LEVEL - 1(CBSE)

(REVIEW YOUR CONCEPTS)

1. A body of mass 2 kg initially at rest moves under the action of an applied horizontal force of 7 N on
a table with coefficient of kinetic friction = 0.1. Compute the
(a) work done by the applied force in 10 s,
(b) work done by friction in 10s
(c) work done by the net force on the body in 10 s
(d) change in kinetic energy of the body in 10 s.
V(x)
2. The potential energy function for particle executing linear simple
harmonic motion is given by V( x )  kx 2 / 2 . Where k is the force
constant of the oscillator. For k = 0.5 N m-1, the graph of V( x )
versus x is shown in Figure. Show that a particle of total energy 1
J moving under this potential must ‘turn back’ when it reaches x = x
± 2 m.

3. A body is initially at rest. It undergoes one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration. Show
that power delivered to it at time t is proportional to t.

4. A body constrained to move along the z-axis of a coordinate system is subject to a constant force
F given by

F  iˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ N
where î, ĵ, k̂ are unit vectors along the x, y and z-axes of the system respectively. What is the
work done by this force in moving the body a distance of 4 m along the z-axis?

5. A rain drop of radius 2 mm falls from a height of 500 m above the ground. It falls with decreasing
acceleration (due to viscous resistance of the air) until at half of its original height, it attains maximum
(terminal) speed, and moves with unifrom speed thereafter. What is the work done by the gravitational
force on the drop in the first and second half of its journey? What is the work done by the resistive
force in the entire journey if its speed on reaching the ground is 10 ms-1?[density of water = 1000 kg/
m3 ]

1 / 2 1
6. A particle of mass 0.5 kg travels in a straight line with velocity v  ax 3 / 2 where a = 5 m s .
What is the work done by the net force during its displacement from x = 0 to x = 2 m?

7. A large family uses 8 kW of power. (a) Direct solar energy is incident on the horizontal surface at an
average rate of 200 W per square meter. If 20% of this energy can be converted to useful electrical
energy, how large an area is needed to supply 8 kW? (b) Compare this area to that of the roof of a
typical house.
 k = 100 N/m
8. A 1 kg block situated on a rough incline is connected to a spring of
spring constant 100 Nm-1 as shown in Figure. The block is re-
leased from rest with the spring in the unstretched position. The
block moves 10 cm down the incline before coming to rest. Find the 1 kg
coefficient of friction between the block and the incline. Assume 37º
that the spring has negligible mass and the pulley is frictionless.

9. A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump up water to fill a tank of volume 30m3 in 15 min.
If the tank is 40 m above the ground, and the efficiency of the pump is 30% , how much electric
power is consumed by the pump? [density of water = 1000 kg/m3]

10. A bolt of mass 0.3 kg falls from the ceiling of an elevator moving down with an uniform speed of
7 ms-1. It hits the floor of the elevator (length of the elevator = 3m) and does not rebound. What is
the heat produced by the impact. Would your answer be different if the elevator were stationary?

11. A particle of mass 0.01 kg travels along a space curve with velocity given by 4î  16k̂ ms 1 . After

some time, its velocity becomes 8î  20 ĵ ms 1 due to the action of a conservative force. Calculate the
work done on particle during this interval of time

12. A particle moves in a straight line with retardation proportional to its displacement. Show that its loss
of kinetic energy for any displacement x is proportional to x2 .

13. A body is attached to the lower end of a vertical spiral spring and it is gradually lowered to its
equilibrium position. This stretches the spring by a length d. If the same body attached to the same
spring is allowed to fall suddenly, what would the maximum stretching in this case

14. A spring obeys Hooke’s law with a force constant k. It required 4 J of work to stretch it through 10
cm beyond its unstretched length. Calculate (a) value of force constant k and (b) the extra work
required to stretch it through additional 10 cm.

15. Show that the kinetic energy acquired by a body of mass m in traveling a certain distance starting
from rest, under a constant force is independent of m.
 LEVEL - II
(BRUSH UP YOUR CONCEPTS)

1. A ring of mass m slides on a smooth vertical rod ; attached to the ring is a light
string passing over a smooth peg distant a from the rod, and at the other end of
the string is a mass M ( > m). The ring is held on a level with the peg and
released :
2mMa
Show that it first comes to rest after falling a distance : 2 .
M  m2

2. A small body A starts sliding from the height h down an inclined

groove passing into a half - circle of radius h/2 (see figure).
Assuming the friction to be negligible, find the velocity of the body
at the highest point of its trajectory (after breaking off the groove).

3. An ideal massless spring can be compressed by 1 m by a force of

100 N. The same spring is placed at the bottom of a frictionless
inclined plane which makes an angle  = 300 with the horizontal.
A 10 kg mass is released from rest at the top of the incline and is 300
brought to rest momentarily after compressing the spring 2 meters.
(a) Through what distance does the mass slide before coming to rest ?
(b) What is the speed of the mass just before it reaches the spring ?

4. A stone with weight ‘w’ is thrown vertically upward into the air with initial speed v0. If a con-
stant force f due to air drag acts on the stone throughout its flight.
v 02
(a) Show that the maximum height reached by the stone is h 
2g[1  f / w ]
1/ 2
w f 
(b) Show that the speed of the stone upon impact with the ground is v  v 0  
w  f 
5. A particle is projected, along the inside of a smooth fixed sphere, from the lowest point, with a
velocity equal to the due to falling freely down the vertical diameter of the sphere. Show that the
particle will leave the sphere and afterwards pass vertically over the point of projection at a dis-
tance equal to (25/32) of the diameter.

6. Show that a particle projected with velocity (2ag ) from the lowest point of a vertical circle of
radius a and moving inside it will just reach the end of the horizontal diameter; while if projected
with velocity (5ag) , it will just reach the highest point. Prove that the reaction at any point in the
first case is proportional to the depth below the horizontal diameter and in the second case to the
depth below the highest point.
7. A particle of mass m moves along a circle of radius R with a normal acceleration varying with time
as a n  bt 2 , where b is a constant. Find the time dependence of the power developed by all the
forces acting on the particle, and the mean value of this power averaged over the first t seconds
after the beginning of motion.

8. In a certain two-dimensional field of force the potential energy of a particle has the form
U  x 2   y 2 , where  and  are positive constants whose magnitudes are diferent. Find out :
(a) whether this field is central:
(b) what is the shape of the equipotential surfaces and also of the surfaces for which the magni-
tude of the vector of force F = const.

9. One end of a spring of natural length h and spring constant k is

fixed at the ground and the other is fitted with a smooth ring of
mass m which is allowed to slide on a horizontal rod fixed at a
height h (see figure). Initially, the spring makes an angle of 37° with
the vertical when the system is released from rest. Find the speed
of the ring when the spring becomes vertial.

10. A car is travelling on a level road with speed v0 at the instant when the brakes lock, so that tyres
slide rather than roll.
(a) Use the work energy theorem to calculate the minimum stopping distance of the car in terms of
v0, the acceleration of gravity g, and the coefficient of kinetic friction k between the tires and the
road.
(b) The car stops in a distance of 98.3 m if v0 = 90 km/h. What is the stopping distance if
v0 = 60 km/h ? Assume that k remains the same, so that the friction force remains the same.
 LEVEL - III
(CHECK YOUR SKILLS)

1. In the reference frame K two particles travel along the x-axis one of mass m1 with velocity v1, and
the other of mass m2 with velocity v2. Find:
(a) The velocity v of the reference frame k’ in which the cumulative K.E. of these particles is
minimum.
(b) The cumulative K.E. of these particles in the k’ frame r

2. A thin rim of mass m and radius r rolls down an inclined plane of

slope  , winding thereby a thin ribbon of linear density (shown in the
h
figure). At the initial moment, the rim is at a height h above the
horizontal surface. 
Determine the distance s from the foot of the inclined plane at which the rim stops, assuming that
the incline plane smoothly changes into the horizontal plane.
m
3. A small particle of mass m initially at A (see Figure) slides down A r B
a frictionless surface AEB. When the particle is at the point C, 
show that the angular velocity and the force exerted by the surface
are C

2g sin 
 and F  3 mg sin 
r
A
4. A chain AB of length l is loaded in a smooth horizontal tube so that its
fraction of length h hangs freely and touches the surface of the table with
its end B. At a certain moment, the end A of the chain is set free, with
what velocity will this end of the chain slip out of the tube? h

5. A small sphere tied to the string of length 0.8m is describing a vertical circle so that the maximum
and minimum tensions in the strings are in the ratio 3:1. The fixed end of the string is at a height of
5.8m above ground.
(a) Find the velocity of the sphere at the lowest position.
(b) If the string suddenly breaks at the lowest position, when and where will the sphere hit the
ground? (take g = 10 m/s2)
E
6. A body of mass m was slowly hauled up the hill. (fig) by a force E
which at each point was directed along a tangent to the trajectory. m
h
Find the work performed by this force, if the height of the hill is h, the
length of its base l, and coefficient of kinetic friction k.
l
7. A small bar resting on a s mooth horizontal plane is attached by threads to O
a point P (fig.) and by means of a weightless pulley, to a weight B pos- l0
sessing the same mass as the bar itself. Besides, the bar is also attached
P A
to a point O by means of a light non-deformed spring of length l0 = 50 cm
and the stiffness K = 5 mg/l0, where m is the mass of the
bar. The thread PA having been burned, the bar starts moving. Find its B
velocity at the moment when it is breaking off the plane.

8. A horizontal plane supports a plank with a bar of mass m = 1.0 kg

O
placed on it and attached by a light elastic non-deformed cord of
length l0 = 40 cm to a point O (fig.). The coefficient of friction l0
between the bar and the plank equals k = 0.20. The plank is
m
slowly shifted to the right until the bar starts sliding over it. It
occurs at the moment when the cord deviates from the vertical by
an angle  = 300. Find the work that has been performed by that
moment by the friction force acting on the bar in the reference
frame fixed to the plane.

9. The figure shows a ball A of mass m connected to a light spring of

stiffness k. Another identical ball B is connected with the ball A by A
a light inextensible string as shown in the figure. Other end of the R
spring is fixed. Initially the spring is in relaxed position. A vertical B /4
force F acts on B such that the balls move slowly. What is the
F
work done by the force in pulling the ball B till the ball A reaches at
the top of the cylindrical surface the ball A remains in contact with
the surface and coefficient of friction between the surface and the
ball A is  .

10. Two blocks P and Q of mass 2 m and m respectively are connected

by a massless string and are at rest as shown in figure all pulleys
are ideal and the surface is frictionless. Find the velocity of the
block P at point A and B when the system is released from rest.
[at A, thread from P to pulley is vertical]
 LEVEL - IV

O A

1. A particle is suspended vertically from a point O by an inextensible massless string

of length L. A vertical line AB is is at a distance of LS from O as shown. The L
object is given a horizontal velocity u. At some point, its motion ceases to be circular L 8

and eventually the object passed through the line AB. At the instant of crossing
AB, its velocity is horizontal. Find u.
u
B

2. A cart is moving along x direction with a velocity of 4 m/s. A person on the cart throws a stone with
a velocity of 6 m/s relative to himself. In the frame of reference of the cart, the stone is thrown in y-
z plane making an angle of 300 with vertical z-axis. At the highest point of its trajectory, the stone hits
an object of equal mass hung vertically from branch of a tree by means of a string of length L. A
completely inelastic collision occurs in which the stone gets embedded in the object. Determine
(a) The speed of the combined mass immediately after the collision with respect to an observer
on the ground.
(b) The length L of the string such that the tension in the string becomes zero when the string
becomes horizontal during the subsequent motion of the combined mass.

3. A spherical ball of mass m is kept at the highest point in the space

between two fixed, concentric spheres A and B (see Figure). The Sphere B
smaller sphere A has a radius R and the space between the two 
spheres has a width d. The ball has a diameter very slightly less d
O
than d. All surfaces are frictionless. The ball is given a gentle push R
(towards the right in the figure). The angle made by the radius
vector of the ball with the upward vertical is denoted by  (Shown Sphere A

in the figure).
(a) express the total normal reaction force exerted by the spheres on the ball as a function of
angle  .
(b) let NA and NB denote the magnitudes of the normal reaction forces on the ball exerted by the
spheres A and B, respectively. Sketch the variations of NA and NB as functions of cos  in the
range 0   <  by drawing two separate graphs in your answer book, taking cos  on the
horizontal axes.