Title: The Passive Voice & The Causative :

Slide 1:
Introduction:

HAJAR: Hello everyone, for today’s lesson , we will explore two important grammatical
structures (which are): the passive voice and the causative.
These structures are commonly used in English to change the focus or perspective of a
sentence.
Let’s start .

Slide 2:
The Passive Voice:

OSCAR:The passive voice is used when the focus of the sentence is on the receiver of the
action, rather than the person that takes the action .

It is formed by using the appropriate form of the verb "to be" followed by the past participle
of the main verb.
● Example: "The book was written by John."
(In this sentence, the book is the receiver of the action which is (written) and John is
the person who takes the action.)

Slide 3:
The Causative:

IZAN: The causative is used when someone or something causes another person to do
something for them.
It is formed by using a form of the verb "to have" or "to get," followed by the base form of the
main verb.
● Example:
● "I had my car repaired."
In this sentence, "I" caused someone else to repair my car.
Slide 4:
Types of Causative Constructions:

HAJAR: Let’s see some types of causative constructions, starting with “have" which is one
of the verbs that we use in the Causative, in this case we use “have" when someone
arranges for someone else to do something for them.
● Example:
● "I had my car repaired by a mechanic."
In this example, "have" is used as a causative verb to indicate that the subject witch
is (me) arranged for someone else (a mechanic) to perform an action that is (repair
my car).

The construction "have + object + past participle"

The construction is have ( had) plus an object, in this case the object that has to be repaired
is the car, so the object is the car and the past participle.

● "She had her house cleaned by a professional cleaner."

● “I had my car washed yesterday.”

EN CASO DE QUE PIDAN MÁS EJEMPLOS

CARLA: For the verb “get” we use it when someone persuades or influences someone
else to do something for them.
● Example:
● "I got my sister to bake a cake for the party."
In this example, "get" is used as a causative verb to express that the subject which is
(me) successfully convinced someone else (my sister) to perform an action that is
(bake a cake).

The causative construction "get + object + to + verb"

● "I got my friend to pick up my shoes ."

● I got my friend to help me move the wardrobe.
Slide 5:
Differences between the Passive Voice and the Causative:

OSCAR:The passive voice focuses on the receiver of the action,

IZAN: While the causative focuses on the person causing the action.

OSCAR: The passive voice uses a form of the verb "to be" + past participle,
IZAN: While the causative uses a form of the verb "to have" or "to get" + base form.

OSCAR: An example for the passive form "The cake was baked by Mary." (passive)
IZAN : And for the causative "Mary had the cake baked." (causative)

Slide 6:
Common Uses:

CARLA:
● Passive voice: The passive voice are commonly used in news reports, scientific
writing… (and things like that)
● Causative: And for the causative it is used when someone wants to express that they
planned or influenced someone to do something for them.

Slide 7:
KAHOOT :

HAJAR:
And now we are gonna play a kahoot …(si eso improviso)