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Waves and Sound-05-Assingment-2
Waves and Sound-05-Assingment-2
1. Determinant of equation a2 b c must be equal to zero for single root thus b 2 4ac
Ans. (c)
2. Ans (d)
3. sin cos( / 2)
hence / 2
Ans. (a)
4. K
9
2
18 m .
9
Ans. (b)
VH 2 H2 M O2 M O2 32 4
5. .
VO2 O2 M H2 M H2 2 1
Ans. (b)
6. Speed of sound depends on atmospheric conditions.
Ans. (a)
7. I0 I1 0.80 I 0
I 0 0.80 I 0 0.80 0.20 I 0 = 36% I 0 .
Ans. (b)
8. I A2 f 2
2
1
(2) 2
4
1
I.
4
Ans. (d)
1
9. Intensity varies as so answer will be (d) only
r2
Ans. (d)
2x 2y
10. 2 & 3
330 330
3
x y 1 330
2
x y 825 m.
Ans. (c)
2VS 5
11. 100 VS
2L 4L
VS 5 4
100
L 4 4
1
VS 100
4L
1
VS 200 Hz .
2L
Ans. (d)
1 3
12. VS VS
4 2 2
1 1
.
2 6
Ans. (b)
VS
13. f1 f0
VS 34
VS
f2 f0
VS 17
f1 323
f 2 306
Ans. (d)
14. V T
V2 1.5V1 .
Ans. (a)
15. 0.2 & f 250 Hz
2
v 100 cm/s.
Ans. (a)
Ans. (b)
2. B leads since it is +ive valued when A is zero.
C lags since it is –ive valued when A is zero.
Ans. (a)
3. 2000
T 103 sec.
Vmax A
= 200 m/s.
Ans. (c)
4. 5 = 10 sin(0 )
/6
27.5 2
total .
30 6 3
Ans. (a)
2
p0
5. I
2v
p0 3 10 4 N/m 2
Ans. (b)
6. ( A) ( B) 0
Ans. (a)
1 1
7. vA vB 8 , v v 8
32 s 33 s
4 4
100 100
1
v 8 33
32 s
4
100
A 264 Hz
B 256 Hz .
Ans. (a)
8. Since beats is increased then
420 2 f 10
f 205 Hz .
Ans. (c)
9. Since net amplitude is zero, so energy will be purely kinetic.
Ans. (b)
10. Ans. (a)
v1 T
11. 1
v2 T2
T2
v2 v1
T1
432
260 = 240 Hz.
507
12. Path difference when the waves are in phase
2 0.01d n
0.02d .
Ans. (c)
v1 T
13. 1
v2 T2
T2
v2 v1
T1
T2
2 1
T1
2 1 T2
.
2 2 T1
1
Since 11 1
2
1 1
2 11
2 1 400
hence 2 11 625 = 0.072 m.
Ans. (b)
14. And (b)
u ut
15. cos
v u
v u cos
n n d
v0
vt
v2 u 2
n n 2
v
1
u2
1 2 n n
v
u2 v2
1 2 n n , n n 2 2
v u v
u2
n n 1 2 2
.
v u
SUBJECTIVE SOLUTION (LEVEL-I)
T
1. VS
T
343 343
2.10
12
T 2.06 10 4 N .
2. (a) A 5 mm.
2 2
(b) m.
K 80 40
2 2 3
(c) T sec., f Hz.
3 2
P
3. v VS
2L
P 2.
P
5. V VS
4L
P L
425 340
20
4
100
P 1.
If both ends are open
P 0.5
No.
P1
6. V VS
41
P2
V VS
4 2
P2 2
P1 1
P2 3P1
1
hence v VS
4 1
25.5
VS 340 4
100
VS 346.8 m/s.
7. fA ~ fB 5 … (i)
At tension increased the frequency of f B , beats will decreases as given. ____ equation (i) must be in the
form of
f A fB 5
f B 427 5
f B 422 Hz.
36 km/h = 10 m/s 54 km/h = 15 m/s
V
8. f1 f0 S
Vs 10 S1 650 Hz S2
V
f2 f0 S
VS 15
f1 f 2 47.2 Hz.
VS
9. (a) f f0 412.1212 Hz
VS 10
VS
(b) similarly f f 0
VS 10
= 388.3 Hz.
2 2
10. (i) Travelling, T and
36 0.018
36 2
v
2 0.018
v 20 m/s
(ii) A 3.0 cm
(iii) f 5.7 Hz
(iv) 3.47 m.
11. Y 2.0 cos(210t 20.0080 x 0.35 2)
125 cm
2
Now phase difference path difference
2
(i) 400 rad.
2
400 6.4 rad.
125
Similarly (ii) 0.8 rad.
(iii) rad
3
(iv) rad.
2
12. 1 500 rad, 2 5000 rad
A 4 10 5 cm
(i) V1 4 10 5 500 2 102 cm/s
V2 20 10 2 cm/s
2 1000 cm/s2.
14. Let N be the frequency of the source and vP that of the p th harmonic of a closed pipe. The source will
resonantly excite that harmonic mode of the pipe for which
N vP
for any value of p = 1, 2, 3, …… Now for a closed pipe, we know that
p
vP
4L
Therefore, for resonance,
p 4 NL 4 425 0.2
N or p 1.
4L 340
15. Since the source of sound is stationary, the wavelength remains unchanged by the motion of the observer.
Therefore,
340
0.68 m
v 500
The frequency of sound heard by the observer is
speed of sound relative to observer
v'
wavelength
340 10
514.7 515 Hz.
0.68
f A 470 Hz.
2 T
2. v
2L
1 90 N
v
1.5 (12 103 /1.5)
v 70.7 Hz .
3. 1 2 3 110 cm 110
T
1 T l1 l2 l3
V1
2 1
1 T
V 2
2 2
1 T
V 3 .
2 3
V1 2 1
V 2 1 2
V1 3 1
and
V3 1 3
1 2 3 110 cm
1 1
1 110 cm
2 3
1 60, 2 30, 3 20 cm’s.
80 60
T
4. As calculated by VS , the velocity of sound is equal thus the
A 20
only possible figure so that the standing waves will be developed in
the ‘system’ is
40
VSound
Thus min frequency = 180 Hz.
Alternative : n1 / 2 80
n2 / 2 60
n1 4
n2 3
4
n1 n2
3
Since n1 & n2 are integers thus n2 3, n1 4 .
4 / 2 80 cm
40 cm .
p q
5. v 1100 and v 300
4(0.5) 4(0.5)
11
q p since for minimum p is 3 ( p, q is integer number)
3
q 11, p 3
3
Hence v 1100
4(0.5)
v 1650 Hz .
340 10
f 500 Hz
340 (30 10)
f 458 Hz.
dI
0
dt
d
i.e., (1 2cos 2t )2 0
dt
either sin 2t 0 or, 1 2 cos 2 t 0
maximum at
1 3 1 2 4 5
t 0, , 1, , ; t , , , .....
2 2 3 3 3 3
Intensity is maximum (with two different values) i.e. within the second we got two maxi and two
minima so beat frequency is 2.
R
x R cos 60º
2
3
y R sin 60º R
2
VSound
fmax/ min f .
VSound VSource
1m
9. 1m
2
2 m.
v f 750 2
9 kg
V 1500 m/s.
Apparent g 1 relative
5 4g
g 1 .
9 9
T
(1500)2
9 g
(1500)2
T
VS
4
9 g
9
9 g /(1500) 2
VS 1000 m/s
VS
f 500 Hz.
10.5
10. Acceleration a g m/s 2
20.5
p
Now, v vs
4d
v 512 Hz
vs 340 m/s
1 2
d at
2
pvs
t where p 1, 3, 5,....
2va
t 1.178sec, 2.04 sec, 2.634 sec etc.
f 300 Hz
n
sin 0.314x n
x n10
x 0, 10, 20, 30 cms
10 10 10
L 30 cm .
2
(d) f 300 Hz and 0.314
vs 60 m/s
and 20 cm .
2. vwire ~ v fork 5 vwire
T=100
v fork ~ vwire 5 5
1 100 vfork
v fork 5 … (i)
2L
5
1 81 vwire
and v fork 5 … (ii) T=81
2L
1 1
10
2L
hence
1 1
10 v fork 5 (from (i))
2L
v fork 95 Hz .
3. vwire ~ v pipe 8
as tension decrease, it will decrease the frequency, vwire , so beats will be decreased thus
vwire v pipe 8
2 T 1
320 8
2 25 10 2 10 2 4 40 10 2
T 27.04 N .
1
4. v vS
2L
1
320 320
2 (48 102 0.6r ) 48 cm
0.6r
r 3.33 cm
d 6.66 cm .
1
v 320
4 (0.5)
v 165 Hz .
v=600 Hz x
330
sin
4 600
7.9º .
(b) For maximum intensity 2sin
sin
2
1.6º
(c) 2sin n
when
n 3.6
n3
so 2 maximum.
6. f1 f 2 3 Hz
340 340
f0 f0 3
340 vs 340 vs
vs 1.5 m/s
Vsource S
fb
Vsound Vsource f1
f b 3.93 beats. f2
8. 2 H 2 d 2 / 4 d 2 n h
and 2 ( H h) 2 d 2 / 4 d 2 (2 n 1) / 2
1/ 2 1/ 2
H
2 4( H h) d 2 4 H 2 d 2 .
x
9. (a) Y 6sin cos(100t )
10
2
K
10
20 cm
100
2f 100
f 50 Hz
vspeed 50 20 10 m/s
P
v vspeed
2L
P
50 10
2 1
P 10 loops.
5
(b) yx 5 / 3 6sin .
10 3
yx 5 / 3 3 cm .
1
(c) dK ( dx)v 2
2
d
where v 3sin x 100 t
dt 10
v 3( 100) cos x 10t
10
k 142.124 J
(d) y1 3sin x 100 t
10
y2 3sin x 100t .
10
10. y y1 y2
2 2
y 0.04sin x1 2t0 0.04sin x2 2t0
v v
where v 5Hz
v 0.5 m/s
t0 3 s .
y 0.235 m .
V Vm V V0
f1 f using f f
V Vb V VS
V Vm
and in case II f2 f
V Vb
observer Source
Vm Vb
(1)
observer Source
Vm Vb
(2)
Obviously f 2 f1
V Vm V Vm
Beat frequency fb f 2 f1 f f
V Vb V Vb
2Vb (V Vm )
or, fb .
V 2 Vb2
L=5/4
x=x:P=±P0sinkx
3. Tension T 80N P Q R
Amplitude of incident wave ALi 3.5cm l1=4.8m l2=2.56m
Mass = 0.06 Kg Mass = 0.2 Kg
0.06 1
Mass per unit length of wire PQ is m1 Kg/m
4.8 80
0.2 1
and mass per unit length of wire QR is m2 Kg/m
2.56 12.8
80
(a) Speed of wave in wire PQ is V1 T / m1 80 m/s
1/ 80
80
and speed of wave in wire QR is V1 T / m2 32 m/s
1/12.8
Time taken by the wave pulse to reach from P to R is –
4.8 2.56 4.8 2.56
t s
V1 V2 80 32
t 0.14s .
(b) The expressions for reflected and transmitted amplitudes ( Ar and At ) in terms of V1 V2 and Ai are
as follows :
V2 V1 2V2
Ar Ai and At Ai
V2 V1 V1 V2
Vw
2.088 109
1445 m/s
103
Frequency of sound in water will be
VW 1445
f0 Hz
W 14.45 103
f0 105 Hz .
Vw Vr f0 V s=10 m/s
f1 f0
Vw Vr Vs
Vr=2 m/s
1445 2
(105 ) Hz
1445 2 10
f1 1.0069 105 Hz .
wind speed
w=5m/s
(b) Velocity of sound in air is
RT
Va
M source
observer(at rest)
(1.4)(8.31)(20 273) V s= 10 m/s
28.8 10 3
= 344 m/s.
Frequency does not depend on the medium. Therefore, frequency in air is also f0 105 Hz .
M B 189
substituting from part (a), we get
M A 400
fA 25 189 3
.
fB 21 400 4
v 0.6r
6. Fundamental frequency, f
4( 0.6r )
2 a
7 or, , k
2
x=0 x=l
The amplitude at a distance x from x 0 is given by
/2
A a sin kx
Total mechanical energy at x of length dx is
1
dE (dm) A2 2
2
1
( dx)(a sin kx )2 (2 f )2
2
or, dE 2 2f 2 a 2 sin 2 kx dx … (i)
T
v2
Here f 2 and k .
(4 2 )
Substituting these values in equation (i) and integrating it from x 0 to x , we get total energy of
string,
2 a 2T
E .
4