An Exploration of The Postpartum Depression Behaviors Among Select First-Time Mother - FINAL RESEARCH PAPER IRREG 3

An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother:
A Qualitative Inquiry
Angelica Pagtaconan1, 2, 3, Jasmin R. Laudit1, 2, 3,

Cyrelle Ann R. Reyes1, 2, 3, Althea Dominique R. Sagun1, 2, 3,
Princess Joy M. Sagun1,2,3, Elizabeth Jean R. Marie Sevilla1,2,3,
Ericka Jane V. Villanueva1, 2, 3, Sharon Cajayon1,2,3
1
College of Nursing
2
Research Development and Innovation Center
3
Our Lady of Fatima University
4
Research Adviser
September 2022
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. i
Endorsement
This thesis entitled: “An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression Behaviors among Select First
time Mom: A Qualitative Inquiry ” prepared by Angelica Pagtaconan et al. of BSN 3-YA IRR 3,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing has
been examined and now recommended for Oral Examination.
This is to certify that Angelica Pagtaconan et al. are ready for the Oral Examination.
Sharon B. Cajayon, RN, MAN
Adviser
This is to certify that the thesis: “An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression Behaviors among
Select First time Mom: A Qualitative Inquiry” prepared by Angelica Pagtaconan et al. of
BSN3YA-IRR 3, is recommended for Oral Examination.
Maria Luisa T. Uayan, DHSc, MSN
Dean, College of Nursing

DECEMBER 7,2022 (VERSION 2)
AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. ii
Certificate of Originality
We hereby declare that this thesis is our own work and that, to the best of our knowledge and
belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material to
which to a substantial extent has been accepted for award of any other degree or diploma of a
university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement is made in
the text.
We also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of our work, even though
we may have received assistance from others on style, presentation, and language expression.
Angelica Pagtaconan
Principal Investigator
Members:
Althea Dominique Sagun
Cyrelle Ann Reyes
Ericka Jane Villanueva
Jasmin Laudit
Princess Sagun
Sharon B. Cajayon, RN, MAN

Adviser
September 2022

AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. iii
Table of Contents
Endorsement i
Certificate of Originality ii
Table of Contents iii
List of Appendices vi
Abstract vii
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Review of Related Literature 4
2.1 Theoretical Framework 4
2.2 Literature Review 6
2.2.1. First-time Mother 6
2.2.2. Maternal Support 7
2.2.3. Maternal Satisfaction 9
2.2.4. Postpartum Depression 10
2.2.5. Maternal Growth Postpartum 12
2.2.6 Postpartum Depression Behavior 13
2.3. Research Questions 14
2.4. Significance of the Study 15
3.0 Research Methodology 16

AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. iv
3.1. Research Design 16
3.2. Research Locale 17
3.3. Population and Sampling 17
3.4. Research Ethics 18
3.5. Research Instrument 19
3.5.1 In-depth Interview 19
3.6. Data Gathering Procedures 20
3.6.1. Permission Letter 21
3.6.2. Informed Consent 21
3.6.3. Procedure 22
3.6.4. Data Protection Plan 22
3.7. Data Analysis 23
4.0 Result 24
4.1 Responsibility 25
4.2 Encourage 26
4.3 Support 27
4.4 Trust 29
5.0 Discussion 30
6.0 Conclusion 32
7.0 Reflection 33

AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. v
Acknowledgement 35
References 36
Definition of Terms 42

AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. vi
List of Appendices
Appendix A: Letter of Permission to Conduct Research 43
Appendix B: Endorsement Letter 44
Apppendix C: Informed Consent Form 45
Appendix D: Ethics Approval 52
Appendix E: Turnitin 53
Appendix F: Semi-Structured Questionnaire 54
Appendix G: Repertory Grid 57
Appendix H: Transcription 70
Appendix I: Research Plates 114
Appendix J: Research Budget 117
Appendix K: About the Researchers 118

AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. vii
Abstract
This research study aimed to identified the Exploration of the Postpartum Depression Behaviors
among Select First-Time Mother. A qualitative and phenomenological research design was used.
For this study, Ten (10) participants were required. As safety step to guard against COVID-19
transmission to both the research team and the participants, the interviewed was conducted
online through the use of online platform Google Meet Application. The participants responded
to the open-ended questions by telling the interviewer regarding their experiences, challenges
and coping mechanisms on how they handled their situation. The researchers used both semi-
structured and in-depth interviews via posting it on multiple social media platforms and
collecting data through consented participation from the selected respondents. The gathered data
was then tabulated and analyzed resulting for them to garner a result. Where the researchers
found out that the ten(10) participants verbalized that trust is important because it allowed you to
be yourself and depends on another person. It provided with safety and security that you need to
turn to another person for comfort, reassurance, assistance, and affection.

AN EXPLORATION OF THE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION…. 8
1.0 Introduction
Many women developed symptoms of postpartum depression after giving birth. These
include anxiety, sadness, difficulty sleeping, exhaustion, or disturbing thoughts. Postpartum depression
can make it difficult for new mothers to take care of themselves and their babies. But many women don’t
recognized its symptoms, or didn’t know what treatments are available. It takes on a more serious
condition, brought on by hormonal or physical changes, and the stress coupled with having a new baby.
According to Rubin (2020), Postpartum depression might persist for up to 3 years after giving birth,
according to a recent study conducted by researchers from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute
of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). Pregnancy and the period after childbirth can be
vulnerable times for women.
According to Torjesen (2014), the results showed that almost one in three women reported
depressive symptoms in the first four years after birth. The prevalence of symptoms at four years
postpartum was 14.5%—higher than at any point in the first 12 months postpartum (prevalence of
depressive symptoms was 8.1% at 3 months, 10.1% at 6 months, 9.5% at 12 months, and 11.3% at 18
months postpartum). Furthermore, women with only one child at four years postpartum were more than
twice as likely to report depressive symptoms at that time than women who had subsequent children
(22.9% and 11.3% respectively; unadjusted odds ratio 2.34 (95% confidence interval 1.63 to 3.37)).
Approximately a quarter of the women had elevated depressive symptoms at some point in the 3 years
after their children were born. Some women had increasing depressive symptoms over the 3 years, while
depressive symptoms in others declined over time. As stated by Rubin (2020), there were first study to
link gestational diabetes to persistent depressive symptoms for up to 3 years postpartum.

The current study is a small-scale, exploratory study in which we conducted semi-
structured interviews with first-time mothers in Bulacan who have experienced and continue to
experience postpartum syndrome. In addition to mood disorder's experience, we investigated the
determinants and prevention of their conduct during motherhood. Lots of research has been
conducted to investigate elements of postpartum behavior in first-time mothers. They frequently
examined the impact of these factors on social thought, but they have not yet investigated the
sources of these factors. Is there, for example, a link between these elements and our genetics,
chemical imbalances in our brain? Also, how to determined easily if the first time mom is
already suffering PPD?
The main goal of the research is to determine and understand the life experiences of
first- time mother who experienced postpartum depression in the Province of Bulacan. The purpose of
this study is to determine the character behavior/s that affect the physical and psychological well-
being of first-time mother who experienced postpartum depression in the Province of Bulacan.

2.0. Review of Related Literature
The model in the Theoretical Review that was chosen by the researchers focus on
postpartum anxiety and disorder. It describe the physical and psychological changes that every
woman experienced related to their new lifestyle and how these changes led to postpartum
depression. First-time Mothers, Maternal Support, Maternal Satisfaction, Postpartum Depression,
Maternal Growth Postpartum, and Postpartum Depression Behavior are all significant variables
of the study that are presented in the literature review. Being a first-time mom has its difficulties
as one adjusts to a major life transition (Laurena, 2022). Mothers who had a strong support
system appeared to be more protected from stress hormones which lower their risk of developing
postpartum depression. The promotion of patient satisfaction is essential for preventing patient’s
anxiety, promoting treatment adherence, preventing disease, and health promotion. Mothers play
a fundamental role in the health and quality of life of their children that’s why maternal support
and satisfaction are essentially needed during pregnancy. First-time mothers need to be educated
and showed support and care during pregnancy, labor, and delivery. It may lead to the
enhancement of the mother's birth experience, which can served as a barrier to the possibility of
developing PPD. Postpartum women seek medical help to prevent postpartum depressive
symptoms from worsening. The timeline for PPD is different for everyone. If you have certain
risk factors, you might find your PPD lasting longer even with treatment. The severity of your
symptoms and how long you had symptoms before beginning treatment can affect how long your
PPD lasts. Putnick DL, et al. (2020) stated that about 5% experienced high levels of depressive
symptoms that stayed higher than the other groups, even years after giving birth in some women.
Based on Vliegen, Nicole, et al (2014) study, anywhere from 30 to 50 percent met criteria for
PPD 1 year after giving birth, while a little less than half of the people studied were still

reporting depressive symptoms 3 years postpartum. (Reiswig, 2018) jarred by the thought that
this might be a condition that sticks with her for life. Six years later, Reiswig, 32, is still
struggling with depression. There’s no formula to determine who will experience PPD and who
won’t, or for how long it’ll last. But with the right treatment, especially when it’s received early,
you can find relief even if you have one of these risk factors (Bradley S., 2022). Luckily, baby
blues could go away in a few weeks’ time. Postpartum depression, on the other hand, could last
as short as a few weeks, but in some cases, go on for months or even years (Cleveland Clinic,
2023). To a more expounded analysis of these literature, kindly proceed to the whole content of
Chapter 2.
2.1. Theoretical Review
The Postpartum Depression Model / Teetering on the Edge Theory focused on the
study of postpartum anxiety and disorder. This theory is an appropriate instrument for providers –
nurses, midwives, and maternity teachers – for the improvement of care for pregnant and postpartum
women (Marsh, 2013). Providers interacted with these patients should be very sedulous to recognize
the symptoms and signs of postpartum depression.
Cheryl Beck’s theory represents a widely developed four-step theory about Postpartum Depression.
The stages included the clash with terror, dying of self, the struggle for survival, and restoration of
control (Mollard, 2014). The clash with terror is associated with obsessive thinking, serious anxiety,
and the feeling of haziness. Dying of self-involved the feeling of isolation and unreality; additionally,
a woman frequently has an uncontrollable desire to hurt herself (Mollard, 2014).

The next step is the struggle for survival when a woman who has psychological problems after
childbirth and experienced difficulties in treatment finds comfort in prayer or support groups. The last
step is regaining control, when a woman experienced improvement and restores her state, feeling that
she has missed much time because of her condition and worrying that she will again have depression
in the future (Mollard, 2014). Such phasing helps to treat postpartum depression, preventing a further
progression of this state. The search for social support can prevent a woman from closure in case she
experiences initial broken maternal role anticipations (Mollard, 2014). A woman can considerably
benefit from a support group. In turn, a woman who has moved to other steps requires more intense
intervention (Mollard, 2014). It was obvious that every case of postpartum depression is unique;
however, the comprehension of the fact that this condition comprised four steps suggested important
recommendations in terms of treating a woman.
This theory was selected by the researchers in the present study specifically in describing
the path of how every woman experienced great psychological changes connected with a new
lifestyle that can lead to postpartum depression. The model is therefore a very effective and
predictive model for explaining the guidance of practice using the prediction and description of a
particular behavior

2.2. Literature Review
2.2.1. First-time Mother
Becoming a mother is like discovering the existence of a strange new room in the house
where you already live (LaFrance, 2015). Being a first-time mom has its difficulties, as they
adjust to a major life transition (Laurena, 2022). It might be challenging to raise a newborn child.
Cuddles might bring you delight, but infant care requires a lot of hard work. But as rewarding
and exciting as first-time parenting is, it can be challenging, too (Jena, 2021). The joy of being a
mom can occasionally be disturbed by challenging circumstances in life. Moms may experience
a disruption in their sense of joy and anticipation as they deal with unforeseen circumstances.
Whether you're a first-time mother or have multiple kids, there’s one thing that helps: a
support system, either with friends, family members or even an online community (Scaccia,
2017). Health professionals can play an important role postnatal in helping first time mothers to
cope, develop confidence and to thrive, by taking every opportunity to give appropriate and
personalized appraisal, informational and emotional social support alongside clinical care
(McLeish, Harvey, Redshaw & Alderdice, 2020). Social support by healthcare providers may be
helpful for the first time mothers’ transition to motherhood (Saeieh, Rahimzade, Yazdkhasti &
Torkashvand, 2017). The way in which a new mother copes with her new parenting duties and
the care of her infant can contribute to her own mental health as well as to better outcomes in her
child (Kim, 2022). Mothers’ positive feelings are seen as necessary and essential for children’s
present and future well-being, good development, and behavior (Cesar, Costa, Oliveira &
Fontaine, 2018).

First-time mother is considered as an independent variable that tackles the negative and
positive effects of being a mother for the first time. Mothers recognized that it was difficult to
anticipate every possible scenario before becoming parents and that some things might not make
sense until they really happened. The immense sense of responsibility, insecurity, and love that
mothers felt for their kid caught them off guard. Moms who become accustomed to disturbance
frequently discover happiness in unexpected places.
2.2.2. Maternal Support
Mothers felt a strong need to discussed their labor experienced in the weeks and months
after they gave birth. Training and professional leadership may help to ensure that all health
professionals are able and expected to offer the positive social support already offered by some
(McLeish, Harvey, Redshaw & Alderdice, 2020). Maternity professionals could begin by
ensuring that they themselves understand the full detail of the postnatal care offered, and can
describe it to all pregnant women (NHR, 2021). Pregnancy and childbirth are two events that has
always placed mothers and babies at risk due to the rather extreme physiological processes
involved. Although important progress has been made in the last two decades, about 295 000
women died during and following pregnancy and childbirth in 2017 (WHO, 2021).
Having social support is not enough, good quality maternal and newborn care at
primary health facilities is essential (Tomlin, Berhanu, Gautham, Umar, Schellenberg,
Wickremasinghe & Marchant, 2020). A very important part of strengthening service delivery is
skills training for the barangay health workers and nutrition scholars who support mothers and

babies in assessing nutritional status, providing nutrition counseling, infant and young child
feeding, micronutrient supplementation, and maternal, newborn and child health (Gimeno, 2022).
The Philippine Government has been seeking ways for low-income families to access this critical
health care, including by subsidizing the cost of joining PhilHealth — the national health
insurance program (USAID, 2018). Support systems for Maternal-Newborn service delivery are
anchored on Phil health accreditation of birthing centers and individual membership or
enrollment into the Sponsored Program. This mechanism ensures sustainable financing of quality
maternal-newborn services efficiently eliminating out-of-pocket expenditures for antenatal,
facility delivery and postnatal care (DOH, 2018). In the Philippine public health setting, these
events can be made safe and less stressful by abiding with the Safe Motherhood guidelines and
procedures adopted by the Department of Health (WHO, 2017). A recent national survey of
maternity care highlighted that women were less satisfied with their postnatal care than with care
during pregnancy, labor and birth. This could be because they did not receive good care – or
because it did not match up to what they were expecting (NIHR, 2021).
Maternal support is viewed as a dependent variable that described the effects of physical,
social and mental support for pregnant women. Mothers who have a strong support system
appeared to be protected from stress hormones which lowers their risk of having postpartum
depression. If a woman has minimal social support, a low income, is a single parent, or has a
strained relationship with her partner; her emotional well-being is more at risk. Peer support
might include educational, supportive, emotional, and practical assistance.

2.2.3. Maternal Satisfaction
Becoming a mother is a rewarding yet difficult experience. It is expected of mothers to
managed numerous responsibilities, including work. Mothers' sense of self-worth, mental health,
social support from their husbands, family, and friends, as well as how they viewed their children,
all have an impact on how they coped. The entire maternity care experienced can have an
immediate or long-term influenced on a woman's health and mental well-being as well as the
health and well-being of her child and the wider family system. Maternal satisfaction is a
complex psychological response to childbirth and a multidimensional concept that is influenced
by the overall health care system in terms of communication, respect and dignity, emotional
support, the physical environment, and quality of care; it occurs when maternal expectations are
met.
Urbanová, A., Škodová, Z., & Bašková, M. (2021) stated that support and care for
women during pregnancy, labor and delivery should take into account the ongoing enhancement
of the mother's positive birth experience, which can serve as a barrier against the emergence of
various postpartum disorders, including the possibility of developing PPD. In terms of maternal
care, the WHO (World Health Organization) acknowledges that encouraging a positive delivery
experience is essential. It is possible to quantify objectively how satisfied women are with their
obstetric care, which is a significant factor. Women's satisfaction with delivery can be measured
to identify scenarios where birth satisfaction poses a substantial risk factor or to give helpful
input on filling up care gaps. Quality improvement efforts in developing countries could focus on
strengthening the process of care. Special attention is needed to improve interpersonal behavior,
as evidence from the review points to the importance women attach to being treated respectfully,
irrespective of sociocultural or economic context. Other aspects of interpersonal behavior

included therapeutic communication, staff confidence and competence, and encouragement to
laboring women (Srivastava, A., et al., 2015).
Maternal Satisfaction is considered a dependent variable in this study that described the
satisfaction with services that reflects expectations and the quality of health care received.
Increasing satisfaction with services has long-term benefits for both the community and patients.
If high-quality care is provided, the utilization of reproductive and sexual health services was
increased. Every health professional should work skillfully and practice compassionate care
(Tadele, M., et al., 2020). The promotion of patient satisfaction is essential for preventing patient
anxiety, promoting treatment adherence, preventing disease, and health promotion.
2.2.4. Postpartum Depression
Childbirth is a difficult and exhausting process. During pregnancy, a woman experiences
several physical, emotional, hormonal, and psychological changes. The mother's world—both
family and interpersonal—undergoes enormous transformation. A woman may feel a range of
feelings after giving birth, from excitement and pleasure to despair and sadness. Postpartum
depression is prevalent among mothers and around one in seven women can develop postpartum
depression (PPD). It can affect every woman; however some may be more prone to it than others.
Postpartum depression is more common among women who have previously had depression,
particularly postpartum depression, or in those with a family history of the disorder. High levels
of stress during pregnancy, health issues before or after delivery, and a lack of domestic support
can all raise the risk of postpartum depression (Anzilotti, 2022). Stressful life events, childcare
stress, pregnancy anxiety, and the history of a prior episode of PPD are the main predisposing
factors for developing PPD.

Yamashita, T. et al (2014) concluded that inadequate utilization of postpartum health care
services, both in terms of access to care especially for women who delivered at home and
utilization of postpartum services at the appropriate time showed that postpartum mothers lacked
understanding about possible postpartum health problems. Pregnant women in the Philippines
are in a vulnerable condition as a result of social stigma and limited access to healthcare services,
and many local communities lack readily accessible mental health doctors and counselors.
However, BHWs may have a significant impact on postpartum women's education on the use of
postpartum health care services based on the women's degree of knowledge, personal traits, and
prior use of healthcare services. Labrague, LJ et al. (2020) stated that there’s a greater need to
intensify government programs relative to PPD services, specifically related to the early
detection and screening of PPD among high-risk pregnancies. The findings suggest that there is a
need for more awareness and support for women who are at risk for PPD.
In this study, Postpartum Depression, or PPD, is viewed as a dependent variable that
described a complex combination of physical, emotional, and behavioral changes that occur in
some women after delivering birth. Women who are not depressed think that having a child is
the greatest moment of their lives; depressed mothers have such overwhelming emotions of
helplessness that some of them compare life to a swamp of death. There is also a stigma around
new mothers in that disclosure may lead to abandonment and fear of lack of support. First-time
mothers need to be educated and showed support and care during pregnancy, labor, and delivery
for the ongoing enhancement of the mother's birth experience, which can serve as a barrier to the
possibility of developing PPD.

2.2.5. Maternal Growth Postpartum
The term maternal growth postpartum refers to the time after birth when maternal
physiologic changes related to pregnancy return to the non-pregnant state. The postpartum period,
also known as the puerperium and the "fourth trimester," refers to the time after birth when the
physiologic changes related to pregnancy return to the non-pregnant state. In addition to
physiologic changes and medical issues that may arise during this period, health care providers
should be aware of the psychological needs of the postpartum mother and be sensitive to
different cultural practices related to childbirth, which may involve eating particular foods and
restricting certain activities.
In many wealthy and developing nations, the postpartum time is insufficient while being
one of the life stages that can be considered to be the most sensitive. It was a qualitative study
using the content analysis approach, and a quantitative portion, using the descriptive cross-
sectional method, were both carried out in Bojnourd (Nazari et al (2021) The importance of
maternal is the mothers play a fundamental role in the health as well as the quality of life of their
children, which is why it is so important to give focus to maternal health during pregnancy. Most
pregnant women give their focus to the development and health of their unborn child. In addition
to adapting to maternal role changes, new mothers may experience a variety of emotional
changes. Women who give birth at home may use less medical services, which could lead to
more frequent abnormal symptoms throughout the postpartum period. In the Philippines, the
maternal mortality rate is high Yamashita et al (2017)
In this study, the maternal growth postpartum is described as a dependent variable.
Maternal factors known to influenced fetal growth, birth weight and neonatal body composition

are determinants of placental weight. The effect of maternal factors on placental weight is
influenced by sex as illustrated in the relation between maternal glucose and placental weight.
Moreover, the fetus entirely depends on its mother, while the newborn is not entirely dependent,
as he/she is separated from his/her mother and can grow up independently.
2.2.6. Postpartum Depression Behavior
Postpartum Depression is a major health problem for new mothers that affects both the
mothers and the kids negatively. Postpartum depression is a type of depression that happens after
giving birth. It causes extreme sadness and despair. Public health issues are seriously raised by
its high prevalence rate. Numerous risk factors, including biological, psycho-social, and even
environmental factors, are likely to have an impact on PPD. Most new moms experienced
postpartum "baby blues" after childbirth, which commonly include mood swings, crying spells,
anxiety and difficulty sleeping. Baby blues typically begin within the first two to three days after
delivery, and may last for up to two weeks. Postpartum is considered to be a long journey that
there is consensus that the postpartum period begins upon birth of the infant. The end is less well
defined, but is often considered the six to eight weeks after birth because the effects of
pregnancy on many systems have largely returned to the pregnancy state by this time.
Since hormone withdrawal is a common procedure every pregnant woman goes through
after giving birth, the hormonal withdrawal idea has largely been dis proven. As a result of
human evolution, this is a desired and essential biological change that is adapted to pregnancy
and parturition. Due to the enormous complexity of the human body, the vast variety of genetic
and epigenetic differences, as well as environmental, psychological, and biological factors, the
biological system may not function as effectively as predicted for some women. (Johansson et al

(2020) investigated how postpartum depression and parental stress are actually experienced by
mothers and fathers. Conducting and analyzing qualitative interviews from an interpretive
phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach. Fathers cited exterior obligations while mothers
described internal requirements as the most difficult, yet both moms and fathers described
experiences of feeling inadequate. Postpartum depression and anxiety were brought on by
prenatal difficulties or a traumatic delivery, which also had an impact on dads' well-being. The
nation's rising birth rate suggested that the number of women suffered from postpartum
depression is rising (Crisol et al (2013) it aimed to assess the impact of parenting education and
aerobic exercise on postnatal depression. This study is a single-blinded, quantitative follow-up
experiment. Utilizing non-probability purposive sampling, participants were chosen. To evaluate
the impact of parenting education and aerobic exercise on postpartum depression. 15% to 20% of
deliveries globally result in postpartum depression (PPD). Unfortunately, there aren't many local
studies available to determined its exact prevalence. Santiago & Habana (2020).
In this study, postpartum depression behaviors of women were set as the dependent
variable, and demographically were maintained as an independent variable. The prevalence of
postpartum women with depression symptoms in this study is considerably high. It is, therefore,
imperative that postpartum women seek medical help to prevent postpartum depressive
symptoms from worsening. It can affect your relationship for years to come.
2.3. Research Questions
Q1: What character behavior/s do selected moms have shown during their post-
Postpartum depression?

2.4 Significance of the Study
This study is important in the nursing profession to determine the key of successfully
screening women for postpartum depression. It will train nurses that helped to get comfortable
with the topic of depression and to develop a non-judgemental attitude. The results must alert the
student nurses in sensing the psychological state of the patient and provide information and
precise data of the well-being to give way to a more accurate care plan for a woman with
postpartum depression.
The findings will benefit the following:(1) Health Care Providers who work directly with
pregnant women and new moms have an opportunity to identify signs and symptoms of
Postpartum depression. To learn how to help pregnant and postpartum women experiencing
depression to improve parent and infant health outcomes. (2) First time mothers, It's important
for new mothers to understand the symptoms and risk factors of postpartum depression as well
as effective treatment that can help you manage symptoms and bond with your baby. And to
discover how new mothers with postpartum depression (PPD) can utilize different therapeutic
strategies and resource options to live a healthy, happy life. (3) Student nurses, Learn to assess
and recognize the symptoms of postpartum depression. To differentiate the need of care and
social support by listening to her (to let her know you want to hear her concerns). Give her
support (Let her know she's not alone and you are here to help). (4) Family, To understand the
perspectives of family/husband whose loved ones/partners experienced postpartum depression,
particularly views on how husband and family relationships were impacted by maternal PPD,
and attitudes regarding inclusion of family within the treatment process. (5) Researchers, To

recognize the responsibility to address this illness through improved research and greater access
to care and services. To facilitate finding more effective and efficient postpartum treatment.
3.0 Research Methodology
3.1. Research Design
The general design of the paper used a Qualitative Research Approach were used in
studying to fully understand the entire of certain phenomena and collecting narrative data. The
purpose is to collect in-depth data from a smaller that can be statistical examined to the other
situation. It is a systematic, subjective approach to gathering in-depth insight about specific
individuals’ behaviors in relation to their experienced. Qualitative research broadly refers to a
category of research approaches that produce findings without reliance on quantitative
measurement or statistical analysis (Corbin and Struss 2015).
To conduct this study, the researcher used phenomenological design to gather a
comprehensive knowledge and to determine the characteristics of a first time mother who is
experiencing postpartum depression in the Province of Bulacan. The researchers was able to
gathered information based on people’s experienced with the same phenomenon by using a
phenomenological design. Phenomenology is uniquely positioned to help health professions
education (HPE) scholars learn from the experiences of others. Phenomenology is a form of
qualitative research that focuses on the study of an individual’s lived experiences within the
world (Neubeuer, Witkop, &Varpio, 2019)

3.2. Research Locale
The study was conducted in the Province of Bulacan that has 21 municipalities and 3
cities and a total number of 569 barangay. Bulacan is one of the country’s fastest growing cities.
This place was selected to determine the suitable area of the researchers among the population of
bulacan because those ages 20-35 years old of a first-time mother both have a higher risk of a
complication such as postpartum depression, which helped in the accomplishment of the study.
Furthermore, the mutual agreement of the researcher and the administrator has stated on the
letter of approval provided through Email.
3.3. Population and Sampling
The researcher selected ten (10) eligible first time mothers with postpartum depression
from Bulacan. The ten (10) eligible participants were interviewed online for 45 minutes to 1 hour
based on the available time and date of preference of the participants in the study. According to
Creswell (2012), purposeful sampling means that to learn or understand the essential
phenomenon, a researcher selects individuals and sites intentionally. Purposive sampling is
where a researcher selects a sample based on the needs about the study. The participants were
selected based on the purpose of the sample. Participants were selected according to the needs of
the study. In this study, the researcher took ten (10) first time mothers with postpartum
depression in order to make the data more valid.
Since the researcher sampling method is non-probability, the researchers only acquired at
least ten (10) participants of the study who are qualify based on the criteria given in this study,
which are first time mothers and those who still experience postpartum depression in relevance
to their pregnancy. Onwuegbuzie and Collins (2007) said that for phenomenological

investigations, Creswell (1998) recommends a sample size of fewer than or equal to 10, to reach
the data saturation. Other studies have found an increased risk among younger (age < 24 years)
mothers (Viguara et al., 2011; Guintivano et al., 2018), reduced risk in late 20 s and early to mid
30 s (Rincón-Pabón et al., 2014), and a return to elevated risk in mothers older than 35
(Guintivano et al., 2018).
The inclusion criteria are confined to mothers that must be, 1.) A Filipino citizen, 2.) Ages 20 -
35 years old, 3.) Female, 4.) First time mother with postpartum depression, 5.) Currently residing
in the province of Bulacan, 6.) Willing to participate in the study. The exclusion criteria are
confined to mothers that must be, 1.) A citizen residing outside the Philippines, 2.) Ages younger
than 20 and older than 35 years old, 3.) Male, 4.) First time mother who does not experience
postpartum depression, 5.) A resident outside the Bulacan, 6.) Not willing to participate in the
study.
3.4. Research Ethics
The researchers promoted the aim of the research and must be practiced to establish
validity and one of the important parts when conducting research. It is how the researchers
managed, published, utilized the data and communicate the research. It is regarding people’s
safety. (Editage Insights, 2020). The researchers are required to give the participants
confidentiality which means their information must be kept in private and respect someone’s
privacy. The researchers must conduct research without harming the participants and the
members. One of the most fundamental ethical principles in research is Autonomy; the
participants have the right to make choices. There is an informed consent that the participants
have the ability to decide whether they want to participate in the study or the participants have

the right to refuse and ask questions and ensure that the records of the participants should remain
confidential and secured. According to AVAC (2021), the beneficence is action that is done for
the benefit of the others. The purpose of this research ethics is to do no harm. The research
should not hurt anyone and must be helpful to society. Lastly, The Justice deals with the concept
of fairness. The research must be studied not only in men or not only in women, whether men or
women, the researchers must ensure their safety and the effectiveness for everyone who is called
the right to fair treatment and privacy. This research proposal was evaluated and checked
thoroughly by the Institutional Ethics Committee (IERC) of Our Lady of Fatima University.
3.5. Research Instruments
A semi-structured interview was used as the main instrument of the study to collect data
from the participants. The design of the instruments was standardized primarily and based on the
context of how the participants participated in the study. Specifically the semi-structured
interview is appropriate for this study since the research aims to gather participants on a small
scale, and their responses are explanatory. This research instrument was often used for
qualitative research purposes or to gather clinical data. While it follows a guide or protocol
devised before the interview and is focused on a core topic to provide a general structure, the
semi-structured interview also allows for discovery, with space to follow topical trajectories as
the conversation unfolds.
3.5.1. In-depth Interview
This study conducted in-depth interviews. It consists 20 items open-ended questions
made by the researchers of this study design to help researchers to understand the objectives of
the study, which are (1) to determine the risk factors of postpartum depression among new

mothers, (2) to explain information about the impact of risk factors to new moms who suffer
from postpartum depression, (3) To analyze and resolve misconceptions about the behaviors of
mothers who suffered postpartum depression, (4) to make suggestions that will know the people
that a mother is experiencing PPD. (5) to understand how individuals should treat ladies
suffering from Postpartum Depression. The questions contain local translation were the
researchers ask the participants follow-up questions and explanations. Furthermore, researchers
conducted an interview through virtual meeting in any social media platform that is convenient
for the respondent.
The questionnaire used for an in-depth interview is affirmed and validated by Professor
Sharon Cajayon RN,MAN.
3.6 Data Gathering Procedures
The researchers presented a letter of approval to the Dean of the College of Nursing to
ask permission to conduct a study outside the school premises. Before starting the data gathering
procedure, the researchers provided an online invitation platform for the targeted participants.
The researchers acquired at least ten (10) participants of the study whose qualified based on the
criteria given in this study, which are the first-time mother whom experienced postpartum
depression in relevance to their study. The participant are, 1.) A Filipino Citizen, 2.) Female, 3.)
Ages 20-35 years old, 4.) Currently residing in the Province of Bulacan, 5.) First-time mother
with postpartum depression, 6.) Willing to participate in the study. The data was gathered by the
use of any social media platform that may be convenient for the participants, wherein the virtual
one-on-one interview with the researchers will be conducted. There were survey questionnaires
interview conducted through google forms, whence there were a set of topics and questions
being asked for the targeted participants. The answered survey questionnaires forms and

recorded virtual interview meetings, was strictly kept in one device only and on flash drive disk
for backup data, and it was kept until the researcher’s final defense in this study. The researchers
assured the confidentiality of the participants and all of the data that was gathered including the
signed consent forms and virtual interview recorded meetings will be deleted immediately up
until after the researcher’s final defense for this study.
3.6.1. Permission Letter
The procedures that follow was carried out with the goal of obtaining first-hand data from
the selected participants to formulate sound, effective, and useful conclusions, and
recommendations for the study. The researchers sent a letter thru email requesting their
permission to participate in the study. They were assured of the confidentiality of any
information obtained during the process. Before conducting the study, the researchers sought
permission from the heads of Bulacan, and provided a permission letter for the (10) participants
then processed data gathering, securing and involvement of any involved parties. The principal
investigator distributed the Informed Consent/Permission Letter to the co-investigators that were
connected to the participants through messenger application. After being granted with the
permission letter, the researchers started to distribute an informed consent letter to the
participants in the study.
3.6.2. Informed Consent
The researchers started to establish rapport to the qualified participants with the use of
informed consent. The informed consent form explains clearly, completely and well understood.
The participants signed with their volunteers and willingness to participate in the study. The

informed consent form contained the specifics, full scope and limitation of the research, the role
of the key informants along with their rights, and protected confidentiality of the participants.
3.6.3. Procedure
The form of the participant recruitment is through the use of posters provided to be
facilitated by the researchers. The researchers posted on various social media sites for selecting
the participants and choose among the responses from the participant recruitment that was meet
the inclusion criteria constructed by the researchers. Before the researchers proceed to the survey,
participants were ask to provide informed consent, and the information gather was treated with
highest confidentiality and used solely for academic and research reasons. The participants gave
the opportunity of remaining anonymous in order to protect their integrity and usefulness in
responding to the survey. Following that, an in-depth interview was conducted. Due to the
restriction of one-on-one interviews, the data was collected using an online platform like Google
form to get a deeper understanding of the nursing student experience. After the data collection,
the researchers gave their appreciation and gratitude by giving tokens Fifty (50) pesos thru Gcash
as incentive for their participation. The researcher asked for a contact number in case the
researcher needs follow-up questions to acquire data.
3.6.4. Data Protection Plan
Privacy as defined by Rejikumar et al., (2020) is the individual's attitudes toward
disclosing personal information voluntarily and at their discretion for materialistic or emotional
benefits are defined as privacy in this study. From the perspective of the participants, the domain
of privacy significantly overlaps with security (confidentiality) concerns, which are related to the
improper use of personal data and losses due to the leak of financial and personal information.

Constitutional privacy refers to the freedom to make personal decisions without interference
from others, whereas tort privacy refers to individuals' interests in exercising control over access
to information about themselves.
The researchers used the consent forms and any identifying information of the
participants with strict confidentiality and keep it private within the research team. The interview
recordings was kept strictly in one laptop and in one flash drive for backup. This information
was kept only until the researchers final defense. All data that was collected, including signed
consent forms and recordings, will be deleted immediately following the completion of this study.
3.7. Data Analysis.
A cool analysis was used to examine the data. Cool analysis is used for identifying the
key verbalization or statements made by each participant. It is the process for culling significant
statements, extracting responses related to the topic and deleting responses which are non-
significant. These statements served as the foundation for the warm analysis stage, which
resulted in the development of data categories and themes.
Warm analysis is the process of grouping or sorting, giving name to the themes and
repertory grid construction of the data gathered from the participants. In qualitative research, the
act of methodically reviewing and organizing the interview transcripts, observation notes, or
other non-textual resources that the researcher acquires to deepen understanding of the
phenomenon is known as data analysis. The information gathered gave insight into in-depth
information on people's views, beliefs, motivations, or behaviors. For instance, in order to
comprehend people's feelings, perspectives, and actions.

4.0 Results
Figure 1. REST PPD for First-Time Mother figure .
The four(4) themes that was formulated by the researchers describing the experienced of
First-Time Mother during PPD episodes namely: RESPONSIBILITY, ENCOURAGE,
SUPPORT, and TRUST (REST).
The researchers used the word REST as the model of this study to described the First-
Time Mother with PPD episodes that it takes for months or years until they healed from
depression. The participants of this study mentioned their Responsibility as a mother, how they
Encourage other mothers, the Support that they received from their families and friends, and last
the Trust from the people to talk about their problems.
The analysis starts with ten(10) first-time mother participants age ranges from 20-35
years old and their experienced on having a postpartum depression. All the participants fit the
criteria and each of them was interviewed online and was recorded with their permission. The
name’s of all the participants was keep their anonymity.

4.1 Responsibility
Responsibility is serve to protect your child from harm, to give your child what
they need: housing, food, and clothing, to provide for your child financially, to provide control,
supervision, and safety.
“Before hindi ko pa alam kasi first time kong magiging mommy pero
noong pagkatapos ko manganak doon ko na sya narealized na kaya ko pala yung
mga responsibilidad, yung pagaalaga, kayang pagsabayin yung work tsaka yung
pag aalaga ng anak ko lalo na ngayon na nag i-school na sya, mas mahirap pero
kaya naman” P1, L25 - 28
“Ano, yung pinanganak ko yung anak ko kasi po kasama na rin po sa

responsibilidad yun kapag nanganak kana kahit di ka pa handa magiging handa
ka.” P5, L28 - 29
“Talagang kailangan handa kang magsabi sa pamilya mo kasi kahit bago
kamagkaanak, kahit gaano mo sabihin na kaya mo or stable yung mental health
mo para harapin yung responsibilidad ng pagiging ina, pag andun ka na,
talagang masheshaken siya or matetense siya kasi iba talaga kapag nandun ka na
sa moment. Dapat siguro handa kang maging open sa nararamdama mo para
hindi matuloy sa hindi magandang pangyayari. Yung feelings or emotions mo
napakahirap talagang imanage ng emotions lalo na kapag nanay ka kasi hindi na
lang ikaw yung iisipin mo dahil may baby na umaasa sayo. Sabi nga nila kapag
masaya ang nanay, mas maaalagaan niya yung anak so dapat talaga, selfish
siguro sa iba pakinggan pero dapat inuuna din ng nanay yung sarili niya para
mabigay niya yung pangangailangan ng anak niya. So dapat ready ka sa ganon”
P7, L100 - 110

“Siguro hmm, nagpakasal kami nuong 23 years old ako tapos na enjoy
naman namin buhay namin bilang mag-asawa. Syempre financially stable na
naman kami kaya ayon nuong 27 ako naghanda na kaming magka anak.”P10,
L26 - 28
The participants in the study stated that after they gave birth to their child, their
responsibility as a mother began. Even though you are not ready on that responsibility you have
to face it. They realized you can do all the things that you think you can’t just to provide all the
needs of their child. Above mentioned are the significant statements.
4.2 Encourage
Encourage is to inspire someone to feel confident and able to do something.
“Ang advice ko is maging vocal kayo maging open kayo sa mga

naeexperience niyo, at huwag kayong mahihiyang mag seek ng advice, huwag
kayong mahiya na magsabi na ito na pala yung pinagdadaanan niyo lalo na sa
relatives niyo at tsaka sa pinaka malapit na tao sa inyo, iba kasi parang kumbaga
kapag kinimkim mo siya iba na yung magawa mo, meron kasi noon na sinasabi
nila na after manganak nabaliw, yun pala nakaka experience na pala siya ng
postpartum depression, kasi hindi alam ng family nila kung ano bang ibig sabihin
non, kaya maganda na maging informative din sila sa kung ano yung
pinagdadaanan mo.” P2, L87 - 93
“Kung para sa akin kapit ka lang sa isang dahilan para magpatuloy ka

kasi yung lang naman yung kailangan mo eh, isang dahilan para patuloy na
makapag look forward ka, yung isang dahilan lang na yun sa kabila ng maraming
dahilan kung bakit kailangan mo ng sumuko, tsaka palagi lang magdasal kasi yun
lang yung makakatulong talaga yung pananampalataya mo lang sa Diyos.” P3,
L76 - 80

“Alagaan lagi ang sarili. Wag magpapagod. Wag magpapadala sa

emosyon para di na maranasan ang ganitong sitwasyon.” P6,L74 - 75
“Ipaintindi mo na sa kanila na normal lang iyon sayo. And of course,
most important ay sa partner mo talaga kailangan mong ipa embrace mo sa
kaniya yung mga pagbabago na mangyayari sayo. Dapat iparamdam niya na
kasama mo siya, na kasama mo siya during that time after giving birth. Na hindi
lang supportive siya when it comes to financial needs pero dapat kasama siya-
yung support niya sa emotional mo.”P9,L117 - 121
The researchers found out that three (3) out of the ten (10) participants of the
study that giving encouragement to your fellow mother is important, this helped them to have
hope in so many ways. They emphasized the importance of seeking advice from others and being
vocal to what you feel so that you can protect your mental health. Above mentioned are the
significant statements.
4.3 Support
Support is a network of people that can provide you with practical or emotional
support.
“Sa asawa ko, siya kasi yung nagwowork non, simula kasi nung nabuntis
ako noon wala akong work non tumigil ako talaga kasi maselan nga yung
pagbubuntis ko, lagi akong dinudugo, tapos hanggang 7 months yung baby namin,
hindi pa din ako nag wowork non, so siya talaga yung sumusuporta ng lahat ng
financial na pangangailangan, and then pa umuuwi siya tumutulong siya sa pag
aalaga ng baby lalo na puyatan pa noong mga panahon na yon. Ayun sa family
ko naman lagi nila kaming binibisita doon sa bahay namin, tumutulong din silang
mag alaga para makapag pahinga ako kahit papano kasi before ako lang talaga
yung nag aalaga non, wala talaga akong katulong malayo yung mommy ko,
hiwalay na sila ng father ko, kaya ayun mag isa lang.” P1, L35 - 43

“Sa pamilya nalang sila yung naging sandalan ko talaga, lalo na ako
nalang mag isa nag aalaga sa baby ko, kahalili ko lalo sa madaling araw kapag
wala na talaga akong tulog.” P3,L33-35
“Nung unang weeks, first to second week nung nanganak ako talagang
nakaalalay sila kasi walang tulog nun eh, yung puyat grabe yung puyat non kasi
si baby kailangan bantayan every 2 hours yan dapat kakain. Nakaalalay sila at
pinapalitan nila ko para may shifting yung oras para nakakatulog ako ganon.”
P7, L31 - 34
“Unang una sa lahat yung asawa mo dapat yung number one na

susuporta sa iyo eh. yung family mo, parents mo second nalang sila eh pero mas
kailangan mo talaga yung asawa mo. Asawa mo yung iintindi sa iyo, kahit may
anak kayo dapat iparamdam niya na sayo na mahalaga ka at mahal ka niya.
Tapos syempre emotionally support, lagi ka niyang tatanungin sa isang araw, oh
kumain ka na ba? anong nararamdaman mo? pagod ka ba? ayon, yung mga ano
kailangan mo talaga yung asawa mo in every step of the way lalo na kapag
nanganak ka na kasi emotionally hindi mo talaga kakayanin kasi talagang ang
daming nawala sayo after mong manganak kaya kailangan yung asawa mo
nandiyan talaga o yung partner mo para sayo in every step of the ways.” P10,
L109 - 117
All the ten (10) participants of the study stated that support from the family, close
friends. and significant others has an important role during the postpartum depression. Having a
support people it can help you manage everyday challenges, make difficult decisions, or even
during a crisis situation. Above mentioned are the significant statements.

4.4 Trust
Trust is an act of placing confidence in someone or something else.
“Ang ginawa ko noon is sinasabi ko lahat sa husband ko kapag may
nangyayari sa akin na parang kakaiba, and then humihingi ako ng advice sa
asawa ko kasi parang full of wisdom siya and yun yung tinetake ko para macope
ko yung postpartum depression.” P2,L55-57
“Ang advice ko is maging vocal kayo maging open kayo sa mga

naeexperience niyo, at huwag kayong mahihiyang mag seek ng advice, huwag
kayong mahiya na magsabi na ito na pala yung pinagdadaanan niyo lalo na sa
relatives niyo at tsaka sa pinaka malapit na tao s ainyo, iba kasi parang kumbaga
kapag kinimkim mo siya iba na yung magawa mo, meron kasi noon na sinasabi
nila na after manganak nabaliw, yun pala nakaka experience na pala siya ng
postpartum depression, kasi hindi alam ng family nila kung ano bang ibig sabihin
non, kaya maganda na maging informative din sila sa kung ano yung
pinagdadaanan mo.” P2, L87 - 93
“Unang una siguro ano, sinabi ko sa husband ko talaga kung ano yung
nararamdaman ko kasi mahirap kung sasarilinin ko siya lalo nga at may baby
ako kasi nakakaapekto din yung nararamdaman ko sa katawan ko. Talagang
nagsabi agad ako sa asawa ko.” P7, L82 - 84
“So ayon nakipagusap ako sa asawa ko, naintindihan niya naman kasi
nurse din naman siya. Tapos sa family, siguro ano nalang emotional support sa
mama ko kasi sinabi ko na hindi ko na kaya kasi parang gusto ko na
magpakamatay noon. Kasi parang naubos lahat ng meron ako sa buhay ko na
parang back to zero ako nuong nagkaanak ko. Sabi ng mama ko ganon talaga,
kailangan mo lakasan ang loob tapos lagi niya na akong kinakausap kasi sinabi
ko sa kaniya na naddepress na ako kasi actually buntis pa lang ako na ddepress
na ako. Sa kalagayan ko pa before, lagi na akong kinakausap ng nanay ko

hanggang sa maging maayos na ako. Pati asawa ko sinuportahan niya yung mga
gusto ko.” P10, L98 - 106
The researchers found out that the ten(10) participants verbalized that trust is
important because it allows you to be yourself and depends on another person. It provides you
with safety and security you need to turn to another person for comfort, reassurance, assistance,
and affection. Above mentioned are the significant statements.
5.0 Discussion
This study was designed to recognize the postpartum depression behaviors among select
first-time mothers. The researchers were able to collect significant data by interviewing select
first-time mothers age ranges from 20-35 years old. This study was designed to determine the
character behavior/s that affect the physical and psychological well-being of first time mothers
who experienced postpartum depression in the Province of Bulacan. The researchers were able to
gather significant data by interviewing first-time mothers. The data gathered was analyzed using
cool and warm analysis, the finding showed that the occupational health hazards and risks
experienced by the nurses during a health crisis are represented by the themes: Protocol, Passion,
Exposure and Self-care. These four themes described the lived experiences of the nurses during a
health crisis.
One of the themes formed by the researchers is Responsibility. As a mother, they did everything
that they can to provide for the needs and wants of their child. The participants stated that even
though at first they are not prepared for the responsibility as a parent, they did everything to cope
up and be a responsible mother. Although all moms are aware of their obligations, it might be
simpler for mothers if they properly understood their roles and responsibilities. When you
become a mother, you will do all in your power to meet your child's needs and wants; it will

transform your entire life and lifestyle. It provides you with a genuine sense of importance and
purpose in life, as well as a shift in your priorities.
The next theme that is form by the researchers is Encourage. As a person who passes through the
hardships that they faced as a first-time mother, the participants of the study wants to encourage
their fellow mother. They emphasized the importance of seeking advice from others and being
vocal to what you feel so that you can protect your mental health. Consistent actions of gratitude
and encouragement are similar to a relationship maintenance strategy. Encouragement
strengthens and reaffirms that "doing the right thing" is what counts most, even in tough times.
Encouragement reassures people that they are on the right path and assists them in maintaining
positive, ethical, and productive work practices.
The third theme that was emphasized was Support. Having someone who will cheer you
up when you are having a hard time really means a lot especially for those people who are
experiencing postpartum depression. Because of the complex emotions that every first-time
mother experiences, friends and relatives can provide emotional support. Postpartum women
required a lot of social support from their families, close friends, and significant others. They
play an important role in ensuring that moms receive the assistance they need during this life-
changing moment. Their family's love, support, trust, and optimism make them feel safe and
secure, and they are formidable weapons against peer pressure, life's obstacles, and
disappointments. Mothers' postpartum mental health is linked to both emotional and practical
care from their husbands and others.
The last theme that was formed by the researchers is Trust. As a first-time mother, all
things are new to them that’s why they need someone to depend on. Trust give them a sense of

security and safety, wherein they received assurance, comfort and assistance they need in order
to cope up to their situation. Trust has been demonstrated to have a buffering impact in the
prevention of mental well-being degradation, since trust is thought to represent the individual's
ability to get social resources, including both official and informal assistance. Women's
connections with maternity care experts demonstrate that exercising choice is not only
determined by, but also dependent on, the level of confidence they have in their maternity care
providers.
6.0 Moderatum Generalization
The ten(10) participants were interviewed about their experiences as a first-time mother
who experienced postpartum depression. The essence of the study is to identify their behaviors
and the things that they did in order to cope up with their situation. Based on the findings of the
study, the researchers came up with four themes which are Responsibility, Encourage, Support
and Trust. All the participants was able to share their experiences as a first-time mother who had
postpartum depression. It is not easy to endure all those changes that they faced physically,
emotionally and mentally. The themes Responsibility, Encourage, Support and Trust acts as their
coping mechanisms when they experienced postpartum depression after giving birth.
These data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews and evaluated using
cool analysis. The study is beneficial to first-time mothers to understand the symptoms and risk
factors of postpartum depression as well as effective treatment and therapeutic strategies that can
help them manage the symptoms and bond with their baby. This research will also be useful to
future student nurses who are already in the field. This study is crucial in the nursing field
because it allows nurses to analyze and detect the symptoms of postpartum depression in order to

build a nonjudgmental attitude and provide information and exact data on the well-being of a
woman suffering from postpartum depression. Also to the families of postpartum depression
women, on how the husband and her family relationship were damaged by maternal PPD, as well
as opinions of family engagement in the treatment process. This study may also serve as a guide
and reference for future researchers undertaking an in-depth study of first-time moms suffering
from postpartum depression. Recognize the importance of addressing this condition via enhanced
research and increased access to care and resources.When you become a mother, you will do all
in your power to meet your child's needs and desires; it will transform your entire life and
lifestyle. It provides you with a genuine sense of importance and purpose in life, as well as a shift
in your priorities. Mothers are conscious of their obligations; understanding their roles and
responsibilities may make life simpler for mothers. Encouragement may aid first-time mothers
with their self-confidence, effort, motivation, achievement, self-esteem, and validation.
Becoming a new mother is an emotional roller coaster. Postpartum women require a lot of social
support from their families, close friends, and significant others. Women's connections with
maternity care experts demonstrate that exercising choice is not only determined by, but also
dependent on, the level of confidence they have in their maternity care providers.
7.0 Reflection
As the researchers conducted the study, they reflected on a number of issues, including
the fact that nurses in the medical field are in an excellent position to assist in meeting not only
the medical needs of their patients, but also their emotional needs. Postpartum depression is a
psychiatric mood condition that can occur after a woman has given birth. Mothers suffering with
postpartum depression may experience tremendous grief, worry, and weariness, making it
difficult to fulfill daily care duties for themselves or their infant. The researchers learned from

this study that when coping with such a dreadful ailment, one may feel alone and lost. However,
there are numerous treatment options available to assist depressed women or men.

Acknowledgement
The researchers would like to deliver an appreciation to those who contributed to the
advancement of this study. From our beloved Dean of Our Lady of Fatima University College of
Nursing, Ms. Maria Luisa T. Uayan DHSc, to our supportive professor and research advisor, Mrs.
Sharon B. Cajayon MAN, RN, and, of course, to the participants who, in spite of the hard times,
were able to give a few of their time and exertion to participate in our study. Moreover, the
researchers would like to give thanks to our families, and companions who bolstered us in
making this study. Overall, we would like to thank God Almighty for directing us along the way.

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Definition of Terms
 Behaviors - Refers to one's activities in front of or toward others, particularly on a certain occasion.
 Postpartum - Period of time following childbirth after delivery.
 Depression - Depression major depressive disorder is a common and serious medical illness that
negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act. Depression is a mood disorder
that causes persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, and loss of joy.
 First-Time - Doing something for the first time (first-time mom)
 Mother - The term "Mother" refers to a female parent who gives birth to or raises a child and
provides emotional, physical, and psychological support to the child.
 Maternal - The term "Maternal" refers to characteristics, behaviors, and qualities associated with
mothers or motherhood as a whole.
 Theory - Pertains to a system of concepts, principles, and hypotheses that are used to organize and
explain the relationships between variables that are studied as part of the research process. Theory
development often involves the observation, analysis, and synthesis of empirical data, as well as the
integration of existing knowledge and theoretical frameworks.
 Responsibility -As a first-time mother, it is an act of having a duty to provide their child's
food, clothing, and places to live, as well as safety and supervision.
 Encourage - Ability to give support and hope for those other first-time mothers that are also
suffering and enduring postpartum depression.
 Support - Support with family and friends to support and comfort them during their hard
times, having supportive relationships will be a great help to increase their mental well-
being.
 Trust - It represents their belief in themselves to properly manage their situation and to look
forward to something that will benefit their own good and also that of their child.

Appendix A:
Letter of Permission to Conduct Research

Appendix B:
Endorsement Letter

Apppendix C:
Informed Consent Form
This informed consent is for a First time mother who experienced Postpartum Depression
around the province of Bulacan. We are inviting them to participate in our research entitled, “An
Exploration of the Postpartum Depression Behaviors among Select First time Mom: A Qualitative
Inquiry.”
Angelica Pagtaconan
Principal Investigator
Our Lady of Fatima University – Valenzuela Campus
This Informed Consent Form has two parts:
• Information Sheet (to share information about the study with you)
• Certificate of Consent (for signatures if you choose to participate)

Part 1: Information Sheet
Introduction
I, Angelica Pagtaconan together with my group mates are nursing students at Our Lady of Fatima
University - Valenzuela Campus. We are conducting research about “An Exploration of the Postpartum
Depression Behaviors among Select First time Mom: A Qualitative Inquiry.” We will give you the
specifics of the research and we are also inviting you to participate in it. This is voluntary and you are not
obligated to decide today, you will be given a time to think about this and feel free to talk to anyone on
how you feel about participating in our research. Me and my team will answer every question and clarify
if you are having trouble understanding difficult terminologies in our research.
Purpose of the research
The purpose of this research is to identify the changes and struggles of first time mothers after
giving birth. In addition to that, this study also aims to understand the hardships and dilemmas of mothers
who have been diagnosed with postpartum depression. Moreover, we also like to explore how they handle
their depression and anxiety especially when they are taking care of their child. Overall, the goal of this
study is to guide mothers in overcoming postpartum depression.
Type of Research Intervention
This research will involve your participation in a survey questionnaire that will take 45 minutes to
1 hour.
Participant Selection
You are being invited to take part in this study because you fit in the criteria of our research as a
first time mother who’s experiencing or who have been experiencing postpartum depression during

pregnancy and after pregnancy that you could enlighten us with some knowledge that could contribute to
this research.
Voluntary Participation
Your participation in this research study is voluntary. Participating will not affect your current job
(if you are working) or any school-related activities (if you are a student). If you choose to participate, all
the data that you were given will remain confidential .If you decided to back out, information you shared
will not be used.
Procedure
In this study, the researchers will conduct in-depth interviews. Due to the restriction of one-on-
one interviews, the data will be collected using an online platform like Google form to get a deeper
understanding of the nursing student experience. It consists of 20 open-ended questions designed to help
research to understand the physical and psychological well-being of first time mothers who experience
postpartum depression, after pregnancy. We are asking you to enlighten us about your own experiences
and thoughts after giving birth.
Duration
The research will be completed in the month of May 2023. Accomplishing these instruments will
require at least 45 minutes to 1 hour.
Risks
There is a risk that you may share some personal or confidential information by chance, or that
you may feel uncomfortable talking about some of the topics. However, we do not wish for this to happen.
You do not have to answer any question or take part in the survey if you feel the question(s) are too
personal or if talking about them makes you uncomfortable.

Benefits
There will be no direct benefits to you, but your participation is likely to help us understand more
about the knowledge, attitudes, and characters of First time mothers with Postpartum Depression, as well
as the physical and emotional issues they face, coping techniques, and family support.
Reimbursement
The respondents will be given an incentive worth 50 pesos thru GCash if you take part in the
study. This money is convertible to mobile data if you do not have Wi-Fi or a stable connection at home.
However, they will be given a token of appreciation as an expression of gratitude for being part of the
entire duration of the study.
Confidentiality
We will make sure that all of your information and insight are safe and all of the participants are
anonymous. We will also store a backup file of all your data just in case there will be an unexpected
incident such as deletion of data. All data are confidential. We decided to keep your data such as name
and age for 2 months after the completion of the study, If you accept, these are the following information
that you will provide:
• You will answer questions about your personal information (name and age).
• You will answer a questionnaire consisting of 20 items with the use of Google form.
• You may skip an item if you are not comfortable answering it.
• Collected data will be confidential and will be used for this study ONLY.

Sharing the results
Results of the study will be explained to you and a copy of the study may be given to the
participants when requested. Thus, in case publication will be required, it will be brought to their
knowledge and awareness and their approval for publication will be sought. However, confidential
information will not be shared.
Disposal of Data
The survey forms and interview recordings are to be kept strictly in one laptop and in one flash
drive for backup. This information will be kept only until the researcher’s final defense. All data that will
be collected, including signed consent forms and recordings, will be deleted immediately following the
completion of this study.
Right to refuse or withdraw
Being a part of this research is entirely voluntary. This research will not affect your job or school
performance. Also, you can end your participation anytime and we will give you a chance to review your
answers or statements.
Who to contact?
If you have any questions or concerns regarding the study, you can contact:
Angelica Pagtaconan - +639056580712 / apagtaconan@student.fatima.edu.ph
Althea Dominique R. Sagun - +639475602169 / arsagun@student.fatima.edu.ph
Ericka Jane V. Villanueva - +639567667487 / evvillanueva@student.fatima.edu.ph
Princess Joy M. Sagun - +639762075213 / pmsagun@student.fatima.edu.ph
Cyrelle Ann R. Reyes - +639260755653 / crreyes2@student.fatima.edu.ph

Jasmin R. Laudit - +639612948221 / jrlaudit2260val@student.fatima.edu.ph
Elizabeth Jean Marie R. Sevilla - +639683993420 / ersevilla1045val@student.fatima.edu.ph
Angelita A. Rodriguez, PhD; Chair
Our Lady of Fatima University-Institutional Ethics Review Committee;
281- 7664 or 283-9754 local 1204; ierc@fatima.edu.ph.
Our proposal was evaluated and approved by Our Lady of Fatima University - Institutional Ethics
Review Committee (OLFU-IERC), who will assure research participants’ safety.
Part 2: Certificate of Consent
I have been requested to participate in research about “An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression
Behaviors among Select First time Mom: A Qualitative Inquiry”. As I have read the consent form, I was
able to know the purpose and intention of the study. I am well informed that data gathering will be
through Google form and it is also confidential between me, the participant and the researchers. They
have also emphasized that I have the right to refuse and withdraw. I voluntarily participated in the study.
The final findings should then be presented to the panel, and the research content could likely be made
accessible to the university library in the future.

I have read the foregoing information, or it has been read to me. I have had the opportunity to ask
questions about it and any questions I have been asked have been answered to my satisfaction. I consent
voluntarily to be a participant in this study.
Print Name of Participant
Signature of Participant
Date
Day/month/year

Appendix D:
Ethics Approval

Appendix E:
Turnitin

Appendix F:
Semi-Structured Questionnaire
1. Magandang araw! Kumusta ka?
Good day, How are you today?
2. Kailan ang araw ng iyong kapanganakan? Ilang taon kana?

When is your birthday? How old are you?
3. Ilang taon ka na mula ng ikaw ay nagdadalang tao?

How old are you when you got pregnant?
4. Ano po mga pinagkakaabalahan niyo po itong mga nakaraan araw?

What are you busy with these past few days?
5. Ito ba ang iyong unang panganganak?

Is this your first delivery?
6. Paano mo masasabi na handa kana sa responsibilidad ng pagiging isang ina?

How can you tell that you are ready for the responsibility of being a mother?
7. Anong paghihirap at karanasan mo noong nagbubuntis ka po?

What difficulties and experiences did you have when you were pregnant?
8. Paano nyo po nararamdaman ang suporta ng inyong asawa at ng inyong pamilya

pagkatapos nyo po manganak?
How did you feel the support of you husband and your family after you give
birth?

9. Nakaranas po ba kayo ng kalungkutan o pag-iiba ng emosyon pagkatapos nyo po

manganak?
Have you experienced sadness or different emotions after giving birth?
10. Nang matapos ang iyong panganganak at lumipas na ang mga araw, nakakaramdam ka
ng pagbabago sa iyong emosyon, pisikal na pangangatawan. Mayroon ka bang
pinagsasabihan ng iyong mga problema o saloobin?
Did you feel some changes both physically and mentally, days after giving birth? Do you
have someone to share your problems or thoughts with?
11. Sinubukan mo bang magpa consulta sa pinakamalapit na clinic o hospital para sa iyong
karamdaman?
Have you tried consulting nearest clinics or hospitals for your condition?
12. Kailan mo napansin na nakaramdam ka na pala ng depresyon?
When did you notice that you were feeling depressed?
13. May iniinom ka ba ngayon na medisina?
Are you currently taking any medicine?
14. Ano ang mga alternatibong pamamaraan na ginagawa mo upang maiwasan ang
depresyon?
What alternative methods do you do to prevent depression?
15. Mayroon ba sa pamilya ninyo ang nagkaroon ng depresyon?

Has anyone in your family had depression?
16. Paano nakaapekto ang pagkakaroon mo ng depresyon sa pamumuhay mo bilang isang

ina?
How was having depression affected your life as a mother?

17. Anong ginawa mo ng malaman mo na nakaramdam kana ng depresyon?

What did you do when you realized you were feeling depressed?
18. Pwede mo ba idetalye kung ano mga sintomas ng iyong mga nararamdaman bago mo
nalaman na nakakaranas kana ng depresyon?
Can you elaborate what symptoms you were feeling before you knew you were
experiencing depression?
19. Paano nakatulong sayo ang pagkonsulta mo sa doktor at ang suporta na natatanggap mo
sa pamilya at kaibigan mo?
How does consulting your doctor and the support you received from your family and
friends helped you?
20. Bilang isang babae at ina na nakaranas ng ganitong uri ng sakit (Postpartum
Depression). Ano ang maipapayo mo sa kanila?
As a woman and a mother who experienced this type of condition (Postpartum
Depression). What advice would you give them?

Appendix G:
Repertory Grid
Major Themes Definition Significant Statement
Responsibility As a first-time mother, it is an act of P1 - “Before hindi ko pa alam

having a duty to provide their child's kasi first time kong magiging
food, clothing, and places to live, as well mommy pero noong pagkatapos
as safety and supervision. ko manganak doon ko na sya
narealized na kaya ko pala yung
mga responsibilidad, yung
pagaalaga, kayang pagsabayin
yung work tsaka yung pag
aalaga ng anak ko lalo na
ngayon na nag i-school na sya,
mas mahirap pero kaya naman”
L25 - 28
P6 - “Ano, yung pinanganak ko

yung anak ko kasi po kasama na
rin po sa responsibilidad yun
kapag nanganak kana kahit di ka
pa handa magiging handa ka.”
L28 - 29
P7 - “Talagang kailangan handa

kang magsabi sa pamilya mo
kasi kahit bago kamagkaanak,
kahit gaano mo sabihin na kaya
mo or stable yung mental health

mo para harapin yung

responsibilidad ng pagiging ina,
pag andun ka na, talagang
masheshaken siya or matetense
siya kasi iba talaga kapag
nandun ka na sa moment. Dapat
siguro handa kang maging open
sa nararamdama mo para hindi
matuloy sa hindi magandang
pangyayari. Yung feelings or
emotions mo napakahirap
talagang imanage ng emotions
lalo na kapag nanay ka kasi
hindi na lang ikaw yung iisipin
mo dahil may baby na umaasa
sayo. Sabi nga nila kapag
masaya ang nanay, mas
maaalagaan niya yung anak so
dapat talaga, selfish siguro sa
iba pakinggan pero dapat inuuna
din ng nanay yung sarili niya
para mabigay niya yung
pangangailangan ng anak niya.
So dapat ready ka sa ganon”
L100 - 110
P10 - “Siguro hmm, nagpakasal

kami nuong 23 years old ako
tapos na enjoy naman namin
buhay namin bilang mag-asawa.
Syempre financially stable na

naman kami kaya ayon nuong 27

ako naghanda na kaming magka
anak.” L26-28
P2 - “Ang advice ko is maging

Encourage Ability to give support and hope for
vocal kayo maging open kayo sa
those other first-time mothers that are
mga naeexperience niyo, at
also suffering and enduring postpartum
huwag kayong mahihiyang mag
depression.
seek ng advice, huwag kayong
mahiya na magsabi na ito na
pala yung pinagdadaanan niyo
lalo na sa relatives niyo at tsaka
sa pinaka malapit na tao sa inyo,
iba kasi parang kumbaga kapag
kinimkim mo siya iba na yung
magawa mo, meron kasi noon na
sinasabi nila na after manganak
nabaliw, yun pala nakaka
experience na pala siya ng
postpartum depression, kasi
hindi alam ng family nila kung
ano bang ibig sabihin non, kaya
maganda na maging informative
din sila sa kung ano yung
pinagdadaanan mo.” L87 - 93
P3 - “Kung para sa akin kapit ka

lang sa isang dahilan para
magpatuloy ka kasi yung lang

naman yung kailangan mo eh,

isang dahilan para patuloy na
makapag look forward ka, yung
isang dahilan lang na yun sa
kabila ng maraming dahilan
kung bakit kailangan mo ng
sumuko, tsaka palagi lang
magdasal kasi yun lang yung
makakatulong talaga yung
pananampalataya mo lang sa
Diyos.” L76 - 80
P6 - “Alagaan lagi ang sarili.

Wag magpapagod. Wag
magpapadala sa emosyon para
di na maranasan ang ganitong
sitwasyon.” L74 - 75
P7 - “Yung feelings or emotions

mo napakahirap talagang
imanage ng emotions lalo na
kapag nanay ka kasi hindi na
lang ikaw yung iisipin mo dahil
may baby na umaasa sayo. Sabi
nga nila kapag masaya ang
nanay, mas maaalagaan niya
yung anak so dapat talaga,
selfish siguro sa iba pakinggan
pero dapat inuuna din ng nanay

yung sarili niya para mabigay

niya yung pangangailangan ng
anak niya. So dapat ready ka sa
ganon.” L 105 - 110
P9 - “I think yun nga during

pregnancy talagang need na din
nilang pagusapan mag-asawa
yung mga possible pros and cons
during or after giving birth. And
then irready mo na rin talaga
and the support of your family
kailangan na kailangan yon.”
L111 - 113
P9 - “Ipaintindi mo na sa kanila
na normal lang iyon sayo. And of
course, most important ay sa
partner mo talaga kailangan
mong ipa embrace mo sa kaniya
yung mga pagbabago na
mangyayari sayo. Dapat
iparamdam niya na kasama mo
siya, na kasama mo siya during
that time after giving birth. Na
hindi lang supportive siya when
it comes to financial needs pero
dapat kasama siya-yung support
niya sa emotional mo.” L117 -
121

Support Support with family and friends to P1 - “Sa asawa ko, siya kasi
support and comfort them during their yung nagwowork non, simula
hard times, having supportive kasi nung nabuntis ako noon
relationships will be a great help to wala akong work non tumigil ako
increase their mental well-being. talaga kasi maselan nga yung
pagbubuntis ko, lagi akong
dinudugo, tapos hanggang 7
months yung baby namin, hindi
pa din ako nag wowork non, so
siya talaga yung sumusuporta ng
lahat ng financial na
pangangailangan, and then pa
umuuwi siya tumutulong siya sa
pag aalaga ng baby lalo na
puyatan pa noong mga panahon
na yon. Ayun sa family ko naman
lagi nila kaming binibisita doon
sa bahay namin, tumutulong din
silang mag alaga para makapag
pahinga ako kahit papano kasi
before ako lang talaga yung nag
aalaga non, wala talaga akong
katulong malayo yung mommy
ko, hiwalay na sila ng father ko,
kaya ayun mag isa lang.” L35 -
43
P2 - “Sa husband ko walang

problema, kasi mabait sobra

yung husband ko and yung family

ko. Nandyan naman sila naka
support palagi, simula nung
nagbuntis ako hanggang sa
manganak ako madali naman
silang mareach.” L34 - 36
P3 - “Sa pamilya nalang sila

yung naging sandalan ko talaga,
lalo na ako nalang mag isa nag
aalaga sa baby ko, kahalili ko
lalo sa madaling araw kapag
wala na talaga akong tulog.”
L33 - 35
P4 - “Yung pag-aalaga nila sa

akin kasi si Mommy talagang
tinutukan niya ko eh. Sa pagkain
man or sa ano eh nagpandemic
kaya magkakasama naman kaya
lagi nila ako napapasaya rin.”
L35 - 37
P5 - “Naranasan ko yung sa
pag-aalaga nila sa akin tas lagi
nandito yung partner ko samin
nag-aalaga rin, tumutulong din
sa pag-aalaga sa baby namin.”

L39 - 40
P7 - “Nung unang weeks, first to

second week nung nanganak ako
talagang nakaalalay sila kasi
walang tulog nun eh, yung puyat
grabe yung puyat non kasi si
baby kailangan bantayan every 2
hours yan dapat kakain.
Nakaalalay sila at pinapalitan
nila ko para may shifting yung
oras para nakakatulog ako
ganon.” L31 - 34
P10 - “Unang una sa lahat yung

asawa mo dapat yung number
one na susuporta sa iyo eh. yung
family mo, parents mo second
nalang sila eh pero mas
kailangan mo talaga yung asawa
mo. Asawa mo yung iintindi sa
iyo, kahit may anak kayo dapat
iparamdam niya na sayo na
mahalaga ka at mahal ka niya.
Tapos syempre emotionally
support, lagi ka niyang
tatanungin sa isang araw, oh
kumain ka na ba? anong
nararamdaman mo? pagod ka

ba? ayon, yung mga ano

kailangan mo talaga yung asawa
mo in every step of the way lalo
na kapag nanganak ka na kasi
emotionally hindi mo talaga
kakayanin kasi talagang ang
daming nawala sayo after mong
manganak kaya kailangan yung
asawa mo nandiyan talaga o
yung partner mo para sayo in
every step of the ways.” L109 -
117
P2 - “Ang ginawa ko noon is

Trust It represents their belief in themselves to
sinasabi ko lahat sa husband ko
properly manage their situation and to
kapag may nangyayari sa akin
look forward to something that will
na parang kakaiba, and then
benefit their own good and also that of
humihingi ako ng advice sa
their child.
asawa ko kasi parang full of
wisdom siya and yun yung
tinetake ko para macope ko yung

postpartum depression.” L55 -

57
P2 - “Ang advice ko is maging

vocal kayo maging open kayo sa
mga naeexperience niyo, at
huwag kayong mahihiyang mag
seek ng advice, huwag kayong
mahiya na magsabi na ito na
pala yung pinagdadaanan niyo
lalo na sa relatives niyo at tsaka
sa pinaka malapit na tao s ainyo,
iba kasi parang kumbaga kapag
kinimkim mo siya iba na yung
magawa mo, meron kasi noon na
sinasabi nila na after manganak
nabaliw, yun pala nakaka
experience na pala siya ng
postpartum depression, kasi
hindi alam ng family nila kung
ano bang ibig sabihin non, kaya
maganda na maging informative
din sila sa kung ano yung
pinagdadaanan mo.” L87 - 93
P5 - “Yun nilalabas ko siya sa

pinsan ko kung ano mga
nararamdaman ko. Then, yung
partner ko rin.” L62 - 63

P7 - “Unang una siguro ano,

sinabi ko sa husband ko talaga
kung ano yung nararamdaman
ko kasi mahirap kung
sasarilinin ko siya lalo nga at
may baby ako kasi nakakaapekto
din yung nararamdaman ko sa
katawan ko. Talagang nagsabi
agad ako sa asawa ko.” L82 - 84
P7 - “Talagang kailangan handa

kang magsabi sa pamilya mo
kasi kahit bago kamagkaanak,
kahit gaano mo sabihin na kaya
mo or stable yung mental health
mo para harapin yung
responsibilidad ng pagiging ina,
pag andun ka na, talagang
masheshaken siya or matetense
siya kasi iba talaga kapag
nandun ka na sa moment. Dapat
siguro handa kang maging open
sa nararamdama mo para hindi
matuloy sa hindi magandang
pangyayari. Yung feelings or
emotions mo napakahirap
talagang imanage ng emotions
lalo na kapag nanay ka kasi
hindi na lang ikaw yung iisipin
mo dahil may baby na umaasa

sayo.” L100 - 107
P8 - “Yung asawa ko kapag ano

bago matulog nakakapagusap
kami, pag pagod na ko ikaw
naman ganon.” L39 - 40
P9 - “One of my close friend sa

kaniya ko nasasabi yung mga
hindi ko nasasabi kay husband.
Ewan ko epekto na rin ata ng
panganganak ay hindi ako gaano
naging open sa kaniya.” L65 -
67
P10 - “So ayon nakipagusap ako

sa asawa ko, naintindihan niya
naman kasi nurse din naman
siya. Tapos sa family, siguro ano
nalang emotional support sa
mama ko kasi sinabi ko na hindi
ko na kaya kasi parang gusto ko
na magpakamatay noon. Kasi
parang naubos lahat ng meron
ako sa buhay ko na parang back
to zero ako nuong nagkaanak ko.
Sabi ng mama ko ganon talaga,
kailangan mo lakasan ang loob
tapos lagi niya na akong

kinakausap kasi sinabi ko sa

kaniya na naddepress na ako
kasi actually buntis pa lang ako
na ddepress na ako. Sa
kalagayan ko pa before, lagi na
akong kinakausap ng nanay ko
hanggang sa maging maayos na
ako. Pati asawa ko sinuportahan
niya yung mga gusto ko.”
L98 - 106

Appendix H:
Transcription
Participant #1
1. I:Mapag palang araw, Ako po si Althea Dominique Sagun at kami ay nasa ikatlong level na sa
1. kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University - Lungsod ng
2. Valenzuela. Ako ang naatasang kumuha ng inyong panayam para sa mga sumusunod na
3. tanong. Ang pamagat ng pag-aaral na ito ay “An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression
4. Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother: A Qualitative Inquiry” Bago natin simulan ang
5. interbyu na ito nais kong ipakilala ang aking mga miyembro kabilang na rito ang aming
6. Punong taga pag- imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi (Ericka
7. Villanueva, Princess Joy Sagun, Cyrelle Reyes, Elizabeth Sevilla, at Jasmin Laudit). Ang
8. interbyu na ito ay magsisilibing bahagi ng aming requirements sa Nursing Research 2.
9. Makakaasa kayo na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para sa pag-aaral
10. na ito’y mananatiling kumpidensyal at hindi gagamitin sa labas ng unibersidad ng
11. research team. Ikinagagalak namin kayong makasama
12. I: Nakapag sagot na ba kayo ng aming Consent Form?
13. P: Yes.
14. I: Magandang araw! Kumusta ka?
15. P: Okay naman.
16. I: Kailan ang araw ng iyong kapanganakan?
17. P: March 20, 1999

18. I: Ilang taon ka na mula ng ika’y nagdadalang tao?
19. P: 21 years old.
20. I: Ano mga pinagkakaabalahan niyo itong mga nakaraan araw?
21. P: Busy sa work tsaka sa pag aalaga ng baby ko.
22. I: Ito ba ang iyong unang panganganak?
23. P: Yes
24. I : Paano mo masasabi na handa kana sa responsibilidad ng pagiging isang ina?
25. P: Before hindi ko pa alam kasi first time kong magiging mommy pero noong pagkatapos
26. ko manganak doon ko na sya narealized na kaya ko pala yung mga responsibilidad, yung
27. pagaalaga, kayang pagsabayin yung work tsaka yung pag aalaga ng anak ko lalo na ngayon
28. na nag i-school na sya, mas mahirap pero kaya naman.
29. I: Anong paghihirap at karanasan mo noong nagbubuntis ka?
30. P: Actually madami, medyo maselan noon ang pagbubuntis ko, lagi akong dinudugo,
31. palagi akong umiinom ng pampakapit, tapos sobrang emotional ko talaga, kahit hindi ako
32. pwede ng kape iiyak talaga ako kasi gusto kong magkape, ganun.
33. I: Paano nyo nararamdaman ang suporta ng inyong asawa at ng inyong pamilya
34. pagkatapos niyo manganak?
35. P: Sa asawa ko, siya kasi yung nagwowork non, simula kasi nung nabuntis ako noon wala
36. akong work non tumigil ako talaga kasi maselan nga yung pagbubuntis ko, lagi akong
37. dinudugo, tapos hanggang 7 months yung baby namin, hindi pa din ako nag wowork non,

38. so siya talaga yung sumusuporta ng lahat ng financial na pangangailangan, and then pa
39. umuuwi siya tumutulong siya sa pag aalaga ng baby lalo na puyatan pa noong mga
40. panahon na yon. Ayun sa family ko naman lagi nila kaming binibisita doon sa bahay
41. namin, tumutulong din silang mag alaga para makapag pahinga ako kahit papano kasi
42. before ako lang talaga yung nag aalaga non, wala talaga akong katulong malayo yung
43. mommy ko, hiwalay na sila ng father ko, kaya ayun mag isa lang.
44. I: Nakaranas po ba kayo ng kalungkutan o pag-iiba ng emosyon pagkatapos nyo po
45. manganak?
46. .P: Oo sobra, ano yun eh noong buntis ako non, may problema kami ng asawa ko, so
47. simula pa non iyak na ako ng iyak lagi, so ayun hindi ko na ide-detail yung problema pero
48. basta may problema kami, and then hanggang noong nanganak na ako medyo naging okay
49. naman kami, pero after non parang nag i-stay padin yung emotion na kapag ako nalang
50. mag isa, or kapag kaming dalawa nalang, bigla nalang akong iiyak, ganun yung mga
51. naranasan ko noon, pero kapag binibisita naman ako ng family ko nagiging okay naman
52. ako.
53. .I: Nang matapos ang iyong panganganak at lumipas na ang mga araw, nakakaramdam ka
54. ng pagbabago sa iyong emosyon, pisikal na pangangatawan. Mayroon ka bang
55. pinagsasabihan ng iyong mga problema o saloobin?
56. .P: Pagkatapos kong manganak, medyo chubby kasi talaga ako eh, pagkatapos kong
57. manganak doon ako pumayat ng sobra kasi parang nakakalimutan ko ng kumain kahit

58. uminom ng tubig, naka focus lang talaga ako sa baby ko, kapag di pa ako sasabihan ng
59. mga tita ko na “kumain ka na ba?” doon kolang maaalala na hindi pa pala ako kumain,
60. kaya sobrang pumayat ako non, tapos breastfeeding pa ako kaya yun yung napansin ko,
61. and then sobrang dalas ng headache, yung headache ang tagal non, di siya nawawala na
62. kapag sumakit mamaya wala na, parang mga 1 week bago siya mawala, tapos sobrang
63. sakit talaga parang nakakasuka na yung sakit.
64. I: Sinubukan mo bang magpa consulta sa pinakamalapit na clinic o hospital para sa iyong
65. karamdaman?
66. .P: Hindi eh.
67. I: Kailan mo napansin na nakaramdam ka na pala ng depresyon?
68. P:Actually simula palang yun noong nagbubuntis ako, pero hindi ko nalang pinansin inisip
69. ko nalang na matatapos din yun, at tsaka isa pa kasi na reason ko wala din kasi akong pera
70. non kasi hindi ako nag tatrabaho, tapos ano pa may problema pa kami noon ng asawa ko,
71. kaya hindi ko naman masabi sakanya na kailangan ko magpa gamot ganyan, so ayun kaya
72. hindi na rin ako nakapag pa consult sa doctor.
73. .I: May iniinom ka ba ngayon na medisina?
74. P: Ngayon, wala. Kapag may sakit lang ganun pero ngayon wala naman.
75. .I: Ano ang mga alternatibong pamamaraan na ginagawa mo upang maiwasan ang
76. depresyon?
77. .P: Naalala ko kasi noon, ang ginagawa ko nililibang ko kasi yung sarili ko sa pag aalaga

78. ng bata, yung feel mo kasi na kapag first time mom ka, kapag nakikita mo si baby parang
79. ang saya saya mo na, ayun tapos parang nagbabasa ako ng mga stories ng mga true story
80. na galing sa mga ibang tao na, yung mga inspirational na nalalagpasan nila yung mga
81. ganun, tapos palagi ko lang iniimbita yung mga pamilya ko na puntahan nila ako, tapos
82. pumupunta naman sila.
83. .I: Mayroon ba sa pamilya ninyo ang nagkaroon ng depresyon?
84. P: Sa pagkaka alam ko wala.
85. I: Paano nakaapekto ang pagkakaroon mo ng depresyon sa pamumuhay mo bilang isang
86. ina?
87. .P: Sa ngayon kasi medyo okay na ako, nakakaya ko na syang pagsabayin, pero before ang
88. hirap talagang kumilos, parang wala kang ganang gawin kahit anong bagay sa buong araw,
89. pero kapag umiyak na kasi yung baby mo wala ka ng magagawa talagang mag a-attend ka
90. sa needs niya. Yun yung pinaka napansin ko na napagdaanan ko, wala akong ganang
91. kumilos parang wala namang sense yung paggising ko sa umaga bukod sa baby ko ayun.
92. I: Anong ginawa mo ng malaman mo na nakaramdam kana ng depresyon?
93. P: Una kong ginawa, ahmm kasi hindi talaga pumasok sa isip ko nung unang-una na
94. magpatingin sa doctor eh, naiisip ko siya pero kasi wala akong needs na mapatingin nung
95. time na yun, bale ano nalang kinukumbinsi ko lang yung sarili ko na matatapos din yun,
96. kumbaga nilalakasan ko nalang din yung loob ko, ayun kasi nga ako lang mag isa nag
97. aalaga sa baby ko, wala pong ibang kakapitan kung hindi sarili ko.

98. .I: Pwede mo ba detalye kung ano mga sintomas ng iyong mga nararamdaman bago mo
99. nalaman nanakakaranas kana ng depresyon?
100. P: Unang una, yung pagpayat ko talaga ng sobra, kasi chubby talaga ako eh, pumayat
101. talaga ako non
102. after, tapos yung sa sakit nga ng ulo na hindi agad lagi nawawala, tapos umiiyak nalang
103. talaga ako, kapag ako nalang mag isa.
104. I: Paano nakatulong sayo ang pagkonsulta mo sa doktor at ang suporta na natatanggap
105. mo sa pamilya at kaibigan mo?
106. P: Ayun po syempre kasi kapag may kasama ka nakakalimutan mo yung problema, kasi
107. may kakwentuhan. Tsaka sinasabihan din nila ako na lakasan ko lang yung loob ko, na
108. magiging okay din yan makakahanap din ako ng trabaho, ganun.
109. I: Bilang isang babae at ina na nakaranas ng ganitong uri ng sakit (Postpartum
110. Depression). Ano ang maipapayo mo sa kanila?
111. P: Ayun unang una magpatingin sila sa doctor kasi ang hirap labanan mag isa ng
112. depression.
113. I: Dito na nagtatapos ang aming interbyu, at kung may mga ilang katanungan pa kaming
114. nais itanong sa mga susunod, makakaasa kayo na maari namin kayong kontakin sa
115. numero na iyong binigay. Maraming salamat sa pagpartisipasyon.

Participant #2
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako si Althea Dominique Sagun at kami ay nasa ikatlong level na
2. sa kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University - Lungsod ng
7. Punong taga pag-imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi (Ericka
10. Makakaasa kayo na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para sa pag-aaral na ito
11. ay mananatiling kumpidensyal at hindi gagamitin sa labas ng unibersidad ng research team.
12. Ikinagagalak namin kayong makasama
14. P: Yes tapos na
16. P: Mabuti naman.
18. P: October 17, 1992
19. I: Ilang taon ka na mula ng ikaw ay nagdadalang tao?
22. P: Busy sa work kasi sa airline ako nagtatrabaho.
24. P: Yes, first baby ko palang.
25. I: Paano mo masasabi na handa kana sa responsibilidad ng pagiging isang ina?
26. P: Siguro yung age ko, kumbaga prinepare ko muna kung anong age ako magkakaroon ng

27. anak and then yung financial status.

29. P: Yung naging struggle ko noon is yung nagkaroon kasi ako noon ng highblood and then
30. nagkaroon din ako ng GDM, so kumbaga yung mga gusto kong kainin hindi ko magawa, kasi
31. nagkaroon ako ng Gestational Diabetes.

32. .I: Paano nyo nararamdaman ang suporta ng inyong asawa at ng inyong pamilya pagkatapos
33. niyo manganak?
34. P: Sa husband ko walang problema, kasi mabait sobra yung husband ko and yung family ko.
35. andyan naman sila naka support palagi, simula nung nagbuntis ako hanggang sa manganak
36. ako madali naman silang mareach.
37. I: Nakaranas po ba kayo ng kalungkutan o pag-iiba ng emosyon pagkatapos nyo po manganak?
38. P: Yes, as in siguro mga 8 months or hanggang 8 months yung baby ko naexperience ko siya.
39. I: Nang matapos ang iyong panganganak at lumipas na ang mga araw, nakakaramdam ka ng
40. pagbabago sa iyong emosyon, pisikal na pangangatawan. Mayroon ka bang pinagsasabihan
41. ng iyong mga problema o saloobin?
42. P: Oo madami, as in. Yung sa physical, parang ang hirap na ibalik noong dati kong katawan
43. kasi payat ako noon. Tapos syempre alam naman na kapag nagka baby kana may mga parts
44. na ng body mo na maitim na kaya ayun parang ang hirap na niyang maibalik.
46. karamdaman?
47. P: Hindi po.
49. P: Napansin ko noon, kasi iba yung ugali ko noong hindi pa ako nagbubuntis kesa noong
50. nagbuntis ako tsaka noong nanganak ako pero mas worst noong nanganak ako kasi nag iba
51. pati yung the way ako magalit, yung the way ako umiyak, ganun mas naging emotional ako.
52. I: May iniinom ka ba ngayon na medisina?
53. P: Wala naman mga vitamins lang. Vitamins ko is fish oil lang yun lang.

54. I: Ano ang mga alternatibong pamamaraan na ginagawa mo upang maiwasan ang depresyon?
55. P: Ang ginawa ko noon is sinasabi ko lahat sa husband ko kapag may nangyayari sa akin na
56. parang kakaiba, and then humihingi ako ng advice sa asawa ko kasi parang full of wisdom
57. siya and yun yung tinetake ko para macope ko yung postpartum depression.
58. I: Mayroon ba sa pamilya ninyo ang nagkaroon ng depresyon?

59. P: Wala akong alam pero hindi lang ako sure kung postpartum depression ba yung nangyari
60. sa sister- in-law ko kasi naging emotional din siya ganun.
61. I: Paano nakaapekto ang pagkakaroon mo ng depresyon sa pamumuhay mo bilang isang ina?
62. P: Nakaapekto siya dito sa loob ng bahay kasi parang palagi akong tinatamad, tapos pag sa
63. work walaakong ganang mag trabaho, may times pa nga na nasa work ako tapos buong
64. maghapon lang akong umiiyak, nagawa kong lakarin mula office hanggang MOA umiiyak
65. lang ako noon. Ayun ganun yung naexperience ko noon, tapos ayun may times na tinawagan
66. ko yung husband ko noon, sinasabi ko na parang di ko na kaya ganun gusto ko ng tumalon
67. noon sa bridge, ayun ganun yung naging experience ko noon sa loob ng 8 months.
69. P: Sinabi ko lang sa husband ko, naging open lang ako hindi ko siya kinimkim kasi kapag
70. kinimkim ko lang siya sa sarili ko hindi ko kaya, kailangan ko talaga ng mapagsasabihan na
71. mapagkakatiwalaan which is yung husband ko.
72. I: Pwede mo bang idetalye kung ano mga sintomas ng iyong mga nararamdaman bago mo
73. nalaman na nakakaranas kana ng depresyon?
74. P: Noong una matindi ako magalit eh, naranasan ko na ngang muntikan ko na mabasag yung
75. bago sa sobrang inis ko na hindi ko naman ginagawa dati yun tapos palagi akong nagdadabog
76. kapag kahit sobrang liit lang na nagawa mo sa akin naiinis na ako, nagkaroon din ako noon
77. ng insecurities and naging low yung self esteem ko.
78. I: Paano nakatulong sayo ang pagkonsulta mo sa doktor at ang suporta na natatanggap mo sa
79. pamilya at kaibigan mo?
80. P: Maganda kasi na sinasabi mo sakanila kung ano yung pinagdadaanan mo atleast sensitive

81. sila sa kung paano ka nila iapproach, kasi kunyari ganito pala yung naexperience ko baka
82. isipin nila nag iinarte lang ako diba, lahat naman ata ng tao sa paligid ko iilan lang ang
83. nakakaalam ng postpartum, and yung mga matatanda dito sa amin hindi nila alam kung ano
84. yung ibig sabihin non, kaya dapt maging open ka sa mga naeexperience mo para alam nila
85. kung paano ka nila kakausapin.

88. P: Ang advice ko is maging vocal kayo maging open kayo sa mga naeexperience niyo, at
89. huwag kayong mahihiyang mag seek ng advice, huwag kayong mahiya na magsabi na ito na
90. pala yung pinagdadaanan niyo lalo na sa relatives niyo at tsaka sa pinaka malapit na tao
91. sainyo, iba kasi parang kumbaga kapag kinimkim mo siya iba na yung magawa mo, meron
92. kasi noon na sinasabi nila na after manganak nabaliw, yun pala nakaka experience na pala
93. siya ng postpartum depression, kasi hindi alam ng family nila kung ano bang ibig sabihin non,
94. kaya maganda na maging informative din sila sa kung ano yung pinagdadaanan mo.
95. .I: Dito na nagtatapos ang aming interbyu, at kung may mga ilang katanungan pa kaming

Participant #3
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako si Althea Dominique Sagun at kami ay nasa ikatlong level na sa
2. kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University - Lungsod ng
7. Punong taga pag-imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi (Ericka
10. Makakaasa kayo na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para sa pag-aaral na ito
12. Ikinagagalak namin kayong makasama
14. P: Yes.
16. P: Okay lang naman.
18. P: May 19, 2000
20. P: 20 years old po.
21. I: Ano po mga pinagkakaabalahan niyo po itong mga nakaraang araw?
22. P: Live Streamig lang
24. P: Nope, nakunan na kasi ako.
26. P: Simula nung nagbubuntis palang ako.


28. P: Yung stress tsaka yung depression, Pag buntis ka talaga iba yung emotions mo, parang
29. mababaw na dahilan iiyak ka, mababaw na dahilan tawa ka din, iba yung moodswings kapag
30. nasa pagbubuntis.
31. I: Paano nyo nararamdaman ang suporta ng inyong asawa at ng inyong pamilya pagkatapos
32. niyo manganak?
33. P: Wala doon sa partner, sa pamilya nalang sila yung naging sandalan ko talaga, lalo na ako
34. nalang mag isa nag aalaga sa baby ko, kahalili ko lalo sa madaling araw kapag wala na talaga
35. akong tulog.
36. I: Nakaranas ba kayo ng kalungkutan o pag-iiba ng emosyon pagkatapos nyo po manganak?
37. P: Opo, sobra. Kahit hanggang ngayon.
41. P: Oo sobra lalo na CS kasi ako. Sa katawan tsaka sa tiyan, sa itsura since syempre puyat
42. pagod sa pag aalaga ganun diskarte nalang din para sa baby ko, sa emosyon naman, ayun mas
43. lalong nadagdagan yung pagiging stress ko.
44. I:Sinubukan mo bang magpa consulta sa pinakamalapit na clinic o hospital para sa iyong
45. karamdaman?
46. P: Hindi po, parang kasi sa pinas mahal din eh hindi kaya ng budget if ever.
48. P:Noong buntis palang ako, since nung lagi ako naiiwan ng partner ko sa baby ko, iba na
49. yung stress na dala dala ko noon tsaka mas madalas sinusubuan na ako noon.
51. P: Multivitamins and sa nerves
53. P: Focus lang talaga ako sa baby ko iniisip ko nalang din na mas kailangan ako ng baby ko

54. kesa sakailangan ko siya.

56. P: Karamihan sa mga pinsan kong babae na nakaranas na din ng ganito mga broken family
57. din sa mga partners nila tsaka trauma.
59. P: Mas madalas akong panghinaan ng loob, tsaka dumadating din sa point na gusto ko nalang
60. tapusinyung buhay ko kasi parang napapagod na din ako sa pagiging ina at sa pagiging anak
61. na din.
63. P: Talagang kumapit lang ako lalo sa faith ko kay God kasi yun lang naman talaga
64. makakatulong sa akin eh tsaka unwind unwind lang.
65. I: Pwede mo bang idetalye kung ano mga sintomas ng iyong mga nararamdaman bago mo
66. nalama na nakakaranas kana ng depresyon?
67. P: Hindi lang sa buong araw ako nakakaramdam ng kalungkutan umaabot siya ng months,
68. then ayun unti unti kinakain na ako ng pagiging moody ko the nag a-isolate na ako then nag
69. lelead na din sa pag aattempt ng suicide.
70. . I: Paano nakatulong sayo ang pagkonsulta mo sa doktor at ang suporta na natatanggap mo sa
72. P: Ayun syempre kahit papano naeenlighten ako, tsaka gumagaan loob ko kapag nakakapag
73. labas ako ng sama ng loob ko sa mga araw na hindi ko na kaya bitbitin yung bigat ng
74. pakiramdam ko.
75. .I: Bilang isang babae at ina na nakaranas ng ganitong uri ng sakit (Postpartum
77. P: Kung para sa akin kapit ka lang sa isang dahilan para magpatuloy ka kasi yung lang
78. naman yung kailangan mo eh, isang dahilan para patuloy na makapag look forward ka, yung
79. isang dahilan lang na yun sa kabila ng maraming dahilan kung bakit kailangan mo ng
80. sumuko, tsaka palagi lang magdasal kasi yun lang yung makakatulong talaga yung

81. pananampalataya mo lang sa Diyos.

82. I: Dito na po nagtatapos ang aming interbyu, at kung may mga ilang katanungan pa kaming
83. nais itanong sa mga susunod, makakaasa kayo na maari namin kayong kontakin savnumero
84. na iyong binigay. Maraming salamat sa pagpartisipasyon.

Participant #4
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako po si Althea Dominique Sagun at kami ay nasa ikatlong
2. Level na sa kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima
3. University - Lungsod ng Valenzuela. Ako ang naatasang kumuha ng inyong panayam
4. para sa mga sumusunod na tanong.
5. Ang pamagat ng pag-aaral na ito ay “An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression
6. Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother: A Qualitative Inquiry” Bago natin simulan
7. ang interbyu na ito nais kong ipakilala ang aking mga miyembro kabilang na rito ang
8. aming Punong taga pag-imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi
9. (Ericka Villanueva, Princess Joy Sagun, Cyrelle Reyes, Elizabeth Sevilla, at Jasmin
10. Laudit). Ang interbyu na ito ay magsisilibing bahagi ng aming requirements sa Nursing
11. Research 2. Makakaasa po kayo na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para sa
12. pag-aaral na ito ay mananatiling kumpidensyal at hindi gagamitin sa labas ng unibersidad
13. ng research team.
14. Ikinagagalak po namin kayong makasama.
15. I: Nakapag sagot na po ba kayo ng aming Consent Form?
16. P: Yes po.
18. P: Okay lang naman, medyo naging busy kasi may face-to-face class na ulit.
20. P: January 03, 2000
23. I: Ano po mga pinagkakaabalahan niyo po itong mga nakaraan araw?
24. P: Ngayon po school work lang tapos taga-alaga nga sa baby.
26. P: Yes po.
28. P: Ano, di ko masasabi na kaya ko na kasi wala naman ako ganon na experience kasi
29. “first time” nga lang pero hangga’t maaari naman ay kinakaya naman kasi napag-aaralan
30. naman or nakakasanayan.

31. I: Anong paghihirap at karanasan mo noong nagbubuntis ka po?

32. P: Ahm… financial saka kung paano sasabihin sa side ng partner ko
33. I: Paano nyo po nararamdaman ang suporta ng inyong asawa at ng inyong pamilya
34. pagkatapos niyo po manganak?
35. P: Yung pag-aalaga nila sa akin kasi si Mommy talagang tinutukan niya ko eh. Sa
36. pagkain man or sa ano eh nagpandemic kaya magkakasama naman kaya lagi nila ako
37. napapasaya rin.
39. manganak?
40. P: Meron, noong first three (3) months. Maiiyak ka nalang talaga kasi laging puyat tapos
41. may schoolwork kasi nga may klase pa nga and online class, Ganun.
42. I: Nang matapos ang iyong panganganak at lumipas na ang mga araw, nakakaramdam ka
45. P: Sa physical lang, naglalagas yung, maano yung ano ko, talagang “super” yung
46. naranasan ko hanggang ngayon. Saka masakit yung likod. Yun lang.
48. karamdaman?
49. P: Ano, Hindi kasi kaya naman saka ano wala ring time.
51. P: Hindi ko masasabi na ano “depressed or depression” yung nararanasan ko kasi yung
52. time nay un, ano hindi ko naman sinasaktan yung sarili ko or hindi naman ako nananakit
53. ng kahit sino.
55. P: Wala po, ano lang vitamins ganun.
56. I: Ano ang mga alternatibong pamamaraan na ginagawa mo upang maiwasan ang
57. depresyon?
58. P: Ano lang mag-enjoy lang kasi di mo naman maiiwasan maging malungkot kaya
59. gagawan mo talaga ng paraan para di ka kainin ng lungkot mo. Kaya mag-enjoy ka
60. nalang rin.

62. P: Wala pero kasi di naman kasi kami open. Kaya di rin namin alam pero ngayon wala.
64. ina?
65. P: Ano, wala ako sagot dito.
67. P: Kapag nararamdaman ko na yun tinutulog ko nalang kasi need magpahinga.
68. I: Pwede mo ba detalye kung ano mga sintomas ng iyong mga nararamdaman bago mo
70. P: Yung ano “hair fall” lang talaga.
71. I: Paano nakatulong sayo ang pagkonsulta mo sa doktor at ang suporta na natatanggap mo
72. sa pamilya at kaibigan mo?
73. P: Ano, malaking tulong siyempre kasi diba kapag malungkot ka tapos pagod ka sila
74. yung nagbibigay ng lakas sayo para maging masaya ka para makaya mo yung bawat
75. araw na tatahakin mo kasama sila.
78. P: Ano, hindi mo kailangan na isagad yung sarili mo na kailangan mo rin maging health
79. saka wag kang mahiya kumausap ng iba para masabihan ng problema or nararamdaman
80. mo.
81. I: Dito na po nagtatapos ang aming interbyu, at kung may mga ilang katanungan pa
82. kaming nais itanong sa mga susunod, makakaasa po kayo na maari po namin kayong
83. kontakin sa numero na iyong binigay. Maraming salamat po sa pagpartisipasyon.

Participants #5
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako po si Althea Dominique Sagun at kami ay nasa ikatlong level
2. na sa kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University –
3. Lungsod ng Valenzuela. Ako ang naatasang kumuha ng inyong panayam para sa mga
4. sumusunod na tanong.
6. Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother: A Qualitative Inquiry” Bago natin simulant
8. aming Punong taga pag-imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi
16. P: Yes po.
18. P: Okay naman po.
20. P: September 13, 2000
22. P: 20 years old po.
24. P: Yung mga client meetings ko sa work, then, nag bukas din kami ng parang printing
saka xerox na business.
26. P: Oo
28. P: Ahm… masasabi ko na handa na ko kasi ahm… kaya ko ng mag sacrificed
29. ng mga bagay like kunyari yung pag-aaral ko na sacrificed ko siya kasi nag stop ako one

30. (1) year kasi nga ahm… na buntis ako. So, yun nag stop ako pero pinagpatuloy ko naman
31. siya pero mas inuna ko kasi yung priority ko.
33. P: Yung pinaka-nahirapan ako is yung ano, pag-oconfessed ko sa parents ko. Kung paano
34. ko siya sinabi. Inuna ko muna kasi sa mother ko tas yung mother ko nalang yung nagsabi
35. sa father ko, then, yung una di rin talaga nila maano ma-process talaga kasi ahm… akala
36. nila, basta mataas yung expectation nila sa akn talaga eh.
37. I:Paano nyo po nararamdaman ang suporta ng inyong asawa at ng inyong pamilya
39. P: naranasan ko yung sa pag-aalaga nila sa akin tas lagi nandito yung partner ko
40. samin nag-aalaga rin, tumutulong din sa pag-aalaga sa baby namin.
42. manganak?
43. P: Ah, opo. Nakaranas.
47. P: Opo, nakaranas din naman po ako ng kalungkutan. Then, yung sa physical naman is
48. tumaba rin talaga ako nun kasi parang tinusukan rin ako nang, nang “family
49. planning” yung injectables ba yun? Yun nakapagpataba siya.
50. I: Meron po ba kayo napagsasabihan ng saloobin?
51. P: Meron yung pinsan ko na babae. Then, na advice niya na sabihin ko na rin sa partner
52. ko, yun.
54. karamdaman?
55. P: Hindi
57. P: Parang five (5) days after ko manganak. Oo ganun mga five(5) days.
59. P: Mga ano lang, vitamins.

61. depresyon?
62. P: Yun nilalabas ko siya sa pinsan ko kung ano mga nararamdaman ko. Then,
63. yung partner ko rin. Nagbabasa basa rin ako ng libro. Sa mga “wattpad” ganun.
65. P: Wala pa.
66. I: Paano nakaapekto ang pagkakaroon mo ng depresyon sa pamumuhay mo bilang
67. isang ina?
68. P: Ahm… ano, hindi ako masyado nakakapag-focus sa mga ginagawa ko. Yun,
69. then, nag-worry din ako lagi. Kung kakayanin ko ba? Kung magiging mabuti ba
70. akong ina?
72. P: Ayun, nilalabas ko siya sa pinsan ko nga. Kinu-kwento ko siya sa pinsan ko.
75. P: Nalulungkot ako minsan umiiyak ako ng madaling-araw. Then, nag-woworry
76. tas ayoko rin nakikipag-socialized. Yung para bang ano, ayoko lumabas kasi
77. nahihiya ako ganun.
78. I: Paano nakatulong sayo ang pagkonsulta mo sa doktor at ang suporta na natatanggap
79. mo sa pamilya at kaibigan mo?
80. P: Nakatulong siya kasi ahm… nung para di mo na siya masyado dinadamdam.
81. Nakikipag-socialized na ko, ganun taposdi na rin ako masyado nag-worry kasi
82. nakauporta naman sila.
83. I: Bilang isang babae at ina na nakaranas ng ganitong uri ng sakit
84. (Postpartum Depression). Ano ang maipapayo mo sa kanila?
85. P: Wag nila ano, sarilihin yung nararamdaman nila dapat meron sila
86. napagsasabihan or napag-kwentuhan dapat maghanap sila na ibang hobby
87. na pwedeng makapaglibang-libang.

Respondent #6:
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako si Althea Dominique Sagun at kami ay nasa ikatlong level
2. na sa kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University –
3. Lungsod ng Valenzuela. Ako ang naatasang kumuha ng inyong panayam para sa mga
4. sumusunod na tanong.
6. Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother: A Qualitative Inquiry” Bago natin simulant
8. aming Punong taga pag-imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasap
10. Laudit). Ang interbyu na ito ay magsisilibing bahagi ng aming requirements sa Nursin
14. I: Ikinagagalak po namin kayong makasama.
16. P: Yes po.
20. P: July 04, 2000
24. P: School po saka nagtatrabaho.
26. P: Opo.
28. P: Ano, yung pinanganak ko yung anak ko kasi po kasama na rin po sa
29. responsibilidad yun kapag nanganak kana kahit di ka pa handa magiging handa ka.

31. P: Yung ano po, “morning sickness”. Ano, yung mga ano po mga senyales na
32. buntis ka po. Mga ganun po.
35. P: Ayun po, tinutulungan po nila ako sa pag-aalaga sa baby ko ngayon tapos
36. sinusuportahan niya ko sa mga gusto ko pong gawin ganun.
38. manganak?
39. P: Opo, madalas po magbago yung mood ko mabilis po ako mainis.
43. P: Opo dahil din po sa puyat sa pag-aalaga ng baby, namamayat po ganun.
44. I: Meron po ba kayo napagsasabihan problema or saloobin?
45. P: Opo, meron naman po.
46. I: Sinubukan mo bang magpa consulta sa pinakamalapit na clinic o hospital para
47. sa iyong karamdaman?
48. P: Hindi po.
50. P: Mga first (1) week po pagkatapos ko po manganak. Mga isang (1) buwan ganun.
52. P: Wala na.
53. I: Ano po ang mga alternatibong pamamaraan na ginagawa mo upang maiwasan ang
54. depresyon?
55. P: Ano po, ginugugol ko po sa pag-aaral po saka minsan nagwowork din.
57. P: Wala pa naman po.
58. I: Paano nakaapekto ang pagkakaroon mo ng depresyon sa pamumuhay mo bilang
59. isang ina?
60. P: Yun po, mabilis nga po ako magalit tas mainis, mabilis mabago yung mood ko.

62. P: Ano po, shinishare ko po sa iba yung problema ko para mawala yung bigat
63. ng nararamdaman yung stress po.
66. P: Yun mabilis po mag-init yung ulo, sumaakit yung ulo mga ganun senyales po,
67. mabilis magalit.
70. P: Yun po binibigyan po nila ako ng advice tas nandyaan po sila para sumuporta
71. po sa akin.
74. P: Alagaan lagi ang sarili. Wag magpapagod. Wag magpapadala sa emosyon para di na
75. maranasan ang ganitong sitwasyon.

Participant #7
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako si Althea Dominique Sagun at Kami ay nasa ikatlong level na
2. sa kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University – Lungsod n
3. ng Valenzuela. Ako ang naatasang kumuha ng inyong panayam para sa mga sumusunod na
4. tanong Ang pamagat ng pag-aaral na ito ay “An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression
7. Punong taga pag imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi (Ericka
9. interbyung ito ay magsisilbing bahagi ng aming requirements sa Nursing Research 2.
10. Makakaasa kayo na na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para sa pag-aaral na
11. ito ay mananatiling kumpidensyal at hindi gagamitin sa labas ng unibersidad ng research.
12 team. Ikinagagalak namin kayong makilala.
14. P: Yes.
16. P: Okay naman .
18. P: Birthday is April 22, 1999
20. P: 23 years old
22. P: Stay at home mom pero nagwowork at home din ako sa company ng husband ko.
24. P: Yes

25. I: Paano o masasabi na handa kana sa responsibilidad ng pagiging isang ina?
26. P: Siguro sa tagal ko na nagtatrabaho at saka sa dami ng nagawa ko na din sa murang edad.
27. Nung nagkaroon kami ng chance na bumuo ng family, grinab na din namin kasi alam naman
28. namin na responsable na kami at kaya na naming bumuhay ng isang tao.
30. nyo manganak?
31. P: Nung unang weeks, first to second week nung nanganak ako talagang nakaalalay sila kasi
32. walang tulog nun eh, yung puyat grabe yung puyat non kasi si baby kailangan bantayan every
33. 2 hours yan dapat kakain. Nakaalalay sila at pinapalitan nila ko para may shifting yung oras
34. para nakakatulog ako ganon.
35. I: Nakaranas po ba kayo ng kalungkutan o pag-iiba ng emosyon pagkatapos nyo manganak?
36. P: Ah opo. Nung una at pangalawang week hanggang sa second month ni baby grabe yung
37. pagooverwhelm ko ng emotions siguro kasi first time mom nga, na hindi ko talaga alam yung
38. gagawin and nakakabigla yung pagbagsak ng katawan mo. Tapos lahat mararanasan mo sa
39. pagaalaga kay baby sobrang nakakabigla siya. Siguro yon, isang factor yun kung bakit
parang yung emotions ko din hindi stable.
43. P: Oo talagang visible yung pagiba ng katawan mo kasi yun nga sa panganganak lalo na for
44. me as a breastfeeding mom, kita mo talaga yung nangyayari sa katawan mo tapos yung lahat
45. ng pagod nagiging epekto niya is bumabagsak nga yung timbang mo ganon. Tapos sa
46. napagsasabihan meron naman kasi yung family ko nakabantay naman sakin tapos yung
47. friends ko nakaalalay din naman.

49. karamdaman?
50. P: Sa nararamdaman ko, hindi, hindi ko natry na magpaconsult professionally kasi meron
51. ding takot sakin or hindi rin ako sure kung paano siya haharapin lalo na at nasabi ko nga na
52. overwhelming yung emotions so di ko alam kung paano uunahin yung sarili ko kasi sa isip
53. ko, si baby dapat yung mauna.
55. P: Sobrang bigat kasi nung word na depression para sakin kasi as a Psych student, hindi
56. talaga namin siya ginagamit pang describe ng nararamdaman ko. Alam ko yung
57. nararamdaman ko na sobrang matinding lungkot pero hindi ko siya madescribe as depression
58. kasi I’m not professionally diagnosed. Naramdaman ko lang siya nung mga una hanggang
59. pangalawang buwan kasi nga sobrang overwhelming pa ng emotions non pero nung the latter
60. naman parang hind ko na siya iniintindi or hindi ko nahaharap yung emotions ko when it
61. comes to that kasi nga sobrang overwhelming yung magalaga kay baby.
63. P: For my emotions wala akong iniinom na gamot, para sa mental health ko kung yun yung
64. ibig nyong sabihin wala akong iniinom.
66. P: Siguro bilang ina, isa sa mga ways ay yung talagang ituon mo yung pansin mo kay baby,
67. mahirap din sabihin na parang hindi mo na inaalala yung sarili mo pero ganon talaga yung
68. nangyayari sa totoong buhay. Nawawala yung isip mo na intindihin yung sarili mo kasi ang
69. talagang inaalala pano mo aalagaan yung anak mo, pano mo ibibigay yung mga needs nya.
70. So parang hindi ko na din nararamdaman yung lungkot kasi nabibigay naman ng baby ko
71. yung saya, yung happiness na kailangan ko naman talaga.
72. I: Mayroon ba sa pamilya ninyo ang nagkaroon ng depresyon?73. P: Sa family ko wala pero
73. meron akong mga kamag anak. Walang professionally diagnosed pero may mga kamag anak

74. ako na nagkaroon ng phase na ganon dahil may mga nagcommit ng suicide.
77. P: Mahirap talaga siya nung una kasi unstable nga yung mental health mo so parang di mo
78. alam yung gagawin kaya sobrang nakatulong na mayroong mga nakaagapay sa paligid ko
79. kasi kung ako lang yon baka hindi ko din talaga kayanin baka dun na din talaga ako pumunta
80. sa phase ng buhay na iyon, malugmok na kasi as in ang hirap talaga.
82. P: Unang una siguro ano, sinabi ko sa husband ko talaga kung ano yung nararamdaman ko
83. kasi mahirap kung sasarilinin ko siya lalo nga at may baby ako kasi nakakaapekto din yung
84. nararamdaman ko sa katawan ko. Talagang nagsabi agad ako sa asawa ko.
87. P: Nung mga unang buwan hanggang pangalawang buwan, gabi gabi talaga akong umiiyak
88. tsaka parang hindi mo alam kung papano ka ulit gigising, paano ka ulit babangon kasi nga
89. hindi mo naman alam yung gagawin bilang ina kasi first time mom ka kaya parang lahat ng
90. responsibilities or lahat ng hirap nakapatong agad sayo so ayon napakahirap bumangon,
91. sobrang lungkot nga na nakatulala ka, nakakaguilty kasi umiiyak ka, yung baby hindi mo
92. naaasikaso parang ganon. Sobra yung guilt.
95. P: Sobrang nakatulong yung pagsuporta ng pamilya ko kasi nga hindi naman nila ko
96. pinabayaan, may mga napagsasabihan ako so kahit papano nabigyan ako ng comfort na
97. kailangan ko talaga.
98. I: Bilang isang babae at ina na nakaranas ng ganitong uri ng sakit (Postpartum Depression).
99. Ano ang maipapayo mo sa kanila?

100. P: Talagang kailangan handa kang magsabi sa pamilya mo kasi kahit bago
101. kamagkaanak, kahit gaano mo sabihin na kaya mo or stable yung mental health mo
102. para harapin yung responsibilidad ng pagiging ina, pag andun ka na, talagang
103. masheshaken siya or matetense siya kasi iba talaga kapag nandun ka na sa moment.
104. Dapat siguro handa kang maging open sa nararamdama mo para hindi matuloy sa hindi
105. magandang pangyayari. Yung feelings or emotions mo napakahirap talagang imanage
106. ng emotions lalo na kapag nanay ka kasi hindi na lang ikaw yung iisipin mo dahil may
107. baby na umaasa sayo. Sabi nga nila kapag masaya ang nanay, mas maaalagaan niya
108. yung anak so dapat talaga, selfish siguro sa iba pakinggan pero dapat inuuna din ng
109. nanay yung sarili niya para mabigay niya yung pangangailangan ng anak niya. So dapat
110. ready ka sa ganon.

Participant #8
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako si Angelica Pagtaconan at Kami ay nasa ikatlong level na sa
2. kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University – Lungsod ng
7. Punong taga pag imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi (Ericka
8. Villanueva, Princess Joy Sagun, Althea Dominique Sagun, Cyrelle Reyes, Elizabeth Sevilla, at
9. Jasmin Laudit). Ang interbyu na ito ay magsisilibing bahagi ng aming requirements sa
10. Nursing Research 2. Makakaasa kayo na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para
11. sa pag-aaral na ito ay mananatiling kumpidensyal at hindi gagamitin sa labas ng unibersidad
12. ng research team. Ikinagagalak namin kayong makasama.
14. P: Opo
15. I: Magandang araw! Kumusta ka? P: Okay lang naman.
17. P: August 1, 2000
19. P: 20

21. P: Nagaalaga lang kay baby tapos sideline, nagtitinda ng ihaw ihaw.
23. P: Opo
25. P: Sa totoo lang nung una hindi talaga eh, pero syempre habang tumatagal dun pa lang
26. nagiging handa ganon.
28. P: Hindi ako masyadong hirap pero nung malapit na yung due date ko siguro.
30. nyo manganak?
31. P: Nasa ospital pa lang ako lahat sila nagpapadala ng pagkain hanggang ngayon ganon pa
32. rin eh. Pagkain tapos yung mga kailangan namin binibigay nila.
33. I: Nakaranas ba kayo ng kalungkutan o pag-iiba ng emosyon pagkatapos nyo manganak?
34. P: Nung unang month kasi sobrang pagod, puyat ganon.
36. pagbabago sa iyong emosyon, pisikal na pangangatawan.
37. P: Meron.
38. I: Mayroon ka bang pinagsasabihan ng iyong mga problema o saloobin?
39. P: Yung asawa ko kapag ano bago matulog nakakapagusap kami, pag pagod na ko ikaw
40. naman ganon.

42. karamdaman?
43. P: Hindi.
44. I: Kailan mo napansin na nakaramdam ka na pala ng pagbabago ng emosyon?
45. P: Nung first hanggang four months ganon.
47. P: Yung contraceptive pills
48. I: Ano ang mga alternatibong pamamaraan na ginagawa mo upang maiwasan ang pagbabago
49. ng emosyon?
50. P: Lumilipat lang kami dito sa tatay ko madami kasi ditong tao, nalilibang ganon.
52. P: Parang wala naman
54. P: Parang hindi eh, kasi kapag naisip ko na parang galit na ko sa lahat ng nasa paligid ko,
55. kinokontra ko kasi. Unang pumapasok sa isip ko post partum kasi may nakita ko sa mga ano
56. na nakakasakit sila ganon, kaya kinokontrol ko talaga.
58. P: Ayun ganon, lalabas lang kami dito sa mang tatay ko nakakalibang kasi maraming mga
59. bata.
61. P: Laging nagagalit ganon, kahit walang ginagawa pag uwi ng asawa ko lagi nagagalit na ko.

64. P: Sobrang laki kasi halos sa kanila lang eh, bahay tapos dito. Ganon, pabalik balik.
65. I: Bilang isang babae at ina na nakaranas ng ganitong uri ng sakit (Postpartum Depression).
66. Ano ang maipapayo mo sa kanila?
67. P: Sa mga nakakaranas ng post partum, wag niyo masyado ano, maglibang libang kayo,
68. magsimba. Wag nilang dibdibin masyado.
69. I: Dito na nagtatapos ang aming interbyu, at kung may mga ilang katanungan pa kaming

Participant #9
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako si Althea Dominique Sagun at kami ay nasa ikatlong
2. Level na sa kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima
3. University - Lungsod ng Valenzuela. Ako ang naatasang kumuha ng inyong panayam
4. para sa mga sumusunod na tanong. Ang pamagat ng pag-aaral na ito ay “An Exploration of the
5. Postpartum Depression Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother: A Qualitative Inquiry”
6. Bago natin simulan ang interbyu na ito nais kong ipakilala ang aking mga miyembro kabilang
7. narito ang aming Punong taga pag-imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga
8. kasapi (Ericka Villanueva, Princess Joy Sagun, Cyrelle Reyes, Elizabeth Sevilla, at Jasmin
10. Research 2. Makakaasa kayo na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para sa pag-
11. aaral na ito ay mananatiling kumpidensyal at hindi gagamitin sa labas ng unibersidad ng
12. research team. Ikinagagalak namin kayong makasama.
16. P: Yes.
17. I: Magandang araw po sa inyo! Kumusta kayo?
18. P: Okay naman.
20. P: January 23, 1995
22. P: 23, turning 24.

23. I: Ahh okay. Ano mga pinagkakaabalahan niyo po itong mga nakaraan araw?
24. P: Nagtuturo
26. P: First time, yes.
28. P: Ano, di ko masasabi na kaya ko na kasi wala naman ako ganon na experience kasi
29. “first time” nga lang pero hangga’t maaari naman ay kinakaya naman kasi napag-aaralan
30. naman or nakakasanayan.
32. P: I think siguro hindi naman po ako magpapa buntis kung hindi 'ko naramdaman sa sarili
33. ko na 'di ko pa kaya. So, maano mo naman yon eh sa sarili mo kung alam mong kaya mo
34. na din.
35. I: Anong paghihirap ang naranasan mo noong nagbubuntis pa lamang kayo?
36. P: Medyo-ano eh- mood swing talaga or moody tapos very sensitive sa lahat ng bagay.
37. Lalo na sa pagkain, may certain na pagkain na ayaw ko talaga eh.
40. P: Kasama ko sila na nagaalaga kay baby at sa gawain sa paglalaba ng damit, sa pagkain,
41. sa pagtitimpla ng gatas. Kasi hindi ako pure breastfeed pero para bang mixed. Ayon naka
42. alalay sila sa pagttimpla or sa pag ready ng mga gamit na gagamitin sa pagpapagatas then
43. sa mga damit ni baby tsaka sa damit ko din. Noong mga panahong hindi pa ako puwede

44. maglaba.
45. I: Nakaranas po ba kayo ng kalungkutan o pag-iiba ng emosyon pagkatapos nyo
46. manganak?
47. P: Yes oo, during my first- parang pinaka malala siguro during the first week very
48. emotional. Parang konting bagay lang umiiyak na agad ako ganon and yung realization
49. ko na nanay na maraming what if na pumapasok sa isip mo then yung pagbabago sa
50. katawan mapapansin mo talaga and yung pagbbreastfeed eh medyo ano talaga, sa
51. emotion bilang bagong ina nag think ttwice ka. Kinekwestyon mo rin ang sarili mo, kasi
52. ako kinwestyon ko ang sarili ko kung bakit konti lang lumalabas na milk sa akin parang
53. ganon.
54. I: Tulad na rin ng nabanggit niyo kanina na may pagbabago na rin sa emosyon maging sa
55. pisikal na pangangatawanan niyo. Maari mo po bang idetalye ang mga pagbabago na
56. iyon sa iyong pisikal na pangangatawan?
57. P: First na malala na nangyari sa akin ay hairfall. Nagstart siya during the first month and
58. second ay okay pa. Pero during the third month na up to six months talagang naglagas
59. siya dito as in madami, talagang kapag ginanon natin yung buhok ko wala na. Malapad
60. na nga yung noo ko lumalo pa siya. Sobrang lumala hairfall ko and then lumaki yung
61. balakang ko and ofcourse sa breast dahil nagpapa breastfeed mas malaki yung isa. Ganon
62. yung isa sa nabago sa akin. Yung sa balakang and sa breast, and yung sa timbang din
63. medyo nag gain din ako kahit papano.
64. I: Mayroon po ba kayo na napagsasabihan ng problema o saloobin

65. P: Yes, one of my close friend sa kaniya ko nasasabi yung mga hindi ko nasasabi kay
66. husband. Ewan ko epekto na rin ata ng panganganak ay hindi ako gaano naging open sa
67. kaniya.
68. I: Sinubukan mo bang magpakonsulta sa pinaka malapit na clinic o hospital para sa iyong
69. karamdaman?
70. P: Duon sa postpartum? Hindi ko ginawa kasi kaya ko naman eh.
72. P: I think the day after- No, after kong ilabas si baby noong pag gising ko parang doon
73. meron na nag start na siya. Pero kasi before pa ako manganak or during my preganancy 2
74. months ba parang 3 months ako non. One of my friend sinabi sa akin noon na mag ingat
75. ka para kung baga i ready mo yung sarili mo kasi kapag nanganak ka mayroong
76. tinatawag na postpartum depression wherein may tendency non na pwede mong saktan
77. yung anak mo or ikaw pwede ka mag suffer ng depression na baka hindi mo kayanin-mag
78. suicide ka ganyan. Ganito ganiyan mga sinabi ng friend ko kaya parang inexplain ko na
79. kay husband ko na pwede 'to mangyari sa akin after ko manganak kaya nai ready rin
80. namin sarili ko at si husband na pagkapanganak ay iintindihin talaga ang situation ko para
81. less conflict din, less pagsasagutan mga ganon.
82. I: Sa ngayon po may iniinom ka po ba na medisina?
83. P: Medicine? wala never naman akong nag take ng medicine na pang PPD. Wala never.
84. I: Ano po ang mga alternatibong pamamaraan na ginagawa mo upang maiwasan ang
85. depresyon?

86. P: Ang ginawa ko kasi noon ay the more na gumagamit ako ng cellphone kasi syempre sa
87. cellphone kasi nakikita mo doon during my ano-nuong dalaga ako ganito ganiyan.
88. Nakikita mo yung mga batchmate mo na dalaga pa na parang wala pang mga anak at
89. asawa ganiyan. Ni lessen ko yung paggamit ng cellphone at focus lang ako sa pagaalaga
90. kay baby. Naka lessen naman.
92. P: Anong depresyon?
93. I: Kahit anong depresyon po
94. P: Wala naman, siguro insmonia lang pero wala naman.
96. ina?
97. P: Yung nga sabi ko yung pagbabago ng ugali, na medyo nagiging sensitive. Konting ano
98. lang eh nagkakaroon ng bangayan sa aming mag-asawa.
100. P: Ayon nagahanap ako ng friend na mapaglalabasana ako ng mga hinaing ko sa buhay.
101. I: Pwede mo ba detalye kung ano mga sintomas ng iyong mga nararamdaman bago mo 102.
nalaman na nakakaranas kana ng depresyon?
103. P: Mood swings ang then yung pagiging emotional at umiiyak sa simpleng bagay at
104. nagstart yung hairloss. Ayon lang naman yung sa tingin ko nag ano sa akin.
105. I: Paano nakatulong sayo ang suporta na natatanggap mo sa pamilya at kaibigan?
106. P: Na lessen yung trabaho, ang gagawin ko nalang ay magiintindi nalang ako ng bata

107. magpapa breastfeed nalang. Kumabaga maaasikaso mo yung kaming dalawa nalang with
108. the help of my family.
109. I: Bilang isang babae at ina na nakaranas ng ganitong uri ng sakit which is the Postpartum
110. Depression po. Ano ang maipapayo mo sa kanila?
111. P: I think yun nga during pregnancy talagang need na din nilang pagusapan mag-asawa
112. yung mga possible pros and cons during or after giving birth. And then irready mo na rin
113. talaga and the support of your family kailangan na kailangan yon.Yung maging open lang
114. din, open na sabihin sa kapamilya at mga kasama sa bahay para once na nanganak na at
115. least they will understand kung bakit ka emotional, bakit ka umiiyak sa simpleng bagay,
116. bakit ka malungkot, yung mga magiging mood mo at attitude mo after giving birth.
117. Ipaintindi mo na sa kanila na normal lang iyon sayo. And of course, most important ay sa
118. partner mo talaga kailangan mong ipa embrace mo sa kaniya yung mga pagbabago na
119. mangyayari sayo. Dapat iparamdam niya na kasama mo siya, na kasama mo siya during
120. that time after giving birth. Na hindi lang supportive siya when it comes to financial
121. needs pero dapat kasama siya-yung support niya sa emotional mo.
122. I: Ma'am dito na po nagtatapos ang aming interbyu, at kung may mga ilang katanungan
123. pa kaming nais itanong sa mga susunod, makakaasa po kayo na maari po namin kayong
125. P: Thank you at good luck sa research niyo.

Participant #10
1. I: Mapag palang araw, Ako po si Althea Dominique Sagun at Kami ay nasa ikatlong
2. level na sa kolehiyo (3rd year) at isang nursing student sa Our Lady of Fatima University
3. - Lungsod ng Valenzuela. Ako ang naatasang kumuha ng inyong panayam para sa mga
4. sumusunod na tanong. Ang pamagat ng pag-aaral na ito ay “An Exploration of the Postpartum
5. Depression Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother: A Qualitative Inquiry” Bago natin
6. simulan ang interbyu na ito nais kong ipakilala ang aking mga miyembro kabilang na rito ang
7. aming Punong taga pag-imbistiga na si Angelica Pagtaconan at iba pang mga kasapi (Ericka
10. Makakaasa po kayo na ang lahat ng impormasyon na aming nakalap para sa pag-aaral na ito
14. P: Opo.
15. I: Magandang gabi po sa inyo. Kumusta po kayo?
17. I: Kailan po ang araw ng iyong kapanganakan?
18. P: March 27, 1992
20. P: 27

22.. P: Currently graduating student sa Nursing.
24. P: Oo, nung 2020 28 years old ako
26. P: Siguro hmm, nagpakasal kami nuong 23 years old ako tapos na enjoy naman namin
27. buhay namin bilang mag-asawa. Syempre financially stable na naman kami kaya ayon
28. nuong 27 ako naghanda na kaming magka anak.
30. P: Sobrang dami kasi nagkaroon ako ng GDM tapos nagkaroon ako ng explore lap dahil
31. sa appendicits pumutok kasi siya so ruptured appendicitis siya. 2 months ako non eh then
32. after 1 month ng operation ko nagkaroon ako ng lesion so naoperahan na naman ako and
33. then naka insulin ako for 9 months. CS ako.
35. pagkatapos nyo po manganak?
36. P: Well actually sa pamilya hindi, kasi independent kami so ang parents ko and parents
37. niya nasa malayo, nasa abroad ganon. Yung mga kapatid ko hindi naman gaano kasi busy
38. din sila.
40. manganak?
41. P: Oo syempre, kasi parang may nawala sa iyo. Ayon hindi mo maiintindihan yung

42. pakiramdam pero parang ang laki ng binaba ng self esteem mo sa sarili mo kasi parang
43. nag iba ang lahat pati yung pangangatawan mo. Tsaka yung attention ng asawa mo wala
44. na sayo, nasa bata na.
46. ng pagbabago hindi lang sa iyong emosyon kundi pati sa pisikal na pangangatawan po
47. ninyo?
48. P: Oo, yeah.
49. I: Maari niyo po bang idetalye?
50. P: Kasi CS ako, so unang una yung disturbance sa body image ko naging malaking
51. malaki tiyan ko tapos yung dede ko naging sag siya as in wala kang ayos. Walang wala
52. ka talaga ayos kasi puyat ka tska ang dami mong pimples ayon nakakababa talaga siya ng
53. self esteem.
54. I: Mayroon ka bang pinagsasabihan ng iyong mga problema o saloobin?
55. P: Actualy wala, kasi nasa bahay lang ako at hindi ako masyado nag pphone ganon.
58. karamdaman?
59. P: Hindi kasi ano eh parang mahihiya akong lumabas or ewan kung nagbago talaga. Ay
60. one time sorry hindi ko na nailagay sa interview kanina, one time nag online
61. consulatition ako sa doktor namin, friend of mine na doktor ko.
63. P: Ayokong makipag usap sa iba, gusto ko kaming dalawa lang ng anak ko tska inaaway

64. ko din yung mga pamangkin ng asawa ko. Tapos umiiyak ako ng walang dahilan ewan ko
65. basta araw araw ako umiiyak ewan ko kung bakit.
67. P: Well actually noon, bawal pa yung iba- vitamins lang tska yung tatalact para sa
68. breastmilk to boost the breastmilk.
70. depresyon?
71. P: Well actually niyakap ko yung depression ko eh, hindi ko siya tinakbo na parang ano
72. niyakap ko siya inintindi ko kung bakit nagkaganon ako. Kinausap ko yung sarili ko kung
73. bakit ganon, parang pinsych ko rin yung sarili ko noon eh kasi parang nababaliw na ako
74. noon. Niyakap ko siya hanggang sa ma absorb ko lahat. Tiningnan ko lahat ng bagay
75. kung anong problema sa akin ganito ganiyan. Kasi may idea naman ako sa Postpartum
76. Depression so ayon.
77. I: Mayroon ba sa pamilya ninyo na nagkaroon ng depresyon?
78. P: Oo, nanay ko.
80. ina?
81. P: Iyak ako ng iyak, hindi ako kumakain noon tapos yung baby ko noon ayaw ko pa
82. hawakan. Parang nasa kaniya lahat ng atensyon ng asawa ko eh. Pero ayaw ko siya
83. ipahawak sa iba, sakin lang din parang nandiyan lang siya pero ayaw kong hawakan siya
84. ng iba.

86. P: Ginawa ko ano, nakipag usap ako sa asawa ko sinabi ko lahat ng nasa isip ko ganon na
87. na ddepress na ako.
88. I: Ma'am pwede mo ba detalye kung ano mga sintomas ng iyong mga nararamdaman
89. bago mo nalaman na nakakaranas kana ng depresyon?
90. P: Hindi ako makatulog sa gabi at kung ano anong pumapasok sa isip ko tapos yung baby
91. ko pinagseselosan ko na rin. Tapos nagagalit ako nang walang dahilan, iiyak ako nang
92. walang dahilan, ayaw ko kumain. Ano pa ba, ayaw ko nakikipagusap sa kahit kanino at
93. higit sa lahat ayaw ko lumabas ng bahay.
96. P: Hmm sa doktor ko kasi sabi niya you're suffering from Postpartum depression, lakasan
97. mo yung loob mo ganiyan so alam mo naman yung mga dapat gawin mga alternatibo at
98. makipagusap ka sa asawa mo ganon. So ayon nakipagusap ako sa asawa ko, naintindihan
99. niya naman kasi nurse din naman siya. Tapos sa family, siguro ano nalang emotional
100. support sa mama ko kasi sinabi ko na hindi ko na kaya kasi parang gusto ko na
101. magpakamatay noon. Kasi parang naubos lahat ng meron ako sa buhay ko na parang back
102. to zero ako nuong nagkaanak ko. Sabi ng mama ko ganon talaga, kailangan mo lakasan
103. ang loob tapos lagi niya na akong kinakausap kasi sinabi ko sa kaniya na naddepress na
104. ako kasi actually buntis pa lang ako na ddepress na ako. Sa kalagayan ko pa before, lagi
105. na akong kinakausap ng nanay ko hanggang sa maging maayos na ako. Pati asawa ko

106. sinuportahan niya yung mga gusto ko.
109. P: Unang una sa lahat yung asawa mo dapat yung number one na susuporta sa iyo eh.
110. Yung family mo, parents mo second nalang sila eh pero mas kailangan mo talaga yung
111. asawa mo. Asawa mo yung iintindi sa iyo, kahit may anak kayo dapat iparamdam niya na
112. sayo na mahalaga ka at mahal ka niya. Tapos syempre emotionally support, lagi ka
113. niyang tatanungin sa isang araw, oh kumain ka na ba? anong nararamdaman mo? pagod
114. ka ba? ayon, yung mga ano kailangan mo talaga yung asawa mo in every step of the way
115. lalo na kapag nanganak ka na kasi emotionally hindi mo talaga kakayanin kasi talagang
116. ang daming nawala sayo after mong manganak kaya kailangan yung asawa mo nandiyan
117. talaga o yung partner mo para sayo in every step of the ways.
121. P: Thank you rin.

Appendix I:
Research Plates



Appendix J:
Research Budget
NURES 2
Defense Fee 3,150
Token of Appreciation 1,000
Printing 400
TOTAL 4,550

Appendix K:
About the Researchers
I am Angelica Pagtaconan, 22 years old, currently residing at

Marilao, Bulacan. I am currently taking up Nursing at Our
Lady of Fatima University. I am the Principal Investigator of
this study and the one who’s in charge of ensuring that our
research has accurate data.
remember why you started.
I am Ericka Jane V. Villanueva, 22 years old, currently

residing at Meycauayan, Bulacan. I am currently taking up
Nursing at Our Lady of Fatima University. Assist them by
conducting research and obtaining references for our
connected literature from credible sources relevant to our
chosen topic.
"It's not going to be easy, but It's going to be worth it"
I am Althea Dominique R. Sagun, 21 years old, currently

residing at Sta.Maria, Bulacan. I am currently taking up
Nursing at Our Lady of Fatima University. I’ve
accomplished the tasks that were given to me throughout the
study I helped in looking for journals or literature that is
related to our research study
“Every accomplishment starts with the decision to try”

I am Jasmin R. Laudit, 23 years old, currently living at

Pandi, Bulacan. I am currently taking up Nursing at Our
Lady of Fatima University I am the Co-Investigator of the
research study. I am the one who contributes idea, also help
by searching the internet for more information for our
research study. I believe in the saying,
"Commit to the Lord whatever you do and your plans will

succeed. - Proverbs 16:3
I am Cyrelle Ann R. Reyes, 22 years old, currently residing

at Malolos, Bulacan. I am currently taking up Nursing at Our
Lady of Fatima University. I contributed an idea on our
variables. I also did the task that was assigned to me.
I am Princess Joy M. Sagun, 20 years old, currently residing

at Bulakan, Bulacan. I am currently taking up Nursing at Our
Lady of Fatima University. I contributed an idea on our
“Don’t let what you cannot do interfere with what you can
do.”

I am Elizabeth Jean Marie R. Sevilla, 31 years old, currently

residing at Valenzuela City. I am currently taking up Nursing at
Our Lady of Fatima University. I contributed an idea on our
"Everything you do now is for your future"


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An Exploration of the Postpartum Depression Behaviors among Select First-Time Mother:

Angelica Pagtaconan1, 2, 3, Jasmin R. Laudit1, 2, 3,

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

been examined and now recommended for Oral Examination.

Sharon B. Cajayon, RN, MAN

BSN3YA-IRR 3, is recommended for Oral Examination.

Maria Luisa T. Uayan, DHSc, MSN

Dean, College of Nursing

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

Althea Dominique Sagun

Cyrelle Ann Reyes

Ericka Jane Villanueva

Sharon B. Cajayon, RN, MAN

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

Table of Contents iii

2.0 Review of Related Literature 4

2.1 Theoretical Framework 4

2.2 Literature Review 6

2.2.1. First-time Mother 6

2.2.2. Maternal Support 7

2.2.3. Maternal Satisfaction 9

2.2.4. Postpartum Depression 10

2.2.5. Maternal Growth Postpartum 12

2.2.6 Postpartum Depression Behavior 13

2.3. Research Questions 14

2.4. Significance of the Study 15

3.0 Research Methodology 16

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

3.1. Research Design 16

3.2. Research Locale 17

3.3. Population and Sampling 17

3.4. Research Ethics 18

3.5. Research Instrument 19

3.5.1 In-depth Interview 19

3.6. Data Gathering Procedures 20

3.6.1. Permission Letter 21

3.6.2. Informed Consent 21

3.6.4. Data Protection Plan 22

3.7. Data Analysis 23

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

Appendix A: Letter of Permission to Conduct Research 43

Appendix B: Endorsement Letter 44

Apppendix C: Informed Consent Form 45

Appendix D: Ethics Approval 52

Appendix F: Semi-Structured Questionnaire 54

Appendix G: Repertory Grid 57

Appendix I: Research Plates 114

Appendix J: Research Budget 117

Appendix K: About the Researchers 118

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

turn to another person for comfort, reassurance, assistance, and affection.

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

vulnerable times for women.

link gestational diabetes to persistent depressive symptoms for up to 3 years postpartum.

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING

The current study is a small-scale, exploratory study in which we conducted semi-