EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE

Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines
Tel. Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

SCHOOL OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

NAME: Ricafort, Sean Christopher R. DATE: May 17, 2023

SECTION: MMLS 3-2 MYCOLOGY VIROLOGY

ASSIGNMENT #3
EMERGING FUNGI

INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. Research regarding new, emerging fungi that have not caused pandemics or epidemics. Focus on
new, novel fungi that have the potential to cause diseases.
2. Explain its mode of transmission, rate of transmissibility, origin, mode of acquisition, virulence, and
its probability of causing mortality and morbidity among communities. Is this fungi more prominent
in developed or developing countries?
3. Explain its structure. What are the important components of the structure of this fungi and how do
these parts contribute to the fungi’s virulence?
4. What are ways to prevent the spread of this fungi?
5. What are the serological and molecular ways to determine the presence of this fungi? Explain the
method and what is the target antigen for each assay?

Topic: Emergomyces: a New Genus of Dimorphic Fungal Pathogens Causing Disseminated Disease among
Immunocompromised Persons Globally

1. Emergomyces
Mode of Transmission Emergomycoses is known to be transmitted
through inhalation when molds are being
aerolized.
Rate of Transmissibility The Emergomycoses is a rare fungal pathogen
that spreads mostly in immunocompromised
patients with at least half in HIV-infected patients
and some are in Rheumatoid Arthritis and other
infection.
Origin Cases of emergomycosis have been reported from
four continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, and North
America, with the South Africa to be recognized as
the most common endemic mycosis The true
geographic range of Emergomyces spp. is
unknown
Mode of acquisition This fungi is being acquired when the mold is
disturbed, conidia are aerosolized, and may
become inhaled by mammals and, in some
cases, cause disease
Virulence The virulence of emergomycosis is not yet known
since it is not stated in the article. It is only known
that in lungs, , a temperature-dependent
transformation

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 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines
Tel. Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

SCHOOL OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

of the conidia to yeast-like cells occurs

Probability of causing mortality The Emergomycosis can be fatal which means it
can have a higher mortality rate because
immunocompromised patients are the target host
of this fungi.

2. The structure of emergomycosis is not yet known since the serological techniques are not
developed for this fungi. Meanwhile, the fungi has limited specificity because it resembles the
morphological structure of H. capsulatum and Sporothrix schenckii sensu stricto
3. There are no specific strategies that can prevent emergomycosis. However, patients with HIV are
required to continue the intake of ART to help in having higher CD4 values. Early education in
patients with HIV or anyone about the newly emerging fungi that can infect
immunocompromised person. It is recommended that clinicians caring for patients with
emergomycosis follow the Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the management
of other endemic mycoses in immunocompromised persons. Generally, this should include
amphotericin B for 7–14 days followed by a triazole antifungal agent for at least 12 months.
4. So far, there are still no commercially available serological technique that is developed for
emergomycosis. Nevertheless, some tests partially cross-react with a developed for other
dimorphic fungus Emergomyces. For instance, Es is the cause of three out of ten urine samples
from patients with culture-proven emergomycosis. Africanus had a second-generation IMMY test
result of positivity. H. Immunoassay using the capsulatum (galactomannan) antigen monoclonal
Histoplasma antibodies are utilized in (EIA).
REFERENCES:

Schwartz, I.S., Maphanga, T.G. & Govender, N.P. (2018). Emergomyces: a New Genus of Dimorphic Fungal
Pathogens Causing Disseminated Disease among Immunocompromised Persons Globally. Curr
Fungal Infect. Rep 12, 44–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-018-0308-y

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