F U N D A M E N TA L S O F T H E E N G L I S H

LANGUAGE

JANUARY 6, 2023
A PROGRAM OF 5 INTENSIVE MODULES

GREETINGS & GRAMMAR WELCOME PHONE USE ENGLISH IN

INTRODUCTION REVIEW TO VISITORS INTERNATION
AL BUSINESS
HEAL THE WORLD (CURE O MUNDO)

• There's a place in your heart • There are ways to get there

• And I know that it is love • If you care enough for the living

• And this place could be • Make a little space

• Make a better place
• Much brighter than tomorrow

• And if you really try

• You'll find there's no need to cry
• In this place you'll feel
• There's no hurt or sorrow
HEAL THE WORLD

• Heal the world

• Make it a better place
• For you and for me
• And the entire human race
• There are people dying
• If you care enough for the living
• Make it a better place
• For you and for me
MODULE 1
GREETINGS
MODULE 1 – GREETINGS
WHEN TO USE

• Hi
• Hello
• Good morning
• Good afternoon
• Good evening
• Good night
HI VS. HELLO

• We mainly use 'hello' when we want to greet someone in a formal

context. 'Hi', on the other hand, is mainly used to greet our friends,
families, and close relatives.

Hello, Hi = Olá / Oi
HI VS. HELLO
EXAMPLES

• Hello? Is anybody in the office?

• Hello Mr. Amílcar. How are you.
• Hello. My name is Sara.
• Hi guys! Long time no see!
• Hi Janeth, I never thought we would study English together.
LET'S PRACTICE THE USE OF HELLO AND
HI

Greet me in the following contexts:

• I am your boss
• I'm your friend / boyfriend
• I am the CEO of XPTO, Lda
• I'm your co-worker (colleague)
GOOD / MORNING, AFTERNOON, EVENING

The greetings change depending on the time of the day. For example,
• “Good morning” is generally used from 5:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.
• “Good afternoon” time is from 12:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.
• “Good evening” is often used after 6 p.m. or when the sun goes down.
EXERCISES

• Look at the clock and greet the class accordingly

P.M. A.M. P.M. P.M.

THE USE OF GOODNIGHT

• Good night is NOT used as a greeting.

• Good night is only used when you leave a place, when you say
goodbye to someone, or when someone goes to bed.
PA R T S O F T H E DAY I N E N G L I S H

• day = when the sun is in the sky

night = when the sun is NOT in the sky
sunrise = when the sun first appears in the morning
sunset = when the sun disappears at the end of the day
• midday = noon = 12 in the day
midnight = 12 at night
• morning = before 12 (midday)
afternoon = 12 (midday) until sunset
evening = sunset until you go to bed (or 10pm/11pm).
night = when there is no sun, and it is dark
INTRODUCING YOURSELF

KEY LANGUAGE SAYING YOUR NAME

• Hello! I am John
• Hi! My name is Thomas

OTHER WAYS TO SAY YOUR NAME

• I am John (using contraction = I’m John)
• My name is Thomas (using contraction = My name’s Thomas)
H O W T O F O R M S AY I N G Y O U R N A M E

SUBJECT “TO BE” NAME

My name is Amílcar
I am Amílcar
U S E T H E C H A R T T O C R E AT E T H E C O R R E C T
SENTENCE
A N D S AY I T L O U D
PLEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF

Hi! My name is
Judith
Hello! I am
Start with a Greeting Choose a subject Choose a verb form Finish with your name
F U N D A M E N TA L S O F T H E E N G L I S H
LANGUAGE

JANUARY 6, 2023
MODULE 2
GRAMMAR REVIEW
MODULE 2 – GRAMMAR REVIEW

• English verbs tenses

• Sentences in Conditional form (first Conditional)
• Modal verbs: difference between can, may, should, and must
• Modal Verbs Must and Have To
SUMMARY OF ENGLISH VERB TENSES

• Simple present: She writes every day.

• Present progressive: She is writing right now.
• Simple past: She wrote last night.
• Past progressive: She was writing when he called.
• Simple future: She will write tomorrow.
• Future progressive: She will be writing when you arrive.
SUMMARY OF ENGLISH VERB TENSES

• Present perfect: She has written Chapter 1.

• Present perfect progressive: She has been writing for 2 hours.
• Past perfect: She had written Chapter 3 before she started Chapter 4.
• Past perfect progressive: She had been writing for 2 hours before her
friends arrived.
• Future perfect: She will have written Chapter 4 before she writes Chapter 5.
• Future perfect progressive: She will have been writing for 2 hours by the
time her friends come over.
SENTENCES IN CONDITIONAL FORM

First Conditional
• The First Conditional is used to express actions or situations that are
likely to happen in the future. When we use it we are thinking about a
situation or condition in the future that will be responsible for a result.
• In the First Conditional there is a real possibility that the condition, action
or situation in matter will happen.
FIRST CONDITIONAL (EXAMPLES)

• If I call Daniel, he will be really happy.

• If you give her some love, she will love you back.
• If they don’t hurry, they will miss the bus.
FIRST CONDITIONAL (EXAMPLES)

The first conditional structure isn’t rigid because it can vary depending on the
sentence. The “if” clause can appear or not in the beginning of the sentence. Look the
examples bellow:
If Clause + Main Clause
• If I see Park, I will hug him!
• If we don’t study to the Finals, we won’t pass the exams.
FIRST CONDITIONAL (EXAMPLES)

The “if” clause can appear or not in the beginning of the sentence. :
Main Clause + If Clause

• I will hug Park, if I see him.

• He will invite you to dinner, if you are free tonight.
• We won’t pass the exams, if we don’t study to the finals.
F U N D A M E N TA L S O F T H E E N G L I S H
LANGUAGE

JANUARY 7, 2023
A PROGRAM OF 5 INTENSIVE MODULES

GREETINGS & GRAMMAR WELCOME PHONE USE ENGLISH IN

INTRODUCTION REVIEW TO VISITORS INTERNATION
CONTINUED AL BUSINESS
HEAL THE WORLD (CURE O MUNDO)

• There's a place in your heart • There are ways to get there

• And I know that it is love • If you care enough for the living

• And this place could be • Make a little space

• Make a better place
• Much brighter than tomorrow

• And if you really try

• You'll find there's no need to cry
• In this place you'll feel
• There's no hurt or sorrow
HEAL THE WORLD

• Heal the world

• Make it a better place
• For you and for me
• And the entire human race
• There are people dying
• If you care enough for the living
• Make it a better place
• For you and for me
MODULE 2 – GRAMMAR REVIEW

• English verbs tenses

• Sentences in Conditional form (first Conditional) - continued
• Modal verbs: difference between can, may, should, and must
• Modal Verbs Must and Have To
CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE FIRST
CONDITIONAL

• When we use the Simple Future to form the First Conditional it doesn’t
mean that we will just use the “will” to represent the future. We can use
the “going to” as well as “will”, and also some modal verbs such as
“can”, “may” and “must”.
• Look at the examples in the next page and check it out!
CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE FIRST
CONDITIONAL – (EXAMPLES)

• If I see her, I'm going to tell her exactly how I feel.

• If you go to Paris, you must see the Eiffel Tower.
• If she comes, we can talk about it with her.
• If we ask you about the exercise, you may be able to help us.
D I F F E R E N C E B E T W E E N C A N M AY S H O U L D
AND MUST

Usually,
• can = ability,
• may = possibility,
• should = recommendation,
• must = obligation and necessity.
MORE ABOUT MODAL VERBS

These modal verbs in sentences themselves play the role of auxiliary verbs:
• Can you swim?
Você sabe nadar?
• Would you play?
Tu jogarias?
• May I go?
Posso ir?
M O DA L V E R B S M U ST A N D H AV E TO

• The phrase have to doesn’t look like a modal verb, but it performs the same
function. Have to can play the role of must in the past (had to) present, and
future tense.
• The main difference between must and have to can be the emotional context.
M O DA L V E R B S M U ST A N D H AV E TO

• Must means that the obligation to do something comes from the speaker. In
other words, it’s not a rule. Have to implies that the obligation comes from
someone else; it’s something the speaker can’t change.
• Additionally, must expresses the speaker’s feelings, whereas have to expresses,
above all, an impersonal idea. See the examples in the next page:
M O DA L V E R B S M U ST A N D H AV E TO

Examples
• I have to pay the bills because my wife is ill.
• I must stop smoking. It’s really bad for my health.
In the negative form, must expresses a strict prohibition: You mustn’t smoke here.
• However, have to in negatives sentences expresses the idea that “you are not
obligated to do something, but you can do it if you want to” and requires an
auxiliary verb: You don’t have to pay for this.
M O DA L V E R B S M U ST A N D H AV E TO

Also, the word must expresses submission to various general laws; that is,
something needs to be done, because it is accepted as proper in society.
Have to expresses submission to private “laws,” that is, you are following your
conscience, moral principles, or duties.
For example:
• We must pay taxes.
• He has to tell her the truth.
SHOULD AND WOULD

• Would is used to talk about a possible or imagined situation, and is often

used when that possible situation is not going to happen.
• Should is used to say that something is the proper or best thing to do, or
to say that someone ought to do something or must do something.
SHOULD AND WOULD

• The words "should" and "would" are both helping verbs (in particular,
modal auxiliaries), but they don't mean the same thing.
• "Should" and "would" are two of the 10 modal verbs in English (the others
are "can," "could," "may," "might," "must," "ought," "shall," and "will").
• A modal is a verb that combines with another verb to indicate mood or tense.
SHOULD AND WOULD

• "Should" is actually the past tense of another of these modal verbs,

"shall." Used as an auxiliary, "should" expresses a condition, an
obligation, futurity, or probability
• "Would" is the past tense of the modal verb "will." Used as an auxiliary,
"would" expresses a possibility, an intention, a desire, a custom, or a
request.
USE OF SHOULD

• To express something that is probable, you might say,

"Joe should be here soon." “O Joe deve estar aqui em
breve."
• To ask a question using "should," you could say,
"Should I dress formally for the dance?" "Devo me vestir formalmente para o
baile?"
• And, to make a strong recommendation,
"You should stop eating so much, or you'll soon gain weight."
Você deve parar de comer muito, ou vais engordar (ganhar peso) bem rápido”.
 USE OF WOULD

• To make a polite request using,

"Would you please pass the jelly?" "Você poderia me passar a geleia por favor?"

• To ask a question using this term, you could write,

"Would you like ketchup with your fries?" "Gostaria de acompanhar as suas batatas
fritas com?"
• And, to express a hypothetical sentiment,
"If I won the lottery tomorrow, I would quit my job and retire the next day."
"Se eu ganhasse na loteria amanhã, largaria meu emprego e me aposentaria no dia seguinte."
A PROGRAM OF 5 INTENSIVE MODULES

GREETINGS & GRAMMAR WELCOME PHONE USE ENGLISH IN

INTRODUCTION REVIEW TO VISITORS INTERNATION
AL BUSINESS
HOW TO WELCOME VISITORS (GUESTS) IN
ENGLISH

The suggestion is that you include the expressions:

• Hello, welcome;
• Welcome, good morning;
• Hello, good afternoon, welcome.

Introduce yourself by name making sure your communication is

professional, yet personal. “Great to meet you, I’m Élia”. If occupied with
another guest, it is important to acknowledge arriving guests.
H O W D O Y O U S TA R T A W E L C O M E S P E E C H

1. Good Morning/Afternoon/Evening,
2. Thank you to each and every one of you for being here with us today.
3. We are very pleased to be able to welcome you in our ministry/event.
HOW DO YOU GREET EVERYONE IN A
SPEECH

• Hello, everyone.
• I'd like, first of all, to thank you all for being here today.

• Good morning everyone,

• First of all, let me thank you all for coming here today.
PHRASES FOR WELCOME SPEECHES

• "It's my pleasure to extend a cheerful welcome to you all! Your presence

makes us very happy.“

• "It's my pleasant duty to bid you all a genial welcome.“

• "On behalf of my colleagues, I wish you all a convivial welcome. We

are going to have a merry and enjoyable time together."
PHRASES FOR WELCOME SPEECHES

• "It's gratifying to look around and see so many familiar faces. That's a
pleasing welcome to what I know is going to be a great conference ...“
• "We're delighted to offer the most hospitable welcome we can.“
• "Many of you have made a huge effort to join us today. On behalf of us
all, we are deeply appreciative and offer you our most grateful welcome."
PHRASES FOR WELCOME SPEECHES

• "Wow, what a gathering we have here tonight.

We've got dignitaries, celebrities, fans, and
organizational members all brought together for
one cause. Ours. Here's an appreciative
welcome to you all."
PHRASES FOR WELCOME SPEECHES

• "Ladies and gentlemen, the room is ready. The tables are set. The band
is playing our theme song. And the waiting staff are preparing to take
your orders. This is a superb welcome, fit for royalty, and that's what
you are to us."
PHRASES FOR WELCOME SPEECHES

• "I look around the stage and am in awe with the collected expertise
gathered here. We are deeply honored to welcome you."

(am in awe = fico maravilhado)

A PROGRAM OF 5 INTENSIVE MODULES

GREETINGS & GRAMMAR WELCOME PHONE USE ENGLISH IN

INTRODUCTION REVIEW TO VISITORS INTERNATION
AL BUSINESS
USE OF PHONES

• They are used for communicating through voice, messages, and mails.
• We can also surf the internet using a phone.
• Most importantly, we also click photos and record videos through our
mobile's camera. The phones of this age are known as smartphones.
TA L K I N G O N T H E P H O N E

Generally, when people start a conversation in English with someone, they know it's
polite to enquire about how the other person is.
Questions
• How's it going?
• Hi, how are you?
• How's your day going?
• Having a busy day?
• How's life?
• How's everything?
PHONE CALLS VOCABULARY

• Call back - She said she'd call back later to pick up that report.
• Dead zone - a place where a mobile phone does not work because there
is no signal
• Dialling code - a series of numbers used before the main phone number
when you call someone outside your own town or area
• Dialling tone - a continuous sound that tells you that a phone is
connected to the phone system and is ready to be used
 HOW TO ANSWER THE PHONE IN ENGLISH

• “Hello. Mary speaking. How can I help you?”

• “Good morning/good afternoon/good evening. This is Michelle. How can I help you?”
• “Hello. You’ve reached the ministry of health secretariate . How may I help you?”
HOW TO INTRODUCE YOURSELF ON THE
PHONE

• Introducing yourself over the phone is different from introducing yourself in

person. In person, we would say ‘hello, I am Jessica,’ however, we use different
introductory phrases over the phone. We don’t need to introduce
ourselves; we need to identify ourselves.
• So ‘I am’ changes to ‘it is…’ or ‘this is…’
HOW TO INTRODUCE YOURSELF ON THE
PHONE

Examples:
• “Hello. This is Sarah.”
• “Hi. It’s Mark.”
• If it’s a very formal introduction, then you could say:
• “Hello. My name is Paul.”
Or if you’re phoning someone for another person, say:
• “Hello. I’m phoning on behalf of Mr. Miller. This is Sally.”
HOW TO ASK FOR SOMEONE’S NAME

If the person phoning you doesn’t give you a name right away, then you can ask
for their name by saying:

• “Hi, this is Jim. May I ask who’s calling?”

• “Hello. May I know who is this?
• “Hello. This is Mike. Could you please tell me who this is?”
• “Hello. Could you please tell me who is calling?”
• “Hi, this is Harry. Could you please tell me who’s speaking?”
HOW TO TELL SOMEONE WHY YOU ARE
CALLING

If we are making the phone call, then we need to tell the person on the other side of the
line why we are calling.

• “Could I please speak to Steve?”

• “I’m calling for John. Is he available?”
• “I would like to speak with David. Is he in?”
• “Could I please speak with whoever deals with the accounts?”
• “May I speak to Johnathan.”
• “I’m calling to find out about…”
HOW TO PUT SOMEONE ON HOLD

There are times when we need to ask the person on the phone to wait while we
forward them through to someone else or look for information.

• “Please hold.”
• “Would you mind holding for a minute while I check?”
• “I’ll forward you through. Please hold on.”
• “Please wait while I put you through.”
• “One moment please.”
F U N D A M E N TA L S O F T H E E N G L I S H
LANGUAGE

FEBRUARY 27, 2023

HOW TO TRANSFER SOMEONE
If you need to put someone through to someone else on the phone in English, then you
can say:

• “I’ll put you through.”

• “One moment. Please stay on the line.”
• “Let me see if he’s available and, if he is, I’ll put you through.”
• “Thank you for holding. He’s available. I’ll forward you on.”
• “Please hold the line while I transfer you.”
• “OK. Let me connect you.”
HOW TO ANSWER THE PHONE AFTER
PUTTING SOMEONE ON HOLD

• And once we have finished our task and want to return to the person on the
phone we can say:

• “Thank you for holding.”

• “Thank you for your patience.”
• “Thank you for waiting.”
HOW TO TELL SOMEONE THE PERSON IS
N O T AVA I L A B L E

In some cases, the person the caller wants to speak to won’t be available. Perhaps
they’re in a meeting, out of the office or otherwise engaged.

• “I’m afraid he’s not in at the moment. May I take a message?”

• “Unfortunately, he’s on another call again. Shall I get him to call you back?”
• “I’m sorry. He isn’t available at the moment. He shouldn’t be long. Would you like to
hold or call back later?”
• “Sorry, he’s otherwise engaged right now. Would you like to leave a message?”
S A M P L E P H O N E C O N V E R S AT I O N I N
ENGLISH

• Person 1: “Hello. How can I help you?”

• Person 2: “Good morning. My name is Rebecca. I’d like to speak to Mr Smith.”
• Person 1: “One moment please. I’ll see if he’s available.”
• Person 1: “Sorry to keep you waiting.”
• Person 2: “That’s fine.”
• Person 1: “He’s available. Please hold the line while I put you through.”
• Person 2: “Great. Thank you so much.”
F U N D A M E N TA L S O F T H E E N G L I S H
LANGUAGE

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

S A M P L E P H O N E C O N V E R S AT I O N I N
ENGLISH

• Person 1: “Hello. This is Claire. How may I assist you?”

• Person 2: “Hi. It’s Samantha. Is Harry available?”
• Person 1: “I’m afraid not. Could I take a message and have him call you back?”
• Person 2: “Sure. Please tell him Samantha called.”
• Person 1: “OK. I will. What’s your number?”
• Person 2: “It’s 00 7783225”
• Person 1: “Great. I’ll get him to call you.”
• Person 2: “Thank you so much. Bye.’
• Person 1: “Have a great day!”
F U N D A M E N TA L S O F T H E E N G L I S H
LANGUAGE

JANUARY 8, 2023
A PROGRAM OF 5 INTENSIVE MODULES

GREETINGS & GRAMMAR WELCOME PHONE USE ENGLISH IN

INTRODUCTION REVIEW TO VISITORS INTERNATION
AL BUSINESS
E N G L I S H I N I N T E R N AT I O N A L B U S I N E S S
MODULE 5 –BUSINESS
ENGLISH

1. Introduction and Importance of business English

2. Main characteristics of business English
3. Useful phrases in business English
4. Introducing each other in business
5. Negotiating
6. Not very polite phrases
7. English abbreviations and acronyms
E N G L I S H I N I N T E R N AT I O N A L B U S I N E S S

Introduction

• In the business world, English serves as the international language of

the business community to ensure the unity of communication to
support successful cooperation. Communication and business cannot
be separated. Communication is very important in business.
E N G L I S H I N I N T E R N AT I O N A L B U S I N E S S

Importance
• English is the “lingua franca” (meaning “common language”) of not only
international business, but also of all kinds of communication worldwide.
This means it is useful for understanding and being able to share
common experiences and references with your colleagues.
 NAME THE FOUR(4)MAIN
CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS
ENGLISH, AND WHICH ONE IS THE
M O S T I M P O R TA N T

Exercise
T H E M O S T I M P O R TA N T F E AT U R E S
The four (4) main characteristics in business English are:
• Clarity,
• Conciseness,
• Precision, and
• Politeness.
Of these, clarity is perhaps the most important. Business communication needs to be
clear and unambiguous in order to avoid misunderstandings.
E X E R C I S E O N D E F I N I T I O N S – PA R T 1
Align the definition with the right words ( advertising / business / self-employed)

a. ___________working for yourself and not employed by a company, etc.

b. ___________a commercial organization such as a company, shop/store or factory.
c. ___________the activity of telling the public about a product or a service in order to
encourage people to buy or to use it.
R E S P O N S E S – PA R T 1
The right words are:

a. Self-employed: working for yourself and not employed by a company, etc.

b. Business: a commercial organization such as a company, shop/store or factory.
c. Advertising: the activity of telling the public about a product or a service in order to
encourage people to buy or to use it.
E X E R C I S E O N D E F I N I T I O N S – PA R T 2

Align the definition with the right words (deal / customer / leader)

a. ___________a person or an organization that buys something from a shop/store.

b. ___________an agreement, especially in business, on particular conditions for
buying or doing something.
c. ___________a person who is in control of a group of people, especially the head of a
country, an organization, etc.
R E S P O N S E S – PA R T 2

The right words are:

a. Customer: a person or an organization that buys something from a shop/store.

b. Deal: an agreement, especially in business, on particular conditions for buying or
doing something.
c. Leader: a person who is in control of a group of people, especially the head of a
country, an organization, etc.
E X E R C I S E O N D E F I N I T I O N S – PA R T 3

Align the definition with the right words (meeting / brand / freelance)

a. ___________earning money by selling your work to several different organizations

rather than being employed by one organization.
b. ___________a type of product made by a particular company .
c. ___________an occasion when people come together to discuss something .
R E S P O N S E S – PA R T 3

The right words are:

a. Freelance: earning money by selling your work to several different organizations

rather than being employed by one organization.
b. Brand: a type of product made by a particular company .
c. Meeting: an occasion when people come together to discuss something .
E X E R C I S E O N D E F I N I T I O N S – PA R T 4

• Align the definition with the right words (target / cancel / predict)

a. ___________to say that something will happen in the future.

b. ___________a result that you try to achieve.
c. ___________to decide that something that has been arranged will not take place.
R E S P O N S E S – PA R T 4

The right words are:

a. Predict: to say that something will happen in the future.

b. Target: a result that you try to achieve.
c. Cancel: to decide that something that has been arranged will not take place.
EXERCISE ON GAP-FILLING

Fill in the gaps with the following words: business / advertising / freelance

1. A good ______________ campaign will increase our sales.

2. After Ian dropped out of university, he worked as a ____________ photographer.
3. The management is seeking a new ______________ partner.
RESPONSE

The right words are:

1. A good advertising campaign will increase our sales.

2. After Ian dropped out of university, he worked as a freelance photographer.
3. The management is seeking a new business partner.
USEFUL PHRASES IN BUSINESS ENGLISH
– PA R T 1

• Pleased to meet you, Mr ...

• How do you do, Mr ...
• Do I have the pleasure of speaking to Mr ...?
• I'm afraid I didn't catch your name.
• Would you like a cup of coffee?
USEFUL PHRASES IN BUSINESS ENGLISH
– PA R T 2

• Did you have a good trip?

• Let me introduce …
• Sorry to keep you waiting.
• Let's get down to business.
• Shall we get started?
INTRODUCING EACH OTHER
Person 1
• I am Eva Mala from Mobile Services, where I have been working since August
2011. The company owns all facilities for cell phones. I work as a secretary, and I
am responsible for arranging sale meetings and appointments with customers.

Person 2
• My name is Jan Novak from ABC Company in Belgium. We are an advertising
company with a long tradition. I work in accounting, and I am responsible for all
incoming and outgoing invoices, which means that I check their correctness and
keep the accounts of them. I joined the company in September 2011.
P L E A S E I N T R O D U C E Y O U R S E LV E S T O
EACH OTHER AS PROFESSIONALS OR
BUSINESSMEN AND WOMEN.

Practice
I N T R O D U C E Y O U R S E LV E S T O E A C H
OTHER

Make sure you follow the steps below:

1. Your name and Company (ministry of Health)
2. How long have you worked at the company (ministry)
3. What does the company (ministry) do
4. What is your position (role/function)
M AT C H I N G E X E R C I S E
Questions:
• 1) How long will you be here?
• 2) Do you often travel abroad?
• 3) Where are you staying?
• 4) How long have you been with the company?
• 5) How many people work there?
• 6) What do you do?
• 7) What do you do in your spare time?
• 8) When was the company founded?
• 9) Which department are you in?
• 10) Who do you work for?
Answers:
• a) About twice a month.
• b) I do yoga.
• c) I do not know the exact date, but I think in
2005.
• d) I work for ABC Company.
• e) I'm a freelance accountant.
• f) Two weeks.
• g) We are 12 at the moment.
• h) I've been with the company for 15 months.
• i) With my friend from studies.
• j) Right now I'm in Sales.
THE RIGHT ANSWERS ARE:

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
s
Answers f a i h g e b c j d
N E G O T I AT I N G

How to argue in a negotiation

N E G O T I AT I N G - I

• A: I'm sorry, but I can't go below 10,000.

• B: 10,000 is a problem for us. My boss has set me a limit of 8,000. Can you explain why
10,000 is so important?
• A: We have just spent a lot on a new building, and we need to pay the bank which
gave us a loan for this.
• B: Ah, that's interesting. Which bank are you using?
• A: Rich Brothers.
• B: Ah. Perhaps we can help by speaking to the bank ourselves. We are major
customers.
• A: That would be great.
U S E F U L P H R A S E S I N N E G O T I AT I N G - 1

• We can offer discount on orders over 50,000.

• This really is the best product you can buy at this price.
• So which of those two would you prefer?
• I'm afraid we couldn't possibly accept that.
U S E F U L P H R A S E S I N N E G O T I AT I N G - 2

• That would certainly be acceptable.

• If you increase that to ... I think we'd have a deal.
• We'll confirm the details in writing as soon as possible.
• Well, this isn’t really an attractive price for us
U S E F U L P H R A S E S I N N E G O T I AT I N G - 3

• Perhaps we could look at other suppliers?

• This doesn't work for us.
• I've got a problem with this.
• Where can you help me cut this?
• That really isn't what I expected.
• I'm a bit disappointed in your offer.
U S E F U L P H R A S E S I N N E G O T I AT I N G - 4

• You're too expensive.

• I can't afford that.
• Budgets are tight.
• That would be tough for us Tough = difícil

• I don’t think this is possible.

• Let's make sure we agree on these figures (dates / etc.).
• I believe we have an agreement.
NOT VERY POLITE PHRASES

Expressions to avoid
NOT VERY POLITE PHRASES

• I thought we were friends.

• Would you like my arm and leg too?
• I've got a family to feed.
• You're gonna kill us.
• You're insulting my intelligence.
• Over my dead body!
NOT VERY POLITE PHRASES

• Who do you think you are?

• Is that in dollars or kwanzas?
• What planet are you from?
• You call that an offer?
• What are you smoking?
• Did you take your medication?
OTHER USEFUL PHRASES

• Can I help you?

• Can you put me through to Mrs ..., please?
• Could you get extension 38 for me, please?
• I'd like to speak to Mr ...
• I'm afraid he's not available at the moment.
• The line is engaged.
• Can I give her a message?
OTHER USEFUL PHRASES

• Let me take down your number.

• Sorry, I didn't quite catch that.
• Could you spell that, please?
• Can I call you back later?
• Could you fax me your request?
• I'm afraid we got cut off.
 M AT C H I N G E X E R C I S E - 2

1. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. a. No, actually it's 46.
Could you spell it, please? b. It's Valladolid with a V at the beginning, V for
2. Is that with a D at the end, D for David? Victor.
3. Did you say your number is 624 426? c. No, it's Schmidt with a T at the end, T for
4. Is that with B for Bravo or V for Victor? Tommy.

5. Where did you say you're calling from? d. Two. T-I-double-M-E-R-M-A-N.

e. No, 642 246.
6. Is that with one M in the middle or two?
7. The code for Sweden is 49, right? f. Springer Verlag in Hamburg.

8. Is that Ginola like the football player? g. Krieslovski. K-R-I-E-S-L-O-V-S-K-I.

h. No, it's with two Ns in the middle.
THE RIGHT ANSWERS ARE:

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
s
Answers g c e b f h a d
CORRECT ORDER
• Mr Marnie. OK. Which company are you calling from?
• Bye.
• Yes, please. Can you tell her John Marnie rang? Tell her I'll call back later.
• 346 973 182. Fine. I'll make sure she gets the message.
• Jennings Furniture.
• You're welcome. 'Bye.
• I'm afraid she's not in the office this afternoon. Can I give her a message?
• Thanks.
• Good morning. Could I speak to Ms Geneva, please.
• And could you give me your number please?
• Good morning. Electric Angel Inc.
• Yes, it's 346 973 182.
RIGHT ORDER
1. Good morning. Electric Angel Inc.
2. Good morning. Could I speak to Ms Geneva, please.
3. I'm afraid she's not in the office this afternoon. Can I give her a message?
4. Yes, please. Can you tell her John Marnie rang? Tell her I'll call back later.
5. Mr Marnie. OK. Which company are you calling from?
6. Jennings Furniture.
7. And could you give me your number please?
8. Yes, it's 346 973 182.
9. 346 973 182. Fine. I'll make sure she gets the message.
10. Thanks.
11. You're welcome. 'Bye.
12. Bye.
E N G L I S H A B B R E V I AT I O N S A N D
ACRONYMS

Business English
A Q U I C K C H E A T S H E E T:

• Abbreviations are shortened versions of words (for example, accomm. for

accommodation or adj. for adjective).

• Acronyms are pronounceable, so you read them out as if they’re a name and are
formed by using the first letter of each word in a phrase (such as NASA – National
Aeronautics and Space Administration).
A Q U I C K C H E AT S H E E T

• An initialism is when the word is pronounced letter by letter, such as the UN (the
United Nations). (Fun fact – “the” is usually added before an initialism but not an
acronym, as in “I’m an interpreter at the UN,” or “I have an interview at NASA.”)
A B B R E V I AT I O N S A N D A C R O N Y M S

1. RSVP – Please reply: As with so much of English, this comes from French. RSVP
stands for “Répondez s’il vous plait”.
2. ASAP – As soon as possible: “Can you get this in ASAP?”
3. AM/PM – Before midday (morning) and after midday (afternoon)
4. LMK – Let me know: – perfect for the end of a text. LMK shows that you are expecting
confirmation or more information.
5. BRB – Be right back
A B B R E V I AT I O N S A N D A C R O N Y M S

6. DOB – Date of birth: “What IS my DOB?”

7. CC/BCC – Carbon copy/blind carbon copy: Although they refer to the age of email,
these terms take their names from the analogue years, when copies were made using
carbon paper.
8. TBA/TBC- To be announced/To be confirmed
9. ETA – Estimated time of arrival: “See you on Tuesday, ETA 9 PM.” You might see this
when someone is traveling but is unsure of when their flight gets in.
10. TGIF – Thank God it’s Friday: Sung by workers worldwide each Friday afternoon –
the weekend is here!
A B B R E V I AT I O N S A N D A C R O N Y M S

11. FOMO – Fear of missing out: And with the weekend can come some serious FOMO.
Imagine: You’ve been invited out but don’t feel like going. But, at the same time, you know
it’ll be fun and that you may regret not going. So, you agonize over what to do.
12. IMO – in my opinion (or IMHO – in my humble opinion): We’ve all got a few
opinions. This is how you can express them.
13. n/a – not available, not applicable: Use this when filling out a form to show that a
particular section doesn’t apply to you.
A B B R E V I AT I O N S A N D A C R O N Y M S

14. aka – Also known as: This little beauty is used to refer to someone or something by
another name – often a nickname, such as how your bro (might) refer to his newborn
baby (“This is Eddie, aka ‘The poop machine’”).

15. DIY – Do it yourself: People who are interested in completing tasks themselves
rather than hiring professionals (aka DIY-ers) exist in all walks of life. DIY projects can
result in as many great successes as horrible messes!
THANK YOU