Module 1 Graphical Representation of a 2D Force acting on a rigid body.

Lesson 1. Graphical Representation of a Force in Cartesian and Polar Coordinate System

Intended learning outcomes:
After studying the lesson, the learner shall be able to:
1. draw to an arbitrary scale in Cartesian Plane an arrow representing a force
acting on a rigid body.
2. label appropriately the graphical representation of a force in a Cartesian
coordinate system.
3. draw a graphical representation of a force in the Polar coordinate system.
4. draw arrows representing the force and its components and label them using
appropriate notation for indicating the vector and its magnitude.

Rationale
Force
Unit of a Force
Graphical representation of a force
Shape
Tail and Tip
Length
Point of Application
Line of Action
Orientation
Cartesian Coordinate System
Transmissibility
Polar Coordinate System

Lesson 2. Graphical Representation of A Force in Cartesian and Polar Coordinate System

Cartesian vector coordinate system
Unit vector
Applicable concept: Vectors having parallel or collinear lines of action and
having the same direction have the same unit vectors.
How to find unit Vectors
Case 1. The angle between the positive axes and a line parallel or colinear to a
line of action of the given force can be determined by visual inspection.
Applicable Concept: Angle forms between two lines
Formulas:
Case 2. The coordinate of any two points in a line parallel or colinear to a line of
action of the given force can be determined by visual inspection.
Applicable Concepts: Distance between two points
Formulas
Case 3 The slope of a line parallel or colinear to a line of action of the given
force can be determined by visual inspection.
Applicable concepts: Theorem on proportional triangles
Formulas
Sample Problems:
Draw the Graphical representation of
Lesson 2. Analysis of a force Graphical Representation graphically represented in Cartesian
Coordinate System.
Intended learning outcomes:
After studying the lesson the learner shall be able to:
5. draw the force diagram showing the force and its rectangular components;
6. determine the rectangular components of a force.;
7. expressed the force in its rectangular form; and
8. resolve the force into its rectangular components.

Graphical Representation of a force in Cartesian Coordinate System

Rectangular components of a force are components that are perpendicular to each other.
Force diagram

The magnitude and Arrow Direction Form

The magnitude and Body Direction Form
Algebraic Form:
Sign Convention

The resolution of a force into its components is the act of replacing a force with its components.
Force diagram

Sample Problem:

1. The magnitude of the force P in the figure shown below is 150N, a.) draw a force diagram of the
force showing the force and its rectangular components. b.) determine its x and y components and
express each component in magnitude and direction form and in algebraic form., c) express the force
in its rectangular form d.) resolve the force into its rectangular components.

Solution:
a. Force Diagram

b. X and Y components of the force

Magnitude and Direction Form: Algebraic Form

Fx = F Cos A = Fx = F Cos A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

Fy = F Sin A= Fy = F Sin A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

c. Rectangular Form
Fx =

d. Resolution of the force into its components

2.. The magnitude of the force P in the figure shown below is 150N, a.) draw a force diagram of the
force showing the force and its rectangular components. b.) determine its x and y components and
express each component in magnitude and direction form and in algebraic form., c) express the force
in its rectangular form d.) resolve the force into its rectangular components.

Solution:
b. Force Diagram

c. X and Y components of the force

Magnitude and Direction Form: Algebraic Form

Fx = F Cos A = Fx = F Cos A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

Fy = F Sin A= Fy = F Sin A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

c. Rectangular Form
Fx =

d. Resolution of the force into its components

3.. The magnitude of the force P in the figure shown below is 150N, a.) draw a force diagram of the
force showing the force and its rectangular components. b.) determine its x and y components and
express each component in magnitude and direction form and in algebraic form., c) express the force
in its rectangular form d.) resolve the force into its rectangular components.

Solution:
c. Force Diagram

d. X and Y components of the force

Magnitude and Direction Form: Algebraic Form

Fx = F Cos A = Fx = F Cos A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

Fy = F Sin A= Fy = F Sin A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

c. Rectangular Form
Fx =
d. Resolution of the force into its components

1. The magnitude of the force P in the figure shown below is 150N, a.) draw a force diagram of the
force showing the force and its rectangular components. b.) determine its x and y components and
express each component in magnitude and direction form and in algebraic form., c) express the force
in its rectangular form d.) resolve the force into its rectangular components.

Solution:
d. Force Diagram

e. X and Y components of the force

Magnitude and Direction Form: Algebraic Form

Fx = F Cos A = Fx = F Cos A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

Fy = F Sin A= Fy = F Sin A
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A

c. Rectangular Form
Fx =

d. Resolution of the force into its components

4. The magnitude of the force P in the figure shown below is 150N, a.) draw a force diagram of the
force showing the force and its rectangular components. b.) determine its x and y components and
express each component in magnitude and direction form and in algebraic form., c) express the force
in its rectangular form d.) resolve the force into its rectangular components.

Solution:
e. Force Diagram

f. X and Y components of the force

Magnitude and Direction Form:

Fx = F Cos A = Algebraic Form
Fx = F Cos A Fx = F Cos A
Fx = F Cos A
Fy = F Sin A=
Fx = F Cos A Fy = F Sin A
 Fx = F Cos A

c. Rectangular Form
Fx =

d. Resolution of the force into its components