SSLC- Social Science Scoring Package M.

Srinivasa Prasad SJIHS Bengaluru N3

HISTORY
UNIT – I
ADVENT OF EUROPEANS TO INDIA

• Name the commodities that were in great demand in Europe during the
middle ages.
• Why was ‘Blue Water Policy’ introduced?
• How were Dasthaks misused?
• Constantinople was called ‘the gate of European trade’. Why?
• Why was Alfonso de Albuquerque considered as the real founder of
Portuguese empire in India?
• What are the causes for the discovery of a new sea route to India?
• How did Marthanda Varma check the Dutch?
• Which factors helped to find sea route to India?
• Who were the first to re-establish trade between India and Europe?
• Write the reasons for the Battle of Plassey.
• Write the results of the Battle of Plassey.
• What were the reasons for the battle of Buxar?
• What were the results of the Battle of Buxar?
• Who tried to break the monopoly of Italian traders?
• Write the reason for the Second Carnatic war.
• Name the combined army of Mir Qasim.
• Write the reasons for the first Carnatic war.
• Write a brief note on the results of the third Carnatic war.

CHAPTER - 2
THE EXTENSION OF THE BRITISH RULE

• What were the reasons for First Anglo-Maratha War.

• Subsidiary Alliance was a cunning policy of British to expand their territory
in India. How?
• Why did Wellesley resign for his post and went back to England?
• How did the Doctrine of Lapse support the expansion of British Empire in
India?
• How did British make Punjab as a dependent state of East India Company?
• Explain causes and results of the Third Anglo-Maratha War.
• Which states were annexed in the name of the Doctrine of Lapse?
• What were the results of the first Anglo Marata War?
• Which were the three policies followed by Lord Wellesly for the expansion of
the British empire in India?
• What are the results of III Anglo Marata war?
• Write the reasons and results for the second Anglo Sikh war.
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CHAPTER - 3
THE IMPACT OF THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA

• How does the India Government Act of 1935 become the base of Indian
Constitution?
• How did Charles Metcalf define Permanent Zamindari System?
• Write the provisions 1909 act.
• The Regulating Act imposed restrictions of the British trading company.
How?
• Ryotwari System had many demerits. Prove it.
• Explain the judicial system formulated through East India Company.
• What were reforms made in the department of police during British period?
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• What were the effects of British Land taxes?

• Make a list of the effects of British Education in India.
• What are the important features of 1919 Act?
• Why was Fort William college established?
• Write the reforms introduced by Governor Cornwallis?

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CHAPTER - 4
OPPOSITION TO BRITISH RULE IN KARNATAKA AND WODIYARS
OF MYSORE

• How did Rayanna fight against British?

• Krishnaraja wodiyar IV is a maker of modern mysore state. How?
• Mention the titles of Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar.
• Who were the poets patronized by Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar.
• Write the results of the fourth Anglo-Mysore War.
• What are the contributions of Dewan Rangacharlu?
• What are the contributions of Dewan Sheshadri Iyer?
• Mention the Wodiyar who patronised Vivekananda.
• What were the achievements of Chikkadevaraja Wodiyar?
• What was the state anthem of Mysore State? Who composed it?
• Who were the dewans of Jayachamaraja Wodiyar?
• Write a brief note on Rebellion of Amara Sullya.
• Explain the method of resisting the British power by Dondiya Wagh.
• Write a brief note on kittur Queen Chennamma.
• Explain the Surapura rebellion in brief.
• What were the reforms of Medes Taylor.
• Write the reasons for the second Anglo-Mysore War.
• Write the achievements of Raja Wodiyar.
• Mention the title of Basappashastry.
• What were the conditions of Srirangapatna treaty?
• Write a brief note on Rebellion of Bedas of Halagali.

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UNIT –V
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS
REFORMATION MOVEMENTS

• Why is the nineteenth century considered as the reformation and new

awakening time in the history of India?
• What are the preaching of the Brahmo Samaj?
• What are the principles of Arya Samaj?
• Explain the reforms propagated by Sathya shodhak Samaj.
• Analyse the objectives of the Aligarh Movement.
• Swamy Vivekananda was patron saint of India. How?
• Which are the reforms brought about by Annie Besant?
• Write the contributions of Justice Ranade.

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UNIT – VI
THE FIRST WAR OF INDIAN INDEPENDENCE (1857)

• Make a list of the reasons for the failure of the revolt.

• What were the effects of the Doctrine of Lapse? Analyse.
• Write the immediate causes for the First War of Independence?
• What were the features of the declaration of the British Queen in 1858?
• What are the administrative reasons for the First Indian Freedom Struggle?
• Who was Mangal Pandey? Why was he hanged?

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POLITICAL SCIENCE
CHALLENGES OF INDIA AND THEIR REMEDIES

• How is communalism harmful to nation’s progress?

• List out the measures taken to spread literacy?
• What are the measures taken to improve the status of women in India?
• Explain the measure taken to eradicate poverty.
• Mention the measures taken to control smuggling.
• “Profiteering brings loss both for producer and consumer”.How?
• What are the reasons for profiteering?
• What are the effects of Corruption?
• How can we root out corruption?
• What measures are taken to eradicate regional inequalities?
• What steps have been taken to control over population?

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UNIT - 2
INDIA’S RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER COUNTRIES

• Why there should be a good relationship with neighbours?

• Why relationship between India and China has been strained in these days?
• What are the reasons for tension between India and Pakistan?
• Explain how the relationship between India and USA.
• Explain India’s relationship with Russia.

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SOCIOLOGY
UNIT – I
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION

• ‘Truly, the whole mankind is one’. What is the meaning of it?

• Untouchability- a social evil. How?
• What is social stratification?
• How has social stratification been created?
• What is prejudice?
• What is effect of Prejudice?
• Write the legal measures taken to eradicate untouchability.

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CHAPTER – 9
WORK AND ECONOMIC LIFE

• What measures are taken to reduce unemployment?

• All activities undertaken for self-satisfaction cannot be called work. Why?
• What are the reasons for unemployment?
• Differentiate labour of Organized and Unorganized Sectors.
• What is specialization?
• What is division of labour?
• Write the meaning of paid work? Give examples.
• What is labour discrimination?
• What measure are taken to end discrimination in labour?
• Define unemployment.
• Write the effects of unemployment.
• Write the Problems of Unorganized workers

GEOGRAPHY
CHAPTER – 10
INDIA - GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND PHYSICAL FEATURES

• ‘The Northern plains are called deposited plains’. Why?

• What are the advantages of Himalayas ?
• Mention the lagoons of the eastern coastal plains.
• What are the importance the coastal plains?
• Differentiate Western and Eastern Ghat.
• Write the importance of Peninsular Plateau.
• Define Trans- Himalaya.

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CHAPTER–11
INDIA–SEASONS

• ‘Indian agriculture gambling with the monsoon winds.’ How?

• Which factors influence the climate of India?
• Mention the different rainfall zones of India with examples.
• Mention the four seasons of India.
• Why do we have low temperature in winter?
• Which places of India very low temperature?
• Why do we have high temperature in Summer Season?
• What are the reasons for the rainfall in few parts in summer?
• Write the features of the Retreating Monsoon Season.

INDIA – SOILS

• Mountain soil is the best soil to grow crops. Why?

• How do you conserve soil?
• What are the effects of soil erosion?
• What is the importance of soil?
• Which factors decide the type of Soil formation?
• Which are the different types of Soils found in India?
• Write a brief note on Black soil.
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• How is laterite Soil formed?

• What are the features of desert soil?
• What are the causes of soil erosion?
• What is soil management?

UNIT – 5
INDIAN FOREST RESOURCES

• Write the reasons for deforestation.

• How can you conserve forest resource?
• Explain the distribution of deciduous forests in India.
• Which are the different types of forest?
• Where do we find the Tropical Evergreen Forests in India?
• Mention any four national parks of India.
• What is biosphere reserve?
• What is main objective of Biosphere reserves?
• How many biosphere reserves are there in India? Mention any four.
• Mention any four national parks of India.

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CHAPTER – 14
INDIA - WATER RESOURCES

• Why does India need of Irrigation?

• What is the function of national power grid?
• Write a note on Well Irrigation practiced in India.
• Mention the two types of well Irrigation.
• Mention the types of Canal Irrigation. Explain.
• Mention the Multipurpose River Valley Projects of India.
• What are the benefits of rain water harvesting?
• What is re charging?
• Mention the major hydroelectric power stations of India.

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ECONOMICS
CHAPTER - 15
ECONOMY AND GOVERNMENT

• What are the objectives of five-year plans?

• List out the achievements of five-year plans.
• What are the factors that led to the Green Revolution?
• What are the remedies for the problems faced by agricultural sector?
• What are the objectives of NITI Aayog?
• What are the problems of nations in developing economy?
• What is economic fluctuation?
• When can we achieve economic stability?
• What is social justice?
• What the meaning of ‘economic planning’?
• Who is the ‘Father of Indian Economic Planning’?
• Which organization approves five-year plans?
• Mention the primary objectives of Five years plans.
• What is the contribution of Dr Norman Borlaug to the growth of agricultural
sector?

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• How was production of wheat increased?

• What is ‘Pre-harvest Technology’?
• Why is Dr.M.S.Swaminathan called ‘the father of Green Revolution’?
• Why did the government give subsidy to the poor and marginalised farmers ?
• What is ‘Post-Harvest Technology’?
• What steps have been taken to solve the problems of agriculture?
• What is the full form of NITI?
• What is ‘Green Revolution’?
• Who is the Present Chairman of NITI Aayog?
• How has the role of governments increased in welfare states?
• What is the strategy of the economic planning?
• Who conceived Modern planning for the first time in India?
• Mention the book published by Bharat Ratna Sir M.Visveswariah.
• When was the national planning commission formed?
• Who is the chairman of national planning commission?
• What is the main objective of the National planning commission?
• When was National Development Council established?
• Who are the members of the National Development Council? What is its
function?
• When was NITI ayog started?
• What is the approach of NITI ayog? What does its objective include?
• Who takes care of day to day administration of NITI Ayog?
• Write objectives of NITI ayog.
• Which are the attached offices of NITI ayog?
• Which are the four Min heads of NITI ayog?

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ECONOMICS
CHAPTER – 30
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
• What is Grama Swarajya?
• What is ‘Decentralization of Power’?
• What is the advantage of decentralization?
• Mention any two housing programs.
• Which work of women is not considered labour?
• What major step has been taken to rejuvenate the Panchayat Raj system?
• What are the key features of the Panchayat Raj system adopted in India?
• What are the achievements of Panchayat Raj institutions?
• Write the role of women self help group in rural development
• How is the economic situation in the rural areas of India?
• Explain briefly the significance of rural development.
• Explain Gandhiji’s concept of ‘grama swarajya’ in the light of
decentralization.
• What is the role of panchayat raj institutions in rural development?

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BUSINESS STUDIES
UNIT – 1
BANKING TRANSACTIONS

• What are the advantages of Bank Accounts?

• What is a Bank?
• What are the characteristics of banks?
• Write the functions of Banks.
• Which are the two types of relationship between bankers and customers?
• Mention the Services Offered by Banks.
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• Write a note on the services of Post Offices.

• Write the Types of Banks.
• Mention the types of bank accounts.
• What are the procedures to open a Bank Account?

UNIT - 2
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
• Who is an entrepreneur?
• Explain the importance of an entrepreneur.
• What is the part played by the District Industrial centres in the development
of Enterprises?
• Which are the functions of Entrepreneur?
• “Entrepreneurship is a creative activity”. How?
• What are the characteristics of an Entrepreneur?
• What is the role of an entrepreneur?
• Which are the various self-employment opportunities for Entrepreneur?
• Write some of the important financial institutions that aid self-employment.
• Which are the Promotional Organisations of self employment programme.

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HISTORY
UNIT – VII
FREEDOM MOVEMENT
• Write the method of functioning of Moderates.
• What was the method of functioning of radicals?
• What was the method of movement of revolutionaries?
• Write a note on the contributions Gaudin Liu to the freedom movement.
• Name the revolutionaries in freedom movement.
• Explain the role of Balagangadhar Tilak in the freedom struggle.
• What were the reasons for the failure of the Quit India movement?
• Give an account of the achievements of Subhash Chandra Bose in the
independence struggle.
• Describe the tribal revolts in the Indian freedom struggle.
• Name various associations which had nationalistic outlook during the
second half of the 19th century.
• Why was Domestic papers control Act introduced?
• Name the first president of the Indian national congress.
• Name the members of moderates group.
• Write a note on Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
• What are the main programmes of Non-Cooperation movement?
• What are the major developments that took place during Non-cooperation
movement?
• Write a note on Quit India movement.
• Write a brief note on farmers and workers protest.
• Write a note on workers revolt.
• Dr. B.R.Ambedkar was a social reformers and voice of oppressed in India.
Justify.
• Write the contributions of Pandith Jawaharlal Nehru.
• What were the contributions of Muhammad Ali Jinnah?

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UNIT – IX
POST INDEPENDENT INDIA

• What were the problems faced by India after Independence?

• How was Pondicherry liberated from the French?
• How was Goa liberated from the Portuguese?
• When was the constitution adopted?
• What is privy purse?
• When was the privy purse withdrawn?
• Name the Iron man of India.
• Write a note on the merge of Junagadh with the Indian union.
• Write a note on the merge of Hyderabad with the Indian union.
• Write a note on the merge of Jammu and Kashmir with the Indian union.
• When was ‘reorganization of state commission’ formed? Who were it’s
members?
• What was the result of States’ reorganization act?
• When was Mysore state merged with Indian union?
• When did Vishal Mysore state come in to existence? When was it named as
Karnataka?
• How many states and union territories are there in India today?

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CHAPTER - 20
WORLD WARS AND INDIA’S ROLE
• Where is Tin murti chowk?
• How did Britain utilise the resources of India during the Second World War?
• Which nations formed Triple Alliance pact?
• Who signed the Triple Entente pact?
• Write the results of the first world war.
• What are the features of Fascism?
• Write a note on Mussolini.
• Who appealed for the support of India in the world war?
• How did India help England in the World war?
• How did Maharaja Krishna Raja Wodeyar IV help British in the first world war?
• How is the effort of Mysore, Jodhpur and Hyderabad Lancers honoured?
• How is India and Israel friendship recognised?
• What is the contribution of India army in the second world war?
• Mention the nations which became independent from the hold of British after
the Second World War?
• Who accompanied Indian troops in the World war I?
• What was the immediate cause for World War I.
• ‘Nazi ideology destroyed Germany’. Justify this statement.
• What were the causes for the World War II?
• What were the results of the second World war?
• Name the Commandants of Mysore Lancers.
• What is the achievement of Mysore Lancers in the first World war?
• Who led Jodhpur Lancers?

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UNIT - 4
POLITICAL SCIENCE
Chapter - 21
WORLD CHALLENGES AND INDIA’S ROLE

• What are the reforms to have economics equality in India?

• What are the effects of terrorism?
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• What are the measures taken to curb terrorism in India?

• How is social equality achieved through Human rights?
• What were the main problems faced after second world war?
• Explain Indian role in favour of Human Rights.
• Arms race will lead to world destruction explain the effects of arms
competition in this background.
• Mention the historical movements of the world to attain Human Rights.
• What was statement of Hoover on arms race?
• Mention bilateral agreements to stop the arms race between USA and Russia.
• What are the causes of terrorism?
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UNIT - 5
WORLD ORGANIZATIONS
• Who are responsible for the formation of UNO.
• Which are the main organs of UNO?
• Who are the permanent members of Security Council?
• Who proposed the word United Nation?
• What is the present strength of UNO.
• What are the functions of General Assembly?
• What are the functions of UNO Security Council?
• Why is significance of trusteeship Council reduced nowadays?
• How is International Court of Justice organised?
• What are the objectives of WHO?
• List out the objectives of UNO.
• Explain the formation of General Assembly.
• What are the activities of Economics and social Council?
• Explain the role of UNO in maintaining world peace.
• What are the functions of UNESCO.
• Explain the role of IMF in solving the economic problems of the World.
• List out the objectives of Common wealth of Nations.
• Explain the European Union.
• Write the Social Achievements of UNO.
• Write a brief note on South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
(SAARC).
• What are the limitations of SAARC?
• Where is the head quarters of SAARC?
• Write a note on the Association of South East Asian Nations.
• Explain the organization of African Unity.
• What does OAU include?

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UNIT – III
SOCIOLOGY
Chapter – 23
COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND PROTESTS

• What is self-help group?

• What does collective behaviour include?
• What is a ‘mob’? Give examples.
• Describe the nature of a mob.
• Explain the importance of women’s self-help groups.
• What are the advantages of social movement?
• What is Mob?
• Define Mob Violence.
• Write the examples of riots.
• What are the features of riots?
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• Why was Chipko movement organized?

• Why was Narmada Bachavo Andolan organized?
• Why did people of Uttara Kannada fight against Kaiga nuclear project?
• Why did environmentalists of Kerala oppose Silent valley project.

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UNIT – IV
SOCIAL CHALLENGES

• Mention the causes for the problem of child labour.

• What are the consequences of child labour?
• Explain the measures for eradicating the problem of child labour.
• What are the evil effects of dowry system?
• What are the solutions for the problem of dowry?
• Who is a child labour?
• What is the meaning of female feticide?
• What is female infanticide?
• What is Child Marriage?
• What are the effects of Child Marriage ?
• How can we prevent child marriage?
• What is the holistic approach to eradicate child labour?
• What steps are taken to prevent female feticide?

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UNIT–7
GEOGRAPHY
CHAPTER – 25
INDIA - LAND USE AND AGRICULTURE

• Give the definition of ‘Land-use’.

• Which factors influence land use.
• What are the types of Agriculture practiced in India?
• Mention crop seasons of India. Explain them.
• Write the classification of land use we find in India.
• Agriculture is the major occupation of India. Write its importance.
• Write a note on subsistence farming.
• Differentiate commercial farming and mixed farming?
• What is plantation farming?
• What is cropping pattern?
• Which factors influence cropping pattern?
• Write the geographical conditions required to grow paddy and wheat.
• What are the geographical conditions required to grow Sugarcane and
Tobacco.
• Mention the geographical conditions required to grow Cotton and Tea.

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CHAPTER – 26
IMPORTANT MINERALS

• Where was Petroleum discovered for the first?

• Why should we develop Hydro-electricity?
• What is mineral? Give examples.
• Write the importance of power resource?
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• Mention the types of power resource. Give examples.

• What is the importance of coal?
• What are the uses of Petroleum?
• What is the need for Non-conventional power resources?
• Write the remedies to overcome energy crisis.

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CHAPTER – 27
INDIA - TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

• How does remote sensing technology (RST) help us?

• Write the advantages of Geographical Information System (GIS):
• How does Global Positioning System support us? (GPS):
• What is the importance of transport?
• Write the importance of Road Transport?
• Which are the types of roads on the base of maintenance roads?
• Mention Ports on the western coast.
• Write the importance of air transport.
• What is communication?
• What are the importance of communication?

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CHAPTER – 28
INDIA - MAJOR INDUSTRIES
• Make a list of industrial zones.
• Mention any six Iron and steel industries of India.
• What are the factors influencing the location of industry?
• What are the raw materials required in paper industry?
• What are the effects of biotechnology on agriculture?
• What are the changes resulting from the use of advanced technology?
• Write the importance of industries.
• Write a note on the Knowledge-based Industries of India.
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UNIT – 11
INDIA - NATURAL DISASTERS
• What are natural disasters?
• What are the causes of floods? Mention flood-prone areas of India.
• What is Coastal Erosion?
• Write about the effects of earthquake and precautions to be taken.
• How does cyclone occur?
• Write the preventive measures for cyclones?
• Write the causes for flood. Mention the effects of flood.
• Which are the flood control measures?
• Which are the causes for landslide? Explain them.
• What are effects of landslides?
• Where do we find landslide in India?
• Write the preventive measures for landslide.
• Why does coastal erosion occur?
• Write the causes for coastal erosion.
• What are the effects of Cyclones?
• Write the preventive measures of Cyclone.
• What are the causes for earthquake?

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ECONOMICS
UNIT – 3
PUBLIC FINANCE AND BUDGET

• What is Public Finance?

• What is Budget?
• Give the meaning of Deficit Budget.
• What are Direct Taxes?
• Express fiscal deficit in the form of a formula.
• Explain the differences between personal finance and public finance.
• Explain briefly the significance of public finance.
• Explain the aspects of non-tax revenue of the Central government.
• What is fiscal deficit? Mention the four kinds of fiscal deficit.
• What are the importance of Public Finance?
• What is budget?
• Mention the types of budget. Explain them.
• Define public expenditure.
• What are the goals of public expenditure?
• What is public revenue?
• What is revenue receipt?
• Which are the two types of revenue receipts?
• What is tax revenue?
• What is progressive taxation?
• What is direct tax? Give an example.
• What is indirect tax?
• What is non-tax revenue?
• Which are the main types of non tax revenue?
• What is capital revenue?
• What is disinvestment?
• Define internal debt?
• What is external debt?
• How deficit financing is good for developing nations?
• What is fiscal deficit? Write its formula.
• Which are the different sources non tax revenue?

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CHAPTER–33
CONSUMER EDUCATION AND PROTECTION

• Who is called a consumer?

• What is the main aim of Consumer Movement?
• When did Consumer Protection Act come into force in India?
• What are the problems faced by consumers?
• What are the causes for consumer exploitation?
• Mention the four important aims of the Consumer Protection Council.
• What are the major functions of the Consumer Protection Council?
• Mention three stages of Consumer Courts.
• What are the methods to follow to file a complaint in consumer court?
• What is teleshopping?
• What is consumer protection?
• Mention any three acts in the process consumer protection.
• Why is March 15th an important day in World Consumers’ Movement?
• What are the major Objectives of the consumer protection act?

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Map Places
Kandla Western Ghat
Mumbai Nilgiries
Goa Eastern Ghat
New Mangaluru Anaimudi
Cochin Tarapura
Pondicherry Kalpakkam
Kanya Kumari Kaiga
Chennai Narora
Ennore Digboi
Vishakapatnam Indira point
Pardeep Indira Gandhi International airport
Haldia Chatrapathi Shivaji International
Kolkata airport
23.50 E latitude Kempe Gowda International airport
82.50 N Longitude Anna International airport
Vindya Mountains Subah Chandra International airport
Satpuras

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One Liners to score in MCQs and

One mark questions:
Constantinople was considered as the ‘Gateway of European Trade’.
In 1453, the Ottoman Turks captured the city of Constantinople.
Vasco da Gama reached Kappadu near Calicut on the West coast of India in 1498.
The Portuguese were the first to re-establish trade between India and Europe.
Francisco de Almeida implemented ‘Blue Water Policy’
Alfanso de Albuquerque waged a battle against the Sultan of Bijapur in 1510 and
won Goa.
Goa became the administrative centre of Portuguese.
Marthanda varma shifted his capital from Padmanabhapura to Thiruvananthapura
Queen Elizabeth issued a royal charter authorizing the East India Company to trade
with Eastern countries for fifteen years.
Sir Thomas Roe arrived at the court of Jahangir as the royal ambassador from the
court of James I.
The first Carnatic war ended with ‘Treaty of Aix-la Chapelle’.
The second Carnatic war ended with ‘Pondicherry’ treaty
The third Carnatic war ended with ‘Treaty of Paris.’
The Dastaks (licence) issued by the Mughal ruler Faruk Siar.
Shah Alam-II accorded the Diwani rights over Bengal to the British.

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1600 – The East India Company was established in England.

1602 – Dutch East India Company was established.
1617 – Jahangir issued a royal charter allowing the British to conduct trade in
Surat.
1639 – The English established their first warehouse in Surat .
1664 – The French East India Company was established.
The first Anglo Marata war ended with the treaty of ‘Salbai Agreement.
Lord Wellesley brought subsidiary alliance policy into effect in 1798
The Peshwa entered the Subsidiary Alliance system by accepting the Treaty of
Bassein.
The Sikh opposition was led by ‘Chattar Singh Attariwala’ in Lahore and ‘Moolraj’ in
Multan.
Satara, Nagpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Jhansi, Jaitpur came under the doctrine of
policy.
The aim of regulating act was to enforce control over east India company.
In 1800, Lord Cornwallis opened Fort William College in Calcutta to provide
education for the benefit of people aspiring to join Civil Services.
Cornwallis argued “All the natives of Hindustan are completely corrupt”.
Lord Cornwallis implemented the efficient Police System in India for the first time.
Lord Cornwallis created the new post of Superintendent of Police.
On the recommendations of Peel commission, the Military System was redesigned.
Lord Cornwallis implemented Permanent Zamindar System in order to generate
steady revenue annually.
‘Mahal’ means taluk.
R.M. Bird and James Thompson implemented Mahalwari system.
The Ryotwari System was first implemented in Baramahal region by Alexander
Reed in 1792.
This system was later implemented in Madras and Mysore region by Thomas
Munroe in 1801.
Warren Hastings facilitated the expansion of the modern education in India.
In 1781, Warren Hastings started ‘Calcutta Madrasa’.
Jonathan Duncan, a British citizen started Sanskrit College in Banaras in 1792.
Charles Grant pressed for the extension of British education in India.
Bentinck appointed Macaulay as the member of Governor General’s Executive
Committee.
Raja Wodiyar offered “Rajamudi” the crown to lord Cheluvanarayana Swamy.
Raja wodiyar started the Navaratri festival in Mysore.
The first Anglo Mysore war ended with the treaty of Madras.
The second Anglo Mysore war ended with the treaty of Mangaluru.
The third Anglo Mysore war ended with the treaty of Srirangapatna.

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Ram Mohan Roy has been called ‘The Father of Indian Renaissance.’
Ram Mohan Roy started a newspaper in Bengali called ‘Samvada Kaumudi’
Dayananda Saraswathi gave a call “Back to Vedas”
Dayananda Saraswathi propounded his teachings in a book called ‘Satyartha
Prakasha’
Jyothi ba Phule wrote a book called ‘Ghulamagiri’
In 1893, Vivekananda attended the Chicago Conference of World Religions.
Annie Besant started a newspaper called ‘New India’.
In 1916, Annie Besant started Home Rule movement.
Annie Besant was the President of the Congress Session in 1917
The 19th Century is called the period of renaissance.
Dr.D.M.Nanjundappa Committee, Malenadu Development Committee, Hyderabad-
Karnataka Development Committee have been formed to achieve regional balance.
‘Sarva Siksha Abhiyan’ has been launched in 2001 to provide free education for
children of 6-14 years.
In 1988 ‘National Literacy Mission’ has been established by Government of India to
make illiterates literates.
‘Sakshara Bharath’ programme has been launched to eradicate illiteracy.
Article 21A of our Constitution has made education as fundamental right.
Government of Karnataka has implemented ‘Stree Shakti’ programme for the
development of rural women.
The Central Education Department is now called as Human Resource Development
Ministry.
There were Indo-Pak wars in 1947-48, 1965, 1971 and again in 1999 (Kargil war).
In 1966, Tashkent Agreement was signed by India and Pakistan with the mediation
of Russia.
In 1971 India and Soviet Russia entered into 20 years Treaty of Peace, Friendship
and cooperation.
Pampa declared: ‘Truly, the whole mankind is one’.
The ‘Untouchability Crime Act’ was implemented in 1955.
The ‘Untouchability Crime Act’ was amended as ‘Citizens’ Rights Protection Act’ in
1976.
the Central Government has enacted Equal Wages Act in 1976.
Division of labour leads to specialization.
Workers without special training are called unorganised labour.
Workers who have special training and expertise are called organised labour.
Parallel mountain ranges of lesser Himalaya are Pir Panjal, Mahabharath range,
Nagtibba, Mussoorie
Kangra and Kulu are the valleys of lesser Himalaya.
Shimla, Mussorie, Nainital, Ranikhet, Chakrata and Darjeeling are the hill stations
of lesser Himalaya.
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The range of fold mountains lying to the north of the Greater Himalayas is called
‘trans Himalayas’.
Anaimudi’ peak (2665 meters) in Annamalai range is the highest peak in South
India.
The name ‘India’ is derived from the river Indus.
In the central part of India 23.50 North latitude passes.
The highest mountain peak in the world is Mt. Everest.
The North Indian plain is made up of alluvial soil.
The Western Ghats in Karnataka are also called Sahyadri.
Rajasthan’s Ganganagar of records a maximum of 52°C in summer.
Rainfall in summer in West Bengal is called ‘Kala Baisakhi’,
Uttar Pradesh- ‘Andhis’
Karnataka - coffee blossoms
Mango showers’ in Kerala.
The country’s average rainfall is 118 cms.
Ruyli of Jaisalmer district in Rajasthan is the area receiving least annual rainfall of
8.3 cms in the country.
Indian agriculture is a “gamble with the monsoons”.
The soil deposited by rivers is called alluvial soil.
Black soil area is called deccan trap.
In Rajasthan desert soil are also mainly found.
For growing cotton cotton soil is suitable.
The ‘Sundari’ trees are plenty in the Ganga basin and hence these forests are called
‘Sunderbans’.
Jim Corbett National Park in Uttaranchal is the first national park to be established
in India.
Nilgiri was the first Biosphere reserve of India
The reservoir for Bakra Nangal dam created is called ‘Govinda sagar.’
Kosi was called ‘Sorrow of Bihar’.
The river Mahanadi was known as Sorrow of Orissa an account of its frequent
floods.
Tungabhadra project reservoir is called ‘Pampa sagara’.
Nagarjunasagar Project This dam is constructed at Nandikonda village of Andhra
Pradesh across the river Krishna.
Upper Krishna provides irrigation and drinking water to Bijapur, Bagalkot, Raichur
and Gulbarga districts
Lal Bahadur Shastri reservoir is built for upper Krishna project. ‘Basavasagara’
reservoir is built near Narayanapura for the same project.
Karnataka: Shivanasamudra
Tungabhadra, Jog, Bhadra, Alamatti, Kali (Supa Dam).

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Andhra Pradesh: Nagarjunasagar, Srisailam project, Ramapadasagar Project, Sileru

project.
Tamil Nadu: Mettur project, Paikara eletric project, Periyar project, Kundha
project, Moyar project, Kodayar project etc. Madhya Pradesh: Banasagar,
Gandhisagar, Panchyojana. Maharashtra: Tata hydro-electric power project, Beera
project, Vaitarana project, Koyna project.
Orissa : Hirakud project, Kolaja project, Rangali project, Naraja project.
National Power Grid is established to supply power from surplus states to deficit
states .
Modern planning was first conceived in India by Bharat Ratna Sir M.Visveswariah.
Sir M.Visveswariah is called ‘Father of Economic Planning in India’
In 1952 the ‘National Development Council’ was established.
Dr. M.S.Swaminathan is called ‘the father of Green Revolution’
National Institution for Transforming India was started on 1st Jan 2015 to replace
planning commission.
NITI Aayog uses bottom-up approach.It is headed by the Prime Minister of the
Country.
The term bank is derived from old Italian word “Banco” or from a French word
“Banque”, both mean a “Bench” or money exchange table.
The National saving certificates are issued by post office
The type of account where any number of transactions can be made with Bank is
current account.
In Kanpur, Nana Saheb rose in protest. Tatya Tope was his assistant.
Jhansi took Gwalior under her control
In the year 1885, a retired English officer, A.O. Hume established the Indian
National Congress.
The Age of Moderates is also called the Age of Generous Nationalism.
Tilak declared “Swaraj is my birth right and I will get it at any cost”.
Lokamanya Tilak utilized his ‘Kesari’ in Marathi and ‘Maratha’ newspaper in English
for freedom struggle.
‘Anusheelana Samithi’ and ‘Abhinava Bharata’ were important organizations of
revolutionary group.
The person who talked about the ‘Drain theory’ was Dadabai Naoroji.
The Ali brothers started the Khilafat movement.
Separate nation for Muslims was proposed by Mohamud Ali Jinnah.
The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress that took place in 1929 was
presided by Jawaharlal Nehru
The person who started ‘Mahad’ and ‘Kalaram’ temple movements was Ambedkar
The Jhansi regiment of Indian National Army was leaded by Lakshmi Sehgal.
The place where Gandhiji carried out the Salt Satyagraha was Dandi.
Quit India movement was carried out in the year 1942.

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The Indian constitution was adopted on the 26th of January 1950. The
Chairmanship of the Constitution Drafting Committee was assumed by
Dr.B.R.Ambedkar.
the 42nd amendment was brought in, and the phrases ‘Secular’ and ‘Socialist’ were
added.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was called ‘Iron Man’ of India.’
Junagadh was merged with India in 1949.
Pondicherry was declared a Union territory in 1963.
In 1961 the Indian army took Goa under its control.
In 1953, the government formed Justice Fazal Ali Commission in which Fazal Ali
was the Chairman, K.M.Panickker and H.N.Kunjru were the members.
on November 1st, 1956, The ‘Mysore State’ was inagurated.
Mysore state was renamed as ‘Karnataka in 1973’.
At present there are 28 States and 9 Union Territories in India.
The last Governor General of the British India was Lord Mount Batten.
The first Home Minister of India was Sardar Vallabha Bai Patel.
The first President of India was Babu Rajendra Prasad.
Pondicherry joined India as a Union Territory in 1954
The linguistic organization of India took place in 1956
Hitler enacted his rules of 1934 called the Nuremberg Laws.
The Prime Minister of Italy from 1922-1943 was the founder of the ‘National
Fascist Party’.
Versailles Pact was signed in the year 1919
Fascist dictator was Musolini.
The leader of the Nazi Party in Germany was Hitler.
Japan attacked the American Naval Centre at Pearl Harbour.
As the head of Mysore Lancers Regimentdar B. Chamaraja Urs was sent to the war
field.
American war of Independence in 1776
Russian Revolution in 1917
The French Revolution of 1789
U.N.O. as the World organization came into existence on 24th October 1945.
At present there are 193 member nations in The UNO.
Antonio Guterres from Portugal is the present secretary general of secretariat.
FAO’s Head Quarter is in Rome.
1965 UNICEF won the Nobel Prize.
The money collected by selling the greeting cards by UNICEF organization is
utilized for the welfare of the children.
The organ of the UNO resembling the Cabinet is security council

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Tenure of Judges of International Court of Justice is 9 years years. International

Court of Justice is at Heague in Netherlands.
SAARC has been established in the year 1985.
The Right to Education Act of 2009 guarantees compulsory free education to
children of 6 years to 14 years.
‘Child Labour Rehabilitation Welfare Fund’ should be established to protect the
human rights and financial interests of child labourers and end their exploitation.
West Bengal is the largest Paddy-producing state.
Punjab is known as the granary of wheat.
Karnataka’s Nipani town is the marketing center for tobacco.
The progress of the horticultural field is known as the ‘Golden Revolution’.
The main types of Manganese ore are Pyrolusite, Psilomelane, Magnatite, Branite
and Holyandite.
Aluminium is called the Wonder Metal of the 20th century.
Mica is also called ‘kage bangara’ in Kannada
Based on the chemical composition and colour, mica is divided into Muscovite
Biotite, Phlugovite, lepidotite etc.
India has plenty of the best variety, i.e., muscovite.
Coal being a important mineral product with multiple uses, it is called “Black
Diamond”.
Petroleum is very precious. It is used in both during peace and war. Hence it is
called ‘Liquid Gold’.
N.H 7 - Varanasi – Kanyakumari 2343 kms is the longest highway of the country.
The highway connecting Kulu-Manali and Leh is at a height of 4267 meters. It is the
highest road in the world.
Mumbai port is called the “Gate way of India”.
Chennai is the oldest port of India.
Kolkata port was called the “Tea port of India”.
Haldia port is a newly developed port on the coast of Bay of Bengal to overcome
the problems of congestion at Kolkata port.
Mumbai airport (Shivaji International airport)
Delhi airport (Indira Gandhi International Airport)
Kolkata airport (Subhash Chandra Bose Airport)
Chennai airport (Anna or Meenambakkam),
Bangalore airport (Kempegowda),
The regional and independent GPS system of India is named as, Navik.
Mumbai is called the ‘Manchester of India’ & ‘Cottonopolis’ of India.
Aluminium was discovered recently in the year 1886.
The first paper industry in India was established in Serampur of West Bengal in
1840 on the banks of the river Hoogly.

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The Indian Government in 1993, through the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution,
brought into existence a uniform system of Panchayat Raj institutions throughout
the country.
The main types of direct taxes are : Personal Income Tax, Corporate Tax, Wealth
Tax, Stamp Duty etc.
The main forms of indirect taxes are Central Excise Duty, Import-Export Taxes,
Service Tax and Foreign Travel Tax etc.
District Industrial Centres were established in the year 1978
March 15 of every year is celebrated as the World Consumers’ Day.
The Consumer protection Act was passed in1986
District forum entertains the complaints where the value of goods and services is
less than Rs. 20 lakhs.
State commission entertains complaints of claim value exceeding Rs. 20 lakhs but
not more than one crore.
National Commission shall dispose of any complaints where the claim shall exceed
Rs. one crore in value.

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