PARTICLES OF MATTER

-Democritus named particles of matter atoms in 400 BC

-Atoms are the basic units of matter made of Protons, neutrons and electrons
-Proton is Positive and determines atomic number
-Neutron has no charge
-Electron is Negative
-The nucleus was discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford.
-James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932.
-Elements are the basic building blocks of matter.

PROPERTIES AND CHANGES OF MATTER

- Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass
- Matter is anything made of particles. An atom is the basic unit of matter.
-Matter can be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas.
- Physical property is a property that can be easily observed without changing the identity
of the substance. EXAMPLES: density, color and conductivity.
-Physical change: Substance may seem different, but the way the atoms link up is the
same. Can be reversible, or irreversible.
- It is a physical change if it changes shape or size, it dissolves or it changes state.
- Chemical property is any ability to produce a change in the identity of matter. EXAMPLES:
Flammability, Reactivity and corrosive.
- Chemical change occur when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances.
-You know a chemical change has occurred when: A change in color or odor, Production of
a gas, Formation of a precipitate or Absorbs or releases energy (gets hot or cold or light is
given off).
-EXAMPLES of chemical changes: Mold, rusting and burning.
-sunlight, heat and electricity are NOT matter