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CHAPTER 1
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CHAPTER 2
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
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CHAPTER 3
3. MATERIAL AND METHODS
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CHAPTER 4
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Imidacloprid Removal
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Imidacloprid
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MLSS (mg/L)
657

657
657
657
657

Influent Imidacloprid (μg/L)

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COD Removal %

657
657
657
657
657


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Effluent COD (mg/L)
MLSS (mg/L)

SRT (day)
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4.2.2. Effect of SRT on Imidacloprid Removal
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Imidacloprid Removal %
&2'657
COD Removal %
&2'657
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MLSS (mg/L)
657
657
657

657
657

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SRT (day)
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4.4.2. Effect of SRT on Carbendazim Removal at Reactors Fed with

Pesticide Mixtures
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657

657

657
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100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Carbendazim Removal(%)
90
80
70 Carbendazim (Individual)
60 10μg/L
50 Carbendazim (Mixture)
40 10μg/L
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
SRT
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100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90
80
Carbendazim
70
(Individual) 25μg/L
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50 (Mixture) 25μg/L
40
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
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100
100
90
80
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61
58
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60
52
46
44
50
40
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35
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30
20
10
0
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100
90
80
70 Carbendazim
54
54
60
47
47
50 Carbendazim (Mixture)
37
100μg/L
35
35
35
34
40
31
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
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100
90
80
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59
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38
35
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34
34
33
33
40
24
30
22
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
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100
90
80
70
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48
50
41
41
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32
27
(Mixture) 300μg/L
24
23
23
30
21
20
10
4
0
3 8 10 20 30
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100
90
80
70
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50
41
34
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30
27
(Mixture) 400μg/L
30
22
22
22
20
16
20
10
4
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3 8 10 20 30
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4.4.3. Effect of SRT on Imidacloprid Removal at Reactors Fed with

Pesticide Mixtures
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Imidacloprid Removal %

657

657

657
657

657

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100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Imidacloprid Removal(%)
90
80
70
Imidacloprid
50
Imidacloprid
40 (Mixture) 10μg/L
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
SRT
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47
44
44
43
50
41
41
40
30
20
12
10
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36
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32
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28
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21
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100
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36
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32
29
27
25
23
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20
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100
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16
16
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100
90
Imidacloprid
70
60 Imidacloprid
(Mixture) 400μg/L
50
38
40
29
30
21
19
17
17
17
14
20
8
6
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
SRT

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Aclonifen Removal %

SRT 3

SRT 8

SRT 10
SRT 20

SRT 30

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100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90
Aclonifen Removal(%)
80
70 Aclonifen (Individual)
10μg/L
60
Aclonifen (Mixture)
50 10μg/L
40
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
SRT

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100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90
80
70
60
60
60
52
25μg/L
50
Aclonifen (Mixture)
40 25μg/L
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
SRT
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100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90
80
72
68
70
62
62
50 50μg/L
40 Aclonifen (Mixture)
50μg/L
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
SRT

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Aclonifen Removal %

Aclonifen (Individual)

100μg/L

Aclonifen (Mixture)
100μg/L

SRT

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SHVWLFLGHVUDWKHUWKDQWKHRQO\ZLWKDFORQLIHQ
100
100
100
100
88
90
80
71
70
69
Aclonifen (Individual)
70
60
200μg/L
56
60
200μg/L
40
27
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
SRT

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93
100
90
86
90 83
81
80
66
70 300μg/L
55
Aclonifen (Mixture)
54
60
51
300μg/L
50
40
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
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94
100
90
87
84
90
79
78
74
80
70
55
46
50 400μg/L
35
400μg/L
30
20
10
0
3 8 10 20 30
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CHAPTER 5
5. CONCLUSION
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REFERENCES
$KHO0*LJHU: 6FKDIIQHU&%HKDYLRURIDON\OSKHQROSRO\HWKR[\ODWH

VXUIDFWDQWV LQ WKH DTXDWLF HQYLURQPHQW², 2FFXUUHQFH DQG WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ LQ
VHZDJH WUHDWPHQW Water Research 28 ±
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DQWLELRWLFVIURPZDWHUDQGZDVWHZDWHU3URJUHVVDQGFKDOOHQJHVScience of the
Total EnvironmentKWWSVGRLRUJMVFLWRWHQY
$KPHG0%=KRX-/1JR++*XR:7KRPDLGLV16 ;X-
3URJUHVV LQ WKH ELRORJLFDO DQG FKHPLFDO WUHDWPHQW WHFKQRORJLHV IRU HPHUJLQJ
FRQWDPLQDQWUHPRYDOIURPZDVWHZDWHU$FULWLFDOUHYLHZJournal of Hazardous
Materials323±KWWSVGRLRUJMMKD]PDW
$PHU60'RQ\D60 $O\)$(*HQRWR[LFLW\RIEHQRP\ODQGLWV
UHVLGXHVLQVRPDWLFDQGJHUPFHOOVRIPLFHIHGRQWUHDWHGVWRUHGZKHDWJUDLQV
Archives of ToxicologyKWWSVGRLRUJV
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(VWURJHQV LQ D 0XQLFLSDO 6HZDJH 7UHDWPHQW 3ODQW Environmental Science &
Technology37±KWWSVGRLRUJHVD
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APPENDICES
A. Calibration Curves

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B. Reactor Data
SRT 3
Influent Carbendazim Effluent Carbendazim COD MLSS
pH
Concentration (μg/L) Concentration (μg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

SRT 3
Influent Carbendazim
Carbendazim Removal (%) COD Removal (%)
Concentration (μg/L)

SRT 8
pH

SRT 8

SRT 10
pH

SRT 10

SRT 20
pH

SRT 20

SRT 30
pH

SRT 30

SRT 3
Influent Imidacloprid Effluent Imidacloprid COD MLSS
pH

SRT 3
Influent Imidacloprid
Imidacloprid Removal (%) COD Removal (%)

SRT 8
pH

SRT 8

SRT 10
pH

SRT 10

SRT 20
pH

SRT 20

SRT 30
pH

SRT 30

SRT 3
Influent Aclonifen Effluent Aclonifen COD MLSS
pH

SRT 3
Influent Aclonifen
Aclonifen Removal (%) COD Removal (%)

SRT 8
pH

SRT 8
Influent Aclonifen

SRT 10
pH

SRT 10
Influent Aclonifen

SRT 20
pH

SRT 20
Influent Aclonifen

SRT 30
pH

SRT 30
Influent Aclonifen

SRT 3
Influent Effluent
COD MLSS
Concentration (μg/L) Concentration (μg/L) pH
(mg/L) (mg/L)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***

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SRT 3
Influent Concentration
Removal (%)
(μg/L) COD Removal (%)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***


SRT 8
Influent Effluent
COD MLSS
(mg/L) (mg/L)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***

SRT 8
Removal (%)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***


SRT 10
Influent Effluent
COD MLSS
(mg/L) (mg/L)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***

SRT 10
Removal (%)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***


SRT 20
Influent Effluent
COD MLSS
(mg/L) (mg/L)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***

SRT 20
Removal (%)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***


SRT 30
Influent Effluent
COD MLSS
(mg/L) (mg/L)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***

SRT 30
Removal (%)
C* I** A*** C* I** A***


C. Inhibition Calculation Example
P௠௔௫ ‫ܵ כ‬
Pൌ
D ‫݇ כ‬௦ ൅ ܵ
where P: specific growth rate (1/time)
P௠௔௫
: maximum specific growth rate (1/time)
S: substrate concentration (mass/volume)
݇௦ : half-saturation constant (mass/volume)
D: inhibition coefficient
‫݁ݐܽݐܵݕ݀ܽ݁ݐܵݐܽ݁ݎݑݐ݈ݑܿݐܽݐݏ݋݄݉݁ܿ݊ܫ‬P ൌ ‫ܦ‬
‫ܦ݁ݎ݄݁ݓ‬ǣ ‫݁ݐܽݎ݊݋݅ݐݑ݈݅ܦ‬
P௠௔௫ ‫ܵ כ‬ҧ
‫ܦ‬ൌ
D ‫݇ כ‬௦ ൅ ܵҧ
D ‫݇ כ‬௦ ‫ܦ כ‬
ܵҧ ൌ
P௠௔௫ െ ‫ܦ‬
݇௦ ‫ܦ כ‬
݂݅E ൌ
P௠௔௫ െ‫ܦ‬
ܵҧ ൌ D ‫ כ‬E
155
‫כܫ‬E
ܵҧ ൌ E ൅
‫ܭ‬ூ
350
300
COD effluent (mg/L)
250
200
y = 0.6781x + 12.152
150
R² = 0.9915
100
50
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Carbendazim (μg/L)
Figure 58 Carbendazim vs COD Effluent at the Reactor SRT 3 days
E
݈ܵ‫ ݁݌݋‬ൌ
‫ܭ‬ூ
‫ ݐ݌݁ܿݎ݁ݐ݊ܫ‬ൌ E
E ൌ ͳʹ
‫ܭ‬ூ ൌ ͳͺ
156

KI

&DUEHQGD]LP.,

SRT (or 1/μ)


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FATE AND REMOVAL OF PESTICIDES IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

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2.1.1. General Information

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Kinetic models for inhibition

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3. MATERIAL AND METHODS

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Reactor Name Pesticide Spiked SRT (day)

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