Conditionals Explanation & Exercises

Conditionals
Explanation + Exercises
Zero Conditional
IF / WHEN + Present Simple, Present Simple
If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

If/When I don't have a stomach ache, I don't go to the doctor
If/When you have a stomach ache, do you go to the doctor?

Used for things that are generally true (rules, laws...)

Zero Conditional

1. You get promoted. Your salary goes up.

→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………
2. I drink coffee late at night. I can’t sleep.
→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………
3. You don’t pay the bill. You get a warning letter.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. I try to run fast. I get out of breath.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Someone enters the building. The alarm goes off.
→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………
Zero Conditional


→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………

Zero Conditional


→ If you get promoted, your salary goes up.
Zero Conditional


→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………

Zero Conditional


→ If I frink coffee late at night, I can't sleep.

Zero Conditional


→ …………………………………………………………………………………………...

Zero Conditional


→ If you don't pay the bill, you receive a warning letter.

Zero Conditional


→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Zero Conditional


→ If I try to run fast, I get out of breath

Zero Conditional

5. Someone enters the building. The alarm warns you.

→ ................................................................................................................................

Zero Conditional

5. Someone enters the building. The alarm warns you.

→ If someone enters the building, the alarm warns you.

First Conditional
IF / WHEN + Present Simple, Future Simple
If I study, I will pass the exams

If I don't study , I won't pass the exams
If you study, will you pass the exams?
Used for likelihood, probability & logic

First Conditional

1 Rachel might fail her driving test. But she can take it again.
→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

First Conditional

1 Rachel might fail her driving test. But she can take it again.
→ If Rachel fails her driving test, she will take it again.

First Conditional

→ Mark can't get in.

2. The office may be closed

→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

First Conditional

→ Mark can't get in.

2. The office may be closed

→ If the office is closed, Mark won't be able to get in

First Conditional

3. Nick may arrive a bit early. If he does, he can help Tom to

get things ready.
→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
First Conditional

3. Nick may arrive a bit early. If he does, he can help Tom to

get things ready.
→ If Nick arrives a bit early, he will help Tom /he will be able
to help Tom.
First Conditional

4. Emma may miss the train. But she can get the next one.
→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

First Conditional

4. Emma may miss the train. But she can get the next one.
→ If Emma misses the train, she will get the next one.

First Conditional

5. Is Matthew going to enter the race? He always wins.

→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
First Conditional

5. Is Matthew going to enter the race? He always wins.

→ If Matthew enters the race, he will win.
Second Conditional
IF / WHEN + Past Simple, WOULD + Infinitive
If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I didn't win the lottery , I wouldn't travel around the world
If you won the lottery, would you travel around the world?

Used to talk about things that probably won’t happen

Second Conditional


If I could have a date with anyone in the world....

Second Conditional


If I were rich...
Second Conditional


If I were doing something very stupid and all my classmates

saw me...
Second Conditional


If I could be anyone in the world...

Second Conditional


If I could travel back in time...

Second Conditional


If I had a special power...

Second Conditional


If I could make a change to the world...

Second Conditional


If I could change something about my past...

Second Conditional


If I could change my name...

Second Conditional


If I could decide what happens in my life tomorrow...

Second Conditional


If I could live anywhere in the world...

Second Conditional


If the world were going to end tomorrow...

Second Conditional


If I had the opportunity to meet a historical character ...

Second Conditional


If you were stranded on a desert island...

Second Conditional


If you were stranded on a desert island...

Second Conditional


1. He can’t pay his debt because he doesn’t have money.

→ If …………………………………………………………………...........................................
.
Second Conditional


1. He can’t pay his debt because he doesn’t have money.

→ If he had the money, he would pay his debt.
.
Second Conditional


2. The weather is bad, so we cannot go to the park.

→ If ……………………………………………………………………..............................................
Second Conditional


2. The weather is bad, so we cannot go to the park.

→ If the weather weren't so bad, we could go to the park.
Second Conditional


3. I cannot visit her because I don’t know where she lives.

→ If ………………………………………………………………………………...............

Second Conditional


3. I cannot visit her because I don’t know where she lives.

→ If I knew where she lives, I would visit her.

Second Conditional


4. I don’t go out very often because I don’t live in a big city.

→ If …………………………………………………………………….................................................

Second Conditional


4. I don’t go out very often because I don’t live in a big city.

→ If I lived in a big city, I would go out very often.

Second Conditional


5. I can't stop working because I really need the money.

→ If ...........................................................................................................................

Second Conditional


5. I can't stop working because I really need the money.

→ If I didn't need the money, I would stop working.

Third Conditional
IF / WHEN + Past Perfect, WOULD HAVE +Past Participle
If I had studied, you would have passed the exam.

If I hadn't studied , I wouldn't have passed the exam
If you had studied, would you have passed the exam?

Used to talk about how things could have been different in the
past.
Third Conditional


1. They didn’t know that you were in the hospital, so they

didn’t visit you.
→ If they had known that you were in the hospital, they
………………………………….......

Third Conditional


1. They didn’t know that you were in the hospital, so they

didn’t visit you.
→ If they had known that you were in the hospital, they
would have visited you.

Third Conditional


2. I didn’t know it was your birthday, so I didn’t buy you a

present.
→ If I had known that it was your birthday, I
………………………………………………

Third Conditional


2. I didn’t know it was your birthday, so I didn’t buy you a

present.
→ If I had known that it was your birthday, I would have
bought you a present.

Third Conditional


3. She didn’t study medicine because she didn’t have the

opportunity: she had to work.
If she had had the opportunity,
..........................................................................................................................

Third Conditional


3. She didn’t study medicine because she didn’t have the

opportunity: she had to work.
If she had had the opportunity, she would have studied
medicine.

Third Conditional


1. The criminal left some evidence, so the police caught him.

→ If the criminal …………………………………………………………………., the police
wouldn’t have caught him.

Third Conditional


1. The criminal left some evidence, so the police caught him.

→ If the criminal hadn't left some evidence, the police
wouldn’t have caught him.

Third Conditional


2. I missed the flight, so I didn’t go to Paris in the end.

→If I ……………………………………………………………………….., I would have gone
to Paris.

Third Conditional


2. I missed the flight, so I didn’t go to Paris in the end.

→ If I hadn't missed the flight, I would have gone
to Paris.

Third Conditional


3. You didn’t call me, so I thought you were still mad at me.
→ If you ……………………………………………………………………, I wouldn’t have
thought that you were still mad at me.

Third Conditional


3. You didn’t call me, so I thought you were still mad at me.
→ If you had called me, I wouldn’t have
thought that you were still mad at me.

Third Conditional


4. We didn’t know that he was in Valencia, so we didn’t call

him.
→ If we ………………………………………………………………….., we would have called
him.

Third Conditional


4. We didn’t know that he was in Valencia, so we didn’t call

him.
→ If we had known that he was in Valencia, we would have
called him.

Third Conditional


1. My mum was very upset, so I didn’t go out last night.

→ If ………………………………………..………………………………………………….

Third Conditional


1. My mum was very upset, so I didn’t go out last night.

→ If my mum hadn't been so upset, I would have gone out
last night.

Third Conditional


2. I didn’t call you because you didn’t tell me that you

needed help.
→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Third Conditional


2. I didn’t help you because you didn’t tell me that you

needed help.
→ If you had told me that you needed help, I would have
helped you.

Third Conditional


3. They didn’t stay at the party because they didn’t like the
music.
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………….

Third Conditional


3. They didn’t stay at the party because they didn’t like the
music.
→ If they had liked the music, they would have stayed at the
party.

Third Conditional


4. He didn’t reveal his secret because he didn’t trust her.

→ ……………………………………………………………………………………………

Third Conditional


4. He didn’t reveal his secret because he didn’t trust her.

→If he had trusted her, he would have revealed his secret.

Conditionals Explanation & Exercises

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Conditionals

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

Used for things that are generally true (rules, laws...)

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

1. You get promoted. Your salary goes up.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

1. You get promoted. Your salary goes up.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

1. You get promoted. Your salary goes up.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

2. I drink coffee late at night. I can’t sleep.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

2. I drink coffee late at night. I can’t sleep.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

3. You don’t pay the bill. You get a warning letter.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

3. You don’t pay the bill. You get a warning letter.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

4. I try to run fast. I get out of breath.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

4. I try to run fast. I get out of breath.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

5. Someone enters the building. The alarm warns you.

If/ When I have a stomach ache, I go to the doctor

5. Someone enters the building. The alarm warns you.

If I study, I will pass the exams

Used for likelihood, probability & logic

If I study, I will pass the exams

If I study, I will pass the exams

If I study, I will pass the exams

→ Mark can't get in.

2. The office may be closed

If I study, I will pass the exams

→ Mark can't get in.

2. The office may be closed

If I study, I will pass the exams

3. Nick may arrive a bit early. If he does, he can help Tom to

If I study, I will pass the exams

3. Nick may arrive a bit early. If he does, he can help Tom to

If I study, I will pass the exams

If I study, I will pass the exams

If I study, I will pass the exams

5. Is Matthew going to enter the race? He always wins.

If I study, I will pass the exams

5. Is Matthew going to enter the race? He always wins.

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

Used to talk about things that probably won’t happen

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I could have a date with anyone in the world....

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I were doing something very stupid and all my classmates

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I could be anyone in the world...

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I could travel back in time...

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I had a special power...

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I could make a change to the world...

If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world

If I could change something about my past...