 

 
 
 
 

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،،،‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬       

 
‫א‬K
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬––‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  JW‫א‬K‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬
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،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬@ÝîÛ†Ûa@ÕzÜß@bßc
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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@ @Z@õaŒuc@òÈi‰c@åß@æìØníë@L@ÖŠİÛaë@ʉaì’ÜÛ@òîÔÏþa@ÁÓb½a@ÝîÛ…@Z@ïãbrÛa@ÝîÛ†Ûa
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‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬@Z@Þë@ þa@õŒ¦a
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬@Z@ïãbrÛa@õŒ¦a
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬@Z@sÛbrÛa@õŒ¦a@
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬@Z@ÉiaŠÛa@õŒ¦a
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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@ @Z@åícŒu@åß@æìØníë@L@ÖŠİÛaë@ʉaì’Ûa@paŒîè£@ÝîÛ…@Z@sÛbrÛa@ÝîÛ†Ûa
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 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬@Z@Þëþ@ a@õŒ¦a

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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،‫א‬Z،‫א‬‫א‬@Z@ïãb;;rÛa@õŒ;;¦a
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬،E٢٠٠٥F١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
  
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬K
    ‫א‬K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ،،،‫א‬‫א‬
 

@ @Éí‰b’½aë@àÈnÜÛ@bíŠÛa@òÔİäß@òãbßc@Ýî×ë@@@@@@@ @@ @@ @@ @@ @@ @
@@
@@

ïvî߆;Ûa@†;;;àª@å;;i@b;;•@O@†äè½a@@@@@@@ @@ @@ @@ @@ @@ @
.
 ‫‪  : ‬‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪   ‬‬

‫‪ ‬א‪ ‬‬

‫‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫א‪ ‬‬

‫‪Q‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬

‫‪Q‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺘﻬﺎ‬

‫‪Q‬‬ ‫‪ ١-٢‬ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺇﻨﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ‬

‫‪U‬‬ ‫‪ ٢-٢‬ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺇﻨﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﺭﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺓ‬

‫‪W‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﻭﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫‪@ @W‬‬ ‫‪ ١-٣‬ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺸﺎﺓ‬

‫‪@ @X‬‬ ‫‪ ٢-٣‬ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﻭﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﻭﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬

‫‪QQ‬‬ ‫‪ -٤‬ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ‬

‫‪@ @QQ‬‬ ‫‪ ١-٤‬ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫‪@ @QQ‬‬ ‫‪ ٢-٤‬ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫‪QT‬‬ ‫‪ ١-٢-٤‬ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻭﺴ‪‬ﻊ ﻟﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ )ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺏ(‬

‫‪QV‬‬ ‫‪ -٥‬ﻜﺒﺎﺌﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺘﻑ‬

‫‪QW‬‬ ‫‪ -٦‬ﻤﻅﻼﺕ ﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬

‫‪QX‬‬ ‫‪ -٧‬ﻟﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬

‫‪QX‬‬ ‫‪ ١-٧‬ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁﻴﺔ‬

‫‪QX‬‬ ‫‪ ٢-٧‬ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫‪RP‬‬ ‫‪ ٣-٧‬ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪RP‬‬ ‫‪ ٤-٧‬ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫‪RR‬‬ ‫‪ -٨‬ﺍﻷﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺤﻭﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﻉ‬

‫‪RR‬‬ ‫‪ ١-٨‬ﺘﺸﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ‬

‫‪RR‬‬ ‫‪ ٢-٨‬ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﻉ‬

‫‪RS‬‬ ‫‪ ٣-٨‬ﺃﺤﻭﺍﺽ ﺍﻷﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻲ‬

‫‪RT‬‬ ‫‪ ٤-٨‬ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﻀﻭﺍﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺠﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻷﺭﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫‪RV‬‬ ‫‪ ٥-٨‬ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﻀﻭﺍﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺠﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﺯﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺼﻠﺔ‬

‫‪RW‬‬ ‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻠﻴﺔ )ﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻠﺴﺎﺕ ‪ ...‬ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ(‬

‫‪RW‬‬ ‫‪ ١-٩‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺃ‬ ‫@@‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫‪  : ‬‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪   ‬‬

‫‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫א‪ ‬‬

‫‪RX‬‬ ‫‪ ٢-٩‬ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬

‫‪RY‬‬ ‫‪ -١٠‬ﺤﺎﻤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺠﺎﺕ‬

‫‪SP‬‬ ‫‪ -١١‬ﺤﻨﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬

‫‪SR‬‬ ‫‪ -١٢‬ﻤﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫‪SR‬‬ ‫‪ ١-١٢‬ﻤﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ‬

‫‪SR‬‬ ‫‪ ٢-١٢‬ﻤﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫‪SS‬‬ ‫‪ ١٣‬ﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ )ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ(‬

‫‪@ @SS‬‬ ‫‪ ١٤‬ﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ‬

‫‪ST‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬

‫‪ ‬‬

‫ﺏ‬ ‫@@‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫‪  : ‬‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪   ‬‬

‫‪‬א‪ ‬‬

‫‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺘﺜﺒﻴﺕ ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪١‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﻷﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺇﻨﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﺭﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺓ‬ ‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪٧‬‬ ‫ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﻟﺼﻨﺎﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺒﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺓ‬ ‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻷﺤﺩ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ )ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻏﻁﺎﺕ(‬ ‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪٩‬‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺠﻴﺏ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﺄﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻅﺎﺭ ﺒﺎﻷﺭﺼﻔﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻅﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪ ١٠‬‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻭﺭ ﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﻤﺸﺎﻜل ﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪١٢‬‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺘﺜﺒﻴﺕ ﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻭﻴﺔ(‬ ‫‪٧‬‬
‫‪١٥‬‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺠﻴﺏ ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫‪٨‬‬
‫‪١٦‬‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻭﺭ ﻟﻜﺒﺎﺌﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺘﻑ‬ ‫‪٩‬‬
‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺸﺎﺩﻱ ﻟﻤﻅﻠﺔ ﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬
‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﺭﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪١١‬‬
‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﺭﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫‪١٢‬‬
‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﺭﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪١٣‬‬
‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﺭﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪١٤‬‬
‫‪٢٣‬‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎل ﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﻉ‬ ‫‪١٥‬‬
‫‪ ٢٥‬‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎل ﻷﻏﻁﻴﺔ ﺃﺤﻭﺍﺽ ﺍﻷﺸﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪١٦‬‬
‫‪٢٧‬‬ ‫ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺸﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﻓﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪١٧‬‬
‫‪٢٨‬‬ ‫ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺸﺎﺩﻱ ﻟﻤﻘﺎﻋﺩ ﻁﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ‬ ‫‪١٨‬‬
‫‪٢٩‬‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺸﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺎﻤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬
‫‪ ٣١‬‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭ ﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺤﻨﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫‪ ٣٣‬‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎل ﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺏ )ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ( ﺒﺎﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻫﻥ‬ ‫‪٢١‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫ﺝ‬ ‫@@‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫‪  : ‬‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪   ‬‬

‫‪‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬‬
‫‪ ٤‬‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻹﻀﺎﺀﺓ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻓﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪١‬‬
‫‪ ٥‬‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻹﻀﺎﺀﺓ ﺒﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺓ‬ ‫‪٢‬‬

‫‪١٣‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﺍﻹﺭﺸﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺔ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﺼﻨﺎﺩﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫‪٣‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬

‫ﺩ‬ ‫@@‬
‫‪ ‬‬
   :  –    

  J١
،
 ‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،KKK
 

 K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 

 ‫א‬  J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
E١F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE١F ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 WE٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١
 K {‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  J٢
 KE١F
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  J٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬E F ‫א‬  J٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
٦{١٤{٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٦
‫א‬EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

١ @@
 
   :  –    

 
 
 

E١F‫א‬W‫א‬

 ‫א‬E١F

٢ @@
 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬١{١٠٠{٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٧
K‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{
‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٨
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٦٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٩
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬  J١١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  J١٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٤
 K‫א‬٢٠
 K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  J١٥
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٦
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٧
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٨
‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
  
٣ @@
 
   :  –    

 
E١F‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬

   L  ‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬F  ‫א‬
Lux Foot-candles
 ١٥  ١{٤  
 ١٣  ١٣  ١{٢    
 ١١  ١  
 ٢٢  ٢  
 ١٣  ١٥  ١{٤    
 ١١  ١  
 ١٣  ١{٢  
 ١٣  ١٠  ٠{٩    
 ٦  ٠{٦  
 ١٠  ٠{٩  
 ١٦  ٦  ٠{٦    
 ٥  ٠{٥  
  E٣F‫א‬W‫א‬

 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬٪٤٠‫א‬{‫א‬  
E٤F‫א‬‫א‬  
 
 
 

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 
   :  –    

 
 ‫א‬٢ J٢
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢F

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬

 L  ‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬F  ‫א‬
Lux Foot-candles
 ١٠  ٠{٩  
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦  ٠{٦  
 G‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥  ٠{٥  
 ١٣
 ٤٣  ٤  GG‫א‬
 ٥{٤  ٠{٥  GG‫א‬
 ٦{٥  ٠{٦  GG‫א‬
E٣F‫א‬W‫א‬  

 
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E٢F‫א‬K ‫א‬
 WE٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٦{٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 
 
 

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 
   :  –    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢F

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 
   :  –    

 

 ‫א‬٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬{K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J٣
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
‫א‬E F‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣F

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E٤F‫א‬٦{٤{٢‫א‬{‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬FK‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥F‫א‬
 
 
‫א‬E٥F‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦{
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٥‫א‬{ ‫א‬
K‫א‬٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦
 

 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤F

٨ @@
 
   :  –    

WE٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٥٠
K‫א‬‫א‬٠{٥٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١٥٠F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬٣٠ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥F

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 
   :  –    

 
 
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥F‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬EF
 
 

‫ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﻗﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﺒﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﻗﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﺒﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ‬

‫ﺇﻋﺎﻗﺔ ﺒﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺅﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎﻑ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁﻊ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﻗﻤﺎﻤﺔ‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F
 

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬٤
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J٤
{K‫א‬{ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٣٠‫א‬٠{٦٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٤ 

KE٦‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬ •

K‫א‬Estopping sight distanceF‫א‬ •

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
K ‫א‬{ ‫א‬{ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

،‫א‬ •

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E٧F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬١{٢٠١{٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٢{٤٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣
 

 
 ‫א‬،K٣{٦٠
 ،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٤٠
٣٠٠٢٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣F‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  E٦F‫א‬W‫א‬

E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٧F

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 
   :  –    

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
EFEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EFEF‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
٣{٠ ٣{٦<
‫א‬١٠٠٠٠
 
٢{٤ ٣{٦  
٠
‫א‬١٠٠٠٠١٥٠٠
 
٠{٣٠٠{٢٠ ٢{٤ ٣{٠  
‫א‬١٥٠٠١٠٠
 
١{٨ ٢{٤  
G٠{٢٠ ‫א‬١٠٠
 
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
 ٠{١٥  ٠{٣٠٠{٢٠
 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 
E٦F‫א‬ W‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬،G
 

١٣ @@
 
   :  –    

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J٤
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬EturnoutF‫א‬‫א‬E٣F‫א‬
{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  E٨F‫א‬K

‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬L
 ١٥‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬١W٢٠٢{٤٠‫א‬
L٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، E٨F
K ‫א‬‫א‬،L
 ١٠‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

،E٨F‫א‬،١W٢٠‫א‬‫א‬٣{٦٠
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬L
 ٧٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ ،KL
 ٤٠‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬٤٠٠٠٣٠٠٠
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

١٤ @@
 
   :  –    

 

 
 
 
 
E٦F‫א‬W‫א‬

 
 
 
 ‫א‬E٨F

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬ ٥
K ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬٠{٨٠{ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬١{٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٩F

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 
   :  –    

‫א‬‫א‬ ٦
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
٢{٤٤K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬١{٥٠{ ‫א‬٠{٩٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{
 
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F ‫א‬
 J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠F

١٧ @@
 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧
 KE٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬٢٥
K‫א‬‫א‬٩
‫א‬‫א‬{
 ٠{٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬٢{١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٧
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE١١‫א‬F٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٠{٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE١١
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٧
 W‫א‬{E١٢‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K٦‫א‬
 K١{٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١{٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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 
   :  –    
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E٦F‫א‬W‫א‬
 
  E٧F‫ א‬W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E٧F‫ א‬W‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢F
 

١٩ @@
 
   :  –    

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٧
 WE١٣F‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢١٥‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E٦x ٢{٥F
 K٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K ١٠‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٧
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬{E١٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬٤{٥٠‫א‬
 K٢١{٢٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 
 

٢٠ @@
 
   :  –    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  E٧F‫א‬W‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E٧F‫א‬W‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F

٢١ @@
 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٨

 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J٨
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬٢ J٨
  ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE١٥F‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬٠{٣٦‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬K 
،٥٠٠٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠٠‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٤٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬٢٠ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{

 
 

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 
   :  –    

K‫א‬٤٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢{٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٠{٨٠x٠{٨٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
K
K٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬E١٥F
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬K٢{٥٠‫א‬‫א‬
K٣{٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K{
 ٠{٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
١{٠٠C١{٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬١{٢٠C١{٢٠‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٤٠C٠{٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
K٥٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٨
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ {
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K
K{ ‫א‬E F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ { ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬
K٨٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦٠ ™

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤٠ ™

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠ ™

‫א‬٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬٩‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬{‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E١٦F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٢٤ @@
 
   :  –    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٦F

٢٥ @@
 
   :  –    

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥ J٨
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E ٤–٣‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٠‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ™

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ™

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ™

K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 
   :  –    

 WEKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬٩

 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J٩
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE١٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬{
 ‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٤٠٠٥٠٠٣٠٠
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F
 

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬٢ J٩
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬ { ،
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{E١٨‫א‬F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣٥٠٤٠٠
 ٤٥٠٤٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
٤٠٠٥٠٠٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٧٥٠{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ {
 {
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬١{٠٠‫א‬

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٨F
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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬‫א‬١٠
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١٩F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٤‫א‬{
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٩F

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬ J١١
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

K  ‫א‬   ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ E٨F{E٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
٤٠‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬١{١٠‫א‬‫א‬
E٤٦F‫א‬{ ‫א‬E٩٠F‫א‬  J٢
K‫א‬‫א‬
{
 ‫א‬{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   J٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E١{٢F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ {
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٤٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٧
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٨
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
KE١{٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٩

 

٣٠ @@
 
   :  –    

 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١٠
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬E١٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬
KE٤٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠F

٣١ @@
 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J١٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠F
‫א‬K
 E٠{٩٢F‫א‬‫א‬ {
 ‫א‬‫א‬
{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 WE٥‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
K‫א‬
{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J١٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

K E٢٠ J١٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ { ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬
K 

٣٢ @@
 
   :  –    

 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬١٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬
 

K٣‫א‬{‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬E٢١F ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٢١F

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EK‫א‬KKKKKK{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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 
   :  –    

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬–٣٥٠‫א‬– ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  J١

K٢٠٠٤
Idaho State Transportation Department (Traffic Manual- Part 350: Illumination) United
States of America, 2004.

‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٢

KE١٩٨٤–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
AASHTO (An Informational Guide for Roadway Lighting), Washington D. C., United
States of America, 1984.

‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫–א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F  J٣

K١٩٩٩‫א‬

‫א‬ J ‫א‬W٢٢ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬FF‫א‬‫א‬  J٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬W١١ J١

‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٥

K٢٠٠٢ J١٤٢٥ J‫א‬

E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٦
KE٢٠٠١–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
AASHTO (A Guide for Erecting Mailboxes on Highways), Washington D. C., United
States of America, 2001.

 J‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٧
 K١٤٢٣–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٨

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