WHAT IS AESTHETIC?

– Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of

beauty.
(Recap) WHAT IS SITE PLANNING?
– Site planning is the organization of an area
of land to fit a program for its development
which is efficient, expresses the character of
the site, and provides attractive spaces to use.
SITE CONTEXT

1. Get the right synthesis Set

2. all Basic Parameters
 SITE CONTEXT

S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS
– Evaluation of each character area or landscape zone
– The aim in design and management is to:
• BUILT ON STRENGHT
• MINIMIZE THE WEAKNESSES
• TAKE US AS MANY OPPORTUNITIES AS POSSIBLE
• AVOID THREATS
 SITE CONTEXT

S.W.O.T. Analysis
– Strength and Weakness
• are the aspect of the site itself
– Opportunities and Threats
• those aspect that affect it from outside
/ immediate surrounding
STRENGTHS – ex.
– Size of the area gives high carrying capacity
– Presence of water in various form and size
– Varied topography gives range of landscape
– Road access
WEAKNESSES – ex.
– Core area is a long way from public access roads
– Terrain is rough and steep
– Insects are plentiful
Opportunities – ex.
– To develop a range of recreational activities
in keeping with the demand of the
community.
– To protect vulnerable habitats
from development
– To develop integral plan for management
to ensure minimal site degradation.
Threats – ex.
– Commercial exploitation of forested areas
with good access.
– Forest fires
– Uncontrolled access
– Contribution to noise pollution
Basic Parameters (steps)
1. Planning Regulations, Setbacks and By-Laws
2. Calculated Assumption & Contextual Relationship
3. Massing Study, Circulation & Topography
4. Revisit Contextual Relationship
5. Work out few options using 3-D modelling
6. Fine Tune the best option
7. Start the Detailed Layout
 AMBF expressed in sq.m
Allowable Maximum Building
Footprint
PSO expressed in percentage
Percentage of Site Occupancy

TOSL – Total Open Space within Lot

ISA – Impervious Surface

Area USA – Unpaved Surface
Area
 2.00

2.00
2.00
4.50
Determine the Maximum Development Potential of the project site:

TLA: Total Lot Area – (11x15) 165 Sq.meters

AMBF (Allowable Maximum Building
Footprint): (Refer to Table VIII.2)
Ex:
=(11-2-2)x (15-2-4.5) * Side Minus Setbacks
= 7x8.50 Sq.mtrs
= 59.50 sq.mtrs
SITE CONTEXT
• Setback Requirements
• RROW – Road Right-of-way
• Front, Sides, Rear
SITE CONTEXT
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
6. What is the minimum requirements for the parking slots of the project?

GFA = Gross Floor Area

= 45,000/500
= 90 parking slots
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE

PHILIPPINES (LOT TYPES)

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SITE CONTEXT

Lot Considerations
– AMBF –
Allowable
Maximum
Building
Footprint
SITE CONTEXT
Lot Considerations
– PSO – Percentage of Site
Occupancy
– Occupancy
Classifications
– GROUP A – Residential
Dwellings
– GROUP B – Hotels, Apartments
– GROUP C – Education &
–
–
GROUP D – Institutional
GROUP E – Business and Mercantile
– GROUP F – Industrial
– GROUP G – Storage and Hazardous
– GROUP H – Assembly Other
than Group I
– GROUP I – Assembly Occupant
Load 1000 or more
– GROUP J – Accessory
(refer to NBC table for Building
Occupancy)
Recreation
 SITE CONTEXT
Lot Considerations
– ISA – Impervious Surface Area
– Impervious Surface are mainly artificial structures— such as
pavements
(roads, sidewalks, driveways and parking lots, as well as
industrial areas such as airports, ports
and logistics and distribution centres, all of which use
considerable paved areas) that are covered by
impenetrable materials such as
asphalt, concrete, brick, stone and rooftops.
– Soils compacted by urban development are also highly
impervious.
SITE CONTEXT

Lot Considerations
– ISA –
Impervious
Surface Area
 SITE CONTEXT

Lot Considerations
– FLAR - Floor-Lot Area Ratio
– This ratio is determined by dividing the total or
gross floor area of the building by the gross area
of the lot. A higher ratio is more likely to indicate
a dense or urban construction. Local governments
use FAR for zoning codes.
SITE CONTEXT
 SITE CONTEXT

Lot Considerations
– BHL – Building Height Limit
– BUILDING HEIGHTS the Philippines:
1) LOW-RISE from 1 - 5 storeys i.e. 4.0 m to 16.0 m,
2) MEDIUM-RISE from 6 - 15 storeys i.e. 19.0 m to 46.0 m
3) HIGH-RISE from 16 - 60 storeys i.e. 49.0 m to 181.0 m
4) VERY TALL BUILDING taller than 60 storeys or taller than
181.0 m
(Counter check with Civil Aviation Authority of the
Philippines – CAAP)
 SITE CONTEXT

Lot Considerations
‒ TGFA – Total Gross Floor Area
‒ The total floor area with correspondence with
its number of storeys.
‒ AMVB – Allowable Maximum Volume of Building
‒ (Above-Grade) The limit of the total volume
of space that can be occupied by a proposed
building/structure above grade level.
SITE CONTEXT

Lot – AMBF X BHL = TGFA

Considerations
Formulas:
– PSO + ISA = MACA
– ISA + USA = TOSL
– TOSL + PSO = 100%
– FLAR X TLA = GFA
– TLA X PSO = AMBF
– AMBF X 100 = PSO
– TGFA = AMBF X NO.
OF FLOORS
(Inclusive of Roof
Deck)
– USA (actual) =
USA (min.) +
[PSO of lot = PSO
of actual}
SITE CONTEXT
What is Plinth Area
– Plinth area built up covered area of a
building measured at floor level at any
storey.
– Plinth area is calculated by taking the external
dimension of the building at the floor level excluding
plinth off-sets, if any courtyards, open areas, balconies
cantilever projections are not included in plinth area.
– Supported porches (other than cantilevered)
are included in the plinth area.
SITE CONTEXT
• The following shall be included in the Plinth Area.
– All floor area of walls at the floor level excluding plinth
of sets if any.
– Internal Shafts for sanitary installation provided these
do not exceed 2 sq m. in area air condition ducts, lifts
etc.
– Area of porch other than cantilevered
 SITE CONTEXT
• The following shall not be included in the plinth area.
– Area of loft
– Internal sanitary shafts provided these are not more than 2 sq
m. in area.
– In enclosed balconies
– Towers, sunshade, domes, etc. projecting above the
terrace level, not forming a storey at the terrace level.
– Architectural bonds, cornices etc.
– Sunshade, vertical sun breakers of box Louvers
projecting out.
SITE CONTEXT
What is Carpet Area?

– As the name suggests, carpet area means the area of the

property where you can lay your carpet, measured wall to
wall.
• Areas included in Carpet Area
– All Rooms – Living Room, Bedrooms, Dining Room, Dressing Room,
Other Rooms.
– Kitchen and Bathrooms
– Stores and Balconies
• Areas not included in Carpet Area
– External and Internal walls
– Common Areas
SITE CONTEXT
What is Built-Up?
– Areas included in Built Up Area/ Plinth Area
• Entire carpet area
• Internal and External Walls
• Utility Ducts within walls of the unit
– Areas not included in Built Up Area/ Plinth Area
• Common Areas
SITE CONTEXT
What is Super Built-Up?
– Built up area plus common areas proportioned to a unit
• Areas included in Super Built Up Area
– Entire Built Up Area
– Common Areas – lobby, lift ducts, staircases, pipe ducts/ shafts,
air ducts, covered community centres/ clubs, other covered
common facilities.
• Areas not included (generally should not be included) in
Super Built Up Area
– Roof Terrace
– Open Areas like parks, gardens, play areas etc.
 SITE CONTEXT

Difference between
Carpet, Built-In, and
Super Built-In Area
 SITE CONTEXT

The Site
– Get the area of the site.
SITE CONTEXT
SITE CONTEXT
SITE CONTEXT
SITE CONTEXT
SITE CONTEXT
SITE CONTEXT
Aesthetic Factors
– Natural Features / Existing Landscape
– When sites are characterized by outstanding
natural features of earth, rock, water or plant
material, these may be incorporated in the site
development as natural assets of the land
SITE CONTEXT
Aesthetic Factors
– Visual Quality
– Landscape special character
– Spatial pattern of the site
– Visual quality and character
– Visual disturbance
 Landscape Special Character Visual Quality

Rocky Urban view Natural view

Outcrops

Panoramic View Framed View Filtered View

Vista Visual Character
SITE CONTEXT

Aesthetic Factors
Visual Resources:
1.View – a scene
observed from
a vantage point.
SITE CONTEXT

Aesthetic Factors
Visual Resources:
2. Vista – a confined view, usually directed toward
a terminal or dominant feature:
VISTA has THREE COMPONENTS:
– A Viewing Station
– A View
– A Foreground
 JUNCTIONS JUNCTIONS

JUNCTIONS

JUNCTIONS

JUNCTIONS
 SITE CONTEXT
Aesthetic Factors
Spatial Patterns
It is defined as the way an open
space of given site is configured
according to an arrangement of
elements that evoke activity or flow,
both physically or visually.
SITE CONTEXT
Aesthetic Factors
– Spatial Patterns
SENSOUS
QUALITITES
What is Sensous?

– relating to or affecting the senses rather than

the intellect.
SENSOUS QUALITIES
• A site includes many man-made details.
• Their number becomes apparent when we try to
catalogue the furniture of some existing area:
fences, seats, signal boxes, signs, light poles,
meters, trash cans, fireplugs, manholes, wires,
lights and so on.
• It is curious that the mere list conveys a sense of
clutter and disharmony.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
SENSOUS QUALITITES
GROUND FORM
In an urban area, space may be defined by man-
made structures, in less dense development by the basic
natural materials: rock, earth, water and plant cover.
The configuration of the floor is determined by the
existing topography whose modelling must be
thoroughly understood before work begins.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
Ground Form
• Ground Texture
•The textural finish of the ground can be a source
of delight in itself.
• It can also set a general visual character and scale.
•The texture of the floor imparts sensations of
touch as well as sight.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
Ground Form
• Ground Texture
•The pattern of surface activity can be expressed
in the textural pattern and such differentiations
play a role in guiding and controlling these type of
activities:
•Roads and Footpaths, Bicycle and Car
Stalls, drainage tunnels, play areas or spots
for standing and sitting.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
Ground Form
• Ground Texture
• Fine Ground textures:
• Moss or close-cropped grass
- tend to emphasize the
shape and mass of the
underlying ground and
to increase its apparent
size
SENSOUS QUALITITES
Ground Form
• Ground Texture
• Coarse Ground textures:
•Cobble, Bricks, or Blocks – work in the opposite
way, calling attention to the surface itself,
rather than an underlying mass
SENSOUS QUALITITES

Ground Form
•Groun
d
Texture
SENSOUS QUALITITES
WATER
SENSOUS QUALITITES
WATER
Water is equally elemental - simple nature but
extremely varied in effect.
The very number of descriptive terms in the
common language indicates its potential richness in
design: ocean, pool, sheet, jet, torrent, rill, drop, spray,
cascade, film (plus an equal number of words for liquid
motion: trickle, splash, foam, flood, ripple, surge, run).
SENSOUS QUALITITES

Pool Jet

Sheet Torrent Rill

SENSOUS QUALITITES WATER

Drop Cascade

Spray
Bitfall / film
SENSOUS QUALITITES
WATER

Moving water gives a sense of life.

Still water conveys unity and rest and may
be used to clarify a plan.
Usually it is wise to place still water at
the lowest point in its immediate
surroundings.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
WATER
SENSOUS QUALITITES
Water
•In Landscape architecture and garden design, water
feature is one or more items from a range of fountains,
pools, ponds, cascades, waterfalls, and streams.
• Benefits for the project in introducing water features:
• From the aesthetic to the Psychological
• Building Looks larger and more imposing
• Water’s evanescent, organic qualities can soften the mood.
• Appear to dematerialise severe lines.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
WATER
SENSOUS QUALITITES
WATER
SENSOUS QUALITITES
PLANT MATERIAL
Next in importance is the living plant materials.
• Trees
• Shrubs
• Herbs
• Lawn
materials popularly associated with landscape
work.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
PLANT MATERIAL
Site Planning is thought to be the spotting of
trees on a plan after houses and roads have been
located there.
But it is more the organization of outdoor space
in which the plant cover is only one element.
SENSOUS QUALITITES
PLANT MATERIAL
SENSOUS QUALITITES
PLANT MATERIAL
SENSOUS QUALITITES
PLANT MATERIAL
SENSOUS QUALITITES
PLANT MATERIAL
Many great landscapes are treeless; there
are handsome squares that do not include a
plant in any description.
Plants are one of the fundamental landscape
materials. Planting is considered the “extra” in
site
development, the first item to be cut when
the budget pinches.