: application
MSC: application
MSC: application
MSC: comprehension
MSC: knowledge
OBJ: 31.4.4 Describe the major parts of the eye and explain how the eye enables us to see.
MSC: knowledge
MSC: comprehension
MSC: comprehension
MSC: analysis

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1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 REF: p. 896

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