Lecture 10 Inference About Means and Proportions With Two Populations - Exercises

CH 10 - Inference About Means and Proportions with Two Populations
Multiple Choice
1. If we are interested in testing whether the proportion of items in population 1 is larger than the proportion of items in
population 2, the
a. null hypothesis should state p1 - p2 < 0.
b. null hypothesis should state p1 - p2 > 0.
c. alternative hypothesis should state p1 - p2 > 0.
d. alternative hypothesis should state p1 - p2 < 0.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:BSST.ASWC.17.10.04 - Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population
Proportions
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AK - DISC: Hypothesis Testing
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand
2. To compute an interval estimate for the difference between the means of two populations, the t distribution
a. is restricted to small sample situations.
b. is not restricted to small sample situations.
c. can be applied when the populations have equal means.
d. can be applied only when the populations have equal standard
deviations.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.10.02 - Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means:
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AK - DISC: Interval Estimation
3. When developing an interval estimate for the difference between two population means with sample sizes of n1 and n2,
a. n1 must be equal to n2.
b. n1 must be smaller than n2.
c. n1 must be larger than n2.
d. n1 and n2 can be of different sizes.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:BSST.ASWC.17.10.02 - Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means:
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
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4. To construct an interval estimate for the difference between the means of two populations when the standard deviations
of the two populations are unknown and it can be assumed the two populations have equal variances, we must use a t
distribution with (let n1 be the size of sample 1 and n2 the size of sample 2)
a. (n1 + n2) degrees of freedom.
b. (n1 + n2 - 1) degrees of freedom.
c. (n1 + n2 - 2) degrees of freedom.
d. (n1 - n2 + 2) degrees of freedom.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
5. When each data value in one sample is matched with a corresponding data value in another sample, the samples are
known as
a. corresponding samples.
b. matched samples.
c. independent samples.
d. pooled samples.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AK - DISC: Statistical Inference
6. Two independent simple random samples are taken to test the difference between the means of two populations whose
variances are not known, but are assumed to be equal. The sample sizes are n1 = 32 and n2 = 40. The correct distribution
to use is the
a. t distribution with 73 degrees of
freedom.
b. t distribution with 72 degrees of
freedom.
c. t distribution with 71 degrees of
freedom.
d. t distribution with 70 degrees of
freedom.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply
7. Two independent simple random samples are taken to test the difference between the means of two populations whose
standard deviations are not known, but are assumed to be equal. The sample sizes are n1 = 25 and n2 = 35. The correct
distribution to use is the
a. t distribution with 61 degrees of
freedom.
b. t distribution with 60 degrees of
freedom.
c. t distribution with 59 degrees of
freedom.
d. t distribution with 58 degrees of
freedom.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
8. If two independent large samples are taken from two populations, the sampling distribution of the difference between
the two sample means
a. can be approximated by any distribution.
b. will have a variance of one.
c. can be approximated by a normal
distribution.
d. will have a mean of one.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known

9. The standard error of - is the

a. pooled estimator of - .
b. variance of the sampling distribution of - .
c. standard deviation of the sampling distribution of -
.
d. margin of error of - .
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
10. The sampling distribution of - is approximated by a

a. normal distribution.
b. t distribution with n1 + n2 degrees of freedom.
c. t distribution with n1 + n2 - 1 degrees of freedom.
d. - distribution.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Proportions
11. Salary information regarding male and female employees of a large company is shown below.
Male Female
Sample Size 64 36
Sample Mean Salary (in $1000) 44 41
Population Variance ( ) 128 72
The point estimate of the difference between the means of the two populations is
a. -28.
b. 3.
c. 4.
d. -4.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Male Female
Sample Size 64 36
The standard error of the difference between the two sample means is
a. 4.
b. 7.46.
c. 4.24.
d. 2.0.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Male Female
Sample Size 64 36
At 95% confidence, the margin of error is

a. 1.960.
b. 1.645.
c. 3.920.
d. 2.000.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Male Female
Sample Size 64 36
The 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means of the two populations is
a. 0 to 6.92.
b. -2 to 2.
c. -1.96 to 1.96.
d. -.92 to 6.92.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Male Female
Sample Size 64 36
If you are interested in testing whether or not the population average salary of males is significantly greater than that of
females, the test statistic is
a. 2.0.
b. 1.5.
c. 1.96.
d. 1.645.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known

Male Female
Sample Size 64 36
females, the p-value is
a. .0668.
b. .0334.
c. .1336.
d. .9332.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Male Female
Sample Size 64 36
females, at α = .05, the conclusion is that the population
a. average salary of males is significantly greater than females.
b. average salary of males is significantly lower than females.
c. salaries of males and females are equal.
d. average salary of males is greater than females cannot be
proved.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
18. The following information was obtained from matched samples taken from two populations.
The daily production rates for a sample of workers before and after a training program are shown below. Assume the
population of differences is normally distributed.
Worker Before After
1 20 22
2 25 23
3 27 27
4 23 20
5 22 25
6 20 19
7 17 18
The point estimate for the difference between the means of the two populations is
a. -1.
b. -2.
c. 0.
d. 1.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
Worker Before After
1 20 22
2 25 23
3 27 27
4 23 20
5 22 25
6 20 19
7 17 18
The null hypothesis to be tested is H0: μd = 0. The test statistic is

a. -1.96.
b. 1.77.
c. 0.
d. 1.00.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
Matched Samples
Worker Before After
1 20 22
2 25 23
3 27 27
4 23 20
5 22 25
6 20 19
7 17 18
Given that the null hypothesis to be tested is H0: μd = 0,

a. the null hypothesis should be rejected.
b. the null hypothesis should not be rejected.
c. the alternative hypothesis should be
revised.
d. the null hypothesis should be revised.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
21. A statistics teacher wants to see if there is any difference in the abilities of students enrolled in statistics today and
those enrolled five years ago. A sample of final examination scores from students enrolled today and from students
enrolled five years ago was taken. You are given the following information.
Today Five Years Ago
82 88
σ2 112.5 54
n 45 36
a. 58.5.
b. 9.
c. -9.
d. -6.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
82 88
σ2 112.5 54
n 45 36
The standard error of - is

a. 12.9.
b. 9.3.
c. 4.
d. 2.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
82 88
σ2 112.5 54
n 45 36
The 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means is
a. -9.92 to -2.08.
b. -3.08 to 3.92.
c. -13.84 to -1.16.
d. -24.77 to 12.23.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
82 88
2
σ 112.5 54
n 45 36
The test statistic for the difference between the two population means is
a. -.47.
b. -.65.
c. -1.5.
d. -3.0.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
82 88
σ2 112.5 54
n 45 36
The p-value for the difference between the two population means is
a. .0013.
b. .0026.
c. .4987.
d. .9987.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
82 88
σ2 112.5 54
n 45 36
What is the conclusion that can be reached about the difference in the average final examination scores between the two
classes? (Use a .05 level of significance.)
a. There is a statistically significant difference in the average final examination scores between the two classes.
b. There is no statistically significant difference in the average final examination scores between the two
classes.
c. It is impossible to make a decision on the basis of the information given.
d. The students who enrolled in statistics today are the same students who enrolled five years ago.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
27. The following information was obtained from independent random samples taken of two populations.
Assume normally distributed populations with equal variances.
Sample 1 Sample 2
Sample Mean 45 42
Sample Variance 85 90
Sample Size 10 12
a. 0.
b. 2.
c. 3.
d. 15.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
Sample 1 Sample 2
Sample Mean 45 42
Sample Size 10 12

a. 3.0.
b. 4.
c. 8.372.
d. 19.48.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
Sample 1 Sample 2
Sample Mean 45 42
Sample Size 10 12
The degrees of freedom for the t distribution are

a. 22.
b. 21.
c. 24.
d. 20.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Unknown

Sample 1 Sample 2
Sample Mean 45 42
Sample Size 10 12
The 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means is (use rounded standard error)
a. -5.344 to 11.344.
b. -5 to 3.
c. -4.86 to 10.86.
d. -2.65 to 8.65.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
31. The following information was obtained from matched samples taken from two populations. Assume the population of
differences is normally distributed.
Individual Method 1 Method 2
1 7 5
2 5 9
3 6 8
4 7 7
5 5 6
The point estimate for the difference between the means of the two populations (Method 1 - Method 2) is
a. -1.
b. 0.
c. -4.
d. 2.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
1 7 5
2 5 9
3 6 8
4 7 7
5 5 6
The 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means is
a. -3.776 to 1.776.
b. -2.776 to 2.776.
c. -1.776 to 2.776.
d. -1.776 to 1.776.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
1 7 5
2 5 9
3 6 8
4 7 7
5 5 6
The null hypothesis tested is H0: μd = 0. The test statistic for the difference between the two population means is
a. 2.
b. 0.
c. -1.
d. -2.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples

1 7 5
2 5 9
3 6 8
4 7 7
5 5 6
If the null hypothesis H0: μd = 0 is tested at the 5% level,

a. the null hypothesis should be rejected.
b. the null hypothesis should not be rejected.
c. the alternative hypothesis should be
revised.
d. the null hypothesis should be revised.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
35. The management of a department store is interested in estimating the difference between the mean credit purchases of
customers using the store's credit card versus those customers using a national major credit card. You are given the
following information.
Store's Card Major Credit Card
Sample size 64 49
Sample mean $140 $125
Population standard deviation $10 $8
A point estimate for the difference between the mean purchases of all users of the two credit cards is
a. 2.
b. 18.
c. 265.
d. 15.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known

Sample size 64 49

a. 1.694.
b. 3.32.
c. 1.96.
d. 15.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
Sample size 64 49
A 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the average purchases of all customers using the two
different credit cards is
a. 13.31 to 16.69.
b. 11.68 to 18.32.
c. 12.22 to 17.78.
d. 13.04 to 16.96.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
38. In order to estimate the difference between the average hourly wages of employees of two branches of a department
store, the following data have been gathered.
Downtown Store North Mall Store
Sample size 25 20
Sample mean $9 $8
Sample standard deviation $2 $1
A point estimate for the difference between the two population means is
a. 1.
b. 2.
c. 3.
d. 4.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
39. In order to estimate the difference between the average hourly wages of employees of two branches of a department
store, the following data have been gathered.
Sample size 25 20
Sample mean $9 $8
Sample standard deviation $2 $1
A 95% interval estimate for the difference between the two population means is
a. .071 to 1.929.
b. .226 to 1.774.
c. 1.09 to 4.078.
d. 1.078 to 2.922.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
40. In order to determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the mean hourly wages paid by two
companies (of the same industry), the following data have been accumulated.
Company A Company B
Sample size 80 60
Sample mean $16.75 $16.25
Population standard deviation $1.00 $.95
A point estimate for the difference between the two population means is
a. 20.
b. .50.
c. .25.
d. 1.00.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Company A Company B
Sample size 80 60
The test statistic is

a. .098.
b. 1.645.
c. 2.75.
d. 3.01.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Company A Company B
Sample size 80 60
The p-value is
a. .0013.
b. .0026.
c. .0042.

d. .0084.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
Company A Company B
Sample size 80 60
At the 5% level of significance, the null hypothesis

a. should be rejected.
b. should not be rejected.
c. should be revised.
d. should not be tested.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
44. Two major automobile manufacturers have produced compact cars with engines of the same size. We are interested in
determining whether or not there is a significant difference in the mean MPG (miles per gallon) when testing for the fuel
efficiency of these two brands of automobiles. A random sample of eight cars from each manufacturer is selected, and
eight drivers are selected to drive each automobile for a specified distance. The following data (in miles per gallon) show
the results of the test. Assume the population of differences is normally distributed.
Driver Manufacturer A Manufacturer B
1 32 28
2 27 22
3 26 27
4 26 24
5 25 24
6 29 25
7 31 28
8 25 27
The mean of the differences is

a. .5.
b. 1.5.
c. 2.0.
d. 2.5.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
1 32 28
2 27 22
3 26 27
4 26 24
5 25 24
6 29 25
7 31 28
8 25 27
The test statistic is

a. 1.616.
b. 1.906.
c. 2.096.
d. 2.256.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples

1 32 28
2 27 22
3 26 27
4 26 24
5 25 24
6 29 25
7 31 28
8 25 27
At α = .10, the null hypothesis

a. should not be rejected.
b. should be rejected.
c. should be revised.
d. should not be tested.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
47. The results of a recent poll on the preference of shoppers regarding two products are shown below.
Shoppers Favoring
Product Shoppers Surveyed
This Product
A 800 560
B 900 612
The point estimate for the difference between the two population proportions in favor of this product is
a. .07.
b. .68.
c. .44.
d. .02.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.10.04 - Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population
Proportions
Product Shoppers Surveyed Shoppers Favoring
This Product
A 800 560
B 900 612

a. .025.
b. .044.
c. .0225.
d. .68.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
Proportions
Shoppers Favoring
This Product
A 800 560
B 900 612

a. .064.
b. .044.
c. .0225.
d. .025.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
Proportions
Shoppers Favoring
This Product
A 800 560
B 900 612
The 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the populations favoring the products is
a. -.024 to .064.
b. .6 to .7.
c. -.024 to .7.
d. .046 to .066.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Proportions
51. An insurance company selected samples of clients under 18 years of age and over 18 and recorded the number of
accidents they had in the previous year. The results are shown below.
Under Age of 18 Over Age of 18
n1 = 500 n2 = 600
Number of accidents = 180 Number of accidents = 150
We are interested in determining if the accident proportions differ between the two age groups. Let pu represent the
proportion under and po the proportion over the age of 18. The null hypothesis is
a. pu - po ≤ 0.
b. pu - po ≥ 0.
c. pu - po ≠ 0.
d. pu - po = 0.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Proportions
n1 = 500 n2 = 600
We are interested in determining if the accident proportions differ between the two age groups.
The pooled estimator of the population proportion is
a. .305.
b. .300.
c. .027.
d. .450.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Proportions
n1 = 500 n2 = 600
We are interested in determining if the accident proportions differ between the two age groups. The p-value is
a. less than .001.
b. more than .10.
c. .0228.
d. .3.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
Proportions
54. The results of a recent poll on the preference of teenagers regarding the types of music they listen to are shown below.
Teenagers Favoring
Music Type Teenagers Surveyed
This Type
Pop 800 384
Rap 900 450
The point estimate of the difference between the two population proportions is
a. -.02.
b. .048.
c. .52.
d. -.5.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Proportions
55. The results of a recent poll on the preference of teenagers regarding the types of music they listen to are shown below.
Teenagers Favoring
Music Type Teenagers Surveyed
This Type
Pop 800 384
Rap 900 450
The 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population proportions is
a. .5 to .52.
b. .48 to .5.
c. .028 to .068.
d. -.068 to .028.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
Proportions
56. In testing the null hypothesis H0: μ1 - μ2 = 0, the computed test statistic is z = -1.66. The corresponding p-value is
a. .0485.
b. .0970.
c. .9515.
d. .9030.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Known
57. Of the two production methods, a company wants to identify the method with the smaller population mean completion
time. One sample of workers is selected and each worker first uses one method and then uses the other method. The
sampling procedure being used to collect completion time data is based on
a. worker samples.
b. pooled samples.
c. independent
samples.
d. matched samples.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
58. Regarding inferences about the difference between two population means, the sampling design that uses a pooled
sample variance in cases of equal population standard deviations is based on
a. research samples.
b. pooled samples.
c. independent
samples.
d. conditional samples.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
BSST.ASWC.17.10.03 - Inferences About the Difference Between Two Population Means:
Matched Samples
59. In hypothesis tests about p1 - p2, the pooled estimator of p is a(n)

a. simple average of and .
b. weighted average of and .
c. geometric average of and .
d. exponential average of and .
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Proportions

60. The sampling distribution of - is approximated by a normal distribution if _____ are all greater than or equal to
5.
a. n1p2, p2(1 - n2), n2p1, p1(1 - n1)
b. n1p1, p1(1 - n1), n2p2, p2(1 - n2)
c. n1p2, n1(1 - p2), n2p1, n2(1 - p1)
d. n1p1, n1(1 - p1), n2p2, n2(1 - p2)
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Proportions
61. Generally, the ________ sample procedure for inferences about two population means provides better precision than
the _______ sample approach.
a. single, independent
b. independent, pooled
c. matched, independent
d. matched, pooled
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
Matched Samples
Subjective Short Answer
62. In order to estimate the difference between the average yearly incomes of marketing managers in the East and West of
the United States, the following information was gathered.
East West
n1 = 40 n2 = 45
= 72 (in $1000) = 78 (in $1000)
s1 = 6 (in $1000) s2 = 8 (in $1000)
Develop an interval estimate for the difference between the average yearly incomes of the
a.
marketing managers in the East and West. Use 95% confidence.
At α = .05, use the p-value approach and test to determine if the average yearly income of
b.
marketing managers in the East is significantly different from those in the West.
ANSWER: a. -9.033 to -2.967
b. Test statistic t = -3.937 (df = 80), p-value < .005, reject H0 and conclude that there is a
significant difference.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
United States - AK - DISC: Interval Estimation
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply | Bloom's: Understand
63. In order to estimate the difference between the average daily sales of two branches of a department store, the
following data has been gathered.
Sample size n1 = 23 days n2 = 26 days
Sample mean (in $1000) = 37 = 34
Sample standard deviation (in $1000) s1 = 4 s2 = 5
a. Determine the point estimate of the difference between the population means.
b. Determine the degrees of freedom for an interval estimation.
c. Compute the margin of error.
d. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means.
ANSWER: a. 3
b. 46 (rounded down from 46.56)
c. 2.591
d. 3 ± 2.591 (In dollars, it will be from $409 to $5591.)
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
United States - AK - DISC: Statistical Inference
64. A potential investor conducted a 144-day survey in each of the North Mall and South Mall theaters in order to
determine the difference between the average daily attendance at these two theaters. The North Mall theater averaged 630
patrons per day; while the South Mall theater averaged 598 patrons per day. From past information, it is known that the
variance for North Mall is 1000; while the variance for the South Mall is 1304. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the
difference between the average daily attendance at the two theaters.
ANSWER: 24.16 to 39.84 (rounding: 24 to 40)
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known

65. A comparative study of organic and conventionally grown produce was checked for the presence of E. coli. Results
are summarized below. Is there a significant difference in the proportion of E. coli in organic vs. conventionally grown
produce? Test at α = .10.
Sample Size E. coli Prevalence
Organic 200 3
Conventional 500 20
ANSWER: H0: p1 - p2 = 0
Ha: p1 - p2 ≠ 0
z = -1.68, p-value = .093; reject H0; yes, there is a significant difference in the proportion of
E. coli in organic vs. conventional produce.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
66. In order to estimate the difference between the average miles per gallon of two different models of automobiles,
samples are taken and the following information is collected.
Model A Model B
Sample Size 60 55
Sample Mean 28 25
At 95% confidence, develop an interval estimate for the difference between the average miles
a.
per gallon for the two models.
Is there conclusive evidence to indicate that one model gets a higher miles per gallon than the
b.
other? Why or why not? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. 1.7 to 4.3 miles per gallon
Because the range of the interval is from positive to positive, it indicates that there is
b.
conclusive evidence (at 95% confidence) that Model A has a larger mean.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
67. The following information is given concerning the ACT scores of high school seniors from two local schools.
School A School B
n1 = 14 n2 = 15
= 25 = 23
= 16 = 10
Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the two population means. Assume the two
populations are normally distributed.
ANSWER: -.637 to 4.637
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
68. Independent random samples taken on two university campuses revealed the following information concerning the
average amount of money spent on textbooks during the fall semester. The population standard deviations are also shown
below.
University A University B
Sample Size 50 40
Average Purchase $260 $250
Standard Deviation (σ) $20 $23
We want to determine if, on the average, students at University A spent more on textbooks than the students at University
B.
a. Compute the test statistic.
b. Compute the p-value.
c. What is your conclusion? Let α = .05.
ANSWER:
a. z = 2.17
b. p-value = .015
c. p-value = .015 < .05; reject H0 and conclude that students at University A spent more
than students at University B.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
69. Maxforce, Inc., manufactures racquetball racquets by two different manufacturing processes (A and B). Because the
management of this company is interested in estimating the difference between the average time it takes each process to
produce a racquet, they selected independent samples from each process. The results of the samples and the population
variances are shown below.
Process A Process B
Sample Size 32 35
Sample Mean (in minutes) 43 47
Population Variance (σ2) 64 70
Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the average time taken
a.
by the two processes.
Is there conclusive evidence to prove that one process takes longer than the other? If yes, which
b.
process? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. -7.92 to -.08
Yes, because the range of the interval is from a negative to a negative value, it indicates
b.
that process B takes longer.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
70. The management of Regional Hospital has made substantial improvements in their hospital and would like to test and
determine whether there has been a significant decrease in the average length of stay of their patients in their hospital. The
following data has been accumulated before and after the improvements. At the 5% level, test to determine if there has
been a significant reduction in the average length of stay.
After Before
Sample size 45 58
Mean (in days) 4.6 4.9
Standard Deviation (σ) .5 .6
a. Formulate the hypotheses.

b. Compute the test statistic.
Using the p-value approach, test to see if there has been a significant reduction in the average
c.
length of stay. Let α = .05.
ANSWER:
H0: μafter - μbefore ≥ 0
a.
Ha: μafter - μbefore < 0
b. -2.77
c. p-value = .0028. Reject H0, and conclude the length of stay has been reduced.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
71. In order to determine whether or not a driver's education course improves the scores on a driving exam, a sample of 6
drivers were given the exam before and after taking the course. The results are shown below. Assume the population of
Let d = Score After - Score Before.

Score Score
Driver Before the Course After the Course
1 83 87
2 89 88
3 93 91
4 77 77
5 86 93
6 79 83

Using α = .05 and the p-value approach, test to see if taking the course actually increased
b.
scores on the driving exam.
ANSWER:
a. Test statistic t = 1.391
b. p-value (.1115) is between .1 and .2, do not reject H0 and conclude that there is not
sufficient evidence to show that the course increased the scores.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
72. Of 200 UTC seniors surveyed, 60 were planning on attending Graduate School. At UTK, 400 seniors were surveyed
and 100 indicated that they were planning to attend Graduate School.
Determine a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the proportion of
a.
seniors at the two universities who were planning to attend Graduate School.
Is there conclusive evidence to prove that the proportion of students from UTC who plan to go
b.
to Graduate School is significantly more than those from UTK? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. -.026 to .126
b. No, because the range of the interval is from a negative to a positive value.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
73. Of 300 female registered voters surveyed, 120 indicated they were planning to vote for the incumbent president; while
of 400 male registered voters, 140 indicated they were planning to vote for the incumbent president.
At α = .05, test to see if there is a significant difference between the population proportions of
b.
females and males who plan to vote for the incumbent president. (Use the p-value approach.)

ANSWER:
a. z = 1.35
b. p-value = .177, do not reject H0. It cannot be concluded that there is a significant
difference between the two population proportions.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
74. Of 150 Chattanooga residents surveyed, 60 indicated that they participated in a recycling program. In Knoxville, 120
residents were surveyed and 36 claimed to recycle.
Determine a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the proportion of
a.
residents recycling in the two cities.
From your answer in Part a, is there sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant
b.
difference in the population proportion of residents participating in the recycling program?
ANSWER:
a. -.0134 to .2134
b. No, because the interval for the proportions ranges from a negative to a positive value.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
75. Consider the following results for two samples randomly taken from two normal populations.
Sample I Sample II
Sample Size 28 35
Sample Mean 48 44
Population I Population II
Standard Deviation 9 10
a. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means.
b. Is there conclusive evidence that one population has a larger mean? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. -.70 to 8.70
b. No, because the range of the interval is from negative to positive.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
76. The business manager of a local health clinic is interested in estimating the difference between the fees for extended
office visits in her center and the fees of a newly opened group practice. She gathered the following information regarding
the two offices.
Health Clinic Group Practice
Sample size 50 visits 45 visits
Sample mean $21 $19
Standard deviation (σ) $2.75 $3.00
Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the average fees of the two offices.
ANSWER: $.84 to $3.16
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
77. A random sample of 89 tourists in Chattanooga showed that they spent an average of $2860 (in a week) with a
standard deviation of $126; and a sample of 64 tourists in Orlando showed that they spent an average of $2935 (in a week)
with a standard deviation of $138. We are interested in determining if there is any significant difference between the
average expenditures of all the tourists who visited the two cities.
a. Determine the degrees of freedom for this test.
c. Compute the p-value.
d. What is your conclusion? Let α = .05.
ANSWER:
a. 128
b. Test statistic t = -3.438
c. p-value < .005
d. p-value < .05, reject H0. There is a significant difference.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
78. Among a sample of 50 M.D.'s (medical doctors) in the city of Memphis, Tennessee, 10 indicated they make house
calls; while among a sample of 100 M.D.'s in Atlanta, Georgia, 18 said they make house calls. Determine a 95% interval
estimate for the difference between the proportion of doctors who make house calls in the two cities.
ANSWER: -.114 to .154
POINTS: 1
Proportions
79. Consider the following results for two samples randomly taken from two populations.
Sample A Sample B
Sample Size 31 35
Sample Mean 106 102
Sample Standard Deviation 8 7
a. Determine the degrees of freedom for the t distribution.

b. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means.
ANSWER:
a. 60
b. .277 to 7.723
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
Sample A Sample B
Sample Size 25 38
Sample Mean 66 60
a. What are the degrees of freedom for the t distribution?

b. At 95% confidence, compute the margin of error.
c. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means.
ANSWER:
a. 60
b. 3.026
c. 2.974 to 9.026
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
Sample A Sample B
Sample Size 20 25
Sample Mean 28 22

b. At 95% confidence, what is the margin of error?
c. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means.
ANSWER:
a. 42
b. 3.31
c. 2.69 to 9.31
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
82. During the primary elections of 1996, candidate A showed the following pre-election voter support in Tennessee and
Mississippi.
Voters who Favored
Voters Surveyed
Candidate A
Tennessee 500 295
Mississippi 700 357
Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the proportion of voters
a.
who favored candidate A in the two states.
Is there conclusive evidence that one of the two states had a larger proportion of voters'
b.
support? If yes, which state? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. .023 to .137
Yes, the range of interval is from positive to positive, indicating Tennessee had the larger
b.
support to candidate A.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
Sample A Sample B

Sample Size 28 30
Sample Mean 24 22

b. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means.
c. Is there conclusive evidence that one population has a larger mean? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. 49
b. -1.753 to 5.753
c. No, because the interval ranges from negative to positive.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
84. The results of a recent poll on the preference of voters regarding the presidential candidates are shown below.
Voters Favoring
Voters Surveyed This Candidate
Candidate A 200 150
Candidate B 300 195
Develop a 90% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the population
a.
proportion of voters favoring each candidate.
Does your confidence interval provide conclusive evidence that one of the candidates is
b.
favored more? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. .032 to .168
Yes, the range of interval is from positive to positive, indicating Candidate A had the
b.
larger support.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
85. Consider the following hypothesis test:
μ1 - μ2 ≤ 0
μ1 - μ2 > 0
The following results are for two independent samples taken from two populations.

Sample 1 Sample 2
Sample Size 35 34
Sample Mean 43 37

c. Determine the p-value and test the above hypotheses. Let α = .05
ANSWER:
a. 65
b. Test statistic t = 2.0
c. p-value (.0248) is between .01 and .025, reject H0
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
86. The following are the results about the test scores of two samples of students from University A and University B on a
national statistics examination. The population standard deviations are also shown below. Develop a 95% confidence
interval estimate for the difference between the mean scores of the two populations.
University A University B
Scores Scores
n 64 87
86 83
σ 6 8
ANSWER: .767 to 5.233
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
87. In order to estimate the difference between the average mortgages in the southern and the northern states of the United
States, the following information was gathered.
South North
Sample Size 40 45
Sample Mean (in $1000) $170 $175
Sample Standard Deviation (in $1000) $5 $7
a. Compute the degrees of freedom for the t distribution.

Develop an interval estimate for the difference between the average of all mortgages in the
b.
South and North. Let α = .05.

ANSWER:
a. 79
b. -7.605 to -2.395 (in thousands of dollars)
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
88. Using the following data regarding the ages (in years) of full-time and part-time students, develop an interval estimate
for the difference between the mean ages of the two populations. Use 95% confidence. The degrees of freedom for the t
distribution is 106.
Full-Time Part-Time
27 24
s 1.5 2
n 50 60
ANSWER: 2.345 to 3.655 years
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
89. Independent random samples of managers' yearly salaries (in $1000) taken from governmental and private
organizations provided the following information. At a .05 level of significance, test to determine if there is a significant
difference between the average salaries of the managers in the two sectors.
Government Private
80 75
s 9 10
n 28 31
ANSWER:
H0: μ1 - μ2 = 0
Ha: μ1 - μ2 ≠ 0
df = 56; test statistic t = 2.021; p-value (two-tailed) is between .02 and .05; reject H0; there is
a significant difference between the average salaries in two populations.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown

90. Independent random samples taken at two local malls provided the following information regarding purchases by
patrons of the two malls.
Hamilton Place Eastgate
Sample Size 85 93
Average Purchase $143 $150
Standard Deviation (s) $22 $18
We want to determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the average purchases by the patrons of the
two malls.
a. Give the hypotheses for the above.
c. At a .05 level of significance, test the hypotheses.
ANSWER:
H0: μ1 - μ2 = 0
a.
Ha: μ1 - μ2 ≠ 0
b. t = -2.311
c. p-value (.0208) is between .02 and .05 (two-tailed), reject H0; there is a significant
difference between the average purchases in two populations.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
91. Recently, a local newspaper reported that part-time students are older than full-time students. In order to test the
validity of its statement, two independent samples of students were selected.
Full-Time Part-Time
(in years) 26 24
s 2 3
n 42 31
a. Give the hypotheses for the above.

b. Determine the degrees of freedom.
c. Compute the test statistic.
Using α = .05, test to determine whether or not the average age of part-time students is
d.
significantly more than full-time students.
ANSWER:
H0: μp - μf ≤ 0
a.
Ha: μp - μf > 0
b. 49
c. test statistic t = -3.221
d. p-value (.0011) is less than .005, reject H0; the average age of part-time students is

significantly more.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
92. The daily production rates (in units per hour) for a sample of factory workers before and after a training program are
shown below. Let d = After - Before.
Worker Before After

1 6 9
2 10 12
3 9 10
4 8 11
5 7 9
We want to determine if the training program was effective. Assume the population of differences is normally distributed.
a. Give the hypotheses for this problem.
Using α = .05, test the hypotheses. That is, did the training program actually increase the production
c.
rates?
ANSWER:
H0: μd ≤ 0
a.
Ha: μd > 0
b. test statistic t = 5.88
c. p-value (.0021) is less than .005, reject H0; yes, the training program increased the
production rates.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
93. In a sample of 40 Democrats, 6 opposed the President's foreign policy; while of 50 Republicans, 8 were opposed to his
policy. Determine a 90% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the proportions of the opinions of the
individuals in the two parties.
ANSWER: -.136 to .116
POINTS: 1
Proportions
94. In a sample of 100 Republicans, 60 favored the President's anti-drug program. While in a sample of 150 Democrats,
84 favored his program. At α = .05, test to see if there is a significant difference in the proportions of the Democrats and
the Republicans who favored the President's anti-drug program.
ANSWER:
H0: p1 - p2 = 0
Ha: p1 - p2 ≠ 0
z = .63; p-value = .5286 (using the normal distribution); do not reject H0; it cannot be
concluded that there is a significant difference between the two population proportions.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
95. In a random sample of 200 Republicans, 160 opposed the new tax laws; while in a sample of 120 Democrats, 84
opposed. Determine a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the proportions of Republicans and
Democrats who opposed this new law.
ANSWER: .001 to .199
POINTS: 1
Proportions
96. Two independent random samples of annual starting salaries for individuals with masters and bachelors degrees in
business were taken and the results are shown below.
Masters Bachelors
Degree Degree
Sample Size 33 30
Sample Mean (in $1000) 58 54
Sample Standard Deviation (in $1000) 2.4 2
a. What are the degrees of freedom for the t distribution?

Provide a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the population mean
b.
salaries of the two groups.
ANSWER:
a. 60
b. 2.89 to 5.11 (in thousands of dollars)
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
97. During the recent primary elections, the democratic presidential candidate showed the following pre-election voter
support in Alabama and Mississippi.
Voters Favoring the
State Voters Surveyed Democratic Candidate
Alabama 800 440
Mississippi 600 360
We want to determine whether or not the proportions of voters favoring the Democratic
a.
candidate were the same in both states. Provide the hypotheses.
c. Determine the p-value; and at a .05 level of significance, test the above hypotheses.
ANSWER:
H0: p1 - p2 = 0
a.
Ha: p1 - p2 ≠ 0
b. z = -1.87
c. p-value = .0614 (using the normal distribution); do not reject H0; it cannot be concluded
that there is a significant difference between the two population proportions.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
98. A test on world history was given to a group of individuals whose scores are recorded. A film on the world history
was then presented and the test was conducted again whose scores are also recorded. The results are given below. We
want to determine if the film significantly increased the test scores. Assume the population of differences is normally
distributed. (For the following matched samples, let the difference d = After - Before.)
Individual After Before
1 92 86
2 86 88
3 89 84
4 90 90
5 93 85
6 88 90
7 97 91
a. Give the hypotheses for this problem.

c. At the .05 level of significance, test the hypotheses.
ANSWER:
H0: μd ≤ 0
a.
Ha: μd > 0
b. t = 1.888
c. p-value (.054) is between .05 to .10; do not reject H0; it cannot be concluded that the film
significantly increased the test scores.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
99. In order to improve the grades of students at UTC, several incentive programs have been introduced. Results of
random samples of grades from after and before the incentive programs are given below. Assume the two populations are
normally distributed.
After Incentives Before incentives
Sample Size 14 12
Sample Mean 2.85 2.61
Sample Standard Deviation .40 .35
Sample Mode 2.5 3.0
a. Give the hypotheses.

Using a .10 level of significance, test to determine whether the incentive programs have
c.
significantly increased the average grades.
ANSWER:
H0: μafter - μbefore ≤ 0
a.
Ha: μafter - μbefore > 0
b. t = 1.632
c. p-value is between .05 to .10, reject H0; the incentive programs have significantly
increased the average grades.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
100. Samples of employees of Companies A and B provided the following information regarding the ages of employees.
Company A Company B
Sample Size 32 36
Average Age (in years) 42 47

Develop a 97% confidence interval for the difference between the average ages of the employees of the two companies.
ANSWER: -7.721 to -2.279
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
101. Test scores on a standardized test from samples of students from two universities are given below.
UA UB
Sample Size 28 41
Average Test Score 84 82
Provide a 98% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the mean test scores of the two universities.
ANSWER: -3.184 to 7.184
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
102. The following table shows the monthly sales (in units) of six salespersons before and after a bonus plan was
introduced. Using α = .05, determine whether the bonus plan has increased sales significantly. Assume the population of
differences is normally distributed. (For the following matched samples, let the difference d = After - Before.)
Monthly Sales
Salesperson After Before
1 94 90
2 82 84
3 90 84
4 76 70
5 79 80
6 85 80
ANSWER:
H0: μd ≤ 0
Ha: μd > 0
t = 2.054; p-value is between .025 and .05; reject H0; the bonus plan has increased
sales significantly.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples

103. The office of records at a university has stated that the proportion of incoming female students who major in business
has increased. A sample of female students taken several years ago is compared with a sample of female students this
year. Results are summarized below. Has the proportion increased significantly? Test at α = .10.
No. of Females Majoring in

Sample Size
Business
Previous Sample 250 50
Present Sample 300 69
ANSWER:
H0: ppres - pprev ≤ 0
Ha: ppres - pprev > 0
z = .85; p-value = .1977; do not reject H0; there is no sufficient evidence to
conclude that the proportion has increased significantly.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
104. The following information is gathered from random samples of day and evening students regarding the number of
semester hours they take.
Day Evening
16 12
s 4 2
n 140 160
Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the mean semester hours taken by the two groups
of students.
ANSWER: 3.269 to 4.731 hours
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
105. The following data present the number of computer units sold per day by a sample of 6 salespersons before and after
a bonus plan was implemented.
Salesperson Before After
1 3 6
2 7 5
3 6 6
4 8 7
5 7 8
6 9 8
Using a .05 level of significance, test to see if the bonus plan was effective. That is, did the bonus plan actually increase
sales? Assume the population of differences is normally distributed. Let d = After - Before.
ANSWER:
H0: μd ≤ 0
Ha: μd > 0
t = 0; p-value = .5, do not reject H0; it cannot be concluded that
the bonus plan has increased sales significantly.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
106. Zip, Inc. manufactures Zip drives on two different manufacturing processes. Because the management of this
company is interested in determining if process 1 takes less manufacturing time, they selected independent samples from
each process. The results of the samples are shown below.
Process 1 Process 2
Sample Size 27 22
Sample Mean (in minutes) 10 14
a. State the null and alternative hypotheses.

b. Determine the degrees of freedom for the t test.
c. Compute the test statistic
Using α = .05, test to determine if there is sufficient evidence to indicate that process 1 takes a
d.
significantly shorter time to manufacture the Zip drives.
ANSWER:
H0: μ1 - μ2 ≥ 0
a.
Ha: μ1 - μ2 < 0
b. 39
c. -3.042
d. p-value (.0021) is less than .005, thus, reject H0 and conclude process 1 takes shorter
time.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
107. A credit company has gathered information regarding the average amount (in $) owed by people under 30 years of
age and by people over 30 years by taking independent random samples from both age groups. You are given the
Under 30 Over 30
600 550
n 200 300
σ2 361 400
Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the population average amounts owed by the two age
groups.
ANSWER: $46.528 to $53.472
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
108. In order to estimate the difference between the average age of male and female employees at the Young Corporation,
the following information was gathered. Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate.
Male Female
Sample Size 32 36
Sample Mean (in years) 25 23
ANSWER: -.449 to 4.449 years

POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
109. A recent Time magazine reported the following information about a sample of workers in Germany and the United
States.
United States Germany
Average length of workweek (hours) 42 38
Sample Size 600 700
We want to determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the average workweek hours in the United
States and the average workweek hours in Germany.
a. State the null and the alternative hypotheses.
c. Compute the p-value. What is your conclusion? Let α = .01.
ANSWER:
H0: μU - μG = 0
a.
Ha: μU - μG ≠ 0
b. Test statistic t = 13.1
p-value is less than .005 (almost zero); reject H0 and conclude there is a significant
c. difference between the average workweek hours in the United States and the average
workweek hours in Germany.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
110. Allied Corporation is trying to determine whether to purchase Machine A or B. It has leased the two machines for a
month. A random sample of 5 employees has been taken. These employees have gone through a training session on both
machines. Below you are given information on their productivity rate on both machines. (Let the difference d = Machine
A - Machine B.)
Productivity Rate
Person Machine A Machine B
1 47 52
2 53 58
3 50 47
4 55 60
5 45 53
Assume the population of differences is normally distributed.

a. State the null and alternative hypotheses for a lower tail test.
b. Find the mean and standard deviation for the difference.
c. Compute the test statistic.
d. Test the null hypothesis, stated in Part a, at the 10% level.
ANSWER:
H0: μd ≥ 0
a.
Ha: μd < 0
b. -4 and 4.123
c. t = -2.169
d. p-value (.048) < .10, reject H0
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples

111. The reliability of two types of machines used in the same manufacturing process is to be tested. The first machine
failed to operate correctly in 90 out of 300 trials while the second type failed to operate correctly in 50 out of 250 trials.
a. Give a point estimate of the difference between the population proportions of these machines.
b. Calculate the pooled estimate of the population proportion.
Carry out a hypothesis test to check whether there is a statistically significant difference in the
c.
reliability for the two types of machines using a .10 level of significance.
ANSWER:
a. .10
b. .2545
c. test statistic z = 2.68, p-value = .0074, reject H0; there is a statistically significant
difference in the reliability for the two types of machines.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
112. A company attempts to evaluate the potential for a new bonus plan and decides to use the bonus plan for a trial
period. The weekly sales volume achieved by a sample of 4 salespersons before and after implementing the bonus plan is
shown below. (For the following matched samples, let the difference d = After - Before.)
Weekly Sales (in units)
Salesperson Before After
1 48 44
2 48 40
3 38 36
4 44 50
Assume the population of differences is normally distributed.

a. State the hypotheses.
Use α = .05 and test to see if the bonus plan will result in an increase in the mean weekly sales
c.
for the company.
ANSWER:
H0: μd ≤ 0
a.
Ha: μd > 0
b. t = -.679
c. p-value (.2729) > .2, do not reject H0; there is no sufficient evidence to conclude that the
bonus plan will result in an increase in the mean weekly sales.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
113. The following information was obtained from matched samples regarding the productivity (in units per hour) of four
individuals using two different methods of production.
1 6 8
2 9 5
3 7 6
4 7 5
5 8 6
6 9 5
7 6 3
Let d = Method 1 - Method 2. Is there a significant difference between the mean productivity of the two methods? Let α
= .05. Assume the population of differences is normally distributed.
ANSWER:
H0: μd = 0
Ha: μd ≠ 0
Test statistic t = 2.542, p-value (.044) is between .02 and .05; reject H0; there is a significant
difference between the productivity of the two methods.
POINTS: 1
Matched Samples
114. The results of a recent poll on the preference of voters regarding presidential candidates are shown below.
Voters Voters Favoring
Candidate Surveyed This Candidate
A 400 192
B 450 225
Using α = .05, test to determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the preferences for the two
candidates.
ANSWER:
H0: pA - pB = 0
Ha: pA - pB ≠ 0
z = -.58; p-value = .562; do not reject H0; it cannot be concluded that there is a
significant difference between the preferences.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
115. A potential investor conducted a 49-day survey in each of the North Mall and South Mall theaters in order to
determine the difference between the average daily attendance at these two theaters. The North Mall theater averaged 720
patrons per day with a variance of 100; while the South Mall theater averaged 700 patrons per day with a variance of 96.
Develop an interval estimate for the difference between the average daily attendance at the two theaters. Use a confidence
coefficient of .95.
ANSWER: 16.03 to 23.97 rounding 16 to 24
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
116. From production line A, a sample of 500 items is selected at random, and it is determined that 30 items are defective.
In a sample of 300 items from production process B (which produces identical items to line A), there are 12 defective
items. Determine a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the proportion of defectives in the two
lines.
ANSWER: -.01 to .05
POINTS: 1
Proportions
117. Two independent samples are drawn from two populations, and the following information is provided.
Sample 1 Sample 2
n 34 52
55 65
s 14 18
We want to test the following hypotheses.
H0: μ1 - μ2 ≥ 0
Ha: μ1 - μ2 < 0
a. Determine the degrees of freedom.

At the 5% level, test the hypotheses. Assume the two populations are normally distributed and
c.
have equal variances.

ANSWER:
a. 81
b. t = -2.887
c. p-value (.0025) < .005, reject H0
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
118. In order to estimate the difference between the average yearly salaries of top managers in private and governmental
organizations, the following information was gathered.
Private Governmental
Sample Size 50 60
Sample Mean (in $1000s) 90 80
Sample Standard Deviation
(in $1000s) 6 8
Develop an interval estimate for the difference between the average yearly salaries of top managers of the two sectors.
Use 95% confidence and give your answers in dollars.
ANSWER: $7380 to $12,620
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Unknown
119. Independent random samples taken at two companies provided the following information regarding annual salaries
of the employees. The population standard deviations are also given below.
Company A Company B
Sample Size 72 50
Sample Mean (in $1000) 48 43
Population Standard Deviation (in $1000) 12 10
We want to determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the average
a.
salaries of the employees at the two companies. Compute the test statistic.
b. Compute the p-value; and at α = .05, test the hypotheses.
ANSWER:
a. test statistic z = 2.5
b. p-value = .0124 < .05, thus, reject H0 and conclude there is a significant difference in the
average salaries.
POINTS: 1
σ1 and σ2 Known
120. A poll was taken this year asking college students if they considered themselves overweight. A similar poll was taken
five years ago. Results are summarized below. Has the proportion increased significantly? Let α = .05.
Number Considered
Sample Size
Themselves Overweight
Present Sample 300 150
Previous sample 275 121
ANSWER: H0: p1 - p2 ≤ 0
Ha: p1 - p2 > 0
z = 1.44; p-value = .0749; do not reject H0; there is no sufficient evidence to conclude that the
proportion has increased significantly.
POINTS: 1
Proportions
121. Babies weighing less than 5.5 pounds at birth are considered “low-birth-weight babies.” In the United States, 7.6% of
newborns are low-birth-weight babies. The following information was accumulated from samples of new births taken
from two counties.
Hamilton Shelby
Sample size 150 200
Number of low-birth-weight babies 18 22
Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the proportions of
a.
low-birth-weight babies in the two counties.
Is there conclusive evidence that one of the proportions is significantly more than the other? If
b.
yes, which county? Explain, using the results of part (a). Do not perform any test.
ANSWER: a. -.0577 to .0777
Because the range of the interval is from negative to positive, there is no indication that
b.
one proportion is significantly different (at 95% confidence) from the other.
POINTS: 1
Proportions

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CH 10 - Inference About Means and Proportions with Two Populations

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9. The standard error of - is the

10. The sampling distribution of - is approximated by a

At 95% confidence, the margin of error is

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The null hypothesis to be tested is H0: μd = 0. The test statistic is

Given that the null hypothesis to be tested is H0: μd = 0,

The standard error of - is

The standard error of - is

The degrees of freedom for the t distribution are

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If the null hypothesis H0: μd = 0 is tested at the 5% level,

Store's Card Major Credit Card

At 95% confidence, the margin of error is

The test statistic is

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At the 5% level of significance, the null hypothesis

The mean of the differences is

The test statistic is

Driver Manufacturer A Manufacturer B

At α = .10, the null hypothesis

The standard error of - is

At 95% confidence, the margin of error is

59. In hypothesis tests about p1 - p2, the pooled estimator of p is a(n)

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Subjective Short Answer

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a. Formulate the hypotheses.

Let d = Score After - Score Before.

a. Compute the test statistic.

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a. Determine the degrees of freedom for the t distribution.

a. What are the degrees of freedom for the t distribution?

a. Determine the degrees of freedom for the t distribution.

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a. Determine the degrees of freedom for the t distribution.

85. Consider the following hypothesis test:

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a. Determine the degrees of freedom for the t distribution.

a. Compute the degrees of freedom for the t distribution.

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a. Give the hypotheses for the above.

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Worker Before After

a. What are the degrees of freedom for the t distribution?

a. Give the hypotheses for this problem.

a. Give the hypotheses.

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No. of Females Majoring in

a. State the null and alternative hypotheses.

ANSWER: -.449 to 4.449 years

Assume the population of differences is normally distributed.

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Assume the population of differences is normally distributed.