A CASE STUDY ON HOW NUTRITIONAL STATUS AFFECTS

THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED ELEMENTARY PUPILS IN

LIBIS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BINANGONAN, RIZAL

A Thesis Presented in
Senior High School Department
Shining Light Christian College

In Partial Fulfillment and Requirements of

Research in Daily Life 1

Presented by:
Hidalgo, Nathaniel
Leader
Alfaro, Prince Laurence
Anore, Jade
Aran, Atashi Luis
Aquias, Princess Joy
De Leon, Tristan Jade
Flores, Nicole
Magsenolog, John Mark Rhaezel
Marzon, Jayneil Rose
Naguit, Jayne
Ojascastro, Patrick David
Ortillano, John Francis
Rivera, Rein Ashley

January 2023
 SHINING LIGHT CHRISTIAN COLLEGE, INC
SEC Reg. 01628

Rizal Avenue Extension Batingan, Binangonan, Rizal Philippines 1940

Contact Nos: 09265229531/slcc.educ@gmail.com

APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled “A Case Study on How Nutritional Status Affects the Academic

Performance of Selected Elementary Pupils in Libis Elementary School

Binangonan, Rizal” prepared and submitted by Hidalgo, Nathaniel, Alfaro, Prince

Laurence, Anore, Jade, Aran, Atashi Luis. Aquias, Princess Joy, De Leon, Tristan Jade,

Flores, Nicole, Magsenolog, John Mark Rhaezel, Marzon, Jayneil Rose, Naguit Jayne,

Ojascastro, Patrick David, Ortillano, John Francis, Rivera, Rein Ashley, in partial

fulfillment of the requirement for Research in Daily Lives 1, has been examined and

hereby recommended for approval and acceptance.

Ms. Christine Joy S. Nicolas

Thesis Adviser

Approved by the FACULTY OF SHS with a grade of

i
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would want to express their gratitude to everyone who helped

make this research article possible, especially to the Lord for providing them with the

insight, fortitude, and comprehension they need for the study.

The researchers are extremely appreciative of the Lord for being the driving force

behind this study's success.

The researchers also acknowledge their friends and family for inspiring them to do

this research, as well as their parents for their unwavering support and ongoing

encouragement.

As we come to a close, the researchers would like to express their profound

gratitude to their thesis adviser for assisting them during the research, as well as for the

encouragement, advice, and appreciation she provided, especially for her criticism that

assisted the researchers.

ii
 DEDICATION

This study is sincerely dedicated to our loving parents, who served as our

inspiration and gave ongoing moral, spiritual, and material support. To our brothers,

sisters, and family members who offered their support and encouragement in order for us

to complete our study. To our teachers who had provided us with information and direction

throughout the study.

The researchers would also like to dedicate this study to the respondents who took

the time and made the effort to participate in our research and journey in order to assist

us in completing and accomplishing this study. We also dedicate this study to our school,

which provided us with the chance to develop and put to the test our teamwork and

cooperation skills in order to construct this study.

Finally, we turn to God, the Almighty, and devote our study to him. We are grateful

to him for providing us with the fortitude, eternal love, mental strength, protection, and

abilities that have allowed us to achieve what we have today. We provide all of these to

you.

iii
TITLE:
A CASE STUDY ON HOW NUTRITIONAL STATUS AFFECTS THE ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED ELEMENTARY PUPILS IN LIBIS ELEMENTARY
SCHOOL BINANGONAN, RIZAL
AUTHORS:
Nathaniel I. Hidalgo
Prince Laurence J. Alfaro
Jade Anore
Atashi Luis M. Aran
Princess Joy Aquias
Tristan Jade De Leon
Nicole Flores
John Mark Rhaezel M. Magsenolog
Jayneil Rose Marzon
Jayne Naguit
Patrick David Ojascastro
John Francis A. Ortillano
Rein Ashley N. Rivera
THESIS ADVISER:
Ms.Christine Joy S. Nicolas
COURSE AND ACADEMIC YEAR:
Senior Highschool SY: 2022 - 2023
TYPE OF DOCUMENT:
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH (PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY)
TOTAL PAGE:
79 PAGES
NAME AND ADDRESS OF INSTITUTION:
Shining light Christian College Inc. Rizal Ave. Ext, Batingan, Binangonan, Rizal

iv
 ABSTRACT

The researchers conducted a study entitled “A Case Study on How Nutritional

Status Affects the Academic Performance of Selected Elementary Pupils in Libis

Elementary School Binangonan, Rizal”. The purpose of this study is to determine whether

being malnourished affects the academic performance of the students at Libis Elementary

School.

This research paper discusses ways in which being malnourished affects the

student’s academic performance.

The study is done through qualitative means to ensure that the data that are

obtained are precise and accurate. The gathering of data is conducted by interviewing 6

teachers, 6 students, and 6 parents to make sure that follow-up questions and such are

being entertained to ensure that all the data that are needed are obtained.

The researchers conducted this study verbally by going to the chosen school. The

chosen school then will be given the consent letter. From there on, the researchers started

conducting an interview.

v
 Other than the school itself, the researchers also conducted an interview

with the selected teachers and pupils of the school. The researchers also conducted an

interview with the parents to gather more data needed for this research.

According to the data the researchers have gathered, there are 70% of

pupils undergoing malnutrition and most of them are academically affected. Those pupils

that are affected are having a hard time not only in school but also inside their homes.

The students are easily getting tired and have poor performance when they are

malnourished compared to students who are not. With these findings, the researchers

determined that the nutritional state of a student affects their academic performance.

The researchers make sure to educate and spread awareness on how to recover

and prevent malnutrition so that in future events such things can be prevented.

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………………………………...
APPROVAL SHEET .............................................................................................................................. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....................................................................................................................... ii
DEDICATION ....................................................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................... viii
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................ ix
LIST OF FIGURE .................................................................................................................................. x

CHAPTER 1
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction… .................................................................................................................... 01-02
1.1 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................................... 02-03

1.2 Objectives of the Study .............................................................................................. 03-04

1.3 Significance of the Study........................................................................................... 04-06

1.4 Scope and Delimitation .................................................................................................. 06

Operational Definition…......................................................................................................... 07

CHAPTER 2
REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Legal Basis of the Study.................................................................................................. 08
2.2 Foreign Literature ............................................................................................... 09-13
2.3 Local Literature… ........................................................................................................ 13-20

vii
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY
3.1 Data Gathering Procedure… ...................................................................................... 21-22
3.2 Research Design…..................................................................................................... 23-25
3.3 Respondents of the Study and Sampling Design… ................................................. 25-26
3.4 Data Gathering Instrument .............................................................................................. 26
3.5 Questionnaires… ........................................................................................................ 29-33

CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
4.1 Presentation of Data.................................................................................................... 34-39
4.2 Analysis of Data ...................................................................................................34-39
4.3 Interpretation of Data .................................................................................................. 40-50

CHAPTER 5
FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary of Findings .................................................................................................. 51-52
5.2 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 53

BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................................. xi
CURRICULUM VITAE ........................................................................................................................ xii

viii
 LIST OF TABLES

Tables PAGE

1 Number of students undergoing malnutrition 41

2 Number of students academically affected by malnutrition 43

3 Number of students having behavioral issues 49

4 Number of respondents having financial problems 50

ix
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figures PAGE

1 Age of the Respondents 35

2 Gender of the Respondents 36

3 Grade level of the Respondents 36
4 Number of students undergoing malnutrition 37

5 Number of students academically affected by malnutrition 37

6 Number of students having behavioral issues 38

7 Age of the Respondents 38

8 Number of respondents having financial problems 39

9 Respondent’s educational Attainment 39

10 Respondent’s civil status 40

x
 CHAPTER 1

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Nutrition is an essential part of human life, health, and development. It refers

to the quality and amount of food intake the body receives. It is the total processes

involved in how an organism obtains nutrients and uses them to enable it to work

properly. It is one of the basic needs of every individual on earth. Not possessing

proper nutrition can lead to terrible consequences. Intake of insufficient amounts

of food nutrients may lead to different kinds of illnesses and may turn the bodies

weak and disabled. With the lead of technological advancement, fast and

processed foods are already prevalent in the world. It is very much a concern to

the younger generation, especially to learners on how much daily consumption of

food nutrition they have. Poor nutritional status is believed to be one of the causes

of low productivity in school which affects the academic achievements of the

students. Unintentional weight loss, a low body mass index, and vitamin and

mineral deficiencies can all be consequences of malnutrition. Malnutrition happens

if your body lacks vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients that are needed to help

keep the body working properly. Here are some signs that you might have

malnutrition, weight loss, lacking appetite, depression, and eating disorders. To

prevent malnutrition having a proper intake of macronutrients is a must. These

macronutrients are the most important nutrients that our body needs

1
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and water. Malnutrition also

deepens poverty due to increased healthcare costs.

Poor nutrition negatively affects the learning capacity and the physical

development of a child. It had been found that malnourished children are 20% less

to be literate than children who received proper nutrition. Additionally,

malnourished children are 7% more likely to make mistakes doing basic arithmetic.

For this reason, the researchers decided to tackle malnutrition and inform

everyone that a proper intake of nutrition is very important. Having a balanced diet

is a must considering that many children are suffering from illness because of

malnutrition, especially in the Philippines.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Malnutrition is one of the major problems these days, due to this, children

suffer from many diseases and lack immunity. Malnutrition has many causes it

could be because of poverty or maybe because of improper eating habits. In 2018

we`ve gathered information that around 25% of the children around the Philippines

died and suffered from malnutrition while comparing it to 2021 which increased up

to 40%, which mostly happened in countries with low-mid income including the

Philippines. The Findings revealed that malnutrition affected physical growth and

cognitive development and it consequently impacts the academic performance,

2
 health, and survival of learners. Malnutrition also deepens poverty due to

increased healthcare costs.

In the Philippines, stunting and wasting rates have remained unchanged for

the past 30 years. The frequency of stunting among children in the Philippines is

of "extremely high" public health significance, according to the classification of

undernutrition rates by the World Health Organization. With a 29 percent stunting

rate, the Philippines ranks sixth globally and among the top 10 East Asia and

Pacific nations. The high rates of juvenile undernourishment in the Philippines can

result in a stunning loss of the nation's human and economic potential.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To inform the risk of malnutrition.

Poor people are more likely to be affected by different forms of malnutrition.

Malnutrition increases healthcare costs, reduces productivity, and slows economic

growth, which can perpetuate a cycle of poverty and ill health.

2. The researchers also aim to spread awareness about proper intake of

nutrition.

A well-balanced diet provides all of the energy you need to keep active throughout

the day. Nutrients you need for growth and repair, helping you stay strong and

healthy and helping prevent malnutrition illness.

3
 3. To determine how malnutrition affects the academic capability of the

students.

The researchers aim to inform students of the risks of malnutrition and what it can

do to your body. The researchers also strive to spread awareness of malnutrition.

4. To help educate the parents on how they can help their child recover from

malnutrition.

Educating the parents is a must especially when it’s concerning their child’s health.

The researchers aim to help stop malnutrition by spreading information about the

matter. The researchers will inform the parents about malnutrition, and the early

signs of malnutrition. Researchers will help inform the parents so that they can

prevent it from happening.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be undertaken to find out the impact of malnutrition on the

academic performance of selected elementary students in Libis Elementary

School. Benefiting the study are the various sectors as follows:

TO THE STUDENTS

This study will help the students understand that their academic

performance is based not only on their ability to understand but also based on their

health. This study will reassure them that you can overcome every health problem

once they learned all the aspects of being healthy.

4
TO THE TEACHERS

The study will help the teachers know what to do if a child is undergoing

malnutrition. This study will also help them find out what a child undergoing

malnutrition feels and how malnutrition affects the understanding of the students

under malnutrition. The study will help identify the needs of the students and how

they should be treated.

TO THE PARENTS

The study will help the parents identify what to give and feed their children.

Knowing malnutrition and how to overcome it will not only help the parents but also

their children. Once the parents know about malnutrition they will probably also eat

healthy with their kids and this will help them overcome malnutrition if they are also

under malnutrition.

TO THE SCHOOL

This study will help the school know more about what to do, say, feed, and

how to treat children undergoing malnutrition. This will also help them identify the

reason for the children’s academic performance based on their nutritional status.

5
TO THE FUTURE RESEARCHER

This study will help future researchers with their research whether

connected to this topic or not. This will help them with the formatting, and if they

have a similar topic related to this title, it will help them find and gather data and

information for their research.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The study was limited only to the academic performances affected by

malnutritional studies of Elementary Students. The Data collection only will be

conducted on 6 teachers, 6 Selected Grade 4 – 6 students in Libis Elementary

School Year 2022 – 2023, and 6 parents. This study will be mainly focused on

Malnutrition affecting the academic performances of selected pupils and will not

be covering other matters that are not considered to be under nor relevant to

Malnutrition. The Research will only be conducting to selected grade 4-6 students

any other grade level that is not under grade 4-6 is not within the scope of this

research. This Research would be carried out through questionnaires and

interviews with The Students, Parents, and Teachers. With this, the Researchers

will gather the data collected and analyze the results.

6
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION

Malnutrition - A defense that intakes a person's energy and nutrients that

imbalance proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

Malnourished - A condition that occurs when the body is deprived of

vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients required to maintain our tissues healthy and

our organs to function.

Metabolism - A chemical reaction in the body cells that change food into

energy. (Kids Health, 2019).

Poverty - People who are more likely to be affected by different forms of

malnutrition. Also, Malnutrition increases healthcare costs, reduces productivity,

and slows economic growth, which can perpetuate a cycle of poverty and ill health.

(WHO, 2021).

Juvenile - A juvenile is a child or young person who is not old enough to be

recognized as an adult that can experience or have signs of malnutrition.

Cognitive Development - A construction of thought processes, including

remembering, problem-solving, and decision making that affects a child's school

performance because of poor full-scale IQ, poor reading ability, and poor school

performance.

7
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

LEGAL BASIS OF THE STUDY

Presidential Decree 491 of 1974 or the Nutrition Act of the Philippines

created the National Nutrition Council (NNC) under the Office of the President as

the policy-making and coordinating body for nutrition. The National Nutrition

Council (NNC) oversees the implementation of the hunger mitigation program. It

formulates national food and nutrition policies and strategies; and coordinates the

planning, monitoring, and evaluation of the national nutrition program.

Republic Act No. 11037 on Child Nutrition.

For purposes of this Act, it shall include children who are suffering from

chronic hunger and malnutrition as well as those who are considered as wasted,

severely wasted, or stunted under the World Health Organization Child Growth

Standards. SEC. 4. National Feeding Program. An act institutionalizing a national

feeding program for undernourished children in public daycare, kindergarten, and

elementary schools to combat hunger and undernutrition among Filipino children

and appropriating funds therefor.

8
FOREIGN LITERATURE

Global Malnutrition Crisis

They are living in an unprecedented global hunger and malnutrition crisis,

the likes of which have no place in the 21st century. World leaders are failing them,

struggling to respond to the multiple crises playing out right now.

But there is hope; treatment is simple and new funding announced at UNGA

last month offers the opportunity to save children’s lives in Somalia now. But we

cannot take our eye off the ball on this man-made and preventable disaster.

Hunger has slowly risen to the agenda at important international moments

such as the UN General Assembly. Save the Children employs brilliant and sharp

minds to leverage these events to see better outcomes for children, but despite

their and others’ efforts, it’s all fallen a bit flat.

Apart from the US government, world leaders have fallen far too short. A

huge $ 30bn in humanitarian funding short. It’s easy to feel utterly deflated and

hopeless about this scenario. The thing is, malnutrition isn’t an incurable disease,

the solutions are cheap and known, but the main solution tried to date seems to

be piecemeal funding, empty rhetoric, and apathy. (save the children 2022)

Child Malnutrition in India

The prevalence of malnutrition and its detrimental effects on children in

India are alarming. In a report published by UNICEF, it was noted that malnutrition

9
was the cause of 69% of deaths of children under the age of five in India,

additionally noting that within the under-five age bracket, every second child

suffers from some form of malnutrition.

Stunting, a major point of concern for India can result in irreparable physical

damage in children and apart from the physical suffering caused by undernutrition,

it is known to deter brain development which in turn results in numerous

drawbacks- diminished mental ability and increased risks of nutrition-related

chronic diseases being just two examples.

It can be traced back to before conception, when the mother had a history

of undernourishment, and is also connected with poor hygiene and lack of access

to proper sanitation, and, by the age of two, stunting becomes irreversible.

(UNICEF, n.d.) India has the maximum number of stunted children in the world

(40.6 million), a third of the global amount of stunted children under the age of five

(UNICEF, n.d.). Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh alone

are where more than 50% of stunted children reside, despite India being a country

with 29 different states (UNICEF, n.d.). (Aditi Partha, 2021)

Global Prevalence of Malnutrition

Malnutrition is a widespread problem, affecting the global population at

some life stages. This public health epidemic targets everyone, but the most

vulnerable groups are poverty-stricken people, young children, adolescents, older

10
people, those who are with illness and have a compromised immune system, as

well as lactating and pregnant women. Malnutrition includes both undernutrition

(wasting, stunting, underweight, and mineral- and vitamin-related malnutrition) and

overnutrition (overweight, obesity, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases).

In combating malnutrition, healthcare costs increase, productivity is reduced, and

economic growth is staggered, thus perpetuating the cycle of ill health and poverty.

The best-targeted age for addressing malnutrition is the first 1000 days of life as

this window period is ideal for intervention implementation and tracking for the

improvement of child growth and development. There is an unprecedented

opportunity to address the various forms of malnutrition, especially the 2016–2025

Decade of Action on Nutrition set by the United Nation. This aims to achieve the

relevant targets of the Sustainable Development Goals that aim to end hunger and

improve nutrition, as well as promote well-being and ensure healthy lives. (Natisha

Dukhi 2020)

Child Malnutrition in Pakistan

Pakistan has one of the highest prevalences of child malnutrition as

compared to other developing countries. This narrative review was accomplished

to examine the published empirical literature on children’s nutritional status in

Pakistan.

It has been estimated that 170 million (30%) of children under the age of

five in the world are moderately or severely stunted, and 110 million (19%) are

11
moderately or severely underweight. Almost half of all stunned children reside in

Asia, 51 million (8%) children under five years of age are wasted, and two-thirds

of all wasted children live in Asia Malnutrition affects the future health and

socioeconomic development of children and the dynamic perspective of society.

Pakistan has been reported to have one of the highest levels of prevalence of child

malnutrition compared to other developing countries.

According to the National Nutrition Survey, 33%of all children were

underweight, nearly 44% were stunted, 15% are wasted, 50%were anemic, and

33%were anemic (iron deficiency). In the last two decades, there has been little

reduction in the prevalence of child malnutrition in Pakistan compared to other

developing countries. (M Asim 2018)

Addressing Chronic Malnutrition in Madagascar

Madagascar is an extremely poor country, with more than 92 percent of

people living on less than $2 a day. More than half of children under the age of five

are chronically malnourished.

Fifteen years ago, Madagascar’s Office of Nutrition initiated a large-scale,

community-based nutrition program that is still operating throughout the country.

The program includes monthly growth-monitoring sessions for infants and young

children up to age 5, and community mobilization and nutrition education for

primary caregivers. The government is currently focusing on what else can be

12
done during the first 1,000 days of life to reduce stunting when children are most

at risk for developmental delays. This evaluation will help the government improve

the national nutrition program by examining several components that can be

scaled up for pregnant women and their babies in the first two years after birth.

(The World Bank 2016)

LOCAL LITERATURE

How to fight the global impact of malnutrition

Malnutrition can affect both adults and children. And, unknown to many, this

doesn’t affect poverty-stricken areas only. Signs include stunting where children

fall below the healthy height. There is a report of an estimated 149 million children

below five years old are stunted. The second is underweight which is based on

BMI (body mass index). Reports reveal that there are 462 million who are

underweight. The third is wasting which means they are below the healthy weight.

Forty-five million have been reported to be wasted. And at the opposite end

are overweight and obese where people are above the ideal healthy weight. 1.9

adults are overweight, while 39 million children under five years old are overweight.

Twenty-nine percent of all Filipino children under five years old have been

revealed to have stunted growth. This was based on a recent 2021 study on

undernutrition in the Philippines that has been conducted by the World Bank. This

13
places the country in fifth place among Asia Pacific countries and 10 countries

globally. UNICEF also revealed that a third of Filipino children are stunted.

With the rise of income and urbanization, we are experiencing both

malnutrition and obesity issues. An estimated USD3.5 trillion a year is spent on

malnutrition. “Slowed growth is not just a physical issue. It also impacts learning

and development in childhood,” says Dr. Jose Rodolfo Dimaano Jr., medical affairs

director for Abbott’s nutrition business in Pacific Asia.

Children are vulnerable to the effects of malnutrition, impacting their

cognitive and physical growth. Poor nutrition can lead to deficits in energy, protein,

or micronutrients; and it can negatively affect physical growth, intellectual

development, and academic attainment. Being obese can lead to chronic diseases

like type 2 diabetes and heart disease. And the diagnosis gets younger and

younger each year.

Malnutrition arises when there is food insecurity and a lack of access to

healthy food. There’s also the shift to convenient and on-to-go eating options that

are mostly unhealthy with few nutrients and more call the pandemic that disrupted

the global food supply chains has also made worse chains. It’s estimated that an

additional 83 to 132 million people globally will face undernourishment as a result

of the pandemic. Staying at home, scared to go out, has also brought problems in

14
being able to identify and treat undernourishment, particularly in children who are

not seen and checked by healthcare professionals.

Here’s how we can solve this global problem. It requires collaboration

across key stakeholders such as government, non-profits, private and public

organizations, and community groups to reach the most affected people. Solutions

come in many forms — including research, education, nutrition interventions, and

policy changes — and must be relevant to local and regional needs. (Jane Kingsu-

Cheng 2021)

Effects of Poverty in the Philippines

The hunger situation is alarming. The National Statistical Coordination

Board stated that more than 11 million Filipinos were considered food poor or living

below the subsistence level in 2003. The Food and Agricultural Organization in

2005 reported that there were more than 17 million undernourished Filipinos.

Food insecurity is blamed for the fact that many preschool children are

underweight and malnourished. An economist pointed out that “inadequate food

can adversely influence workers’ productivity.” The World Bank in 1996 estimated

that the total annual economic loss due to malnutrition was about US$8 billion.

The main reason why hunger is worsening is the people’s lack of income to

buy food. A government-sponsored survey in 2001 revealed that 8 out of 10

15
households experienced financial difficulty in purchasing food. The National

Statistics Office also noted that Filipino families are spending less on food items.

In 1994 about 48 percent of household expenditures were allotted for food. A

decade later, the share of food expenditures went down to 42 percent.

Rice used to be the staple food of Filipinos. Now it is quickly being replaced

by instant noodles which are cheaper but less nutritious. Politicians are even giving

out instant noodles in urban poor communities and evacuation centers in calamity-

stricken provinces. ( psa.gov.ph 2019)

Effects of Malnutrition

In the Philippines, malnutrition remains a significant public health concern

with a staggering 3.4 million children who are stunted (short for their age) and more

than 300,000 children under 5 years who are severely wasted.

High malnutrition results in a low school survival rate. This shows that

malnutrition is an important factor affecting a child’s ability to stay in school,

thereby strengthening the importance of school-based programs that attempt to

fight severe child waste. Malnutrition, as predicted, has a negative relationship with

cognitive development and educational achievement. This reinforces the role of

food in the academic life of a child in such a way that it can either promote or

impede growth and development, depending on the quality of the child.

16
 Lack of sufficient food and a balanced diet was the main cause of

malnutrition among children in the area. Poverty among children was also found

to be a root cause of malnutrition. Moreover, malnutrition hurts children's academic

performance and growth rates. Knowing more about what nutritional deficiencies

can lead to, parents should help their children to be successful in the classroom.

It indicates that food in the student’s academic performance is of paramount

importance. (UNICEF 2018)

Malnutrition in the Philippines

Filipino children are more malnourished than ever (Aquino, N. 2016). 1.8

million Children suffer from severe malnourishment. Ages 0-10 years old are at the

most risk of suffering malnourishment. Those children that suffer from

malnourishment are more prone to illnesses. The government responded and

launched a feeding program to address the problem of undernutrition among public

school students who are more at risk of malnutrition.

Despite its good effect on children that suffer from malnutrition, some

netizens say that it should not be the only option to ease malnutrition in the

Philippines. (“Malnutrition”, 2014). Children need macro and micronutrients in their

bodies. Good health and proper nutrition give children the greater ability to learn

and do more, enhancing their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, and moral

development.

For nearly thirty years, there have been almost no improvements in the

prevalence of undernutrition in the Philippines. One in three children (29%)

17
younger than five years old suffered from stunting (2019), being small in size for

their age.

There are regions with levels of stunting that exceed 40% of the population.

In Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 45% of children below

five are stunted, in Southwestern Tagalog Region (MIMAROPA) 41%, Bicol

Region it is 40%, Western Visayas 40%, and in the south-central Mindanao Region

(SOCCKSARGEN) 40%. (Lowe, A. 2016).

Malnutrition Affects School Performance

Manila, Philippines - Malnutrition remains as one of the biggest problems

that constrain school-age children from attending or performing well in school.

According to the latest studies presented by the Food and Nutrition

Research Institute (FNRI) at the recent National Nutrition Summit, almost one in

every three Filipino children aged six to 10 years old are underweight and under-

height for their age. The prevalence was highest among those nine to 10 years

old. The magnitude and severity of underweight school-age children were very

high in the provinces, particularly those in the Bicol region, Western Visayas

region, and MIMAROPA (Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon, Palawan). The study

results echo a World Health Organization report that over 30 percent of children in

the country are malnourished.

Among pre-school age Filipinos, the prevalence of underweight children

increased from 2008 to 2011 with Cagayan, ARMM, and again the MIMAROPA

18
region having the highest prevalence. Almost one in three Filipino children aged 0

to five was also found to be stunted or under-height for their age.

Seeing the need to help form and strengthen a national strategy on child

nutrition, the Infant and Pediatric Nutrition Association of the Philippines (IPNAP)

is teaming up with the FNRI and Department of Education on various programs

that aim to help eradicate the perennial problem of malnutrition. According to

IPNAP executive director Alex Castro, "the countryside or rural population needs

the most attention at the moment as most of the malnourished students come from

the provinces. That is where we will also roll out our programs to make the biggest

impact."

For the past two years, IPNAP has been a partner of the Oh My Gulay

Foundation (OMG) that was established to develop and implement awareness

campaigns and programs among school children to combat malnutrition and

nutrient deficiencies through promoting the integration of vegetables in the regular

diet. To date, several schools in the Visayas and Northern Luzon region have

benefited from IPNAP's sponsorship of the program.

Made up of the country's leading infant and child nutrition companies —

Abbott, Fonterra, Mead Johnson, Nestle, and Wyeth — IPNAP strives to be a key

contributor in promoting the health and well-being of infants and young children, to

help eradicate malnutrition and reduce infant and child mortality in the Philippines.

(The Philippine Star 2012)

19
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

In the month of September, The researchers started brainstorming ideas

and held meetings to communicate with one another. Then the researchers started

planning the context and gathering information and studies regarding the topics

that were decided upon during the meetings held.

On September 29 thesis Title defense was held and the title was approved

by the Research Teacher.

Afterward, the Researcher started conducting the research. Starting on

chapter 1 and working the way up to chapter 3. After checking the Progress, The

Research Teacher pointed out aspects of the chapters that needed to be revised.

The Researchers then worked on revising and appealed for another check.

After the chapters were approved by the research Teacher, The researchers then

prepared for the Upcoming Onsite Interviews.

Researchers conduct the research at Libis Elementary School, Binangonan

Rizal since there are so many children that are malnourished attending this school.

20
The researcher informed the relevance of this study to the teachers and parents

of the selected malnourished kids.

Researchers informed the respondents of the terms so that the

respondents can answer the questionnaires with full knowledge of their

responsibility as the subject of the researcher’s study. The Researchers requested

the respondents to respond with nothing but honesty.

The researcher used purposive sampling, in this study the Researchers

aimed to determine how malnutrition can affect the Academic capability of

Students, The researchers thought that this approach is the most suitable selected

sample for research.

After the respondents answered the questionnaire, the researchers then

collected the following data for interpretation. During this process, the Researcher

determines the appropriate statistical tools to be used in interpreting the data.

Interpreting the data, the researchers then will come up with a conclusion and

recommendation for the study.

21
RESEARCH DESIGN

The Researchers aim to help the school, parents, teachers, students, and

future researchers to be more aware of the academic status of the student caused

by malnutrition.

Qualitative research is research that relies on the data obtained by the

researchers. The data are generally non-numerical.

This study is Qualitative research for the researchers are doing a case study

which relies on the data gathered by the researchers from first-hand interviews,

observations, and recordings.

The researchers used descriptive research to conduct the study entitled “A

Case Study on How Nutritional Status Affects the Academic Performance of

Selected Elementary Pupils in Libis Elementary School Binangonan, Rizal”.

Descriptive research is a study designed to depict the participants

accurately. It is all about describing people who should take part in the study.

Descriptive research is used to obtain information concerning the current

status of the Selected Research participants.

22
 The researchers then Visit the Libis Elementary School in Binangonan Rizal

to explore and find the right proper Participants that are willing to participate in the

Research.

The researchers then requested students’ information from the teachers

using a consent form that was signed by the research teacher. The researchers

will dive into specific content and aim to understand the experience, and ideas that

the research participants gave. The Researchers then aim to deeply interpret the

following answers that the research participants provided with honesty.

The researchers will next conduct observations and questionnaires. That

desire to answer the following; what, when, how, and why the following question

to some specific answers to gather more information about the Participant’s

situation.

The Research participants will decide what time on specific dates to do the

interview.

The Researchers then interpret and take note of the Research participant’s

Answers for a clear understanding.

METHODS:

Descriptive research

23
ADVANTAGES:

Compared to other sorts of research, this heavily relays on sentence

information. While this type of study allows the researchers to question how, what,

when, and why, which will enable them to pinpoint the exact issue more quickly.

DISADVANTAGES:

If the conversation became too intimate, the Participants might withdraw or

lie about the corresponding information.

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY AND SAMPLING DESIGN

This study will attempt to address how malnutrition affects the school

performance of elementary students. The researchers will interview with a fixed

set of questionnaires to gather the data needed. This chapter deals with the step

by steps for the interview and details of the research design, respondents of the

study, data gathering procedure, and data gathering instruments.

The researchers conducted a face-to-face interview with Grade 4-6

students from Libis Elementary School because based on the research the

researchers have conducted and observed that most Grade 4-6 students

experience malnutrition. The researchers will make sure that they gather all the

information needed for the study.

The researcher will get at least 6 students, 6 parents, and 6 teachers of

Libis Elementary School to become respondents to the study. The Researchers

24
will be conducting a survey and asking for some information about the effect of

malnutrition on their school performance.

DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT

Any tool you use to collect, measure, and evaluate data pertinent to the

subject of your study is referred to as a "research instrument."

The study's research methods included surveys, interviews, and an

observation schedule. The tools chosen for data collection are intended to assess

the reliability and validity of the current research endeavor.

25
 SHINING LIGHT CHRISTIAN COLLEGE, INC
SEC Reg. 01628
Rizal Avenue Extension Batingan, Binangonan, Rizal Philippines 1940

Contact Nos: 09265229531/slcc.educ@gmail.com

OFFICE OF THE PRINCIPAL

LIBIS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
BINANGONAN RIZAL

Dear Ma’am / Sir

Greetings in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ

We, Grade 11 Researchers from Shining Light Christian College-Senior

High School Department, would love to present our topic entitled “A Case Study
on How Nutritional Status Affects the Academic Performance of Selected
Elementary Pupils in Libis Elementary School Binangonan, Rizal” and as part of
the partial fulfillment for our subject Research in Daily Life, we have to gather
information and data via conducting Interviews, Observation, and Surveys.
In line with this, we would like to ask permission to conduct an interview on
November 18, 2022, at your most convenient time. Only relevant will be asked by
the researchers without any intention to invade your own life and privacy. The
researchers would also like to conduct an interview and observation of the 6
selected grade 4-6 pupils. The researchers will only ask questions related to their
academic performance and how they feel most of the time. The researchers would
also like to gather information and data from at least 6 teachers relevant to the
student’s BMI and the academic performance of the pupils undergoing
malnutrition.

Your data’s confidentiality is our top priority so rest assured that it will be
kept private and will be used only for research purposes. You have the right to
withdraw anytime.

Respectfully yours,

The Researchers
NATHANIEL I HIDALGO
Research Leader

MS. CHRISTINE JOY NICOLAS

Research Adviser

26
 SHINING LIGHT CHRISTIAN COLLEGE,
INC
SEC Reg. 01628
Rizal Avenue Extension Batingan, Binangonan, Rizal Philippines 1940
Contact Nos: 09265229531/slcc.educ@gmail.com

Greetings in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ

Dear Parent/s

We, Grade 11 Researchers from Shining Light Christian College-Senior

High School Department, would love to present our topic entitled “A Case Study
on How Nutritional Status Affects the Academic Performance of Selected
Elementary Pupils in Libis Elementary School Binangonan, Rizal” and as part of
the partial fulfillment for our subject Research in Daily Life, we have to gather
information and data via conducting Interviews, Observation.
In line with this, we would like to ask permission to conduct an
interview at your most convenient time. Only relevant will be asked by the
researchers without any intention to invade your own life and privacy.

Your data’s confidentiality is our top priority so rest assured that it will be
kept private and will be used only for research purposes. You have the right to
withdraw anytime.

Respectfully yours,

The Researchers

NATHANIEL I HIDALGO
Research Leader

MS. CHRISTINE JOY NICOLAS

Research Adviser

27
QUESTIONNAIRES

Since many students are experiencing such as early diabetes, heart

disease, low energy levels, and deficits in brain function which are the main side

effects of malnutrition. As a student/teacher/parent/guardian, what can you do to

help to prevent malnutrition takes place? Considering that malnutrition affects a

child’s educational status. As a teacher how will you identify whether the child has

malnutrition and how can you help them? Since teachers are one of the secondary

sources of information since they identify their BMI and they monitor the children

whether it is active in school or not. For parents how can you help your children

eat a proper diet? How will you consider whether your children do have malnutrition

how will you identify it?

FOR THE TEACHERS

Part I. PERSONAL DATA

This part of the questionnaire will determine the basic profile of the respondents

which is needed for the research.

NAME: AGE: GENDER:

BARANGAY:

Part II.

This part of the questionnaire will determine the reasons of the respondents.

How do you know if your student is malnourished?

(Paano mo malalaman kung malnourished ang iyong estudyante?)

28
What do you do after finding out that your student has malnutrition?

(Ano ang gagawin mo pagkatapos malaman na may malnutrisyon ang iyong

estudyante?)

What is the effect of malnutrition on their academic performance?

(Ano ang epekto ng malnutrition sa kanilang academic performance?)

How do you inform their parents that their child has malnutrition?

(Paano mo ipapaalam sa kanilang mga magulang na may malnutrisyon ang

kanilang anak?)

What do you observe with the students regarding their behavior?

(Ano ang iyong naobserbahan sa mga mag-aaral tungkol sa kanilang pag-uugali?)

29
FOR THE STUDENTS

Part I. PERSONAL DATA

This part of the questionnaire will determine the basic profile of the respondents

which is needed for the research.

NAME: AGE: GENDER:

GRADE LEVEL: BARANGAY:

Part II.

This part of the questionnaire will determine the reasons of the respondents.

How do you feel while studying?

(Ano ang pakiramdam mo habang nag-aaral?)

Are you struggling academically?

(Nahihirapan ka ba sa mga tuntunin ng akademya?)

What kinds of food do you usually eat?

(Anong mga uri ng pagkain ang karaniwan mong kinakain?)

Do you get tired easily?

(Mabilis ka ba mapagod?)

How many subjects are you having trouble with? What are those subjects?

(Ilang subject ang nahihirapan ka? Ano ang mga paksang iyon?)

What can you say about your academic performance?

(Ano ang masasabi mo sa iyong akademikong pagganap?)

30
FOR THE PARENTS

Part I. PERSONAL DATA

This part of the questionnaire will determine the basic profile of the respondents

which is needed for the research.

NAME: AGE:

GENDER:

CIVIL STATUS: Married ( ) Separated ( ) BARANGAY:

HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

( ) ELEMENTARY GRADUATE ( ) HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE ( ) COLLEGE

GRADUATE

Part II.

This part of the questionnaire will determine the reasons of the respondents.

Do you know that your child has malnutrition?

(Alam mo ba na ang iyong anak ay may malnutrisyon?)

What kinds of food do you usually serve to your family?

(Anong mga uri ng pagkain ang karaniwan mong inihahain sa iyong pamilya?)

What would you do after finding out that your child has malnutrition?

(Ano ang gagawin mo pagkatapos malaman na ang iyong anak ay may

malnutrisyon?)

Are there unusual or noticeable changes in behavior that could be caused by

malnutrition?

31
(Mayroon bang kakaiba o kapansin-pansing mga pagbabago sa pag-uugali sa loob

ng sambahayan na maaaring sanhi ng malnutrisyon?)

Are you experiencing financial problems?

(Nakakaranas ka ba ng mga problema sa pananalapi?)

What can you say about your child’s academic performance?

(Ano ang masasabi mo tungkol sa akademikong pagganap ng iyong anak?)

What can you do to help your child overcome malnutrition?

(Ano ang maaari mong gawin upang matulungan ang iyong anak na malampasan

ang malnutrisyon?

32
 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the data gathered, the results of the statistical

analysis done, and the interpretation of the findings. These are presented in tables

following the sequence of the specific research problem regarding the effects of

malnutrition on academic performance.

PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

Figure 1: Age of the Respondents

The graph presents the distribution of respondents with malnutrition

according to age. There are 6 total respondents that answered the questionnaires.

The majority of them are 12 years old garnering 50% of the total number of

respondents with malnutrition.

Age of Students

33.33%

50%

16.67%

9 years old 10 years old 12 years old

33
Figure 2: Gender of the Respondents

The graph presents the distribution of respondents with malnutrition

according to Gender. According to the graph, 67% of the respondents are male

and 33% are female.

Gender of the Respondents

33%

67%

Male Female

Figure 3: Grade Level of the Students

The graph presents the distribution of the students According to their

Grade level. According to the graph, 33% of the respondents are in Grade 4,

33% are in Grade 5 and 33% are in Grade 6.

Grade Level of the Students

33% 33%

33%
Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6

34
Figure 4: Number of students affected by Malnutrition
The graph presents the distribution of the number of affected students by

Malnutrition. According to the graph, 50% are Grade 4, 33.33% are Grade 5 and

16.67% are Grade 6.

Number of students affected by Malnutrition

16.67%

50%

33.33%

Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6

Figure 5: Number of students academically affected by malnutrition

The graph presents the distribution of the number of students who are

academically affected by malnutrition. According to the graph, 50% are Grade 6,

16.67% are Grade 5 and 33.33% are Grade 4.

Number of Students Academically Affected

by Malnutrition
33.33%

50%

16.67%

Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6

35
Figure 6: Number of students having behavioral issues

The graph presents the number of students having behavioral issues.

Based on the data the reseachers have gathered, the number of students

behaviorally affected by malnutrition is one and the same, with both affected and

not affected having 50%.

Number of Students Having Behavioral

Issues Caused by Malnutrition

50% 50%

Affected Not Affected

Figure 7: Age of the Respondents

This graph shows the age of the respondents. Based on the data the

researchers have gathered, most of the parents are 28-30 years old, garnering

66.67%.

Age of the Parents

33.33%

66.67%

Ages 18-30 Ages 31 above

36
Figure 8: Number of respondents having financial problems

This graph presents the number of respondents who claimed to have

financial problems. According to the data they’ve given, all of them are having

financial problems.

Number of Respondents Having Financial

Problems

100%

Family with Financial Problems

Figure 9: Respondent’s educational attainment

The graph presents the educational attainment of the respondents.

According to the data, the researchers have gathered, there are 66.67%

Highschool graduates and 33.33% Highschool undergraduates.

Parent’s Educational Attainment

33.33%

66.67%

Highschool Undergrad Highschool Grad

37
Figure 10: Respondent’s civil status

This graph represents the civil status of the respondents. Based on the data

the researchers have gathered, most of the parents are single with 50%, 33.33%

are married and 16.67% are separated.

Parent’s Civil status

16.67%

50%

33.33%

Separated Married Single

38
INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Interpretation of gathered data from the teachers.

How do you know if your student is malnourished?

Respondent 1 Yung una kinukuha ang kanilang BMI

at base dun sa kanilang kilos at
katawan.
Respondent 2 Syempre makikita naman sa itsura
tapos kinukuha namin ang kanilang
weight height tapos kinocompare
namin sa BMI.
Respondent 3 Yung iba di pala sagot matamlay sila
sa klase.
Respondent 4 Syempre pag ang bata ay hindi
healthy ang performance nila sa klase
ay mababa.
Respondent 5 By the use of BMI, we get the
nutritional status of our students every
year.
Respondent 6 Gumagamit kami ng BMI para
malaman kung may malnutrition ba
sila. Binabase din naming minsan sa
physical appearance nila.

39
What do you do after finding out that your student has malnutrition?

Respondent 1 Yung Iba kasali sa feeding, yung iba

naman binibigyan ng vitamins at fruits.
Respondent 2 Una sa lahat iniinform namin ang
kanilang magulang na siya ay
malnourished kase minsan ang
magulang unaware eh, pangalawa
sinasama namin siya sa program ng
school, nagkakaroon kami ng
orientation sa mga parent kung ano
ba dapat ang ipakain sa mga anak
nila para maiwasan o mawala o
lumusog ang kanilang mga anak.
Respondent 3 I’ll inform the parent tapos yung
feeding coordinator para makasama
yung student sa feeding program.
Respondent 4 Syempre isasali ko sya sa feeding and
we will tell the parent kung anong
kinds ng food dapat ibigay sa mga
bata.
Respondent 5 We listed the students that are
severely wasted then sinama namin
sila sa school feeding.
Respondent 6 Pa gang student is positive sa
malnutrition nililist down namin sila
and isasali sa feeding and iniinform
din namin ang kanilang magulang
tungkol doon,

40
What is the effect of malnutrition on their academic performance?

Respondent 1 Yung iba hindi palasagot, ano lang

sila parang matamlay, matamlay sila
sa klase.
Respondent 2 Syempre pag ang bata ay hindi
healthy ang performance nila sa klase
ay mababa.
Respondent 3 Siyempre di makasagot ang bata,
mahirap umintindi sa aralin.
Respondent 4 Minsan sila eh inaantok o kaya naman
ay talagang hindi makafocus sa
pagaaral at madalas silang tahimik
lang akala mo nakikinig yun pala
nakatulala na kasi hindi nga sila
makafocus.
Respondent 5 Syempre kapag malnourished ang
isang bata hindi sila nakakafocus
masyado specially lalo kung
malnourished ang bata uneasy sila
lalo na kung hindi sila kumain. Malaki
talaga ang epekto ng pagiging
malnourished ng isang bata kapag sa
performance kase nakikita natin na
kapag gutom sila hindi sila
nakakafocus masyado uneasy pag
dating sa classroom. Pero dahil dito
bilang lang ang malnourished dahil
nasa mataas na seksyon pero sa iba
nakikita natin na iyon nga lagi sila
nagtatanong kung anong oras ang
lunch dahil makikita mo sa
performance nila hindi sila
nakakapagperform maigi sa school
specially sa mahihirap sa major
subjects.
Respondent 6 Hindi sila gaano responsive tapos
hindi din sila masyado nagrerecite
pero minsan naman ay nakakasagot
sila madalas lang talagang hirap sila.

41
How do you inform their parents that their child has malnutrition?

Respondent 1 Dun sa meeting and minsan tinatawag

ano solo kinakausap
Respondent 2 Nagkakaroon kami ng meeting at
doon ay sinasabi namin sa mga
magulang na sila nga ay
malnourished.
Respondent 3 Kapag nagtitimbang ng bata sinasabi
namin sa magulang kung ano ang
resulta ng pagtitimbang namin sa
kanila.
Respondent 4 Pagkatapos ng BMI naman ay
sinasabi naming sa magulang
iniinform na naming sila.
Respondent 5 Minsan pinatatawag ang magulang o
pagka nagkakaroon ng meeting
sinasabi na naming.
Respondent 6 Pag nacompute na ang kanilang BMI
at kinalabasan nga na may
malnutrition sila ay sinasabi na namin
sa parent na kasama ang kanilang
anak sa feeding.

What do you observe with the students regarding their behavior?

Respondent 1 Wala napakabait.

Respondent 2 Matamlay shempre ang batang hindi

malusog di din gumagana ng mabuti
ang isip hindi din nakakapagsagotat
hindi nkakagawa ng Gawain.
Respondent 3 Siyempre kapag sila ay malnourished
parang di sila active sa pag aaral.
Respondent 4 Madalas sa kanila napapaaway sa
hindi pagkaka intindihan. May
nagsusumbong sakin minsan may
nagaaway tapos pag tinanong ko
mababaw lang ang dahilan ng
kanilang pagaaway.
Respondent 5 Sa observation ko sila naman ay
mabait na bata talaga lang madalas
ay parang inaantok at hindi nakikinig.
Respondent 6 Yun nga kagaya ng sinabi ko kanina
hindi sila gaano responsive.

42
Interpretation of gathered data from the students.

How Do You Feel While Studying?

Respondent 1 Confident po kase po gusto po

makatapos para sa parents ko po
Respondent 2 Okay lang naman po

Respondent 3 Minsan po kinakabahan at

nahihirapan lalo nap ag sumasagot
Respondent 4 Okay naman po nakakasabay naman

Respondent 5 Masaya po kahit minsan mahirap

Respondent 6 Okay naman po pero minsan

nakakapagod

Are You Struggling Academically?

Respondent 1 Hindi naman po,sa english po minsan

Respondent 2 Opo sa mathematics po

Respondent 3 Minsan po nahihirapan lalo na sa

math
Respondent 4 Minsan po mahirap kase maraming
pinapagawa
Respondent 5 Okay naman po kahit papaano
nakakasabay
Respondent 6 Maayos naman po nakakahabol
naman po

43
What kinds of food do you usually eat?

Respondent 1 Minsan po prito pag gabi naman po

minsan gulay.
Respondent 2 Minsan po de lata minsan din po
gulay.
Respondent 3 Itlog hotdog tyaka tocino po.

Respondent 4 Sinigang, kangkong pero minsan din

po sitsirya.
Respondent 5 Kwek kwek po, pero pag umaga po
hotdog.
Respondent 6 Isda po prito minsan po gulay.

Do you get tired easily?

Respondent 1 Opo, pag po may pe kami.

Respondent 2 Minsan po.

Respondent 3 Hindi naman po, minsan lang po pag

hindi umiinom ng tubig
Respondent 4 Napapagod po ako minsan lalo na po
pag tumatakbo, ganun po.
Respondent 5 Opo, kapag po malikot ako.

Respondent 6 Opo, lagi po kapag galing akong

school.

44
How many subjects are you having trouble with? What are those subjects?

Respondent 1 Sa mapeh at English po, kase po

yung mga sa ibat-ibang etniko, sa
English naman po hindi kop o
maintindihan.
Respondent 2 Isa lang po, sa English lang po, kase
po yung iba pa naiintindihan ko
naman.
Respondent 3 Math po nahihirapan ako intindihin,
tas English po medyo mahirap.
Respondent 4 Sa math po, kasi di ako masyado
marunong mag bilang.
Respondent 5 English po, kasi ang hirap mag salita
ng English.
Respondent 6 Wala po Math lang po talaga, kasi
andami pong kakabisaduhin

What can you say about your academic performance?

Respondent 1 Ok lang naman po. Wala naman pong

problema.
Respondent 2 Wala naman pong problema.

Respondent 3 Sana po makapagtapos ako at

makapag-aral ng mabuti.
Respondent 4 Sana gumaling po ko sa pag bilang.

Respondent 5 Nahihirapan po akong sumabay

minsan
Respondent 6 May bagsak po sa math

45
Interpretation of gathered data from the parents.

Do you know that your child has malnutrition?

Respondent 1 Oo, sinabi saakin ng school na

kasama anak ko sa feeding kaya
understand na yun na ganun nga.
Respondent 2 Actually nalaman ko lang kase
kasama anak ko sa feeding.
Respondent 3 Sa pagkaka alam ko kase ok naman
yung anak ko.
Respondent 4 Hindi, kase hindi naman sya sakitin
pati hindi ko rin sya palagi kasama
gawa sa trabaho.
Respondent 5 Oo, kase sinabi ng teacher nya sakin.

Respondent 6 Yes, alam ko kase madalas matamlay

sya pati kasali rin sya sa severly
wasted daw at sa feeding.

What kinds of food do you usually serve to your family?

Respondent 1 Dipende din kasi sa araw minsan di
ako nakakaluto kaya bumibili nalang
kami sa labas.
Respondent 2 Mahirap kasi sya pakainin eh, mapili
kasi sa pagkain kaya kung anong
gusto nya yun ibibigay ko para kumain
sya.
Respondent 3 Minsan nag gugulay kami pero
madalas pirito talaga kasi madali
lutuin eh.
Respondent 4 Chicken, iba’t ibang luto pero yun
yung usually na inihahain ko, manok
talaga.
Respondent 5 Bumibili lang kami minsan ng luto.

Respondent 6 Paiba iba, minsan baboy, minsan isda

o kaya manok tapos minsan gulay.

46
What would you do after finding out that your child has malnutrition?
Respondent 1 Siguro baguhin ko yung araw araw na
pinapakain ko sa kanya.
Respondent 2 Papasalihin ko ng feeding program
tapos dadagdagan pagluluto ng gulay
Respondent 3 Mas magluluto ng pagkain na
maraming nutrients especially mga
gulay ganon.
Respondent 4 Papakainin ko ng mas marami at
babantayan kung kumakain ba ng
tama.
Respondent 5 Bibilhan ko ng vitamins tapos
babantayan yung magiging
kalalabasan king mababago ba yung
pag kain nya.
Respondent 6 Mas babantayan ko at papakainin ng
masusustansyang pagkain.

Are there unusual or noticeable changes in behavior that could be caused by

malnutrition?
Respondent 1 Ano pagiging matamlay sa bahay.

Respondent 2 Pagiging matamlay tapos nahihirapan

sa lessons.
Respondent 3 Siguro ano pag minsan nandito sa
bahay nagiging antukin at matamlay
sila.
Respondent 4 Pag minsan parang ambilis nila
mapagod hindi tulad nung ibang bata.
Respondent 5 Pagiging matamlay nila.

Respondent 6 Pag minsan after school tapos pag

uwi ang tamlay nila tapos antukin.

47
Are you experiencing financial problems?
Respondent 1 Minsan kase maraming
pangangailangan lalo na tatlo silang
mag kakapatid.
Respondent 2 Minsan kulang sa budget pero
nasusustentohan naman.
Respondent 3 Ano sapat lang para sa
pangangailangan ng pamilya ko pero
may mga kulang budget minsan.
Respondent 4 Minsan nakukulangan sa budget.

Respondent 5 Minsan low budget kailangan tipirin.

Respondent 6 Nasusustentohan ko naman ng

maayos pero nakukulangan parin
kase 3 silang magkakapatid.

What can you say about your child’s academic performance?

Respondent 1 Maayos naman nakakasabay kahit
papaano.
Respondent 2 Minsan nahihirapan sa ibang subjects
nya.
Respondent 3 Ayos naman pero may kababaan
minsan scores nya.
Respondent 4 Hirap siya minsan pero ok naman
nakakasabay siya.
Respondent 5 May mababang scores minsan pero
ok naman kase ket paano ok grades
nya.
Respondent 6 Maganda naman performance nya.

48
What can you do to help your child overcome malnutrition?
Respondent 1 Pag sasabihan ko siya na
napakahalaga ng sapat na sustansya.
Respondent 2 Tutulungan kumain ng
masusustansyang pagkain.
Respondent 3 Bibigyan ng vitamins tapos mga
pagkain na makakatulong para
sakanya.
Respondent 4 Kukumbinsihin kong kumain siya ng
mga gulay prutas para mas maging
malusog pangangatawan.
Respondent 5 Mas mag hahain ng pagkaing
masustansya gulay prutas ganon.
Respondent 6 Bawasan pag kain nya ng sitsirya
tapos mas babantayan ko yung araw
araw nyang pag kain.

49
 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

The main purpose of this chapter is to present the summary of the study. It

is also intended to draw certain valid conclusions based upon the result of the

study and make a few recommendations which when considered, may one way or

another help to improve the nutritional status and academic performance of any

children.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Chapter one dealt with the background to the problem which was done

because of the thought that nutritional status affects the academic performance

of the students.

Also, the statement of the background of the problem, the purpose of the

study, the significance of the study, and the Research questions organization of

the study were discussed.

Chapter two reviewed the Literature on how nutritional status affects the

academic performance of the students.

Chapter three dealt with the methodology under which pre-test,

intervention, and post-test methods were used.

Chapter four also analysis the data collected systematically. It is also dealt

with the comparison of data collected and the findings.

50
 The last chapter, which is chapter five, is the summary, conclusion, and

the researcher’s recommendations about nutritional status and academic

performance.

The Respondents are Elementary students of Libis Elementary School. The

Respondents' ages are ranging from 9 to 12 years old, the rate of 33.33% is 9

years old, 16.67% of the respondents are 10 years old, and 50% are 12 years old.

The Respondents were from Grade level 4, 5, and 6. 34% of the respondents were

from Grade 4, 33% are grade 5 and 33% are grade 6. With regards to the Gender

of the Respondents, 60% are male whilst 40% are female.

The result shows that 50% of the respondents are in Grade 4, and most of

the Teachers suggest including this student in the feeding program. However,

Grade 5 respondents rated second to the highest in terms of being affected by

Malnutrition with a rate of 33.33% because Teachers still pursuing parents to join

their children in feeding programs at school. Lastly, Grade 6 respondents rated

16.67% since the Teachers advised the parents to monitor their children's food at

home.

The respondents rated the malnutrition affected academically. According to

the graph, their responses claimed that 50% of Grade 6 students most of the

students are have low grades in other subjects such as English and math and there

are subjects they don't understand especially math and English, 16.67% of Grade

5 students, and 33.33% Grade 4 students, most of the students are having a hard

time in other subjects, especially math and English.

51
CONCLUSION

The researchers had come up with their conclusions based on the gathered

data and information.

The purpose of this research was to identify how nutritional status affects

on academic performance of the students. This study will help identify the causes

of malnutrition and academic disturbance and find ways how to prevent this.

The main finding of the study is that malnutrition does affect the academic

performance of the students and can be prevented.

RECOMMENDATION

These recommendations are said to help with the solution for our study,

which is limited to how nutritional status affects the academic performance of the

students.

The research found that children aged 12 years old are at greater risk of

malnutrition. Therefore, it is recommended that policies that are made for

combating malnutrition should target this specific group.

The researchers would also like to recommend having a healthy diet and

healthy sleep schedule for everyone to prevent being malnourished.

52
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

FOREIGN LITERATURE

Author: savethechildren.org.uk
Title: Global Malnutrition Crisis
Date of Publication: 2022

Author: PharmaPharta
Title: Child Malnutrition in India

Date of Publication: 2021

Author: Natisha Dukhi

Title: Global Prevalence of Malnutrition
Date of Publication: 2020

Author: M Asim
Title: Child Malnutrition in Pakistan
Date of Publication: 2018

Author: The World Bank

Title: Addressing Chronic Malnutrition in Madagascar
Date of Publication: 2016

xi
LOCAL LITERATURE

Author: Jane Kingsu-Cheng

Title: Effects of Poverty in the Philippines

Date of Publication: 2021

Author: The World Bank

Title: Impact of Malnutrition

Date of Publication: 2021

Author: UNICEF
Title: Malnutrition in the Philippines

Date of Publication: 2018

Author: Lowe, A.

Title: Effects of Malnutrition

Date of Publication: 2016

Author: The Philippine Star

Title: Malnutrition Affects School Performance
Date of Publication: 2012

xii
 CURRICULUM VITAE

NAME: Nathaniel I. Hidalgo

AGE: 16

SEX: Male

ADDRESS: Daranga Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADD.

Psnatnat@gmail.com

GOAL: TO HAVE A HAPPY LIFE WITHOUT ANY WORRIES.

EDUCATION:

Elementary – Juan Sumulong Elementary School

Junior Highschool – San Jose National Highschool

Senior Highschool – Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: Consistent class achiever from grade 1 to grade 4.

HOBBIES: Novels, Webtoons, Online games, Guitar, Exploring, War.

EXPERTISE: Online games, Decent in math

EXPERIENCE: None

xiii
 NAME: Prince Laurence J. Alfaro

AGE: 16

SEX: Male

ADDRESS: Tatala Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS

09756533988/princelaurencemarch@gmail.com

GOAL: TO SEEK A HIGHER POSITION IN A COMPANY AND EXCEED MY

SKILLS.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: URS Sampaloc Rizal

Ambassadors of Hope Christian Academy
Pinyahan Elementary School
Junior Highschool – Flora A. Ylgan Highschool

Senior Highschool – Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: 2x back-to-back champion RIPRISA Sampaloc chess

tournament. Consistent Honor is pre-school high school.

HOBBIES: Drawing, Animating, Editing, Online Games, MAGING UTO-UTO.

EXPERTISE: Chess

EXPERIENCE: None

xiv
 NAME: Jade A. Anore

AGE: 16

SEX: Female

ADDRESS: Mahabang Parang Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADD.

09656701823

GOAL: BE SUCCESSFUL IN THE NEAR FUTURE.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Mahabang Parang Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Mahabang Parang National Highschool

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: None

HOBBIES: Reading

EXPERTISE: Cleaning and gardening

EXPERIENCE: None

xv
 NAME: Atashi Luis M. Aran

AGE: 18

SEX: Male

ADDRESS: Mahabang Parang Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS:

GOAL: I WANNA BE A BILLIONAIRE.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Mahabang Parang National Highschool

Junior Highschool: Mahabang Parang National Highschool

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: 3rd place in Basketball League

HOBBIES: Basketball

EXPERTISE: Basketball

EXPERIENCE: None

xvi
 NAME: Princess Joy G. Aquias

AGE: 16

SEX: Female

ADDRESS: Mahabang Parang Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS:

09107650985
GOAL: CAN BROADEN THE MIND AND FINISH STUDYING.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Mahabang Parang Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Mahabang Parang National Highschool

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: None

HOBBIES: Taking care of my niece and cleaning the house and eating and
sleeping.

EXPERTISE: None

EXPERIENCE: None

xvii
 NAME: Tristan Jade De Leon

AGE: 16

SEX: Male

ADDRESS: Calumpang Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADD.

tristandeleon286@gmail.com

GOAL: TO FINISH THIS THESIS.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Navotas Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Catalino D. Salazar National Highschool

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: None

HOBBIES: Playing online games, guitar

EXPERTISE: None

EXPERIENCE: None

xviii
 NAME: Flores, Nicole

AGE: 16

SEX: Female

ADDRESS: Batingan Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS:

09565215015/nicoleflrs27@gmail.com
GOAL: TO GRADUATE, HAVE A BETTER CAREER, HAVE A SUCCESSFUL
LIFE, AND FULFILL MY DREAMS.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Binangonan Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Philippine Best Training Systems Colleges Inc.

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: Honor in 8th grade and achiever in 9th grade.

HOBBIES: Reading Wattpad, watching Kdrama.

EXPERTISE: Unknown

EXPERIENCE: None

xix
 NAME: Magsenolog, John Mark Rhaezel

AGE: 17

SEX: Male

ADDRESS: Dalig Batingan Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADD.\

johnmarkmarinay28@gmail.com

GOAL: TO FINISH THIS THESIS.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Binangonan Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Philippine Best Training Systems Colleges inc.

Senior Highschool: Shining light Christian College inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: None

HOBBIES: Playing online games

EXPERTISE: None

EXPERIENCE: None

xx
 NAME: Marzon, Jayneil Rose

AGE: 16

SEX: Female

ADDRESS: Daranga Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS:

jayneilrosem@gmail.com

GOAL: TO BE ABLE TO SHARE MY PASSION WITH OTHERS AND INSPIRE

THEM TO DO WHAT THEY LOVE.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: His Little One’s Learning Center

Junior Highschool: Scholastica de San Alfonso Inc.

APEC Schools

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: Valedictorian, Honor student, Academic excellence award,

academic quiz bee in primary level champion, math quiz bee in junior high school
1st runner up

HOBBIES: painting, digital arts, traditional arts, classical music, violin, piano,
reading manga, and watching anime.

EXPERTISE: Arts

EXPERIENCE: Private tutor assistant

xxi
 NAME: Naguit, Jayne

AGE: 16

SEX: Female

ADDRESS: Gupiing Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS:

09197577167 / namjaynenaguit@gmail.com

GOAL: TO GRADUATE AND FULFILL MY DREAMS.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Lunsad Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Philippine best Training Systems Colleges Inc.

Guronasyon Foundation

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: Honor and achiever from grades 8 – 10.

HOBBIES: Too many to mention.

EXPERTISE: Self-time management.

EXPERIENCE: None

xxii
 NAME: Ojascastro, Patrick David

AGE: 17

SEX: Male

ADDRESS: Mahabang Parang Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADD.

PATRICKOJASCASTRO98@GMAIL.COM

GOAL: TO FINISH THIS RESEARCH.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Binangonan Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Catholic Christian College

Mahabang Parang National Highschool

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Chrisgtian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: None

HOBBIES: Basketball

EXPERTISE: None

EXPERIENCE: None

xxiii
 NAME: Ortillano, John Francis

AGE: 16

SEX: Male

ADDRESS: Batingan Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS:

09214927702/ortillanojohnfrancis@gmail.com

GOAL: TO FINISH THIS RESEARCH.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Shining Light Christian College

Junior Highschool: Binangonan Catholic College
Mahabang Parang National Highschool
Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College
ACHIEVEMENTS: Business math quiz bee 1st placer, dama 1st placer

HOBBIES: Sports

EXPERTISE: Sports, dama, and academics

EXPERIENCE: None

xxiv
 NAME: Rivera, Rein Ashley

AGE: 17

SEX: Female

ADDRESS: Batingan Binangonan Rizal

CONTACT NO. / EMAIL ADDRESS:

09355193584/reinashleyrivera@gmail.com

GOAL: TO FINISH THIS RESEARCH I ALSO WANT TO SOON START MY OWN

BUSINESS AND BE SUCCESSFUL AND EARN MONEY WITHOUT WORKING.
LASTLY, I AM AIMING TO HAVE A HAPPY AND WONDERFUL LIFE.

EDUCATION:

Elementary: Binangonan Elementary School

Junior Highschool: Philippine Best Training Systems Colleges Inc.

Senior Highschool: Shining Light Christian College Inc.

ACHIEVEMENTS: Consistent honor since kinder, started my own business at 15

HOBBIES: Cooking and singing

EXPERTISE: Leadership, professionalism, teamwork, critical thinking

EXPERIENCE: Started my own business, worked at a corner store; and worked in

an LPG gas tank store.

xxv