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3 - CentumVP Engineering Course Day 3
3 - CentumVP Engineering Course Day 3
3 - CentumVP Engineering Course Day 3
High-Speed Scan
The high-speed scan is a scan period suited for the process control
that requires high-speed response. Select “50 ms ”, “100 ms” ,“200
ms” ,“250 ms” or “500 ms.”
“The default is “200 ms.”
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PID Function Block Detail - Basic
The input signal conversion is the function that converts the input signal read from the
input module or other function blocks into process variable (PV) or calculated input
value (RV) according to the signal type.
• Direct action
The control action in which the manipulated output value (MV) increases as the
process variable (PV) increases, or decreases as the process variable decreases.
• Reverse action
The control action in which the manipulated output value (MV) decreases as the
process variable (PV) increases, or increases as the process variable decreases.
PV MV PV MV
AUT
PID
40 39 50 40
DV = pv – sv ≈ 0 DV = pv – sv <> 0
mv = 0 or mv = constant. mv
PID AUT-IMAN
PID
PID
Measure Tracking
M = Y/N
MAN = Y/N A-C = Y/N
AUT-CND or AUT-IMAN = N C-C = N M = Y/N
CAS-CND or CAS-IMAN = N
A-C = N
C-C = N
PID
M = Y/N
CAS-IMAN
A-C = Y/N PID
C-C = N
M = Y/N PID
A-C = Y/N
M = Y/N
C-C = Y/N A-C = N
C-C = N
CAS
AUT IMAN
sv1
50 50 55 44
pv1
mv1 mv1 back tracks sv2
PID
sv2
PID Difference
of 11
AUT
AUT sv1
pv1
mv1
50 50 55 55
PID
sv2
PID
In order to activate the double authentication for confirmation, [Double Authentication] setting on
the Function Block Detail Builder must be set to [Yes]. And the tag mark of the function block
must be set as [Important].
Any users, excluding the user of [Name1] and the default users (OFFUSER/ONUSER/ENGUSER)
can be act as the user of [Name2] for double authentication.
In the HIS Security Policy Settings,[Password Required for Confirmation] also needs to be
checked.
This is a help message that the user can freely define. The user can define help messages to
explain the function and operating procedure for user-defined windows or help messages to
explain the function block.
As for the user-definable help message, define the arbitrary message to the help message
number between HW0001 and HW9999 in the Help Message Builder.
The maximum size of one help message is 21 lines; each line can contain 70 single-byte
characters.
The manipulated output value (MV) may be displayed in percentage (%) or real amount.
The real amount display is the same way as process variable (PV) and setpoint value
(SV) that reflects the amount in a specific engineering unit.
When displayed in percentage (%), the MV is converted into percentage and displayed
in %MV. The display may be defined on the Function Block Details Builder. When %
display is defined, the following parameters are displayed in percentage (%).
MV, OPHI, OPLO, MH, PMV
When the reverse scale display is specified, the low limit is displayed at the top of
the scale and the high limit at the bottom of the scale.
In the standard display of a function block faceplate, the high limit displays at the top and
the low limit displays at the bottom. To designate the MV reverse-display may upside-down
the standard display
This function displays two indexes in the manipulated output value (MV) scale on the
operation monitoring window of the operation and monitoring function.
By setting these indexes at the operable limits of the manipulated output values (MV), they
can be used as manipulation guides in the manual mode, or as guides for verifying normal
status in the automatic mode.
When the data status of input signal becomes invalid (BAD), the PV overshoot function
overshoots the process variable (PV), or upscales it to scale high-limit or downscales it to
scale low-limit.
The following table shows the relationship between the cause for invalidity (BAD) and
process variable (PV) when the PV overshoot is used
Table: Reason for Invalidity (BAD) and Overshoot Value
The measure value (PV)are limited by the high limit of the scale (SH) and the low limit of
the scale (SL).
If a value is greater than SH, the SH value will be used; while if a value is smaller than SL,
the SL value will be used.
•The data status of measurement value (PV) will be kept as normal (NR) not indicated as
a bad value (BAD). However, this inhibition only valid for IOP and IOP- alarms, the data
status will become bad by other abnormalities.
•The block will continue its control actions without performing MAN Fallback.
•The measurement value (PV) will become the value in accordance with the setting of
[PV Overshoot].
•If the measurement value (PV) is in calibration status (CAL), the PV will keep the value
set from HIS.
•According to the Input Open Alarm setting, input open alarm as well as other process
alarms will be initiated.
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PID Function Block Detail – Alarm
With the alarm processing level, the alarm priority level can be specified for each function
block or element.
There are 16 levels, 1 to 16, for alarm processing. The alarm priority and alarm colors of all
alarms occurred in a function block or an element are defined for each processing level.
•Level1
All alarms initiated from the function block or the element are “High-priority alarms.”
•Level2
All alarms initiated from the function block or the element are “Medium-priority
alarms.”
•Level3
All alarms initiated from the function block or the element are “Low-priority alarms.”
•Level4
All alarms initiated from the function block or the element are “Logging alarms.”
The definitions for level1 to level4 are fixed for a whole system. The alarm priorities
and colors for level5 to level16 can be defined by users.
The input open alarm check is a function that determines whether the input values read
from the field by the I/O module is out of the range of the high and low limit input open
detection setpoint values.
The high-limit input open alarm (IOP) is initiated when it is determined that the input
value exceeds the input open high detection setpoint value. Similarly, the low-limit input
open alarm (IOP-) is initiated when the input value is below the low-limit input open
detection setpoint value.
The high and low limit input open alarm (IOP, IOP-) indicates that a failure such as
severed wires in the detection terminal or transmitter has occurred.
The input high-high and low-low limit alarm check is a function that determines whether
the input process variable (PV) is out of the range of the high-high and low-low limit alarm
setpoint value (HH, LL).
The input high and low limit alarm check is a function that determines whether the process
variable (PV) is within the range of the high and low limit alarm setpoint values (PH, PL).
Figure: Input High-High and Low-Low Figure: Input High and Low Limit Alarm Check
Limit Alarm Check
The deviation alarm check is a function that determines whether the absolute value of the
deviation (DV=PV-SV) between the process variable (PV) and the setpoint value (SV)
exceeds the absolute value of the deviation alarm setpoint value (DL). When it is determined
that the former exceeds the latter, a deviation alarm in the positive direction (DV+) is
activated if the deviation is in the positive direction. Similarly, if the deviation is in the
negative direction, a deviation alarm in negative direction (DV-) is activated
The output open alarm check is a function that determines the data status received from
the I/O module.
Based on the data status (OOP) received from the I/O module, an output open alarm
(OOP) is activated.
This alarm indicates that the control output line has been physically severed.
When “Automatic Determination” is selected, the engineering unit and scale range of the
manipulated output value (MV) change according to the connected destination of the
OUT terminal.
When “User Define” is selected, set the engineering unit and scale range for the
manipulated output value (MV). The engineering unit and the range should be the same
as the output destination.
When online-downloading to an FCS, the constants are compared to the current saved tuning
parameters for a modified function block. If those are not identical, the constants will override
the existing tuning parameters on the FCS. The saved tuning parameters take precedence over
the constants upon offline downloading to an FCS, while the constants take precedence over
the unsaved tuning parameters upon initial offline downloading to an FCS.
PT. Yokogawa Indonesia – Training Service Center
All rights reserved 2009 Page.42
Sequence Control
The sequence control follows each control step in sequence according to predefined
conditions and order. The function block that executes sequence control function is
referred to as the sequence control block.
Sequence Table controls the monitoring of processing and the phase step
sequences by connecting with other function blocks, process I/O, and software
I/O.
Logic Chart is used to combine or arrange the signals of other function blocks,
process I/O and software I/O into an application for interlock sequence control.
Label name of
the step Rule numbers
currently in Step labels
progress
Condition Condition
signals rules
Operation Operation
signals rules
Signal comment/
Tag comment
A logic chart with 32 inputs, 32 outputs and 64 logic elements (LC64) is provided.
Tag Mark
Alarm
Tag Name Logic Process Timing
Gates Block Mode Status
Actions
Conditions
Process Timing:
• TE : Periodic start (T), output each time condition is satisfied (E)
• OE :One-shot start (O), output each time condition is satisfied (E)
• I : On initial cold start/restart (I)
• B : On initial cold start (B)
The color of the line changes according to the progress of the process.
A data value indicating the When the output wiring for the input
completion status element is completed, it is displayed in
(complete:1,incomplete:0) is red, and in green when incomplete.
displayed on the wiring.
Mp
ss
tr: Rise Time
Mp: Overshoot
ts: Settling Time
ss: Steady State Error
tr
ts
When the function block mode is remote cascade (RCAS) or remote output (ROUT), the function block
receives the setpoint value (SV) or manipulated output value (MV) from a supervisory system
computer via Control bus communication.
When the computer fails, the block changes mode to the preset computer backup mode
(MAN, AUT or CAS) which indicates that an abnormality has been detected in the supervisory
computer. When the computer recovers, the block returns to the mode before the
change.
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PID Function Block Detail - Basic
No-Conversion Output
The manipulated output value (MV) resulted from the control-calculation process is
No-Conversion output.
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PID Function Block Detail - Basic
• Fully-open/Tightly shut:
Choose “Yes” or “No”. The default setting is “Yes.”
• Output Value for tight-shut (Ms): The actual output value for tight-shut.
Setting range is -17.19 to 117.19 % (5 significant figures).
Default is -17.19 % for direct output setting, and -6.25 % for reverse output setting.
• Output Value for full-open (Mf): The actual output value for full-open.
Setting range is -17.19 to 117.19 % (5 significant figures).
Default is 106.25 % for direct output setting, and 117.19 % for reverse output setting.
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PID Function Block Detail - Tag
When function blocks such as sequence control blocks change block mode, the event
recording function sends the status change message from FCS to HIS to inform the operator.
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PID Function Block Detail - Alarm
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PID Function Block Detail – Control
Calculation
The control period of the controller block is a time period that the controller block
executes control calculation and output processing during automatic operation
(AUT, CAS, RCAS).
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PID Function Block Detail – Control
Calculation
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PID Function Block Detail – Control
Calculation
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PID Function Block Detail – Control
Calculation
The AUT fallback is an error processing function that switches the block mode from cascade
(CAS) or primary direct (PRD) to automatic (AUT) when the AUT fallback condition is
established. Thus the set value of the control loop can be set by the operator.
The AUT fallback condition is established when the data status of the cascade setpoint value
(CSV) become invalid (BAD) or communication error (NCOM).
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PID Function Block Detail – Control
Calculation
When the computer fail is detected, the function block suspends the action in
the remote cascade (RCAS) mode or remote output (ROUT) mode temporarily
and switches to the computer backup mode.
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PID Function Block Detail – Output
It is a function to limit the amount of change between the previous and current
output values, so as to prevent abrupt changes in the output value.
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PID Function Block Detail – Output
The auxiliary output is used when output a signal through the SUB terminal to a
destination other than the final control element. The signal is often used as
compensation data to other function blocks, or to the indicator outside of the FCS, etc.
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PID Function Block Detail – Output
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PID Function Block Detail – Output
When the output action for auxiliary output is set to “Positional Output Action,”
the output values (MV, ∆MV, PV, or ∆PV) can be set in the connection destination
as it is.
Also, when set to the “Velocity Output Action” type, the value read back from the
connection destination is added to the output value and set in the connection
destination.
• In positional output action, the output value connects to its destinations unchanged.
• In velocity output action, the amount of change for the current output (∆MV) is
added to the value read back from the connection destination of the output terminal.
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PID Function Block Detail - Alarm
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