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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:06/June-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM IN INDIA AND PROSPECTS
FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Dr. Moiz Akhtar*1, Dr. Uzmi Anjum*2
*1,2Assistant Professor, Department Of Commerce & Management,
Integral University Lucknow, India.
ABSTARCT
Many developing countries consider tourism to be important for economic progress and poverty reduction.
However, it is also clear that the link between tourism and economic growth and poverty reduction is not
automatic. it very much depends on whether tourism generates employment opportunities ,creates linkages-in
particular with agriculture and service-providing sectors-and stimulates the development of basic
infrastructure through the construction of roads ,ports and airport facilities and the provision of financial
services from which the economy as a whole can benefit .It on also depends on whether the development of
tourism is guided by a national strategy comprising policy, regulatory and institutional frameworks with
sufficient incentives to stimulate the development of supply capacity in national markets. Equally important is
the extent to which the national strategy limits financial leakages from the domestic economy, which appears to
be perennial problem in many developing countries, and the efforts made to minimize the adverse impact of
tourism on the environmental and on cultural heritage. While the role of tourism in structural economic
progress and sustainable development is not a new topic on the international agenda ,how to make tourism
more sustainable and contribute to developing countries sustainable development objectives is still a challenge
that requires urgent attention.
Keywords: Sustainable Tourism, Sustainable Development.
I. INTRODUCTION
The tourism industry of India is economically important and grows rapidly .the World Travel & Tourism
Council calculated that tourism generated INR 6.4 trillion or 6.6% of the nation’s GDP in 2012.It supported 39.5
millions jobs 7.7% of its total employment .The sector is predicted to grow at an average annual rate of 7.9%
from 2013 to 2023 .This gives India the third rank among countries with the fastest growing tourism industries
over the next decade. India has a large medical tourism sector which is expected to grow at an estimated rate of
30% annually to reach about 95 billion by 2015.This paper discuss how India is emerging as a popular tourist
destination in the world, driven by the focus on innovation and creating value for tourists .It aimed change the
attitude and behavior towards foreign tourists by stressing on the aspects that a guest has been held in high
esteem in India since ancient times .It also examines the impact of India’s economic growth on tourism.
Contributors to economic growth, Role of Tourism industry in India’s GDP, Foreign versus Domestic Tourists.
The paper also explores that there has been a tremendous growth in tourism in India because of the policies of
the government and support from all levels. Tourism is considered to be an economic bonanza. It is a multi-
segment industry. While gauging the positive Economics effects of tourist, we study its contribution to the
generation of national income, expansion of employment opportunities, rising of tax revenue, generation of
foreign exchange, And transformation of regional economy. Travel &Tourism is an important economic activity
in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic impact, the industry has significant indirect
and induced impacts. Indian Tourism offers a potpourri of different cultures, traditions festivals and places of
interest. There are a lot of options for the tourists. India is a country with rich cultural and traditional diversity.
This aspect is even reflected in its tourism .The different parts of the country offer wide variety of interesting
places to visit.
Increasing numbers of globetrotters and the consequent growth of the travel and tourism industry have
significant implications on passenger air transport traffic. Since the 1980’s air traffic has doubled every 15
years, a trend which is expected to continue. Nearly 4 billion people travelled by plane in 2016,a number which
is expected to reach 7.2 billion by 2035.
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While the economic benefits are clear, it is important to understand the repercussions on the environment and
on local communities .Despite difficulties in measuring the net impact of tourism on the environment, growth in
the number of global tourists does impact local environments and local communities .This must be mitigated to
ensure the industry’s long-term sustainability and contribute to fight against climate change.
Sustainable tourism is a kind of approach to tourism meant to make the development of tourism ecologically
supportable in the long term. The very importance of sustainable tourism lies in its motives to conserve the
resources and increase the value of local culture and tradition. Sustainable tourism is a responsible tourism
intending to generate employment and income along with alleviating any deeper impact on environment and
local culture.
II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The present study is based on the secondary data published by various agencies and organizations. The present
study makes use of data and information provided by,UNWTO, Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Statistics and
Program Implementations Newspaper, Magazines, Book, Economic journals and Internet etc.
Objectives
The objectives of this research paper have been mentioned below:
(1) To know about tourism industry in India.
(2) To study the economic significance of the tourism industry in India.
(3) To highlight the global trends in tourism industry for sustainable development especially of the developing
countries.
(4) To identify prospects of tourism sector in India.
(5) To propose measures to expand tourism sector ensuring sustainable development.
Tourism industry in India:
India is a country which witnesses a lot of diversity pertaining to its ecology, mythology, history, its
geographical diversity in terms of mountains , planes and plateaus and also the medicinal diversity teaching us
the Science of Life (Ayurveda).India showcases a variety of tourism options which includes Ecological Tourisms
, Historical Tourism, Adventure Tourism, Medical Tourism and an upcoming Ayurveda Tourism .So Tourism in
India could be broadly classified on the basis of above mentioned categories into:
Leisure tourism: Leisure time can be defined as “free time”, not doing any work. It is that time to do things that
you normally have no time for in your daily life. Leisure tourism includes a holiday with the relaxation, sleep,
relax, reading, walk on the beach, taking a scenic drive or the sports activities like hiking, swimming, surfing,
running. Visit places of interest and local attraction, Visiting Friends and relatives and shopping for goods that
will be used by the tourist.
Business tourism: Business tourism can be defined as:” Travel for the purpose of business”. Business tourism
can be divided into three sections :-(a) Trading for goods to be resold on a wholesale basis. (b)Conduct business
transactions example visiting a client, contract negotiations. (c) Attending a conference, exhibition or event
associated with their business.
Ecological tourism: The rich diversity in the flora and fauna with a blessing of beautiful natural attractions has
encouraged Ecological Tourism in India. The forests cover on the Andaman and Nicobar islands, Orissa,
Meghalaya and the Malabar Coast; the Kaziranga and Jim Corbette wildlife sanctuaries; the mountain ranges in
North India and the Hill Stations such as Shimla, kullu,Manali, ooty; the paradise on earth, Kashmir, the
beautiful beaches at Goa and the backwaters of kerala and much more is nothing but a feast for all nature
lovers.
Pilgrimage tourism: India has a very strong mythological background and also known as the LAND OF GODS
AND GODDESS. India being the most culturally developed country and the birthplace of many saints, poets and
philosophers has marked growth in pilgrimage Tourism since ancient times itself. Kedarnath, Badrinath,
Amarnath, the Golden Temple at Amritsar, Dwarka, Dargahs and masjids at Delhi and Ajmer, churches and
temples at Goa are some of the common tourists’ attractions pertaining to pilgrimage tourism.

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Historical tourism: India is a Land which gave birth to many legendary rulers and warriors creating a glorious
historical background. Every city or place in India has a story to tell about its history. The common tourists’
attractions for the same include the Taj Mahal at Agra, the beautifully craved Ajanta Ellora and Khajuraho caves,
the forts at Delhi, Rajasthan and Maharashtra, one of the oldest and historical cities of India “Madurai” and
many more.
Medical tourism: Medical Tourism is an upcoming kind of tourism in India. Due to low cost and efficient
medication facilities more number of people all over the world considers India to be a better option for
medication purpose
Ayurveda and yoga tourism: Ayurveda may be regarded as the “Science of Life”. Which was developed long
ago in 600 BC? India has witnessed an overall growth in tourist arrivals due to the upcoming; Ayurveda
Tourism. The state of Kerala in South India is the popular destination of Ayurveda Tourism. The main focus of
India Yoga is nothing but simple ‘Yogasanas’ and meditation which rejuvenates one’s mind, body and soul.
There are many Ashrams in India encourages Yoga Tourism. The mountain ranges of the Himalayas, Rishikesh,
kedarnath, Gangotri of northern India are some of the places where one can get eternal peace and satisfy their
spiritual quest and are the perfect destinations for Yoga Tourism.
Adventure tourism: Due to its geographical diversity India is one of the finest places for adventure tourism.
Mountaineering, skiing, trekking in the ranges of Himalayas, camel Safari in Rajasthan, River rafting in the
Ganges near Rishikesh, Rock climbing, wind rafting and much more of in adventure for every adventure lover is
bestowed by Indian upon its tourist.
Sports tourism: Sports tourism refers to international travel either for viewing or participating in a sporting
event. Examples include international sporting events such as the Olympics, world cup (soccer, rugby, and
cricket), tennis, golf formula 1 Grand Prix.
Wildlife tourism: Wildlife tourism is the observation of wild (non-domestic) animals in their natural
environment or in captivity. It includes activities such as photography, viewing and is closely associated with
eco-tourism and sustainable-tourism. Tourism is also a profitable industry for the following sectors;
accommodation venues, tour guides, recreation, attractions, events and conference, food and beverage,
transportation and the travel trade.
Domestic tourism flows in India
Domestic tourism continued to grow at a double-digit rate in 2012. The growth was driven by rising numbers of
people travelling across the country for pilgrimage, wildlife, sightseeing, photography and adventure sports
holidays. Figure 1 shows the total contribution of travel and tourism to employment. Some of the other factors
also include wider economic growth of the country, rising disposable incomes, formal employment with leave
entitlement etc. Domestic tourism also witnessed growth due to increased marketing efforts through television
commercials, tour operators and agents of various states highlighting the best tourism experiences on offer.
Domestic tourism is expected to grow at a CAGR of 11% in the forecast period in terms of numbers of trips. The
number of holidays takers overall is expected to increase at a CAGR of 11% in the forecast period in terms of
number of trips. The number of holidays takers overall is expected to increase at a CAGR of 5% boosting
domestic tourism. Additionally, disposable income will rise, enabling locals to take more trips annually.
Furthermore, the weakness of the Indian rupee against the dollar and other currencies will encourage locals to
take trips within the country, where their purchasing power will be stronger. (Over 30% Indian tourist are
Gujrat’s: Tourism ministry) Gujrat comes in ninth place when it comes to attracting tourists from other Indian
states and it is nowhere among the top 10 with regards to foreign tourist visits. However, the state takes the top
slot when it comes to travelling outside, be it within the country or to international locations, Followed closely
by Maharashtra. Both, Gujrat and Maharashtra are front runners for offering tourists to domestic and
international circuits. Of the overall tourists from India visiting domestic and international destinations, nearly
30-40 percent are from Gujrat. Considering this penchant of Gujarati’s for travel, Gujarat chief minister
Narendra Modi had said during his visit to West Bengal, ‘’Gujarat was never a tourist destination, but Gujarati’s
are the best tourists.’’ Apart from Gujarat and Maharashtra, Delhi and West Bengal send the highest number of
tourists to various outside destinations. According to tourism ministry data, the number of outbound tourists
from India to international destinations increased by 6.7 percent to 14.92 million in 2012 over the previous
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year. The ministry data also states that the total number of domestic tourist visit in 2012 was 1.036 billion, that
is to say over 1.036 billion domestic tourists travelled to different parts of the country during 2012, up from
850 million travelers in 2011.
Economic significance of Tourism in India:
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism includes its ‘wider impacts’ (i.e the indirect and induced impacts) on
the economy. The ‘indirect’ contribution includes the GDP and jobs supported by:
 Travel & Tourism investment spending -an important aspect of both current and future activity that
includes investment activity such as the purchase of new aircraft and construction of new hotels.
 Government ‘collective’ spending, which helps Travel & Tourism activity in many different ways as it is
made on behalf of the ‘community at large’ example tourism marketing and promotion, aviation,
administration, security services, resort area security services, resort area sanitation services, etc.
 Domestic purchases of goods and services by the sectors dealing directly with tourists-including, for
example, purchases of food and cleaning services by hotels, of fuel and catering services by airlines, and IT
services by travel agents.
The induced contribution measures the GDP and jobs supported by the spending of those who are directly
indirectly employed by the Travel & Tourism industry.
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2016 was INR 4,809.8bn (3.3%of GDP).This is forecast to
rise by 6.9% to INR 5,141.1bn in 2017.This primarily reflects the economic activity generated by industries
such as hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services (excluding computer
services).But it also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure industries directly
supported by tourists. The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is expected to grow by 6.8% pa to
INR 9,948(3.5% of GDP) by 2027.
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP (including wider effects from investment, the supply chain
and induced income impacts, see page 2) was INR 14,018.5bn in 2016(9.6% of GDP) and is expected to grow by
6.7% to INR 14,964.3bn (9.6% of GDP) in 2017.It is forecast to rise by 6.7% pa to INR 28,491.8bn by2027
(10.0% of GDP)
The above-mentioned statistics have significantly impacted the economy by:
Generation of National Income:
Different services like transportation services, hotel and restaurants, entertainment centers, amusement parks,
sales outlets, tourist resorts, handicrafts and jewelries are included in tourism industries. So, it contributes to
the national income generation.
The tourism industry contributes 7.3 per cent of GDP and accounts for 6.5 per cent of the total exports. In
addition to the tourism sector contributes 2.7 per cent of the total employment in the economy. As it is highly
labor-intensive industry it provides employment to skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled persons. The labor
capital ratio is highest in this sector. Women workers are also high in this sector and they are employed in
different sectors like travel agencies, cultural activities airline services, Handicraft and hotels. If direct
employment is 1 in the tourism sector, the generated employment is 1.358 persons in other sectors of economy
due to linkages with tourism (Ganesh & Madhavi, 2007)
Generation of foreign exchange: The foreign exchange of the country increases from Rs.2613 core in 1990 to
Rs 123320 crore in 2014.The average annual rate of foreign exchange earnings was 14.5 per cent in
2014.Foreign exchange earnings from tourism show an increasing trend over the years. It was Rs 123320 crore
in 2014 as compared to Rs 107671crore in 2013. The growth rate of the earnings in 2014 was 14.5 per cent as
compared to 14 in 2013 per cent.On the other hand, foreign exchange earnings in US$ 18445 million in
2013.The table 4 express the foreign exchange earnings from 2000to 2014 in India.
Global trends in tourism industry for sustainable development (special reference to developing
countries)
WTC looks at the economic impact of Travel & Tourism across 185 countries, in terms of four major indicators
of GDP contribution, employment, visitor exports, and investment. This allows for comparisons across
countries, now and over the next 10 years. The league tables below highlight a selection of the interesting
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results from the last data, showing the countries which are performing the best and expected to grow the
fastest. The world of travel and hospitality has entered a new era of growth and transformation. Global business
travel spending hit a record-breaking $1.2 trillion in 2015, up five percent from the previous year.1 in the
United States, renewed consumer confidence, along with a shift in household spending from goods to services
and experiences 2 (figure 1) helped leisure travel gross bookings sustain a growth rate well ahead of gross
domestic product (GDP). 3 Healthy booking trends in the business segments, as well as growth in some of the
world’s largest leisure markets, will fuel global travel growth in 2017. Direct travel and tourism GDP growth is
projected to reach 3.8% outpacing broader global GDP growth of 2.5%4. While healthy bookings growth is
projected to continue across has leisure and business fronts in 2017, the spoils are not guarantee to travel’s
biggest or most well-known brands. The past few years taught established industry incumbents to never again
underestimate a seemingly innocent travel startup. A combination of forces, including shifts in the global
economy, game-changing innovation, geo-political turmoil, natural disasters, pandemics, and rising consumer
demands reshaped the travel landscape in 2016. Expect a similar climate in 2017. Below, we reflect upon
powerful elements of change in our industry, including evolving consumer mindsets, enabling technologies,
rising forms of risk and platforms, and how they may all transform travel in 2017. Here are some examples
which will highlight the practices of the developing countries towards sustainable development.
Bhutan
Bhutan’s long-term strategy of controlled tourism with a focus on sustainability and quality has secured the
country’s reputation as an exclusive and distinctive while ensuring the long-term sustainability of the industry
and its contribution to the economy.
Aware that an unrestricted flow of tourist could negatively impact Bhutan’s pristine environment and unique
culture, the government adopted a policy of ‘high-value, low-volume’ tourism in order to control the type and
quantity of tourism right from the start.
Bhutan’s main tourism attractions are its traditional culture and way of life, its religious festivals, historic
monuments and its pristine environment. Protecting nature and culture is part of the Bhutanese value system
and is an important aspect of the traditional way of life in Bhutan, and its tourism policy reflects these concerns.
The policy of imposing a US$ 200 per person per day traffic (including US$65 royalty charged by the
government plus food, accommodation, local transport and guides) has succeeded in providing a source of
government income for education, health and building tourism and transport infrastructure, while at the same
time making tourism in Bhutan an exclusive and distinctive experience.
Brazil
Activities planned for sustainable tourism are based on Green Passport Program and the adoption of best
practices to the sector oh hotels. The National Organizing Committee included information about Green
Passport Program in Rio+20 official app and in its promotional materials. The National organizing committee
has published Sustainability Guidelines for Lodging Facilities.
The Global Green Passport Campaign is an initiative of the international Task force for sustainable tourism
development. The Government of Brazil is represented by the Ministries of Tourism and Environment, which,
together with the United Nations Environment programmed (UNEP) and the ministry of ecological and
sustainable development of France, decided to create and implement the Green Passport International
Campaign in order to achieve the objectives proposed by the international task force.
To regulate collection and treatment of urban, dangerous and industrial waste, aside from determining the
correct final destination for waste, the Brazilian Government created the National Policy for solid waste (Law
no. 12.305/10), approved in August 2010.
In the carbon market, each ton of carbon that is prevented from being emitted is transformed in credit, which
can be negotiated freely between countries or companies. The system works like a stock market, only instead of
the purchasing and sale of stock measured in money, they are worth carbon credits. To this end, the clean
development mechanism (CDM) is used, which provides for the certified reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions. Once the certification is obtained, those who reduce the emission of polluting gases have the right to
commercialize the credits obtained.

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Egypt
Egypt is looking into the possibilities for tourism opportunities throughout the country. The main target for
expanding the tourism sector is nature-based tourism. The coral reefs and rich marine life in South Sinai and
the Red Sea coast have made these two areas among the premier scuba diving destinations in the world. Many
beach resorts are now in operation and there are still hundreds to be constructed. However, previous tourism
development in Egypt has resulted in a series of negative environmental impacts. The ambitious development
plans to receive 16 million tourists by 2017 should take into consideration sustainability concepts. The
government and developers have significant roles to play in adopting and implementing environmentally sound
policies and practice to avoid the degradation of the natural heritage of Egypt for the sake of the current as well
as future generations.
Sri Lanka
Tourists from around the world regularly flock to the long stretches of coastline across the south and the west
of the island. They frequent the hills, famed for some the best tea in the world. They come to discover the
remnants of a civilization dating back over 30,000 years.
With the end of a nearly three-decade-long civil war, regions of the island that were inaccessible are now open
for tourists. These regions-north and east of the island-are home to a treasure trove of undiscovered assets.
With tourism arrivals set to rise, IFC and National Geographic are working together to bring sustainable
tourism-led growth to Sri Lanka.
The National Geographic-IFC program will provide travelers seeking unspoiled places and culturally authentic
experience in the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka with a valuable resource -a comprehensive online Geo tourism
Map Guide.
Geo tourism Map Guides are interactions online platforms that natural, historic, and cultural assets unique to a
destination, as identified by local stakeholders. The Eastern Province Geo tourism Map Guide website is one of
only 22 geo tourism programs worldwide. It highlights the unique landscapes, people, and culture of eastern Sri
Lanka.
The Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority is committed to ensuring tourist destinations make optimal use
of their environmental and cultural resources, while respecting the socio-cultural traditions of local
communities and providing economic benefits to communities, businesses, and national economies through
responsible tourism planning and development.
Prospects for tourism in India:
HIGHLIGHT OF INDIAN TOURISM
 The following are the scope and highlights of Indian Tourism
 Increase in GDPC making the tourism industry a etc.
 Helping to preserve, retain and enrich our cultural heritage.
 Increase in International Trade opportunities as well.
 Giving more innovation promotional measure for tourism.
 Offering more Tourism Education various.
 Growth in health Care Management.
 Progress in Health Care Industries Indian.
 Multi-socio culture Activities.
 Growth in hotel Industry.
 Expansion in Transport [Both Urban and Rural], Air reference, Travel and shipping.
 Enriching peripheral services to add additional Potential like developing websites for Indian tourism of and
offering hotel, hospitality, traveling assistance, booking tickets online, etc.
Model for sustainable development:
The industry`s ability to continue generations growth, creating jobs and enabling national development and
regional integration is depending on whether it recognizes and adapts to key trends and transformational
issues that will affect the industry in the short, medium and long term.

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Areas that need to be addressed include water usage, waste generation, energy consumption and the
deterioration of natural and cultural world heritage site. Research suggests that tourists tend to consume
around three to four times more water per day than permanent residents. The industry has made significant
progress over the past decade in monitoring the impact of the industry and has development solutions to
counteract the negative environmental effects of the industry.
Given widespread targets to decrease carbon emission, the industry is working to find solutions to reduce oil
dependency. The include improving aircraft and airport operations, as well as aircraft design and material use,
and considering alternative sources of energy. While implementation of global climate agreement are still a
work in progress, the travel and tourism industry has taken active steps to reduce its impact on the
environment, and plans to continue to do so while implementing better measurement tools.
In addition to bringing leaders from across the sector together to advance the dialogue on these Issue, the
aviation industry, through the international Air Transport Association (IATA), has set clear targets to reduce
carbon emissions 50% (of 2005 levels) by 2050. In addition, the Air Transport Action Group, an independent
coalition of industry organizations and companies, aims to reach a 1.5% average improvement in annual fuel
efficiency between 2009 and 2020, while stabilizing net aviation emission at 2020 levels through carbon
neutral growth. While there are no common targets for the hospitality industry to date, individual companies
are implementing measurement mechanism to monitor and reduce energy, waste and water usage.
Sustainable tourism supports travel that is ecologically maintainable in the long term, promotes indigenous
cultures and works with locals to see that the tourism industry benefits their villages and towns directly. Not all
tourism in India is sustainable, and certain tourist hot spots like Goa have been damaged by irresponsible
tourism and development. Three ways to engage in responsible tourism in India are village home stays, wildlife
ecotourism and tribal tourism.
Village Home Stays
Staying in a local home with an Indian family assures that your accommodation money goes straight to your
host rather than to a large corporation. Your host families not only provide you with a place to stay, they often
introduce you to other locals who can serve as guides, give you yoga lessons, teach you how to cook local
cuisine or prime you on the area’s indigenous language and customs.
Wildlife Ecotourism
India is home to dozens of national parks and hundreds of wildlife and bird sanctuaries. You can promote
sustainable tourism by staying in eco-friendly lodges and hiring ecotourism operators to guide you through the
parks. Choose companies that hire local guides and give a percentage of proceeds back to the park or to
surrounding villages. Stay at smaller, locally ran lodges and guesthouses that use local produce and strive to cut
down on waste and their impact on the environment. Eco India books ecotours at wildlife viewing destinations
across the country.
Tribal & Cultural Tourism
Another way to practice sustainable travel is to sign up for tribal and cultural tours that have eco-friendly
practices and promote local heritage. Rajasthan’s deserts, Orissa’s steamy jungles and Northeast India’s
mountains areas are all good destinations for these types of tours. Some tour companies like Marwar Eco-
Cultural Tours in Rajasthan, double as NGOs (non-governmental organizations) and promote community-
development projects in the villages on their travel itineraries. Booking tours near your destination with
smaller companies can give you a better chance of supporting local workers and communities with your travel
money. Conversely, watching cultural shows at exclusive hotels may send only a trickle of that money back to
the performers’ home villages. Sustainable Travel International (STI), a US-based organization, lists and
endorses sustainable travel companies around the world.
III. CONCLUSION
Tourism is a major driver of economic growth globally. India’s tourism industry is experiencing a strong period
of growth driven by the burgeoning India middle class, growth in high spending foreign tourist and coordinated
government campaigns to promote ‘Incredible India’. For a developing country like India which is on the path
modern economic growth through structural transformation of the economy, tourism is the right vehicle.
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With its forward and backward linkages with a host of sectors like transport, hospitality, education, heath,
banking India is all set to reap full potential of this vibrant sector. Unifying force Tourism sector is not a major
contributor to the growth but a generator of employments. Various initiative have also been taken by the
Tourism Ministry of India, the tourism minister’s of various states and the private players to transform India
into a lucrative tourist destination in the world. Let us hope that India tourism will have massive impact and
will be a global leader by the year 2020.
IV. REFERENCES
[1] Archer, B.H. 1989. Tourism and ISLAND economies Impact Analyses, in C.P. Cooper (ed), Progress in
Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management Chapter8: 125-34, London and New York: Belhaven
press.
[2] Ganesh Aurobindo and Dr. Madhavi, C., Impact of tourism on Indian Economy-A snapshot, Journal of
contemporary Research in management, Volume-1, NO.1,2 Jan- June 2007pp235-240,Down loaded
from http:/ www.181-240-1PB.pdf on 2-12-2014.
[3] Hall, C.M., 1992. Hallmark Tourist events: Impact, Management, and planning, London, Belhaven.
[4] Pao, Jay, W, 2005 A Review of Economic impact analysis for tourism and its implication for Macao,
retrieved on 4-01-2016 from www.Econ.impact en.pdf
[5] Pearce, G. and Buller, Richard, W. 2010. Measuring and Interpreting the economics Impact of tourism:
20/20 Hindsight and foresight by Douglas Fettling and Egon Smeral, Good Fellow Publishing, down
loaded from www. Frechtling Smeral, Good fellow Publishing, downloaded from:
www.FrechtlingSmeral2020.pdf on 04-01-2016.
[6] Sharma, Kshitiz, 201. Introduction to tourism management, Mc Graw Hill Education(India) Private
Limited, New Delhi SMITH, S.L.J,1997. TSAs and the WTTC/WEFA Methodology: Different Satellite or
Different Satellite or Different Planets? Tourism Economics Impact 2015 downloaded from www.org
on 07-12-201 $42Sam (2013), India Costs: $42 a Day, downloaded from:
hhtp://plottingthecourse.com/india-cost-42-a-day/on 21-12-2015.

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