PAKISTAN STUDIES

Political and Constitutional

Development of Pakistan
1959-2020
Course Facilitator:
Inayatullah Magsi
Lecturer, Allied Subjects Department
Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi-Pakistan
 Iskandar Mirza & Ayub Khan
 Iskandar Mirza’s rule was becoming
increasingly unpopular after dissolution
of so many Prime Ministers and
Ministers.
 On 7 October 1958, Iskandar Mirza
proclaimed martial law with himself as
President and Ayoub Khan as a Martial
Law Administrator.
 On 27 October 1958, Ayoub Khan
forced Mirza to resign.
 CONSTITUTION OF 1962
The constitution of 1962 was enforced on
1 March 1962 but implemented on 8
June 1962.
 Written Constitution
 Democratic Islamic Republic
 Federal State
 Rigid Constitution
 Fundamental Rights
 Referendum
 Cont.…

 Indirect Election
 Presidential Form of Government
 Unicameral Legislature
 Basic Democracies (Electoral College)
 Independence of Judiciary
 Rights of Minorities
 Islamic way of Life
 National Language (Urdu and Bangle)
 Political Development: 1969-73

 Once again Martial Law was enforced by

General Yahya Khan on 25 March 1969.
 General Elections were held in 1970.
 War of Indo-Pakistan: 1971.
 Separation of Bengal as Bangladesh on
16 December 1971.
 On 20 December 1971, Zulfiqar Ali
Bhutto was appointed as 1st Civilian
Chief Martial Law Administrator.
 CONSTITUTION OF 1973

The Constitution of 1973 was

implemented on 14 August 1973.
 Written Constitution
 Islamic System
 Rigid Constitution
 Federal System
 Parliamentary form of Government
 Cont.…
 Bicameral Legislature (The Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament) consists of two Houses named Senate and
National Assembly. The Senate / the Upper House
consists of 104 members and the National Assembly /
Lower House consists of 342 members).
 Direct Method of Election
 Fundamental Rights
 Independence of Judiciary
 National Language (Urdu)
 Referendum
 Political Development: 1977-88
 Fourth Martial Law was enforced by
General Zia-ul-Haq on 5 July 1977.
 After the Presidential referendum of
December 1984, elections were held in
1985 on a non-party basis. President Zia-
ul-Haq nominated Muhammad Khan
Junejo as the Prime Minister of Pakistan
on 20 March 1985.
 Jonejo’s government was dissolved on 29
May 1988. General Zia-ul-Haq was died in
a plane crash on 17 August 1988.
 Political Changes: 1988-99

 Benazir Bhutto From 1988 to 1990.

 Nawaz Sharif From 1990 to 1993.
 Benazir Bhutto From 1993 to 1996.
 Nawaz Sharif From 1997 to 1999.
 No Prime Minister From 1999 to 2002.
 Mir Zafarullah Jamali From 2002 to
2004.
 Ch: Shujaat Hussain From 2004 to
2004.
 Cont.…

 Shaukat Aziz From 2004 to 2007.

 Yousaf Raza Gillani From 2008 to 2012.
 Raja Pervaiz Ashraf From 2012 to
2013.
 Nawaz Sharif From 2013 to 2017.
 Shahid Khaqan Abbasi From 2017 to
2018.
 Imran Khan From 2018 to date.
 Political Changes: 1988-99
 Benazir Bhutto From 2 December 1988 to. 6 August 1990.
 Nawaz Sharif From 6 November 1990 to 18 July 1993.
 Benazir Bhutto From 19 October 1993 to 5 November 1996.
 Nawaz Sharif From 17 February 1997 to 12 October 1999.
 No Prime Minister From 12 October 1999 to 23 November
2002.
 Mir Zafarullah Jamali From 23 November 2002 to 26 June 2004.
 Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain From 30 June 2004 to 26 August
2004. Shaukat Aziz From 28 August 2004 to 15 November
2007.
 Yousaf Raza Gillani From 25 March 2008 to 19 June 2012.
 Raja Pervaiz Ashraf From 22 June 2012 to 24 March 2013.
 Nawaz Sharif From 5 June 2013 to 28 July 2017.
 Shahid Khaqan Abbasi From 1 August 2017 to 31 May 2018.
 Imran Khan From 18 August 2018 to date.
THANK YOU