VI.

DATA
The evaluation of the LEV system design in the Lualhati Building, spanning from the
ground to the third floor in UE Manila, encompasses the assessment of ventilation and exhaust
rates in designated rooms or areas, along with an evaluation of the construction methods and
materials used in those areas. This evaluation aims to ensure that the LEV system is designed
to provide adequate ventilation and exhaust rates, effectively capturing and removing
contaminants from the air. Additionally, the construction methods and materials used in the
identified areas will be evaluated to ensure that they are appropriate for maintaining the integrity
and effectiveness of the LEV system.
The areas to be evaluated are the ventilation and exhaust system of the following areas
in the building.
A. Ground Floor
 Welding Room
 Male Comfort Room
 Female Comfort Room
 Chaplain’s Restroom
B. Second Floor
 Canteen
 CE Tool Room
 EE Tool Room
 Male Comfort Room
 Female Comfort Room
 Faculty (Male and Female) Restroom
 Dean’s Restroom
 Staff Restroom
C. Third Floor
 Male Comfort Room
 Female Comfort Room

Welding Room (Ground Floor)

The figure below shows the floor plan of the welding room located at the ground floor of
Lualhati Building. The room has a supply and an exhaust system. The floor area of the room is
approximately 61.5 m2 or 662 ft2.

Figure 1. LEV of Welding Room Located at Ground Floor

Ventilation and Exhaust Rate for Welding Room (Ground Floor)
The minimum flow rate shall be 2,000 cfm per welder, except where local exhaust hoods
and booths or airline respirators are provided and used. According to OSHA 29 CFR
1910.252(c), the following spaces require mechanical ventilation in a space of less than 10,000
cubic feet per welder.
Therefore, the required volume flow rate of the welding room is shown below;
Qrequired =
(
2000 CFM Welder
Welder 10000 f t 3 )
( Volume of Welding Room )

Qrequired =
(
2000 CFM Welder
Welder 10000 f t 3 )
( 662 f t 2 ) ( 17.5 ft )
Qrequired =2317 CFM
Therefore, comparing the value of the required CFM to the capacity of the installed unit
in the welding room, it is observed that the installed capacity is larger than the required flow
rate. The percent difference is computed below.
Qinstalled > Qrequired
Q −Q required 6270 CFM −2317 CFM
%difference= installed = =63 %
Q installed 6270CFM
The air velocity based on the capacity of the installed unit can be computed using the
computation below. According to Air Quality Engineering (2017), the recommended air velocity
should be 100 fpm for welding applications or rooms.
Qinstalled 6270CFM
V supply = =
A supplylouvre ( No . ofLouvres)
0.45 m ×0.45 m (
3.28 ft 2
1m
(2))
V supply =1439.01 fpm
Qinstalled 6270 CFM
V exhaust = =
( )
2
A exhaustlouvre (No . ofLouvres) 3.28 ft
0.32m ×0.32 m (4)
1m
V exhaust =1423 fpm
Therefore;
V supply >V recommended
V supply −Qrecommended 1439.01 fpm−100 fpm
%difference= = =93 %
V supply 1439.01 fpm
Also;
V exhaust >V recommended
V exhaust −Q recommended 1423 fpm−100 fpm
%difference= = =93 %
V exhaust 1423 fpm
The table below shows the required CFM and the capacity of the installed unit in the
welding room according to Air Quality Engineering.
Table 1. Required and Installed Ventilation Rates for Welding Room
Roo Minimum Installe Percent Duct Recommend Percent
m Recommend d unit Differenc Velocit ed Velocity Differenc
Area ed Capacit e in y e in
Ventilation y terms of (Suppl terms of
Rate CFM y) fpm
Supply 662 2317 CFM 6270 63% 1439.0 100 fpm 93%
 ft2 CFM 1 fpm
Exhau 662 2317 CFM 6270 63% 1423 100 fpm 93%
st ft2 CFM fpm

Based on the table above, the installed unit capacity is larger than the recommended
ventilation rate. The installed unit in the welding room is larger by 63% which is considered as
overly designed by the designers. The same procedure was done to the exhaust rate of the LEV
system in the welding room.
According to the principle of continuity, the general goal is to balance the volumetric flow
rate of the exhaust and the supply of an LEV system. Based on the capacity of the installed unit
in the building, the supply – exhaust relationship is considered balanced.
Qsupply =Qexhaust
6270 CFM=6270CFM

Manner of Construction for Welding Room (Ground Floor)

The exhaust and supply air system ductwork of the Welding room (ground floor) are
discussed below. Designations were made on each component: E1, E2, E3, and E4 are the
exhaust air louvers while S1 and S2 are the supply air louvers.

Figure 2. Exhaust and Supply Location in the Welding Room

The figure above shows the floor plan of the welding room with the actual dimensions of
each component of the existing duct design.

Height of Hood (Welding Room)

According to OSHA 29 CFR 1910.252, the suggested height of the hoods must be less
than 16 ft or 5 m.
Based on the existing duct design, the vertical clearances or the height of the hoods are
greater than the minimum clearance provided by the PME Code. The table below shows the
recorded values for the height of the hood.
 Table 2. Comparison between Height of Hood and the Recommended Height
Recommended Height
Hood Actual Height, meters
as Per OSHA, meters
E1 2.82 <5m
E2 2.82 <5m
E3 2.84 <5m
E4 2.84 <5m
S1 2.85 <5m
S2 2.85 <5m

Location of the Hood

According to OSHA, the hood should be positioned as close as possible to the source,
ideally less than one hood diameter away. Also a fixed enclosure with a top, and not less than
two sides, which surround the welding or cutting operations and with a rate of airflow sufficient
to maintain a velocity away from the welder of not less than 100 linear feet (30 m) per minute.
The actual location of the exhaust hood in the Welding room is placed at the front and
back of the room. Precisely two at the front and two at the back. Since the recommended
standard pertain to one exhaust per welder, then the welding room should have four welding
machine place directly below it.

Distances from the Wall

The designated label of exhausts are presented in the figure below.

NORTH

WEST EAST

SOUTH

Figure 3. Welding Room Floor Plan

 The table below shows the comparison of the recommended and the actual distance
from the wall of the exhaust hood in the welding room.
Table 3. Comparison of recommended and the actual distance from the wall of exhaust
hood in the welding room
Distance from the Wall
Exhaust Direction Actual , m Remarks
Recommended , in
(in)
North 6 1.2 (47.2) Within the range.
East 6 6.6 (259.8) Within the range.
E1
West 6 1.8 (70.8) Within the range.
South 6 5.5 (216.5) Within the range.
North 6 1.2 (47.2) Within the range.
East 6 2.3 (90.5) Within the range.
E2
West 6 6.1 (240.1) Within the range.
South 6 5.5 (216.5) Within the range.
North 6 5.4 (212.5) Within the range.
East 6 6.6 (259.8) Within the range.
E3
West 6 1.8 (70.8) Within the range.
South 6 0.8 (31.4) Within the range.
North 6 5.4 (212.5) Within the range.
East 6 2.3 (90.5) Within the range.
E4
West 6 6.1 (240.1) Within the range.
South 6 0.8 (31.4) Within the range.
Restrooms (1st to 3rd Floor)
There are seven (15) restrooms in the building from the first to third floor. The list of
restrooms and their areas are shown in the table below.
Table 4. List of Restrooms from 1st to 3rd floor in Lualhati Building
Location Area
Floor
East West m2 ft2
Male Restroom - 25.5 274
1 Female Restroom - 50 538
Chaplain’s Restroom - 3.31 36
Male Restroom 1 - 34 366
Female Restroom 1 - 45 484
- Male Restroom 2 26 280
- Female Restroom 2 33 355
- Dean’s Restroom 3.5 38
2
Male Faculty
- 8 86
Restroom
Female Faculty
8.3 89
Restroom
- Staff Restroom 2.2 24
Male Restroom 1 - 34 366
Female Restroom 1 - 45 484
3
- Male Restroom 2 26 280
- Female Restroom 2 33 355

The table above shows the locations as well as the area of the restrooms that are
provided with exhaust systems. The recommended exhaust system for the restrooms are to be
compared with the unit capacity installed in the building.
The table below shows the minimum required exhaust rate for different types of rooms.
Table 5. Minimum Exhaust Rates

Source: ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007

 The recommended minimum exhaust rate given by ASHRAE (2007) is 25/50 CFM per
Unit for the private toilets and 50/70 CFM per Unit for the public toilets. The unit pertains to the
number of toilets and urinals that are present in the room.
For the computation of the required CFM, the sample computation below shall be
followed
Qreq =Exhaust Rate x No. of Units
For Male Restroom located on Ground Floor East Side (Public)
The recommended value is 50 – 70 CFM per unit. Considering that the restrooms are
frequently used, the considered value should be 70 CFM instead of 50 CFM.
70 CFM
Qreq = ( 11units )=770 CFM
unit
Upon research, it is identified that the capacity of the exhaust unit (Niagara Nia2000) for
the public restrooms installed in the building has a capacity of 424 CFM (niagarafans.com, n.d.).
Qinstalled =424 CFM

For the Dean’s Restrooms located on Second Floor West Side (Private)
The recommended value is 25 – 50 CFM per unit. Considering that the restrooms are
frequently used, the considered value should be 50 CFM instead of 25 CFM.
50 CFM
Qreq = ( 1unit )=50 CFM
unit
Upon research, it is identified that the capacity of the exhaust unit (Niagara Nia120) for
the private restrooms installed in the building has a capacity of 70 CFM (niagarafans.com, n.d.).
Qinstalled =70 CFM
The same procedure can be done to the other restrooms to get the required CFM. The
table below shows the comparison of the required CFM and the installed CFM of the restrooms.
Table 6. Summary of Comparison of Exhaust/ Ventilation Rate
Floor Location Area Descriptio No. of Total Installed Percentage Remarks
East West m2 ft2 n Units Require Unit Difference
(Toilets d Capacity (%)
, Exhaust (CFM)
Urinals Rate
) (CFM)
1 Male - 25. 27 Public 11 770 424 44.94 Underdesign
Restroo 5 4
m
Female - 50 53 Public 8 560 424 24.29 Underdesign
Restroo 8
m
Chaplai - 3.3 36 Private 1 50 70 28.57 Overdesign
n’s 1
Restroo
m
2 Male - 34 36 Public 12 840 424 49.52 Underdesign
Restroo 6
m
Female - 45 48 Public 10 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
Restroo 4
m
- Male 26 28 Public 11 770 424 44.94 Underdesign
Restroo 0
m
 - Female 33 35 Public 10 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
Restroo 5
m
- Dean’s 3.5 38 Private 1 50 70 28.57 Overdesign
Restroo
m
- Male 8 86 Public 3 210 424 50.47 Overdesign
Faculty
Restroo
m
  Female 8.3 89 Public 3 210 424 50.47 Overdesign
Faculty
Restroo
m
- Staff 2.2 24 Private 1 50 70 28.57 Overdesign
Restroo
m
3 Male - 34 36 Public 12 840 424 49.52 Underdesign
Restroo 6
m
Female - 45 48 Public 10 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
Restroo 4
m
- Male 26 28 Public 11 770 424 44.94 Underdesign
Restroo 0
m
- Female 33 35 Public 10 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
Restroo 5
m

Manner of Construction for Comfort Rooms (from Ground Floor to Third Floor)
The duct work in comfort rooms from the ground floor to third floor will be examined and
observed below.
The table shown below is the summary of the collected data measured in each comfort
room required.
Table 7. Summary of Measured Data of Comfort Rooms from Ground Floor to Third Floor
AIR AIR
TEMPERATURE,
TEMPERATURE, VELOCITY, VELOCITY,
ROOM degC (close
degC (2ft distance) m/s (close m/s (2ft
distance)
distance) distance)
GROUND MALE CR 21.5 31.5 - -
FLOOR FEMALE CR 21.5 31.5 - -
MALE CR 30.1 30.3 1.17 0.15
FEMALE CR 30.4 30.5 1.17 0.15
MALE CR
near 31.6 31.6 1.17 0.15
ELEVATOR
2ND FLOOR FEMALE CR
near 31.6 31.6 1.17 0.15
ELEVATOR
CR near
DEAN’S 31 31 1.17 0.15
OFFICE
3RD FLOOR MALE CR 32.5 32.5 - -
FEMALE CR 32.4 32.4 - -
MALE CR
near 31.8 31.8 - -
ELEVATOR
FEMALE CR 31.8 31.8 - -
 near
ELEVATOR

Height of the Hood

The height of the hood in all of the comfort rooms are measured in about 2.4 meters
from the floor or 7.9 feet. As per OSHA (1926.353), the recommended height of the hood must
be above 1.75 meters from the floor or 5.74 feet. In conclusion, the actual height of the hood in
comfort rooms in Lualhati Building from ground floor to third floor is within the range of the
recommended height and follows the protocol of OSHA.

Location of the Hood

In observation, the hood of the duct system of each comfort rooms show uniformity by
locating it near the lavatory. According to CCOHS (Canadian Centre of Occupational Health and
Safety), the hood should be placed as close as possible to the source of contamination,
preferably enclosing it. The more completely enclosed the source is, the less air will be required
for control. In actual position of the hood, it can easily be said that it covers a fraction of air
circulation from the urinals and cubicles and not the entire area. Therefore, the placement of the
hood may be a factor in the decrease of hood’s efficiency.

Distance from Wall

According to Air Pollution Engineering Manual by Danielson, a minimum of 6 inches
should be provided between the ducts and ceilings, walls or floors. To measure the distance of
the hood from the walls, the designated directions are assigned to the floor plan of each comfort
rooms.
Presented below is the sample of designation of direction to walls enclosing the comfort
rooms in ground floor of Lualhati Bldg.
North

West East

South
Figure 4. Male and Female Comfort Rooms in Ground Floor
with direction
 The table presented below presents the summary of hood distances from the walls.

Table 8. Hood Distance from Walls

Recommended
DISTANCE FROM
ROOM DIRECTION Distance from wall ,
WALL , m (in)
in
North 6 4.5 (177.16)
GROUND FLOOR East 6 1.9 (74.80)
MALE CR West 6 1.8 (70.86)
South 6 3.0 (118.11)
North 6 2.9 (114.17)
GROUND FLOOR East 6 2.3 (90.55)
FEMALE CR West 6 2.4 (94.48)
South 6 1.8 (70.86)
North 6 6.0 (236.22)
East 6 4.1 (161.41)
2ND FLOOR MALE CR
West 6 1.8 (70.86)
South 6 1.5 (59.05)
North 6 5.2 (2.04)
2ND FLOOR FEMALE East 6 2.1 (82.67)
CR West 6 3.2 (125.98)
South 6 0.7 (27.55)
North 6 1.7 (66.92)
2ND FLOOR MALE CR East 6 1.4 (55.11)
1 West 6 1.4 (55.11)
South 6 4.4 (173.22)
North 6 1.7 (66.92)
2ND FLOOR FEMALE East 6 1.8 (70.86)
CR 2 West 6 1.8 (70.86)
South 6 4.4 (173.22)
North 6 1.4 (55.11)
CR near Dean’s East 6 0.8 (31.49)
Office
West 6 1.0 (39.37)
 South 6 2.7 (106.29)
North 6 6.0 (236.22)
East 6 4.1 (161.41)
3RD FLOOR MALE CR
West 6 1.8 (70.86)
South 6 1.5 (59.05)
North 6 5.2 (204.72)
3RD FLOOR FEMALE East 6 2.1 (82.67)
CR West 6 3.2 (125.98)
South 6 0.7 (27.55)
North 6 3.2 (125.98)
3RD FLOOR MALE CR East 6 1.4 (55.11)
1 West 6 1.4 (55.11)
South 6 4.4 (173.22)
North 6 2.0 (78.74)
3RD FLOOR FEMALE East 6 1.8 (70.86)
CR 2 West 6 1.8 (70.86)
South 6 4.4 (173.22)

Vent (Direction)

By observing the construction of the exhaust systems in all of the comfort rooms in
Lualhati Bldg., it is obvious that all ducts leads to the outside. The direction of air flow in the
exhaust systems leads to the outside of the building for its release.

Tool Rooms and EE Rooms

The tool rooms located at the second floor of the building are also provided with a
ventilation and exhaust system. The list of the rooms and their respective floor areas is shown in
the table below.
Table 9. Tool Rooms and EE Rooms
Area
Floor Room
m2 ft2
1st EE Room 10.4 112
Tool Room (Electronics) 65.8 708
2nd Tool Room (Electrical) 65.8 708
EE Room 15.7 169
3rd EE Room 15.7 169
 The figure below shows the minimum ventilation and exhaust rate for the
aforementioned rooms.
Table 10. Minimum Ventilation/ Exhaust Rates

According to ASHRAE (2007), the minimum ventilation and exhaust rate for electrical
equipment rooms (EE Room) is 0.06 CFM/ ft 2 and since the Tool Rooms in the building also
serves as storage rooms for the tools and other equipment the ventilation rate required for
storage rooms is considered with 0.12 CFM.ft2 of required flow rate. Therefore,
CFM
Qreq =0.06 ( Room Area )
f t2
For the EE Room (1st Floor):
CFM
Qreq =0.06 2
( 112 f t 2 )=6.72 CFM
ft
 Upon research, it is identified that the exhaust/ ventilation unit installed in the tool rooms
and the EE rooms are the Niagara Nia2000 with 424 CFM capacity and the Niagara Nia120 with
the capacity of 70 CFM. The table below shows the summary of the required exhaust rate and
the installed unit capacity of the aforementioned rooms.

Table 11. Summary of Exhaust Rates for the EE and Tool Rooms
Area Minimum
Total Required Percent
Required Installed Unit
Floor Room Exhaust Rate Difference Remarks
m 2
ft 2
Exhaust Rate Capacity (CFM)
(CFM) (%)
(CFM/ft2)
1st EE Room 10.4 112 0.06 6.72 70 90.4 Overdesign
Tool Room
65.8 708 0.12 84.96 424 80.0 Overdesign
(Electronics)
2nd Tool Room
65.8 708 0.12 84.96 424 80.0 Overdesign
(Electrical)
EE Room 15.7 169 0.06 10.14 70 85.5 Overdesign
3rd EE Room 15.7 169 0.06 10.14 70 85.5 Overdesign

Manner of Construction for Tool Rooms

Height of Hood (Tool Rooms)
According to OSHA 1926.353, the recommended height for exhaust duct is 0.9 m to 1.83
m or 3 to 6 ft. The recommended height given by OSHA will be compared to the actual height of
the tools rooms and EE rooms in the building.
The table below shows the Actual height as well as the recommended height for the
tools rooms in the Lualhati Building.
Table 12. Comparison of Recommended Height and Suggested Height of the Tool/ EE Room

Recommended
Floor Room Height as Per Actual Height Remarks
OSHA

1st EE Room 0.9 – 1.83 m 2.67 m Underdesign

Tool Room
0.9 – 1.83 m 2.67 m Underdesign
(Electronics)
2nd Tool Room
0.9 – 1.83 m 2.67 m Underdesign
(Electrical)
EE Room 0.9 – 1.83 m 2.67 m Underdesign
3rd EE Room 0.9 – 1.83 m 2.67 m Underdesign

Location of the Hood

Based on the given guidelines, the recommended location of the exhaust hood/ louvres must be
10 feet away from the door (OSHA 1926.353). The table below shows the comparison between the
recommended location and the actual location of the exhaust hoods of the Tool and EE Rooms.
Table 13. Comparison between the Recommended and Actual Location of Exhaust Hoods
of Tool/ EE Rooms
Recommended Location of the Actual Location
Floor Assessment
Room Hood, ft (As per OSHA) of the Hood, ft
1 EE Room 10 1.3 Underdesigned
2 Within the
ECE Tool
10 10.8 recommended
Room
location.
EE Tool 10 10.8 Within the
Room recommended
 location.
EE Room 10 1.6 Underdesigned
3 EE Room 10 1.6 Underdesigned
Distance from the Wall
According to Air Pollution Engineering Manual by Danielson (1973), a minimum of 6
inches should be provided between the ducts and ceilings, walls or floors. To measure the
distance of the hood from the walls, the designated directions are assigned to the floor plan of
each comfort rooms.

Table 14. Comparison between the recommended and actual distance from the wall of the
exhaust hood of the Tool/ EE Room
Recommended Actual Distance
Floor Room Direction Distance from the from the Wall , m
Wall , in (in)
North 6 0.6 (23.6)
East 6 1.4 (55.1)
1 EE Room
West 6 2.3 (90.55)
South 6 0.4 (15.7)
North 6 1.5 (59.1)
East 6 2.2 (86.6)
ECE Tool Room
West 6 3.3 (129.9)
South 6 1.5 (59.1)
North 6 1.5 (59.1)
East 6 2.2 (86.6)
2 EE Tool Room
West 6 3.3 (129.9)
South 6 1.6 (62.9)
North 6 1.2 (47.2)
East 6 0.5 (19.6)
EE Room
West 6 0.5 (19.6)
South 6 2.2 (86.6)
North 6 1.2 (47.2)
East 6 0.5 (19.6)
3 EE Room
West 6 0.5 (19.6)
South 6 2.2 (86.6)

Vent Direction (Tool Rooms)

The figure below shows the direction of the exhaust air from the Electrical and
Electronics Tool Rooms. The exhaust air is directly thrown outside of the room. According to
ASHRAE (2017), the typical recommended vent direction must be outside the premises where
the exhaust air cannot go back into the room. The vent direction is directed outside the room
especially if the room is not heavily contaminated with dangerous contaminants.
 Figure 5. Vent Direction for the Tools Rooms
Canteen (Second Floor)
The figure below shows the floor plan of the canteen located at the second floor of Lualhati
Building. The canteen has a supply and an exhaust system. The floor area of the room is
approximately 165 m2 or 1775 ft2. However, the room provided with an exhaust system is the
kitchen located inside the canteen.

Figure 6. Canteen Located at Second Floor

Supply Air for Canteen

The canteen is installed with three units of air conditioners with 2.5 TR capacity each.
Upon research, the CFM of the said unit is 600 CFM for each unit when it is set on high settings.

Table 15. Specifications of Supply Air Unit

Source: lg.com
 Since there are three units of air conditioners in the canteen. The summation of the flow
rate must be taken to solve for the total installed supply air flow rate in the room.
Qinstalled =600+600+600=1800 CFM
To evaluate the designed capacity of the supply air in the canteen, the required
ventilation rate must be identified first.
Table 16. Required Ventilation Rate for canteen

Based on the table above, the required ventilation rate must be 0.18 CFM per ft2. Solving
for the total required:
CFM
CF M req =0.18 2
( 1775 f t 2 )=319.5 CFM
ft
Exhaust Air for Canteen
The exhaust system is used for the kitchen inside the canteen. The figure below shows
the plan for the exhaust system in the canteen. The kitchen has an area of 16m2 or 172ft2.

Figure 7. Floor plan of kitchen inside the canteen

The minimum required exhaust rate is shown in the table below. The required ventilation
is needed to have a basis for the design evaluation of the exhaust system in the building.
Table 17. Minimum exhaust rates for the canteen kitchen
 Since the exhaust unit and the booster fan in the kitchen are still not installed and there
is no way that their capacities can be identified, the required exhaust rate for the room will be
computed instead so that it can be suggested to the designer.
CFM
Qreq =0.7 2
( 172 f t 2 )=120.4 CFM
ft

The table below shows the summary of the computed CFM in comparison with the
installed capacity of the units installed.

Table 18. Comparison between the Required and the installed CFM of the supply air in
canteen
Roo Minimum Installed Percent Remarks
m Recommended unit Difference
Area Ventilation Capacity
Rate
Supply 1775 319.5 CFM 1800 82% Overdesign
(Canteen) ft2 CFM
Exhaust 172 ft2 120.4 CFM - - Suggested
(Kitchen) capacity

The table below shows the summary of all the exhaust and ventilation rate of the rooms
in the first to third floor of Lualhati Building.
Table 19. Summary of Ventilation and Exhaust Rates
Location Ventilation Exhaust
Total Total
Require Installed Percenta Require Installe Percentag
Floor d Unit ge d d Unit e
East West Remarks Remarks
Exhaust Capacity Differenc Exhaust Capacit Difference
Rate (CFM) e (%) Rate y (CFM) (%)
(CFM) (CFM)
Male
- - - - - 770 424 44.94 Underdesign
Restroom
Female
- - - - - 560 424 24.29 Underdesign
Restroom
1 Chaplain’s
- - - - - 50 70 28.57 Overdesign
Restroom
Welding Overdesig 2317 6270
- 2317 6270 63% 63% Overdesign
Room n CFM CFM
EE Room - - - - - 6.72 70 90.4 Overdesign
Male
- - - - - 840 424 49.52 Underdesign
Restroom
Female
- - - - - 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
Restroom
Male
- Restroo - - - - 770 424 44.94 Underdesign
m
2 Female
- Restroo - - - - 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
m
Dean’s
- Restroo - - - - 50 70 28.57 Overdesign
m
Male
- - - - - 210 424 50.47 Overdesign
Faculty
 Restroo
m
Female
Faculty
- - - - - 210 424 50.47 Overdesign
Restroo
m
Staff
- Restroo - - - - 50 70 28.57 Overdesign
m
Tool Room
- - - - - 84.96 424 80 Overdesign
(Electrical)
Tool Room
(Electronic - - - - - 84.96 424 80 Overdesign
s)
EE Room - - - - - 10.14 70 85.5 Overdesign
Overdesig Suggested
- Canteen 319.5 1800 82% 120.4 - -
n capacity
Male
- - - - - 840 424 49.52 Underdesign
Restroom
Female
- - - - - 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
Restroom
Male
3 - Restroo - - - - 770 424 44.94 Underdesign
m
Female
- Restroo - - - - 700 424 39.43 Underdesign
m
EE Room - - - - - 10.14 70 85.5 Overdesign

Location of Supply Diffuser

The figure below shows the location of the supply diffuser for the canteen. The supply air
consists of three diffusers that are placed in the different parts of the canteen. According to
ASHRAE (2017), For ceiling-mounted supply diffusers or grilles, the typical spacing is usually
between 6 to 12 feet (1.8 to 3.7 meters) apart. The actual distances of the supply diffusers are
designed in accordance to the range given by ASHRAE. It can also be noticed that the diffuser
is placed not all in the middle. They are placed in alternative positions; this is to allow the supply
air to go all throughout the corners of the canteen and to account the position of the kitchen.

11.5 ft

11.5 ft
 Figure 8. Separation Distances and Location of the Supply Diffuser
Height of Supply Diffuser
The supply air diffusers or grilles are typically installed at a height of 7 to 9 feet (2.1 to
2.7 meters) above the finished floor level. This height helps to distribute the air evenly across
the occupied zone and ensures that it reaches the breathing zone of the occupants (ASHRAE,
2017).
The figure below shows the actual height of the diffuser in the canteen.

Figure 9. Actual Height of Supply Diffuser

The table below shows the comparison of the actual supply diffuser to the recommended
height given by ASHRAE.

Table 20. Comparison between the recommended height of the supply diffuser
Room Canteens
Recommended Height 7 - 9 ft (2.1 – 2.7 m)
Actual Height 8.73 ft (2.66 m)
Remarks The actual height is inside the suggested range
Height of the Hood (Exhaust)
The height of the hood according to OSHA (1926.353), must be atleast 1.8 meters or 6
feet high. During the actual measurement in the Canteen room, the hood is still not installed but
the duct is already in place. The measured height for the duct is 2.6 m or 8.7 feet. Logically
speaking, the hood of the exhaust system will have a room of 0.8 m or 2.7 feet for installation
and will still be within the range of the recommended height.

Figure 10. Actual Height of Duct in Canteen

Table 21. Summary of Height of the Hood

Recommended Height from floor Available Space for Hood
Actual Height of the Duct , ft
to hood , ft (As per OSHA) Installation , ft
6 8.7 2.7

Location of the Hood (Exhaust)

According to OSHA, the inside lower edge of commercial hoods should overhang or
extend no less than 6 inches beyond the edge of the cooking surface or appliance it is installed
above. Since the hood exhaust is yet to be installed, it is necessary that the hood must be
installed above the cooking area. In this case, the kitchen is placed at the uppermost right of the
room. Therefore the hood will be placed within that area.
 Figure 11. Exhaust Design for Canteen
Distance from Walls (Exhaust)
The table below shows the comparison between the recommended distance from the
walls and the actual distance of exhaust hood to the wall.

Table 22. Distance of the Exhaust Hood to the Walls

Distance From Wall
Room Direction Recommended , Remarks
Actual , m (in)
in
North 6 1.2 (47.2) Good Design
Kitchen in East 6 0 (0) Poorly Designed
Canteen West 6 4.8 (188.9) Good Design
South 6 1.1 (43.3) Good Designs