Leukemia

What is leukemia?

Leukemia is a blood cancer caused by a raise in the number of white blood cell in
the body
it is a malignant disease of hematopoietic Tissue, problem with blood cell
production. characterized by the accumulation abnormal white cells in the bone
marrow leading to bone marrow failure, a raised circulating white cell count
(leukocytosis)
TYPES OF LEUKEMIA:
The four most common types of
leukemia are:
1. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
2. Acute myeloid leukemia
3. Chronic lymphocytic
leukemia
4. Chronic myeloid leukemia
Acute lymphocytic (lymphoblastic)
leukemia (ALL)

ALL is more common in children.

This type of leukemia begins in the B or T lymphocytes, which are immature white
blood cells.
ALL can affect the bone marrow all over the body. It can also spread to the:
Lymph nodes
Liver
Spleen
a cute myeloid leukemia (AML)

AML is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults.

It tends to progress quickly
Is a type of blood cancer that starts from young white blood cells called
granulocytes or monocytes in the bone marrow. The bone marrow is the soft inner
part of the bones, where new blood cells are made.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

CLL accounts for about a third of leukemia diagnoses, It usually affects older
adults
One form of CLL progresses slowly
Symptoms may not appear until years after onset Another form of CLL grows very
quickly.
CLL begins in the B lymphocytes.
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)

This type of leukemia is rare.

Adults are more likely than children to get CML.
CML occurs when a genetic change turns the myeloid cells into immature cancer
cells.
These cells then grow slowly and overwhelm the healthy cells in the bone marrow
and blood.
This type is hard to treat
CAUSES OF LEUKEMIA:
A family history of leukemia
Genetic disorders such as
Downsyndrome
Smoking, which increases the risk of
developing acute myeloid
leukemia(AML)
Blood disorders, such as myelody
splastic
syndrome, which is sometimes
called "prilukemia"
Previous treatment for cancer, such
as chemotherapy or radiation
Exposure to high levels of radiation
Exposure to chemicals such as
benzene
SYMPTOMS
Leukemia symptoms vary, depending on the
type of leukemia.
Common leukemia signs and symptoms
include:
Fever or chills. Easy bleeding or bruising.
Recurrent nosebleeds. Persistent fatigue, weakness.
Tiny red spots in your skin (petechiae). Frequent or server infections.
Excessive sweating, especially at night. Losing weight without trying.
Bone pain or tenderness. Swollen lymph nodes, enlarged liver
or spleen.
SYMPTOMS
Leukemia symptoms are often vague and not specific.
You may overlook early leukemia symptoms
because they may resemble symptoms of the flu and other common illnesses.
TREATMENT OF LEUKEMIA:
Treatment will typically depend on:
the type of leukemia
the patient's age and health status
whether or not the leukemia cells
have spread to the cerebrospinal
fluid.
The genetic changes or specific
characteristics of the leukemia
cells as determined in the
laboratory can also
determine the type of treatment
that may be most appropriate.
TREATMENT OF LEUKEMIA:
Watchful waiting may be an option for
some people with a chronic leukemia
who do not have symptoms.
Treatment for leukemia include:
chemotherapy (major treatment
modality for leukemia)
radiation therapy
Biological therapy
Targeted therapy
Stem cell transplant
Surgical removal of the spleen can
be a part of treatment if the spleen
is enlarged.
Conclusion:

In end it is all about how we take care of our bodies, our diet plays a big role in our
well being and staying
healthy. leukemia cancer is a very dangerous disease. We should take proper
precaution to prevent this disease.