A.

Excerpt from Apolinario Mabini’s The Philippine Revolution:

Chapter 9 to 10 [ Memoirs]
Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who served as the first
Prime Minister of the Philippines after the establishment of the First Philippine Republic, first as
a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government and then as the first Prime
Minister of the Philippines. He is known as the “Utak ng Himagsikan,” or “Revolutionary Brain.”
Despite losing both legs to polio just before the Philippine Revolution of 1896, Mabini carried
out all of his revolutionary and administrative tasks. He may not have been able to fight on the
battlefield, but he used his wisdom and pen and paper to motivate the people to fight for
independence. Mabini was born into a peasant family and attended San Juan deLetran College
in Manila before graduating from the University of Santo Tomás with a law degree in 1894. He
joined the armies of patriot general Emilio Aguinaldo in an insurgency planned by nationalists in
August 1896 and quickly became his right-hand man. When the Spanish–American War began
in 1898, Mabini advocated for cooperation with the US as a means of gaining independence
from Spain. At a convention held at the market town of Malolos in September and October
1898, an independent republic was proclaimed with Aguinaldo as its president; Mabini drew up
its constitution, which resembled that of the United States. When the US proclaimed its
intention to occupy the Philippines, Mabini joined Aguinaldo in a renewed fight for
independence. He was captured by US troops in December 1899 and exiled to Guam after
refusing to swear allegiance to the US. He was only allowed to return home a few months
before his death. La revolución filipina was written by Mabini and published in 1931. The
excerpt from Apolinario Mabini’s The Philippine Revolution tells us about how they fight for our
freedom even if they sacrifice their own life sacrificing our own life is much more harder but
our heroes didn’t think twice for them to give us the freedom that the Pilipino deserve. In the
time of revolution we might not able to be their and see how amazing to fight for our freedom
and give some effort for us to be free from our enemy it’s nice to fell that there are so many
people who give their own life and ready to be died for the right of the Pilipino, isn’t amazing
fighting for our freedom? Giving our own life for that? Reading’s the Philippine Revolution
Chapter 9-10 it gives me the idea how are our own heroes fight for our freedom and how they
make it. There are so many people who are involved and fight for our freedom during the
revolution era and they only have one goal and that goal is to be free, during this time it's hard
to fight for our freedom and the fact that we don’t really have a strong army that can protect
our country with a full force. Spain is one of the country who colonized us and they colonized us
for 300 years that must be a long stay in our country and Spain is the country who colonized
Philippine for so long.

After more than 300 years of Spanish colonial authority, the Philippine Revolution (1896–98)
revealed the weaknesses of Spanish administration but failed to remove Spaniards from the
islands. In 1898, the Spanish-American War ended Spain’s dominion in the Philippines, but it
sparked the Philippine-American War, a violent conflict between Filipino revolutionaries and
the United States Army. Several quasi-religious uprisings had occurred over the lengthy span of
Spanish rule over the Philippines, but none had gathered enough support to force the
Europeans out. However, in the nineteenth century, an educated Filipino middle class arose,
along with a desire for Philippine independence. Prior to 1872, the Filipino clergy, who disliked
the Spanish monopoly of authority within the Roman Catholic Church in the islands, were the
main opponents. The unsuccessful Cavite Mutiny, a brief insurrection against the Spanish,
provided an excuse for intensified Spanish repression in that year.The martyrdom of three
Filipino priests in Cavite—José Burgos, Mariano Gómez, and Jacinto Zamora—sparked a wave of
anti-Spanish animosity. Reform-minded Filipinos sought sanctuary in Europe, where they
launched the Propaganda Movement, a literary campaign. Dr. José Rizal swiftly rose to
prominence as the most powerful propagandist. His novel Noli me tángere (1886; The Social
Cancer, 1912) highlighted Manila society’s corruption and fueled the independence movement.
By 1892, it was clear that Spain was hesitant to modernize its colonial administration. Andres
Bonifacio, a self-taught warehouse clerk, founded the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society
in Manila. By August 1896, when the Spaniards discovered it, membership had grown to an
estimated 100,000. Bonifacio immediately called for armed resistance. The Spanish then
arrested Rizal, a reformer who never supported the revolt. The public execution of Rizal on
December 30, 1896, inflamed and united Filipinos to the point where Spain’s continued rule
was manifestly untenable. Hong Kong and 400,000 pesos, as well as Spanish pledges of
significant governmental improvements. Neither party carried out the provisions of the
agreement in good faith. The money was spent on weaponry in Hong Kong, and the Spanish
failed to implement the promised changes.Following the United States, On May 1, 1898, Navy
Commodore George Dewey smashed the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay, and Aguinaldo returned
to the Philippines immediately. He restarted the revolt, this time against the United States,
which had taken control of the Philippines after the Spanish defeat. After being captured in
1901, Aguinaldo called to Filipinos to stop fighting and accept American dominion.

In my opinion and based on my observations of events, the Philippines may defeat the US
forces if General Luna is supported by President Aguinaldo and given authority over all soldiers
and revolutionaries.The President of the Philippines, Emilio Aguinaldo, is a weak leader during
those times, he is unable to manage our country because he was incapable of assembling
proper decisions on his own and always asked for help from Apolinario Mabini. On the other
hand, General Luna is the best leader. We might never been in the past like the time of
revolution and fight for our freedom but it feel so great that we have heroes that give thier life
for our country and this gives us the previlige to appreciate more about country and make a
good thing that can make our country proude of us.