Chem1 Adge Individual Activity 2

Republic of the Philippines
Province of Misamis Oriental

Municipality of Tagoloan
TAGOLOAN COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Baluarte, Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental
Tel. No. (08822) 740 – 835
Member: Association of Local Colleges & Universities (ALCU)
Member: Association of Local Colleges & Universities-Commission on Accreditation (ALCU-COA)
ADGE 1 (Crim 2)
Activity 2 (Individual)
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
NAME: PRESORES, BELEN SEC: BSCRIM 2L DATE: MAY 9, 2023 SCORE: ___________
INSTRUCTION: Check the link, listen and understand and answer the questions below.
I. BOILING POINTS - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8b5Ha-8QGhY
A. If you were given an unknown solid substance, how could you determine that it is a pure compound?
Pure substances can be identified by comparing the melting point found in the experiment with
published reference data of what the melting point should be. The melting point is a simple way to
determine the purity of a substance. The melting point of a pure substance should be sharp, but if the
substance is present in a combination, the melting point will be spread out over a range. If the
substance is known, the melting point can be compared to the melting point in the literature as an
additional measure. Thin layer chromatography is another possibility. A drug solution would be made,
and a drop would be placed to the TLC plate. The substance is a combination if the spot separates into
spots as it goes up the TLC plate.
Recrystallization is a simple method of purifying a solid. This will allow the material to crystallize as a
pure substance from solution. A tiny part of the mixture can be recrystallized in multiple solvents with
varying polarities to select a suitable solvent. The solvent with the best recovery rate should be
utilized for the majority of the sample.
The decision to recrystallize using a solvent pair of water and hexane is illogical. This is due to the fact
that the material remains dissolved in hexane even at low temperatures.
B. How does change in pressure affect the boiling point of a compound?

The greater the pressure, the more energy required for liquids to boil, and the higher the
boiling point. The boiling point of a compound is the temperature at which it has enough
energy (typically heat) to overcome atmospheric pressure and "escape" into the gas phase.If
the pressure increases, it becomes more difficult to reach this point, and the boiling point
temperature rises.
The boiling point will be lower if the pressure is lower. Fluids can boil at considerably lower
temperatures if the pressure is reduced sufficiently by creating a partial vacuum. Water may be
made to boil at room temperature under very little pressure
“Padayon ang tiunay nga Serbisyo”

Email: tccadmin@tcc.edu.ph
Tel. No. (08822) 740 – 835
C. The boiling point of pure ethyl alcohol is 78.3 at 760 mmhg. Would the boiling point of alcohol be
higher or lower than 78.3 at higher altitude? Why?
As we all know, as altitude increases, so does air pressure. This is because as altitude increases,
the number of air molecules (which exert force per unit area) reduces, and so the air pressure
lowers. As a result, at higher elevations, air pressure is less than 760 mm Hg. At boiling point, the
liquid's vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure (or air pressure). At greater altitudes, the air
pressure falls.
II. MELTING POINTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQNaTfqXECk
A.What are the bonding forces that hold together the molecules in a crystal? Give the examples of compounds with
such types of bonding forces
The term "crystal" refers to solids that have a distinct internal layout and a highly ordered three-dimensional
structure of atoms, molecules, or ions. Solids vary in shape and content. A solid's particles are closely
packed and kept together by many forces of attraction, notably intermolecular forces of attraction. The
crystal is held together by intermolecular forces of attraction, and the atoms, ions, or molecules can form
bonds such as metallic, ionic, covalent, and Van der Waals. Crystals vary in shape and appearance due to
intermolecular forces of attraction and atomic composition. Intermolecular forces are weaker than
intramolecular forces. Examples of intermolecular forces include the London dispersion force, dipole-dipole
interaction, ion-dipole interaction, and van der Waals forces.
B.What is the effect of impurity on melting point of a substance?
Impurities have an effect on the melting point by lowering it through a process known as melting point depression.
Melting point depression is a colligative feature that is determined by the amount of moles of solute and is unaffected
by the composition of the solute. Impurities in solids lower the melting point by disrupting the crystal lattice and
weakening the intermolecular interactions, making the solid less stable. As a result, the chemical melts more slowly.
Impurities have an effect on the boiling point by raising it, a process known as boiling point elevation. A colligative
property is boiling point.
C.How can melting and boiling point determinations used in identifying and/or characterizing unknown compounds?
Determining a compound's melting point is one approach to see if it is pure, however it does not always
identify the compound.
A pure substance's melting point is usually less than 2°C. Other chemicals, however, may have melting points
that are within 2°C of your sample.
Determine the combined melting points of combinations of your sample with other chemicals to be more
definite.
Because impurities lower and broaden the melting range, your pure sample should have a larger
and narrower melting range than the mixture.

Tel. No. (08822) 740 – 835
For instance, we may have an unknown substance that we believe is cinnamic acid. At 133134° C, it melts.
However, 2-furancarboxylic acid and decanedioic acid both melt at around 134°C.
So, you make separate mixtures of your unknown with the known samples of cinnamic acid, 2-
furancarboxylic acid, and decanedioic acid.
If your unknown is cinnamic acid, mixing it with pure cinnamic acid will not change the melting point.
However, the other compounds will be "impurities" in your unknown, and the mixed melting points will be
lower and have wider melting point ranges.
Your learnings on this activity:
Chemical and physical properties of organic compounds are extremely important in determining the
reactivity of a particular organic compound. Both organic and inorganic chemistry are important to science
since they make the study of the structure and properties of molecules possible. An element can be
classified as a metal, non-meta, metalloid, or gas. Metals and metalloids are known to form organometallic
compounds with carbon.
References:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8b5Ha-8QGhY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQNaTfqXECk

Tel. No. (08822) 740 – 835

Tel. No. (08822) 740 – 835


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Republic of the Philippines

Province of Misamis Oriental

I. BOILING POINTS - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8b5Ha-8QGhY

B. How does change in pressure affect the boiling point of a compound?

“Padayon ang tiunay nga Serbisyo”

II. MELTING POINTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQNaTfqXECk

B.What is the effect of impurity on melting point of a substance?

and narrower melting range than the mixture.

“Padayon ang tiunay nga Serbisyo”

Your learnings on this activity:

“Padayon ang tiunay nga Serbisyo”

“Padayon ang tiunay nga Serbisyo”

“Padayon ang tiunay nga Serbisyo”

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