RRL

SOCIAL MEDIA

Even while social media is widely used and plays a significant part in our daily lives, we still

know very little about how exactly "social" it is from a theoretical standpoint. Social media can

relate to a wide range of topics, but they are generally considered to be useful spaces that

encourage the development and sharing of user-generated content (Kaye, 2021).

On Tokyo, online media environment called Matisse in 1994, the phrase “social media” (SM)

was first used. It was during these early stages of the commercial Internet that the first SM

platforms were created and introduced (Aichner, et al., 2019)

Social media has developed into a key tool for gathering and disseminating information across a

variety of industries, including business, entertainment, science, crisis management, and politics.

(Hruska & Maresova, 2020).

However, over the past ten years, the use of cellphones and social media by kids and teenagers

has skyrocketed along with an increase in mental discomfort and the treatment of mental health

disorders among youth in North America (Jaoude, et al., 2021)

PROCRASTINATION

The practice of delaying or postponing things until the very last minute or after their due

date is known as procrastination. Procrastination, according to some academics, is a “form

of self-regulation failure characterized by the willful delay of tasks despite potentially

detrimental consequence” (Cherry, 2022)

The constant and quick changes in social, professional, and academic activities, the rising

demands on human society for self-management and self-control, and the general rise in

anxiety and even fear of new information have come to define modern society. This has led

to a growing interest in topics like procrastination and laziness (Dauvtov, 2020).

The most consistent finding at both levels of analysis was that procrastination was

negatively associated with academic achievement and well-being. More precisely, higher

procrastination was related to lower grades and more negative affect at both levels, while

also being related to less positive affect at the within-person level (Klajajic, et al., 2022).

These findings are consistent with the multilevel study of Kljajic and Gaudreau (2018)

which has shown a negative relation between procrastination and grades across students

(i.e., between-person level) and across the courses taken by each student (i.e., within-person

level).

SLEEP DEPRIVATION

Teenagers currently sleep less than teenagers in earlier generations. People’s constant

connectivity in the digital world is largely the result of technology, which is also a result of

shifting societal aspirations for closeness shown through immediacy (Seton & Flitzgerald,

2021)

In addition, the development of sleep regulating mechanisms during adolescence, in

conjunction with psychosocial and societal stresses, results in a “Perfect Storm” of short

and irregular sleep, as well as the negative effects it has on many children (Crowley, et al.,

2018).
Furthermore, a recent study indicated that 20% of persons between the ages of 25 and 45

consistently slept 90 minutes fewer per night than was required to maintain excellent

health. Due to our society's 24/7 nature, which includes activities to accomplish at all hours

and growing access to nighttime computer, mobile phone, and television use, the issue of

insufficient sleep is expected to get worse (Hanson, 2023)

In conclusion, the economic impact of sleep deprivation is burdensome for healthcare

workforce engagement with annual cost associated with sleep related work problems (i.e.

decreased productivity, accident and error, personal health and absenteeism) estimated at

least $60 billion annually1 in the United States of America and a financial loss of 1.86%

GDP2 in the United Kingdom (Whelehan, et al., 2020)

ADDICTION

People’s lives have altered significantly as a result of the quick growth of information and

communication technologies. Due in great part to its accessibility and speed, interpersonal

contact now occurs mostly in online settings (Ostendorf et al., 2020).

Within recent years there has been increasing societal concern around the compulsive and

excessive use of digital and Internet-enabled devices, such as the use of social media or

online video gaming, and associated psychological and physical harms (Almourad, et al.,

2020).

Cheng, et al., (2021) found out, researchers from all across the world are conducting

studies to determine just how widespread the issue of social media addiction is. The

literature reports a wide range in the prevalence rates of social media addiction.
Similar study shows, social networks are used by 58.4% of Internet users between 16 and

70. In addition, a person uses SNS for 2.5 hours on average. Studying this phenomena and

its effects on users’ health and wellbeing have gained more attention as a result of its

widespread and exponentially expanding use ( We are Social & Hootsuite, 2022)