6.

6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction - the bottom line

The learning Statements

The can you statements tell you what you notes should enable you to do. They are guidance
to a minimum expectation. The deeper your understanding the easier you will find it to
respond to questions and communicate your understanding.

6.6.U1 Insulin and glucagon are secreted by beta and alpha cells of the pancreas
respectively to control blood glucose concentrations.
Can you explain the control of blood glucose concentration with reference to glucagon,
insulin alpha cells, beta cells and the pancreas?

6.6.A1 Causes and treatment of Type I and Type II diabetes.

Can you distinguish between the causes and effects of type I and type II diabetes?

Can you distinguish between the treatment of type I and type II diabetes?

6.6.U2 Thyroxin is secreted by the thyroid gland to regulate the metabolic rate and help
control body temperature.
Can you state the organ of secretion and the target of thyroxin?

Can you outline the main roles of thyroxin?

6.6.U3 Leptin is secreted by cells in adipose tissue and acts on the hypothalamus of the
brain to inhibit appetite.
Can you state the tissue of secretion and the target of leptin?

Can you outline the main effect of leptin?

6.6.A2 Testing of leptin on patients with clinical obesity and reasons for the failure to control
the disease.
Can you outline the discovery of the ob/ob mice and how this linked to the role of leptin?
Can you outline why the trial to treat obese humans with leptin failed?

6.6.U4 Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland to control circadian rhythms.

Can you state the meaning of the term circadian rhythm?

Can you state the organ of secretion and the target of melatonin?

Can you list the effects Melatonin has upon our bodies?

6.6.A3 Causes of jet lag and use of melatonin to alleviate it.

State symptoms of jet lag.
Can you state the cause of jet lag and list the symptoms experienced by sufferers?

Can you describe how melatonin could be used to treat or lessen the effects of jet lag?