INTERNATIONAL MARKETING

ASSIGNMENT

INDIA’S DEVELOPMENT FROM 20TH – 21ST

CENTURIES COMPARED WITH CHINA

GROUP
VANSHIKA (20212MBA0100)
ISH (20212MBA0060)
RISHABH (
ANJALI SHARMA(

SUBMITTED TO- PROF. UTTAM CHAKRABORTY

India now ranks third among the world's most desirable locations for
technological investments, which indicates that the country's
scientific fields have advanced significantly. India has established
itself as one of the leading nations for scientific research in the
twenty-first century. For instance, India has risen to the top five
countries for space research globally thanks to its moon missions and
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).

India ranks in the top 15 nations in information and communication

technology and R&D-intensive global firms, according to the Global
Innovation Index (2020), which places the country 48th overall in
terms of innovation.

In terms of market size, R&D spending has surpassed US$ 96.50

billion in 2020, accounting for about 2% of the GDP of the nation.
India has implemented a number of financial programmes that
enable the country to develop its major strategic industries, including
the bio sciences, energy, and space. One of India's expanding sectors
that is currently the subject of a great deal of attention is energy. The
American scientist and the United States recently worked together
on a joint project named the Solar Energy Research Institute for
India, which was supported by the US-India Partnership to Advance
Clean Energy.

The growth of several technological company incubators in the

twenty-first century has also connected the ideation and
commercialization phases of a concept. With the establishment of
the National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (NITI Aayog), India has
advanced in the field of developing artificial intelligence and opened
the door for investigating its possibilities.
Even if we have cash available for scientific advancements, education
should advance concurrently to support the scientific shooting. In
order to compete with these nations, China, which awards over
20,000 PhDs each year, India must strengthen its emphasis on
education. Since post-2000 quality scientist growth has been
expedited by initiatives like the Innovation in Science Pursuit for
Inspired Research (INSPIRE) programme, the question of whether we
can make this process even better arises.

Due to the lucrative industrial career options, most students in India

choose technology over studying the basic sciences. In order to
motivate and inspire new talent to study the basic sciences and
propel the nation's primary research thurst, India has to work on this
aspect. One endeavour to support the basic sciences at the
undergraduate and graduate levels is the founding of the Indian
Institutes of Science Education and Research. Many colleges and
universities (including The University of Calcutta) offer post-BSc-
B.Tech degrees that are designed to give students a solid foundation
in both science and technology.

India is steadily progressing towards being a global leader in industry

and technical advancement thanks to its emphasis on science. The
introduction of nanotechnology in India will have an impact on the
development of both the biomedical and nuclear industries. Science,
Technology, and Innovation Policy 2020, India's new plan, aims to
foster science in a more efficient and expert-driven manner. India
faces both obstacles and opportunities in the future, therefore our
developments' optimism will soon shift the focus away from
"challenges" and towards "hope."
In the middle of the 20th century, this backdrop served as the
foundation for the development policies of the newly independent
and developing nations, including India. The State was given the
primary responsibility for eradicating the colonial legacy and
accelerating the industrialization process. The astonishing
achievement of the Soviet Union in quickly becoming a rival centre of
political and industrial power provided additional evidence that the
Government needed to hold the highest positions and lead from the
front. During that time, India was a trailblazer in helping newly
independent Third World nations express their economic objectives.
India's Second Five Year Plan, published in 1956, set forth the
objectives.
"The pattern of development and the structure of socioeconomic
connections should be organised in such a way that they result in not
only noticeable increases in national income but also greater equality
in wealth and employment as well. Agencies guided by social
purpose must make important decisions about production,
distribution, consumption, and investment, as well as about all
significant socio-economic interactions.
However, the main focus was to raise the domestic savings rate by
restricting consumption, imposing high taxes, and seizing income
through ownership of businesses. These strategies were thought to
be the key to progress since they would accelerate capital
accumulation. In a well-known observation that served as a guidance
for numerous planners and policymakers in emerging nations
Understanding the process by which a community transforms itself
into an economy where voluntary saving is running at about 12 to
15% of national income or more is the central problem in the theory
of economic development. Previously, communities were only saving
and investing 4 to 5% of their national income or less. This is the
primary issue since the fundamental tenet of economic growth is
rapid capital .
WHERE AS IN THE US

The Histories and Cultures of American Indians This link launches a

new tab UCLA authentication is necessary This link launches a new
tab manuscripts, journals, newspapers, artwork, photos, maps, and
rare printed books from the time of the first encounters with
European settlers to the middle of the 20th century. cross-searchable
with the database for The American West.

The 21st century has seen both successes and failures for the United
States. We are barely two decades into the 21st century, so it is
difficult to predict what it will signify for the larger scope of history.
We may argue that this century has already seen quite a few events,
and that this trend will probably continue.
Native American life throughout the 20th and early 21st centuries
has been distinguished by similarities to and deviations from the
historical trends. The enduring multiplicity of local ethnic and
political identities is one of the more striking continuities. The
government of Canada's Dominion formally recognised more than
600 indigenous bands or tribes in 2000, and the government of the
United States did the same for an additional 560. These figures were
gradually rising as more organisations undertook the challenging
process of obtaining formal recognition.

Since the start of the 20th century, the Native American population
has continued to rebound from the startling losses of the colonial
era. According to census data from 2006, there were 1.17 million
Canadians who identified as having Native American ancestry, or
about 4% of the total population. Of them, 975,000 persons had their
heritage recognised by the dominion as being of First Nation, Métis,
or Inuit descent. Fewer than one million of these self-identified
individuals were, however, acknowledged by the government as
having native origin. According to U.S. census data from 2000, 4.3
million people, or 1-2 percent of the population, claimed to be of
Native American descent.

Native Americans' ability to freely participate in both conventional

and contemporary cultural rituals has changed dramatically from the
past. When the 21st century began, native people were employed in
almost every industry in North America, in contrast to earlier times
when many of them had very limited economic and educational
prospects. About 65 percent of American tribal members and 55
percent of Canada's indigenous people have left their reservations
for more metropolitan regions.

The effects of poorly considered government policies are also evident

in less-obvious ways. For example, many former residential-school
students did not parent well, and an unusually high number of them
suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder. Fortunately, social
service agencies found that mental health care, parenting classes,
and other actions could resolve many of the problems that flowed
from the boarding school experience.
The effects of poorly considered government policies are also evident
in less-obvious ways. For example, many former residential-school
students did not parent well, and an unusually high number of them
suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder. Fortunately, social
service agencies found that mental health care, parenting classes,
and other actions could resolve many of the problems that flowed
from the boarding school experience.