Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Inverse Trigonometric Function-02 - Solved Example
Inverse Trigonometric Function-02 - Solved Example
Example 1:
Find the range of (sin–1x)2 + (cos–1x)2.
Solution:
Let f(x) = (sin–1x)2 + (cos–1 x)2
= (sin–1x + cos–1x)2 – 2 sin–1x. cos–1x
2 2
=
4
2 sin 1 x sin 1
2
x =
4
sin 1 x 2 sin 1 x
2
2 2 2
1
= 2 sin x 2
2
sin 1 x
8
= 2sin 1
4 8 16
2
1 2 2
=2 sin x 2 . . . . . (i)
4 16 8
2
1 2 9 2 2 5 2
Now, 2 sin x . . . . . (ii)
4 8 8 8 4
2 5 2
from (i) and (ii), range of the given function is 8 , 4 .
Example 2:
α
If u = cot–1 cos tan 1 cos prove that sin u = tan2 2
Solution:
u= – tan–1 cos α – tan–1 cos α
2
2tan–1 cos = 2
–u
Now, cos u = cos (2tan–1 cos )
2
1 tan 2 tan 1 cos
sin u =
1 tan tan 2 1
cos
1 cos 2
1 cos
2
= 1 cos = tan 2 .
1 cos
2
Example 3:
xy 2ac
If ax + b sec(tan–1 x) = c and ay + b sec (tan–1y) = c; (a c), then prove that 1 xy 2 2 .
a c
Solution:
Let tan–1x = α and tan–1y = β
tan = x, tan = y
the given system of equations reduces to
a tan α + b sec α = c and a tan + b sec = c
α , β are the roots of the equation a tan θ + bsec θ = c
(b2 – a2) tan2 θ + 2ac tan θ + b2 – c2 = 0 . . . . . (i)
tan, tan β are the roots of (i)
2ac
tan α + tan β = – =x+y
b a2
2
b2 c2
and tan α tan β = = xy
b2 a 2
xy tan tan 2ac
Hence, 1 xy = 1 tan . tan = 2 2
a c
Example 4:
If sin-1 x+ sin-1y + sin-1 z = , x, y , z 0, then prove that
x4 + y4 + z4 + 4x2y2z2 = 2 (x2y2 + y2z2 + z2x2)
Solution:
We have,
sin-1 x + sin-1y + sin-1z =
sin-1 x + sin-1 y = – sin-1 z
cos(sin-1 x + sin-1y) = cos ( – sin-1 z)
cos (sin-1x) cos (sin-1 y) – sin (sin-1x). sin(sin-1y) = - cos (sin-1 z)
1 x 2 . 1 y 2 xy 1 z 2
Q
cos(sin 1 x) cos cos 1 1 x 2 1 x 2
1 x 2 1 y 2 xy 1 z 2
1 1 x 02
If xr+1 = 1 x r , xr 1, then show that = cos–1 x0 .
2 x1x 2 x 3 . . . . .up to infinity
Solution:
1
Given xr+1 = 1 x r , let x0 = cos , 0
2
x1 =
1
1 x 0 1 1 cos cos , x2 = 1
1 x1 1 1 cos cos 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
similarly, x3 = cos
23
.....................
.....................
xn = cos
2n
x1x2x3 . . . xn up to infinity = cos . cos 2 . cos 3 . . . cos n
2 2 2 2
sin
= . . . (i)
2 n. sin
2n
x1 x2 . . . xn . . . = nlim x1 x 2 . . . x n
sin θ
lim
= n n θ [using (i)]
2 .sin n
2
sin θ sin θ
lim
= n n θ . . . (ii)
sin θ / 2
θ.
θ / 2n
1 x 20 1 cos 2
x1 x 2 x 3 . . . x sin [using (ii)]
1 x 20
cos 1 x 0
x1 x 2 x 3 . . .
Example 6:
Find the set of values of parameter ‘a’ so that the equation (sin-1 x)3 +(cos-1 x)3 = a 3 has a
solution.
Solution:
(sin-1 x)3 + (cos-1 x)3 = a 3
(sin-1x + cos-1 x) {(sin-1 x + cos-1 x)2 – 3 sin-1 x. cos-1 x} = a 3
2 1 2
– 3 sin-1 x. cos-1x = 2a 2 sin-1 x sin x 1 8a
4 2 12
π π2
(sin-1 x)2 sin 1 x 1 8a
2 12
2
2 2
1
sin x 8a 1
4 12 16
2 2
1 π π2 1 π π2
sin x 32a 4 3 sin x 32a 1
4 48 4 48
3
Now, sin-1 x , sin 1 x
2 2 4 4 4
2
1 9 2
0 sin x
4 16
2 2
0 32a 1 9 0 (32a – 1) 27
48 16
1 7
a
32 8
1 7
Thus, the required set of values of ‘a’ is , .
32 8
Example 7:
Find the number of ordered pairs of (x, y), which satisfy y = |sin x| and y = cos–1 (cosx),
where – 2 x 2 .
Solution:
ln [0, ], y = cos-1 (cosx) = x
In [ , 2 ], y = cos-1 {cos(2 – x)} = 2 – x
In , 0, y cos 1 cos x x
In [– 2 , – ], y = cos-1 {cos (2 + x)} = 2 + x
Plotting the graph, we have
y
x
–2 – 0 2
required ordered pairs are (0, 0), (2 , 0) and (–2 , 0). Hence required number is 3.
Example 8:
3 3x 2 1
x x 1 .
Evaluate : cos–1 x + cos–1 ,
2 2 2
Solution:
If cos–1 x = y, then x = cos y
1 1 1 1
we have cos–1 1 cos x cos 0 y
2 x 1 2 3
x 3 3x 2 1 3
cos y sin y
2 2 2 2
= cos cos y sin sin y = cos y
3 3 3
x 1 1
It follows that cos–1 3 3x 2 y
2 2 3
1
cos cos for 0 and here 0 3 y 3
The given expression = y + y .
3 3
Example 9:
Solve the equation, tan–1 2x + tan–1 3x = /4.
Solution:
2 x 3x
tan–1 2 = , if 6x2 < 1
1 6x 4
5x
=1
1 6x 2
1
6x2 – 5x + 1 = 0, if x2 <
6
1 1
(6x – 1) (x + 1) = 0 and – <x<
6 6
1 1
x = 1/6, –1 and – <x<
6 6
1 1
x = 1/6 neglecting x = –1 as x ,
6 6
Example 10:
Prove that
π
1 π, if 0 A 4
2
1 1 3
tan–1 tan 2A tan cot A tan cot A = π
π
0, if A
4 2
Solution:
First note that
cot A > 1, if 0 < A <
4
and cot A < 1, if < A < . Hence
4 2
tan–1 (cot A) + tan–1 (cot3A)
cot A cot 3 A π π
= + tan–1 4
, if A
1 cot A 4 2
1
1
Hence, tan–1 tan 2A tan cot A + tan–1 (cot3A)
2
= in the first case,
= 0 in the 2nd case, because tan–1 (–x) = – tan–1 x.
Example 11:
1 1 1 2
Prove that tan tan 1 tan 1 .
7 13 9
Solution:
1 1
1 1 1 1 7 13 1 20 1 2
L.H.S. = tan tan 1
= tan = tan = tan
7 13 1 1 90 9
1
7 13
= R.H.S.
Example 12:
Solve 2( tan–1 1 + tan–1 2 + tan–1 3).
Solution:
tan–1 2 + tan–1 3 = tan 1[1]
= tan 1[1]
tan–1 1 + tan–1 2 + tan–1 3 =
2( tan–1 1 + tan–1 2 + tan–1 3) = 2
Example 13:
3
Evaluate sin cos 1 .
5
Solution:
3 3
cos 1 cos
5 5
4 3 4
sin sin cos 1 sin
5 5 5
Example 14:
7
cos 1 cos .
6
Solution:
7
because does not lies in (0, )
6
5 1 5 5
so cos 1 cos 2 = cos cos
6 6 6
Example 15:
Solve the equation 2(sin 1 x ) 2 (sin 1 x ) 6 0 .
Solution:
Let sin–1 x = y
x = sin y
2y2 – y – 6 = 0
2y2 – 4y + 3y – 6 = 0
(2y + 3) (y – 2) = 0
y = –1.5, 2
2
2
So that only solution is –1.5.
SOLVED OBJECTIVE EXAMPLES
Example 1:
The value of
2 3
sin 1 cot sin 1 cos 1 12 sec 1 2
4 4 is
(A) 0 (B)
4
(C) (D)
6 2
Solution:
2 3
We have sin 1 cot sin 1 cos 1 12 sec 1 2
4 4
2
1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1
= sin cot sin cos cos
2 2 2 2
= sin-1 [cot (150 + 300 + 450 )]
= sin-1 [cot900] = sin-1 0 = 0
Hence (A) is the correct answer.
Example 2:
5 2
If (tan–1x)2 + (cot-1x)2 = , then x equals
8
(A) –1 (B) 1
(C) 0 (D) None of these.
Solution:
5 2
We have (tan–1x)2 + (cot–1x)2 =
8
2
1 5
(tan x + cot x) – 2 tan x tan x
–1 –1 2 –1
2 8
2 5 2 3 2
- 2 tan–1 x + 2(tan-1x)2 = 2(tan-1x)2 – tan–1x – =0
4 2 8 8
π
tan-1x = – x = – 1
4
Hence (A) is the correct answer.
Example 3:
1 3
If A = 2 tan-1 2 2 1 and B = 3 sin-1 + sin-1 , then
3 5
(A) A=B (B) A<B
(C) A>B (D) None of these.
Solution
We have, A = 2tan-1 2 2 1
2
= 2 tan-1 (1.828) A > 2 tan-1 3 A >
3
1 1 1 3 23
-1 -1 3. 4 = sin-1 (0.852)
Also, 3 sin = sin = sin-1
3 3 3 27
1
3
3 sin-1 < sin-1 2
3
1
3 sin-1 <
3 3
3 3 3
Also, sin-1 = sin-1 (0.6) < sin-1 2 sin-1 <
5 5 3
1 3 2
Hence, B = 3 sin-1 + sin-1 <
3 5 3 3 3
Hence (C) is the correct answer.
Example 4:
Indicate the relation which is not true
(A) tan |tan-1 x | = |x| (B) cot |cot-1 x| = x
(C) tan-1 |tan x| = |x| (D) sin |sin-1 x| = |x|
Solution:
1 1 π
tan x, if 0 tan x 2 tan 1 x, if x0
Since |tan-1x| = =
tan 1 x, if π tan 1 x 0
1
tan x, if x0
2
|tan-1x| = tan-1 |x| x R
tan |tan-1 x| = tan tan-1 |x| = |x|
Similarly it can be shown that options (C) and (D) are also correct. However (B) is not correct for
if we take x = – 1, cot |cot–1x| = 1, which is not equal to – 1,
Hence (B) is the correct answer.
Example 5:
If sin-1 x > cos–1 x, then
1 1
(A) x 1, (B) x 0,
2 2
1 –1
(C) x , 1 (D) x , 0
2 2
Solution:
We have, sin–1x > cos–1 x
sin–1 x > – sin-1 x
2
2sin–1 x > sin–1 x > .
2 4
sin(sin–-1x) > sin
4
1 1
x> x , 1 since – 1 x 1
2 2
Hence (C) is the correct answer.
Example 6:
2
If 2 sin-1 x = sin-1 2 x 1 x , then x
1
(A) [– 1, 1] (B) , 1
2
1 1
(C) , (D) None of these.
2 2
Solution:
2
2 sin-1x = sin-1 2 x 1 x
Range of right hand side is ,
2 2
2 sin 1 x sin 1 x
2 2 4 4
1 1
x , .
2 2
Hence (C) is the correct answer.
Example 7:
If cot–1x + cot–1 y + cot–1z = , then x + y + z is also equal to
2
1 1 1
(A) (B) xyz
x y z
(C) xy + yz + zx (D) none of these.
Solution:
cot–1x + cot–1y + cot–1 z =
2
2 tan 1 x 2
tan 1 x π
tan tan 1 x 0
Example 8:
The minimum value of (sec-1 x)2 + (cosec-1 x)2 is equal to
2 2
(A) (B)
2 4
2
(C) 2 (D)
8
Solution:
Let I = (sec–1 x)2 + (cosec–1 x)2 = (sec–1 x + cosec–1 x)2 – 2sec–1 x. cosec–1 x
2
= 2 sec 1 x sec 1 x
4 2
2
4
2
2 sec 1 x sec 1 x
2
2 2
4
1 2
4
1
2 sec x 2 sec x
4
8
2
1 2 2
= 2 sec x I
4 8 8
Hence (D) is the correct answer.
Example 9:
Total number of ordered pairs (x, y) satisfying |y| = cosx and y = sin-1 (sinx) where x [-2 , 3 ]
is equal to
(A) 2 (B) 4
(C) 6 (D) 5
Solution:
Graphs of y = sin-1 (sin x) and |y| = cos x meet exactly five times in [–2 , 3 ]
- 2π –π 0 π 2π 3π x
Example 10:
If [sin-1x] + [cos-1x] = 0, where ‘x’ is a non-negative real number and [ ] denotes the greatest
integer function, then complete set of values of x is
(A) (cos 1, 1) (B) (– 1, cos1)
(C) (sin 1, 1) (D) cos 1, sin 1)
Solution:
Given, [sin-1x] + [cos-1x] = 0 and x 0
[sin-1 x] = 0, [cos-1x] = 0
x [0, sin1) , x (cos 1, 1]
x (cos1, sin1).
Hence (D) is the correct answer.
Example 11:
1 1 1 1 1
The value of tan (1) cos sin is equal to
2 2
5
(A) (B)
4 2
3 13
(C) (D)
4 12
Solution:
1 1 2 3
tan 1 (1) cos 1 sin 1 =
2 2 4 3 6 4
Hence (C) is the correct answer.
Example 12:
1 1
The value of cos cos 1 is
2 8
3 3
(A) (B)
4 4
1 1
(C) (D)
16 4
Solution:
1 1 1 1 1 1
Let cos , where 0 , then cos
8 2 8 2
1 1 1
cos cos = cos
2 8 2
1 1 1
Now cos cos
8 8
9 3
cos 2 cos
2 16 2 4
Hence (A) is the correct answer.
Example 13:
If 1 x 2 the number of the solution of equation
tan–1(x – 1) + tan–1 x + tan–1(x + 1) = tan–1 3x is
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) 3
Solution:
tan–1(x – 1) + tan–1(x + 1) = tan–1 3x – tan–1 x
2x 2x
2
2x 1 3x 2
4x 3 x 0
1
x = 0,
2
None of which satisfies 1 x 2
a c
similarly cos x 2 1
ab
ab c(a b)
so that a sin–1 x + b cos–1 x =
ab
Hence (D) is the correct answer.
Example 15:
x x y
If x > y > 0, then tan 1 tan 1 is equal to
y x y
(A) (B)
4 4
3
(C) (D) none of these
4
Solution:
x xy
since . 1 , then the equation is equal to
y xy
x xy
y xy
1
tan 1 3
1 x x y = tan ( 1)
4
y x y
Hence (C) is the correct answer.