Bachelor's Degree in Tourism & Hospitality Management

28015 – Tourism Typologies

ACCESSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE TOURISM

IN NATURE AREAS
Lecturer: Jorge Peralta
jorge.peralta@iqs.url.edu
 Accessible and Inclusive tourism
in nature areas

INDEX

1. NATURE AS AN ACCESSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE TOURISM PRODUCT

2. DEFINITION
3. NATURE AREAS AS A TRAVEL PURPOSE
4. ACCESSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE TOURISM THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
5. AML: AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE TOURISM
6. SUSTAINABILITY
7. BEST PRACTICES
8. GLOSSARY
9. WEBGRAPHY
10. CASE STUDIES

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1. NATURE AS ACCESSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE

TOURISM PRODUCT (I)

1. Nature areas in all their forms are important for the ecological
well-being of the world and an underlying component to address
the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

2. Different groups of people with disabilities are disadvantaged

because of their access needs dependent on whether they have:
mobility including power or manual wheelchairs, and other types of
sensory and cognitive aid: hearing/deaf; vision/blind; cognitive or
learning; mental health and others.

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1. NATURE AS ACCESSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE

TOURISM PRODUCT (II)
1. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than
one billion (1.000 M) people around the world live with some
form of disability. In future years, the prevalence of disability will
increase.

2. Demographic changes taking place today, particularly in

developed countries, shows the ageing of the population.

3. Difficulties and barriers on their travels: inaccessible transport,

accommodation and museums with physical and communication
barriers, lack of trained professional in the travel sector, lack of
information to provide enough confidence when planning the trip
etc.
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1. NATURE AS ACCESSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE

TOURISM PRODUCT (III)

a) Enabling people with disabilities to travel is included in the

universal 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
b) Accessible and Inclusive tourism follow principles of the 2007
International Convention on the Rights of Persons with
Disabilities.
c) UNWTO has a Working Group on Accessible Tourism,
launched in 2017 by the Affiliate Members Department.
d) Spain has a Network for Accessible Tourism (RedEstable) to
lead in breaking down barriers and opening their doors to all
tourists, including those with some kind of disability or reduced
mobility.

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2. DEFINITION

• Accessible and inclusive tourism means tourism for all.

• Tourism is a fundamental social right for all, since leisure and

tourism activities are fundamental to the quality of life of people with
disabilities, same as for the rest of society.

• Accessible or inclusive tourism includes tourist equipment,

resources and services and not only facilitates access for people
with disabilities, but also for older adults and all those with
temporary reduced mobility.

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3. NATURE AREAS AS A TRAVEL PURPOSE

1. Growing demand for nature-based tourism is reshaping people’s

travel lifestyle, more interested in lower impact trips as a
response to the climate emergency context we are living in.

2. CoV-2 pandemic are added factors that have developed a new

sense of freedom, based on a desire to escape from urban
environments and find more immersive and sustainable
experiences in nature.

3. Tourism based in natural spaces will therefore keep attracting

visitors of all kind, reason why they shall be designed
considering everyone’s needs, placing people and universal design
principles at the core of all nature-based tourism products and
services.
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4. ACCESSIBLE AND INCLUSIVE TOURISM

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

1. Analyze destination competitiveness and sustainability.

2. Identify sources of behavior change interventions based on

implementation science.

3. Implement ambient intelligence (AmI) towards smart innovations to

support inclusion and services to people with disabilities.

This framework could be applied to accessible tourism,

accessible sport events and accessible destination experiences.

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5. AML (I)
Ambient Intelligence tourism towards accessibility and inclusion

• AmI brings intelligence to tourism ecosystems by bringing all up-to-date

information and making suitable personalized recommendations and
adjustments in real time and context.

• AmI supports value cocreation through dynamic personalization based

on time and individual sensitive environments’ needs.

• Smart environments make industry structures, processes and practices

accessible, providing disruptive service innovations through dynamic and
collective agility, offering inclusive services, opening markets and
supporting destinations and organizations to improve their competitive
advantage through inclusion.

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5. AML (II)

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6. SUSTAINABILITY (I)
1. Tourism accessibility has become an intrinsic factor in
responsibility, sustainability and tourism quality.

2. It must involve users, service providers, public bodies,

educational and training entities.

3. it is possible to make nature spaces accessible without

harming natural environments, making accessibility unnoticeable
while used by everyone.

4. Smart innovations are also required to provide individualized and

contextualized solutions to support inclusion and services to
people with disabilities.

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6. SUSTAINABILITY (II)
SDG

https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284417254

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7. BEST PRACTICES REQUIREMENTS (I)

1) Public-private collaboration

2) Training related to accessibility

3) Implementation of accessibility

4) Sustainability of the project over time

5) Possibility of replicating the project

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7. BEST PRACTICES REQUIREMENTS (II)

A) PUBLIC-PRIVATE COLLABORATION

1.The project has been carried out entirely at a private level.

2.The project has been carried out by a public entity.
3.The project has been carried out in collaboration with public and
private entities.
4.The project has been carried out with the collaboration of public
entities and representative entities of people with
disabilities/experts in accessible tourism.
5.The project has been carried out with the collaboration of public and
private entities and representative entities of people with disabilities
/ experts in accessible tourism.

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7. BEST PRACTICES REQUIREMENTS (III)

B) TRAINING RELATED TO ACCESSIBILITY

1.The project has carried out a training program for its employees in
accessibility or/and care for people with disabilities.
2.The project has carried out a training program for its employees and
strategic partners of the project in accessibility or/and care for people
with disabilities.
3.The project provides a seal that requires its member associates to
comply with training in accessibility or/and care for people with
disabilities.
4.The project offers accessibility training programs and workshops
or/and care for people with disabilities to third parties.

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7. BEST PRACTICES REQUIREMENTS (IV)

C) IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCESSIBILITY

1.The project has carried out a design and pre-diagnosis process

based on an accessibility plan carried out by specialized technicians.

2.The project has carried out a testing process with users prior to the
final implementation of the project.

3.The project has reached recognized international or local

accessibility standards (e.g., ISO, UNE).

4.The project has established a periodic evaluation system to obtain

comments on the user experience and implement improvements.
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7. BEST PRACTICES REQUIREMENTS (V)

D) SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PROJECT OVER TIME

1.The project has public funding for its own operations and
maintenance.
2.The project has public and private funding for its own operations
and maintenance.
3.The project includes a user fee to clients that allows its viability
during its development.
4.The project has a material and economic forecast (public or
private) with a fix date for its completion.
5.The project is financed with its own funding.

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7. BEST PRACTICES REQUIREMENTS (VI)

E) POSSIBILITY OF REPLICATING THE PROJECT

1.The project has replicable aspects in other similar initiatives.

2.The project is moderately replicable given its own characteristics.

3.The project required a large investment and/or technical

development and is replicable or expandable within its
system/operability.

4.The project has characteristics that can be applied internationally.

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8. GLOSSARY

– Accessible tourism
– Aml
– Inclusive tourism
– Nature areas
– Nature-based tourism

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9. WEBGRAPHY

• http://redestable.com/

• https://isto.international/

• https://www.accessibletourism.org/

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10. CASE STUDIES (I)

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10. CASE STUDIES (I)

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