Group: 2

EXERCISE 1

ELECTRIC MOTOR: PARTS, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

INTRODUCTION

A major source of power in agricultural operations in the Philippines is provided for by single
cylinder Internal Combustion Engines (ICE). These engines are used to power hand tractors, power
tillers, and pumps. They are even sometimes used in generators to provide electricity. An ICE can be
defined as a heat engine that burns fuel and air inside a combustion chamber located within the engine
proper. ICEs are also classified depending on various parameters.
It is the purpose of this exercise that the students be familiarized on the terminologies, parts and
their functions, and operation of single cylinder engines. Moreover, they should also be able to classify
single cylinder ICEs as defined by different parameters.

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this research is to educate students how to recognize, categorize, become familiar with,
and observe the actual internal and external parts of an AC motor by assembling and deconstructing the
motor.
 The students must to:
 To identify the difference between the AC and DC motor parts different between the AC and DC
motor parts.
 To identify the engine simply by looking.
 To familiarize students with the locations of the various engine components.
 To categorize the motor's internal and external components.
MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Samples of AC motor tachometer

Calipers
Android camera
Copy of PAES 129:2002
Copy of PAES 130:2002
Open and closed wrenches
Screw drivers (Philips & flat head)
1 set of socket wrenches
Set of pliers
Measuring tape
Weighing scale
METHOD
1. Divide the class in such a way that for each group there will be one electric motor. Examine the
electric motor assigned to your group. Obtain all pertinent information and record it in Table 1.
Use PAES 129:2002 and 130:2002 as guide. (Note: Manufacturer’s specifications are information
written on the nameplate, advertisements, and other readily available information regarding the
said motor.)
2. Practice pre-operation maintenance of the motor. This should be covered during the pre-
laboratory discussion.
3. Further examine the motor assigned to your group. Determine if there are irregularities or visible
problems. Locate the main component parts. Complete Table 2. Add as many rows as needed.
4. Enumerate and locate the external parts of the assigned electric motor. Take a photograph and
label said parts. Complete Table 3. Add as many rows as needed.
5. Disconnect the motor from the power source. Disassemble the motor.
6. Take a photograph of the internal parts and label them. Complete Table 4. Add as many rows as
needed.
7. Assemble the electric motor.
8. After the group had finished with their motor, return the motor to its proper place.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Data Sheets

Table1. Electric Motor General Information

Brand: LUNG TANG MOTOR Model:

Serial No.: 00639 Classification:

ITEMS Manufacturer's Verification

Specifications

a. Dimensions and weight of

electric motors

∙ Overall length, mm

∙ Overall width, mm 1 ft

∙ Overall height, mm 8.5 inches

∙ Output shaft diameter, mm 22 mm

∙ Weight, kg

b. Electric motor type

∙ Based on current source AC

∙ Based on construction Squirrel

 ∙ Based on starting Capacitor-start
Induction

∙ Based on size Integral-horsepower

∙ Based on duty rating Continuous

∙ Based on temperature rating N/A

∙ Based on service factor 1.25

∙ Based on enclosure Guarded (TECF)

c. Rated power, kW 0.75 KW

d. Power factor 1 hp

e. Rated voltage, V 220 V

f. Rated current, A 8 (class E)

g. Rated shaft speed, rpm 1720

h. Frequency, Hz 60

i. Motor efficiency, % 84%

j. Temperature rating, °C 600 Not verified

Table 2. Electric motor main component parts and functions

Part Function

1. Stator The stator is the stationary part of the motor that

delivers a rotating magnetic field to interact with the
rotor.

2. Stator Core The stator core is made of thin metal sheets known as
laminations. Laminations are used to reduce energy
loss.

3. Stator Windings Stator windings are stacked together, forming a hollow

cylinder. The slots of the stator core coils of insulated
wires are insulated.

4. Rotor A rotor is a central component of a motor that is fixed to

the shaft. The most common type of rotor used in an
AC motor is the squirrel cage rotor. A squirrel-cage
rotor is cylindrical and is made by stacking thin steel
 laminations.

5. Motor Shaft The rotor is pressed onto a steel shaft to form a rotor
assembly. The shaft extends outside the motor casing
allowing connection to an external system to transmit
the rotational power.

6. Bearings Bearings hold the motor shaft in place. The bearings

minimize the shaft’s friction connected to the casing,
which increases the motor’s efficiency.

7. Enclosure The enclosure protects the internal parts of the motor

from water and other environmental elements. The
enclosure consists of a frame and two end brackets.

Table 3. Electric motor - External parts and their functions

Part Function

1. Fan Cover Fan Covers cover the cooling fan of the electric motors.
These fans are beneficial for noise reduction as well as
cooling and safety functions. Fans direct a flow of air
toward the motor to help keep it cool while operating.

2. Conduit box A conduit box useful for mounting on an industrial size

AC induction motor in a hazardous environment. The
conduit box includes a cover and housing, a gasket
seal between the cover and housing, and an internal
partition wall.

3. Frame This is an external part of the motor. The main function

of this frame is to provide support for the core as well
as inside parts of the machine. For small motors, the
external part is cast however for the huge machine.

4. Seal In addition to the main function of transferring the motor

torque to the pump shaft, the seal section performs four
primary functions (Equalization, Expansion, Isolation, &
“Absorbsion”): Equalizes the pressure in the wellbore
with the pressure inside the motor,

5. End plate The motor end-plate is the connection between the

motor nerve and the skeletal muscle cell. Its function is
 to transmit the electrical signal (action potential) from
the nerve cell to the muscle cell. This is the stimulus
that will make the skeletal cell contract.

6. Plug AC power plugs and sockets allow electric equipment to

be connected to the primary alternating current (AC)
power supply in buildings and at other sites. Electrical
plugs and sockets differ from one another in voltage
and current rating, shape, size, and connector type.
Different systems of plugs and sockets have been
standardized, and different standards are used in
different parts of the world.

7. Motor Shaft The rotor is pressed onto a steel shaft to form a rotor
assembly. The shaft extends outside the motor casing
allowing connection to an external system to transmit
the rotational power.

8. Motor pulley Motor Pulley System is made of cables that run

between two or more shafts and are connected by a
cable. Its cable is under real tension and has guides
that help it remain straight. During assembly, you
should make sure the cables are properly wrapped. If
the cable is damaged, you can straighten the cables by
wrapping them from opposite ends of the pulley.

Table 4. Electric motor - Internal parts and their functions

Part Function

1. Stator The stator is the stationary part of the motor that

delivers a rotating magnetic field to interact with the
rotor.

2. Stator Windings Stator windings are stacked together, forming a hollow

cylinder. The slots of the stator core coils of insulated
wires are insulated.

3. Rotor A rotor is a central component of a motor that is fixed to

the shaft. The most common type of rotor used in an
AC motor is the squirrel cage rotor. A squirrel-cage
rotor is cylindrical and is made by stacking thin steel
laminations.
4. Bearings Bearings hold the motor shaft in place. The bearings
minimize the shaft’s friction connected to the casing,
which increases the motor’s efficiency.

5. End plate The motor end-plate is the connection between the

motor nerve and the skeletal muscle cell. Its function is
to transmit the electrical signal (action potential) from
the nerve cell to the muscle cell. This is the stimulus
that will make the skeletal cell contract.

6. Encloser The enclosure protects the internal parts of the motor

from water and other environmental elements. The
enclosure consists of a frame and two end brackets.

7. Field windings The stator field winding generates a strong magnetic

field to drive the rotating rotor, producing the working
motion. Alternator or generator: In these devices, the
stator converts the rotating magnetic field of the rotor to
an electric current.

8. Rotor A rotor is a central component of a motor that is fixed to

the shaft. The most common type of rotor used in an
AC motor is the squirrel cage rotor.

9. Shaft The shaft in a motor is a cylindrical component that

extrudes out from the motor and its housing. The
purpose of the shaft is to convert energy from the motor
into the end use application.

External Parts
Internal Parts
GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR THE REPORT
1. Were the manufacturer’s specification verified?
2. What type/s (based on the different classification) of motor/s did you evaluate?
3. What application/s is/are the sample motor applicable to?
4. Are there safety provisions in the motor? Why do you say so? 5. What is the percent
difference of the starting current and the running current?

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

REFERENCES
https://studentlesson.com/cooling-fan-definition-functions-components-working/
https://byjus.com/physics/ac-motor/#stator
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