December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In-class

test

This mock test should be completed to prepare for the online exams
scheduled for the Spring Term. This mock test is FORMATIVE and thus
DOES NOT carry a module mark. Please note that there is no time limit
for this mock test, however you will have 120 minutes to complete the
actual summative test in Spring Term.

All the questions are compulsory and some of the questions have
multiple parts.
Section A (5 marks in total): This part of the test is on your
understanding of pharmacological calculations. It includes 5 multiple
choice questions.
Section B (15 marks in total): This part of the test is based on the
basic pharmacological principles that you have covered in
lectures ,practical and workshop sessions. It includes 15 multiple choice
questions.
Section C (20 marks): This part of the test is based on the basic
pharmacological principles that you have covered in lectures,practical
and workshop sessions. It contains 5 short answer questions.
Section D (10 marks): This part of the test is based on your ability to
interpret pharmacological scenarios. It contains 2 short answer
questions.
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

SECTION A
Q1. How much acetylcholine is required to prepare a 5 mL of
acetylcholine 100 mM stock solution? (The molecular weight of
acetylcholine is 146 gmol-1).
A. 0.73 mg
B. 7.3 mg
C. 73 mg
D. 730 mg
E. 73 g

Q2. You have a 30 mL organ bath and a 1 x 10 -5 M solution of

acetylcholine. How many mL of this solution do you need to add to the
organ bath to get a final bath concentration of acetylcholine of 3 x 10 -8
M?
A. 9 µL
B. 90 µL
C. 900 µL
D. 9 mL
E. 90 mL

Q3. You have a 30 mL organ bath to which you add 0.8 mL of a 1 x 10 -7

M solution of pilocarpine. What is the concentration of pilocarpine in the
organ bath?
A. 2.6 pM
B. 2.6 nM
C. 2.6 µM
D. 2.6 mM
E. 2.6 M
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

Q4. Which of the following concentrations is equivalent to -7 Log M?

A. 1 nM
B. 10 nM
C. 100 nM
D. 1000 nM
E. 10 µM

Q5. What mass of histamine is required to prepare 250mL of 125mM

solution? (The molecular weight of histamine is 111.15 gmol-1)
A. 3.47 mg
B. 34.7 mg
C. 3.47 g
D. 34.7 g
E. 347 g
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

SECTION B
Q6. Which ONE of the following is a ligand-gated ion channel?
A. Metabotropic glutamate receptor
B. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor
C. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
D. Histamine receptor
E. β2 adrenoceptor

Q7. Which of the following chemical modifications is most likely to

promote desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors?
A. Glycosylation
B. Methylation
C. Phosphorylation
D. Nitrosylation
E. Ubiquitination

Q8. Which of the following two parameters are required to calculate the
therapeutic index of a drug?
A. Bmax and EC50
B. EC50 and Emax
C. EC50 and LD50
D. ED50 and LD50
E. ED50 and pA2
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

Q9. Which of the following responses BEST describes the effect of

translocation of nuclear receptors from the cytosol to the nucleus?
A. Activation of adenylate cyclase
B. Changes in gene transcription
C. Decrease in cAMP levels
D. Increase in Ca2+ levels
E. Recruitment of b-arrestins to the nucleus?

Q10. Which of the following has the GREATEST influence on absorption

of a drug through the gastrointestinal tract?

A. Cytochrome P450 enzymes

B. Drug-protein binding
C. Enterohepatic circulation
D. Glomerular filtration rate
E. Splanchnic blood flow

Q11. Which set of pharmacokinetic parameters is used to calculate the

plasma concentration (Cp) of a drug?

A. Rate of distribution and bioavailability

B. Rate of distribution and clearance
C. Rate of distribution and total amount of drug in body
D. Volume of distribution and clearance
E. Volume of distribution and total amount of drug in body
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

Q12. Which of the pharmacokinetic processes listed below BEST

describes the following statement: ‘The drug is conjugated, resulting in it
becoming more hydrophilic and thus more readily excretable.’
A. Absorption
B. Elimination
C. First Pass Metabolism
D. Phase 1 metabolism
E. Phase 2 metabolism

Directions for questions 12 to 14. For EACH numbered question select

from the list above it the ONE lettered option that BEST answers the
statement. Within each group of questions EACH lettered option may be
used once, more than once, or not at all.

A. EC50
B. Emax
C. Ki
D. IC50
E. LD50
F. KD
G. Bmax
H. pA2

Q13. A value that can be used to measure the density of receptor sites
in a preparation.

Q14. A measure of the apparent affinity and potency of an antagonist.

Q15. The value indicating the concentration of an inhibitor where the
agonist’s response is reduced by half.
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

Q16. Which ONE of the following terms most appropriately describes a

drug with high receptor occupancy but less than maximal efficacy?
A. Full agonist
B. Inverse agonist
C. Partial agonist
D. Competitive antagonist
E. Allosteric antagonist

Q17. Tyrode’s solution is an example of a physiological buffer. Which of

the following salts is normally present in the buffer?
A. CaCl2
B. CdCl2
C. ZnCl2
D. CaP
E. Na2SO4

Q18. Which of the following is a class of voltage-gated calcium channels

found predominantly in the cardiovascular system?
A. H-type
B. J-type
C. K-type
D. L-type
E. M-type
Q19. Which of the following methods used by drugs to cross biological
membranes is most likely to involve the movement against a
concentration gradient?
A. Active transport
B. Facilitated passive diffusion
C. Passive diffusion
D. Pinocytosis
E. Osmosis
Q20. Based on their mechanism of action, which ONE of the following
class of drugs targets enzyme-coupled receptors?
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

A. ACE inhibitors
B. Proton Pump Inhibitors
C. Serine Protease Inhibitors
D. Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
E. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

SECTION C
Q21. A drug company is looking to market a new medicine targeting the
excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) family. Provide a scientific
rationale as to why targeting EAAT can offer neuroprotection (4 marks)

Q22. A scientist has discovered a new drug for the treatment of

cardiovascular diseases that targets a G Protein-Coupled Receptor
(GPCR). (4 marks)
a. Which second messenger should be measured to determine if
the drug targets a GPCR coupled to a Gq/11 protein? (1 mark)
b. Which second messenger should be measured to determine if
the drug targets a GPCR coupled to Gs protein? (1 mark)
c. For EACH of the G proteins above, name the protein kinase that is
subsequently activated in the signaling pathway. (2 marks)

Q23. The graph below shows the plasma concentration against time
profiles of Drug Y administered to two different patients via two different
routes of administration (labelled A and B on the graph).
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

a. Provide the CMAX values for both routes of administration. (2 marks)

b. With respect to Route B, give the route of administration that would

follow this pharmacokinetic relationship. With reference to the
graph, justify why you have selected this route of administration.
(2 marks)

Q24. The plot below shows the effect of 3 antagonists on muscimol a

potent agonist of GABA A receptors. The three antagonists are
competitive reversable antagonists. N.B the Y axis is on a log 10 scale

a. Explain how from the graph (above) you could conclude that these
drugs are competitive reversable antagonists. (1 mark)
b. Which of the three drugs has the highest affinity for the GABA A
receptors? Justify your answer with reference to the graph (3
marks)
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

Q25. A researcher is deciding on how to undertake a concentration-

response assay to determine the effect of pilocarpine in the guinea pig
ileum smooth muscle preparation.
Name and briefly describe the TWO types of concentration-response
regimens the researcher can use (4 marks)

SECTION D
Q26. Pharmacy students have collected data from a guinea pig ileum
bioassay. The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of histamine
and of a new experimental compound, RSOP-1. The datasets that they
obtained are summarized below.
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test

Comment on the pharmacological profile of BOTH histamine and RSOP-

1 in this preparation (5 marks)

Q27. A drug company is looking to develop a new cardio-selective ‘beta

blocker’. Competitive binding assays have been carried out to identify
those compounds that have desirable receptor selectivity. The results
obtained are listed in the table below:

log Ki (M)
β1 adrenoceptor β2 adrenoceptor
Drug X -8 -6
Drug Y -8.5 -4
Drug Z -9 -7

a) What is the rank order of affinity of the three drugs at β1

adrenoceptors. (1 mark)
b) Which ONE of the 3 drugs (X,Y or Z) is the BEST candidate
molecule for further development as a cardio selective beta
blocker? Briefly explain why. (4 marks)
(5 marks)
December 2020 MOCK PM2C2 In Class Test