ST.

PAUL UNIVERSITY QUEZON CITY

Bio 09 – Human Anatomy and Physiology
00

1946
Laboratory Reports
Unit 2

ACTIVITY 2C
PROPERTIES OF BONE
Name: Date: Score:
Chemical Composition and Properties of Bone

Soak a chicken leg bone in 3% acetic acid or vinegar for about 24 hours. Feel thebone at
the end of the soaking period. Try to bend or break it.

Where you able to bend or break the bone after it had been soaked in acid? Explainyour
observation.
I was able to bend the chicken bone on the other side, but the other side was too
hard to bend or break. I think that something came off from the bone that makes it sturdy.

What happened to the inorganic contents of the bone?

Calcium was slowly removed. The bones soaked in vinegar will become rubbery causing the
flexibility of the bone and retaining it

Bake another chicken leg bone in an oven (250-300oF) for about 2 hours or until itlooks
well-charred. Try to bend the bone.

Can the bone be bent after it was baked?

No, because the bones will get dry, crispy, and turn black. When the bone was baked, the
heat broke down the flexible collagen fibers and left only the hard minerals. The baked bone is stiff
because of the minerals present, however, it is no longer flexible due to the absence of collagen.

Explain your observation.

The baked bone was not bent. It was pulverized and the bone was crispy and was cut or broken
easily. I think it became like charcoal. I think the protective layer of the bone which makes it silky to
touch was destroyed by the heat causing it to be too brittle.
Bone Fractures
Identify the illustrations of bone fractures below using the given keywords anddescribe
each.

Compression
Fracture
Transverse

Compound
 Spiral

Greenstick

What is bone remodeling? What is its importance?

Bone remodeling involves the removal of mineralized bone by osteoclasts followed by

the formation of bone matrix through the osteoblasts that subsequently become mineralized.
In simple terms, old tissues of bone are removed and new tissues will replace them. Bone
remodeling is a fundamental process by which the mammalian skeleton tissue is continuously
renewed to maintain the structural, biochemical and biomechanical integrity of bone and to
support its role in mineral homeostasis.

How do exercise and mechanical stress affect bone tissues?

Exercise is greatly suggested when you want to stay fit and make your bones stronger
especially when you are old. Mechanical stress to bone plays a crucial role in the maintenance
of bone homeostasis. Loaded mechanical stress is converted to a series of biochemical
reactions, and finally activates osteoclasts and osteoblasts to cause bone resorption and
formation. Which means as you lift weights and put mechanical stress on your bones, they
thicken.