BEST BRAIN EXAMINATIONS KONSORTIUM

SPECIAL MOCK EXAMINATIONS FOR BECE CANDIDATES – SEPTEMBER 2022

MARKING SCHEME - INTEGRATED SCIENCE

PAPER TWO PART 1 [40 marks]

QUESTION ONE
(a) (i) OBSERVATION
1. In beaker A, the water moved into the potato cells, causing the mass of the potato to
increase.
2. In beaker B, water moved out of the potato into the concentrated salt solution, decreasing
its mass.
[2 marks @ 1 mark each]
(ii) EXPLANATION FOR OBSERVATION
Due to the higher concentration of water in the distilled water compared to the potato in
beaker B, water moved into the potato cells, causing the mass of the potato to increase. In
contrast, water moved out of the potato into the concentrated salt solution due to the lower
concentration of water outside the potato in beaker A, causing the mass to decrease.
[2 marks]
(iii) SET UP WITH THE HIGHEST WATER CONCENTRATION
Set up B/ The distilled water has the highest water concentration.
[2 marks]
(iv) MEASURING INSTRUMENTS USED IN EXPERIMENT
Weighing scale – to record the mass of the potato slices
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Beaker – to measure the volume of the two solutions

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Stopwatch – to measure the time elapsed after setting up the experiment.

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[4 marks @ 2 marks each]

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SUB - TOTAL = 10 MARKS

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(b) (i) DESCRIPTION OF STEPS AND REASONS

Step 1 – Add water to the mixture of sand, iron filings and sugar
b.

½ mark
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REASON: To dissolve the sugar in the water

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½ mark
Step 2 – Stir till the sugar dissolves in the water.
½ mark
REASON: – to allow the sugar dissolve in the water faster/ for faster dissolution
½ mark
Step 3 – Filter out the sugar solution from the mixture of sand and iron filings.
½ mark
REASON: Separate the solid mixtures from the sugar solution
½ mark
Step 4 – Evaporate the water from the sugar solution leaving sugar crystals.
½ mark
REASON: Recover the sugar from the sugar solution.
½ mark
Step 5 – Use a magnet to separate iron filings from the sand
½ mark
REASON: Separate the iron filings and the sand.
½ mark

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 [5 marks @ 1 mark each]
(ii) NAME OF SEPARATION METHOD
Step 3 – Filtration
[2 marks]
Step 4 – Evaporation
[2 marks]
Step 5 – Magnetic separation
[1 mark]
(iii) PROPERTY OF SAND, IRON FILINGS AND SUGAR THAT MAKES THE
SEPARATION PROCESS POSSIBLE
Sand – insoluble in water
Iron filings – magnetic and insoluble in water.
Sugar – soluble in water.
[Award 2 marks for any 2 correct]
(c) (i) IDENTIFICATION OF PARASITES
Specimen A = Tick
[½ mark]
Specimen B = Flea
[½ mark]
Specimen C = Mite
[½ mark]
Specimen D = Louse
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[½ mark]
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(ii) GROUP OF PARASITES TO WHICH THE ABOVE BELONG

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Ectoparasites
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[2 marks]
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(iii) NAME GIVEN TO PARASITES OF THIS GROUP THAT TRANSMIT DISEASES

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Vectors
[2 marks]
b.

(iv) WAYS OF CONTROLLING THE PARASITES ON FARM ANIMALS

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- Hand picking and destruction by burning

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- Keeping animals in clean surroundings.

- Spraying insecticides and disinfectants regularly on the farm or housing unit.
- Avoiding over- crowding of animals in pens.
- Mending cracks and openings in buildings.
- Dipping
- Dusting.
½ each x 4 = 2 marks

(d) EXPLANATION OF PHENOMENON

(i) Reflection: It is the bouncing back of light when it hits a smooth surface
[1 mark]

(ii) NAME OF LINES

MO – Incident ray
[1 mark]
NO - Normal
[1 mark]
OP - Reflected ray
[1 mark]

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 (iii) NAME OF ANGLES
i = angle of incidence
[1 mark]
r = angle of reflection
[1 mark]
(iv) ANGLE OF REFLECTION
= 90º - 55º
= 35º [2 marks]

(v) LAWS OF REFLECTION

- The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
- The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal all lie in the same plane.
[2 marks @ 1 mark each]
SUB-TOTAL = 10 MARKS

QUESTION TWO
(a) DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONDUCTION AND RADIATION
Conduction Radiation
It needs a material medium to travel in It travels in a vacuum/ does not need material
medium
Does not depend on whether body is Black bodies radiate heat well
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black or white
Heat is passed from one molecule to Molecules are not involved/ Travels by
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another electromagnetic waves

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[4 marks @ 2 marks each]

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(b) (i) LOAMY SOIL SUPPORT THE GROWTH OF MOST CROPS BECAUSE:
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- They supply many nutrients for crop use

- They have a good ability to drain water and therefore are not easily waterlogged
b.

- They retain sufficient moisture for crop use

co

- It provides optimum temperature for plant growth.

m

[2 marks @ 1 mark each]

(ii) REASONS SOIL TEXTURE IS IMPORTANT IN CROP PRODUCTION:

- It helps the farmer to know the type of farming method to use.
- Has an effect on water and air relationship
- It influences the soil temperature
- It influences the water holding capacities of the soil
- Knowledge of soil texture is important in determining soil management practices to adopt.
- It helps the farmer to know the type of crop to plant.
[2 marks @ 1 mark each]

(c) REASONS WHY PROTEINS ARE IMPORTANT IN OUR DIET

- Replacement/ repair of worn-out tissues/ cells
- Replacement of dead tissues / cells
- Growth
- Make hormones
- Make enzymes
- Provides energy. [4 marks @ 1 mark each]

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(d) CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
(i) O2 + 2H2 2H2O
(ii) N2 + 3H2 2NH3
(iii) 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl [3 marks @ 1 mark each]

QUESTION THREE
(a) WAYS BURNING CAUSE DEPLETION OF SOIL RESOURCES
- Causes escape of volatile nutrients
- Destroys organic matter / vegetative cover
- Destroys (beneficial) microbes / soil animals/ soil organisms
- Exposes soil to agents of erosion
- Enhances leaching of soil nutrients.
[4 marks @ 1 mark each]
(b) (i) WHAT IS A SATELLITE?
Is an object that moves around a larger object in space
OR:
An artificial body placed in orbit round the earth / another planet
OR :
They are space objects that go round a planet.
[1 mark]
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(ii) USES OF ARTIFICIAL SATELLITE

- For exploring the planets / moons
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- For scientific research / experimental research

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- To study the universe

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- For communications/ internet/ broadcasting

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- For weather forecast

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- Map making
- Spying / tracking/ taking pictures
b.

- For navigation
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- Military purposes
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[2 marks @ ½ mark each]

(c) (i) FACTORS THAT POSE THREATS TO BALANCE IN THE ECOSYSTEM

Threats to ecosystem include farming activities, pollution, hunting, logging of trees, mining,
building cities, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
- Farming activities: Farmers use a lot of pesticides, and fertilizers containing nitrogen.
Runoff carries the nitrogen into streams, lakes and the ocean. Too much nitrogen
causes overgrowth of water plants, which use up the oxygen and block the sunlight.
Most water animals cannot thrive in such conditions. Pesticides, washed into water
bodies, also kill many aquatic organisms.
- Environmental Pollution: Gases in the exhausts from cars are high in nitrogen
compounds. So are gases released form factories and power plants. The gaseous
nitrogen compounds pollute the envitonment and contributes to acid rain. Acid rain
cause death of plants.
- Building cities: this requires the removal of the vegetation to make way for road
construction and housing projects. Once the vegetation is removed, many habitats are
destroyed.
- Logging of trees: felling of trees in the forest removes the shelter provided for forest
animals. Also, many habitats are destroyed in the process

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 - Mining: various mining activities remove the vegetation cover and make water bodies
unsafe for human use because of the waste chemicals released into them. In addition,
people who live in mining areas endanger their health, as they are prone to many
respiratory diseases.
[2 marks @ ½ mark each]

(ii) WAYS OF MAINTAINING BALANCE IN THE ECOSYSTEM

- Avoid overgrazing
- Pollution of environment must be avoided
- Avoid deforestation/ replanting of trees / Afforestation
- Indiscriminate hunting of animals should be avoided
- Farmers should be educated and closely monitored on the use of agro-chemicals
- Fishermen should use right fishing net for fishing
- Encroaching on wetlands / forests by people should be avoided
- Mining activities should be modernized to avoid destruction habitat for organisms.
- Avoid bush burning
[2 marks @ ½ mark each]

(d) THE STAGES INVOLVED IN THE INDUSTRIAL TREATMENT OF WATER

- Filtration – The water is passed through gravel beds.
- Addition of alum – this ensures that solid particles and other suspended
particles settle down.
- Addition of chlorine – chlorine kills micro – organisms present in water.
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- Exposure of water to air – this removes odour.

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- Storage and distribution

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[4 marks @ 1 mark each]

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QUESTION FOUR
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(a) (i) METALS THAT REACT WITH ACIDS TO PRODUCE HYDROGEN

Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Iron, Tin, Lead, Lithium etc.
b.

[2 marks @ ½ mark each]

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(ii) METALS THAT CANNOT REACT WITH ACIDS TO PRODUCE HYDROGEN

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- Copper
- Gold
- Silver
- Mercury
- Platinum
- etc.
[2 marks @ ½ mark each]
(b) (i) Work input
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 = 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
= 25 × 4 = 100𝐽
[1 mark]
(ii) Work Output
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑢𝑡 = 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 × 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
= 20 × 2 = 40𝐽
[1 mark]
iii) Efficiency
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 × 100%
40
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 100 × 100% = 40%

SEPTEMBER 2022 MOCK – INTEGRATED SCIENCE SCHEME Page 5

 𝑀.𝐴 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
OR 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = × 100% = 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡 × × 100%
𝑉.𝑅 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
20
25 20 2
4 × 100% = 25 × 4 × 100% = 40%
2
[1 mark]
(c) DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A FRUIT AND A SEED
A FRUIT A SEED
Has two scars Has one scar
Contains seed/ seeds Contains an embryo
Outer covering is pericarp Outer covering is seed coat
Develops from an ovary Develops from an ovule

[4 marks @ 2 marks each]

(d) WAYS OF MAINTAINING THE WHEELBARROW AS AN AGRICULTURAL TOOL
- Grease / oiling the movable part/ wheel shaft regularly
- Ensure adequate air pressure in the tyre always
- Avoid overloading
- Clean / wash after use.
[4 marks @ 2 marks each]
QUESTION FIVE
(a) CHARACTERISTICS OF IMAGES FORMED IN A PLANE MIRROR
Images formed by plane mirrors are;
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- Virtual
- Upright
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- Left-right reversed
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- of the same distance from the mirror as the object’s distance of the same size as the object.
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[3 marks @ 1 mark each]

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(b) ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF THE FOLLOWING;

b.
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(i) Sulphur (ii) Potassium

[6 marks @ 3 marks each]

(c) (i) SYMPTOMS OF MALARIA

- High body temperature
- Head pains
- Cold
- Joint pains
- Vomiting
- Anemia
- Etc. [1 ½ mark @ ½ mark each]

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 -

(ii) SYMPTOMS OF TYPHOID.

- Fever
- Abdominal pains
- Headache
- General body pains
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Intestinal bleeding
[1 ½ mark @ ½ mark each]

(d) REASONS WHY SOIL AIR IS IMPORTANT IN CROP PRODUCTION

- It enhances the absorption of mineral salts/ nutrients by plant roots
- It enhances the absorption of water by plant roots
- It makes oxygen available for seed germination
- Presence of aeration prevents the formation of toxic / acidic substances in the soil by micro
organisms.
- Plant roots use soil air for respiration / metabolism / growth
- Soil microorganisms use soil air for respiration
- Air is required for the decomposition of organic matter
- Aeration required to prevent development of plant diseases.
[3 marks @ 1 mark each]
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QUESTION SIX
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(a) (i) DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HARD AND SOFT WATER

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SOFT WATER HARD WATER

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Is water that lathers easily / readily with soap Is water that does not lather easily with soap
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Does not contain/ contains / negligible Ca2+ / Contains Ca2+ / Mg2+ / Ca / Mg ions / salt
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Mg2+ / Ca / Mg ions / salt

[2 marks @ 1 mark each]
b.
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(ii) WAYS OF SOFTENING HARD WATER

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- Boiling
- Distillation
- Addition of washing soda / Na2CO3 / sodium carbonate
- Use of ion exchange resin / deionization
[2 marks @ 1 mark each]
(iii) REASONS CLOTHES ARE WASHED WITH SOFT WATER
- Use less soap
- Clothes remains soft
- Will be able to completely rinse the soap out of the clothe
- Clothes keep their colour / brightness.
[2 marks @ ½ mark each]
(b) DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WEATHER AND SEASON
WEATHER SEASON
Varies with time / daily /few hours. Lasts for about 3 to 4 months.
Caused by geographic reasons / atmospheric condition. Is caused by the revolution of the earth.
Weather is a temporary/ short term phenomenon. Season is a long-term phenomenon.
Covers relatively small area. Covers large area.
Measurable Immeasurable / not measured
[3 marks @ 1 mark each]

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(c) METHODS OF CONTROLLING MOSQUITOES AT THE PUPAL STAGE.
- Draining stagnant water in pools, chocked gutters and drains
- Spraying oil on the surface of stagnant water where mosquitoes breed. The oil covers or
breaks the surface tension of the water, causing the pupae to sink and drown.
- Introducing predators into stagnant water/ introduce fishes into ponds.
[3 marks @ 1 ½ mark each]
(d) (i) DEFINITION OF TERM
Magnetic compass
Magnetic compass is a navigational instrument for determining direction relative to earth’s
magnetic poles.
[1 mark]
(ii) USES OF MAGNETIC COMPASS
- It allows people to navigate to and from set points using bearing
- It is used to estimate distances and time
- It is used to work out one’s location
- In agriculture, it is used for making straight lines when laying out form plants
- For map reading
- A compass is used by scout, girl guides, hikers to find their bearing
- A compass is used in aero planes and ships to determine their directions or locations
(navigation)
[2 marks @ ½ mark each]
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TOTAL FOR PART II = 60 MARKS

THUS TOTAL FOR PAPER 2 = (PART I + PART II) = 100 MARKS
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PAPER ONE [40 MARKS]

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1. B 11. D 21. A 31. D

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2. D 12. C 22. D 32. D

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3. D 13. C 23. B 33. C

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4. C 14. B 24. D 34. B

5. B 15. D 25. C 35. B
b.

6. D 16. B 26. B 36. C

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7. D 17. A 27. D 37. B

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8. D 18. C 28. C 38. C

9. C 19. C 29. C 39. A
10. D 20. D 30. C 40. C

GRAND TOTAL = PAPER 1 (40) + PAPER 2 (100) = 140 MARKS

OVERALL SCORE = TOTAL SCORE X 100%
140

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