DETAILED LESSON PLAN FOR GRADE 10

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the discussion, the learners should be able to:
a. differentiate probability of simple event, probability of compound event and
probability of complementary of an event.
b. illustrates probability of simple event, probability of compound event and
probability of complementary of an event.
c. show teamwork and cooperation through active participation in group
activities.
M10SP-Illg-1

II. SUBJECT MATTER

a. Topic: PROBABILITY OF UNION OF TWO EVENTS
b. References:
 Mathematics Learner’s Module
c. Materials: PowerPoint presentation, Manila Paper

III. PROCEDURE
TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES STUDENTS’ ACTIVITIES
A. Routinary Activities
 Greetings

Good morning class! Good morning, ma’am.

How are you today? We are all good, ma’am.

 Prayer
Please everybody standup and let us
pray. Lead the prayer Ms. Precious
Let us bow our head and feel the
presence of the Lord.
Our Father in heaven, holy be thy name,
thy kingdom come, thy will be done on
earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day
our daily bread and forgive us our
trespasses as we forgive those who
trespass against us. Do not bring us to the
test but deliver us from evil, Amen.

 Checking of attendance None, ma’am.

Who is absent today?

Very good.
B. Review of the Past Lesson

Alright! Last meeting what have we discuss, Mr. We discuss about the Events, Union and
Jhonmark? Intersection of events, ma’am.

Yes, that is right.

What is Experiment, again? It is the activity with an observable result,

ma’am.
Very good.
C. Motivation
Now, before we proceed to our next discussion,
take a look at this.

Which one will you choose?

(The learners answers may vary).

BLACK or WHITE?

From the choices above, how many percent that

you will choose math? 50%, ma’am.
What do you think is our lesson today?
It is all about probability, ma’am.
That is right. Our Lesson for today is all about
Probability.
D. Lesson Proper

Our lesson for today is Probability of Union of

two events.

When we say Probability, what comes first to your Chances, ma’am.

mind?

Yes, very good.

Now, let us define Probability. Kindly Read Mr. Probability is the chance of occurrence of
an event or the likelihood for an event to
Stephen.
take place.

Thank you, Mr. Stephen. So, it means more

chances if we say probability.
Next, Probability of an event. Please read Ms. Probability of an event is the ratio of the
Sem kaye. number of possible outcomes in the event
n(E) to the number of all outcomes n(S)
in the sample space.
Thank you, Ms. Sem kaye. We will write this in
n(E)
symbol, P ( E )= .
n( S)
Yes, ma’am.
Last meeting, we already tackled about the Events
or favorable outcomes and sample space, right?
Ma’am, event is any subset and sample
What do we mean about event or favorable space.
outcome again?
All possible outcomes from the
Very good. How about sample space? experiment.

That is right.

Before we go to the problem solving about the

Probability of an event, let us have a review of a
cardinality of a set.

Cardinality of a set refers to the number of

elements of the set.

We will use this to find the Probability of an

event. For example, let us find the number of
elements of set A, B and S. (The learners are listening).

A={ 2,3,4 } B={6,7,8,9,10} S={2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10 }

For us to find the cardinality of a set, we will only

count the elements.

n ( A ) =3 n ( B )=5

n ( S )=8
Yes, ma’am.
Do you get it, class?

So, let us now move in finding the probability of

simple and compound of event.

Example. If a card is drawn randomly from a deck

of 52 cards, find the probability of getting:

a. A red (r)
b. A heart (h)
c. An ace (A)
 d. A face card (F)
13 diamonds, 13 hearts, 13 clubs and 13
So before answering this problem, let us be spades, ma’am.
familiar first with the cards. A deck of cards is
composed of 52 cards. So, what are those, Faye?

2 ma’am the red cards and the black

Alright, very good. cards.
Alright let us find the probability of getting a red.
How many colors do we see in the card? 26, ma’am.
That is right. Our red card are the diamonds and
the hearts which is composed of how many cards,
mark? 52, ma’am.
Excellent. 26 is the number of possible outcomes
of an event. Alright, what is our number of all
possible outcomes in the sample space, Romel?

That is right. Thank you, Romel.

n( E)
Let us write our formula, P ( E )= . Substitute
n(S)
26 as the number of possible outcomes of an event
and 52 as the number of all possible outcomes in
sample space.
26 1 Yes, ma’am.
P ( E )= ∨ . So, the probability of getting a red
52 2
is ½.

Take note: if you will get the probability of n(E) 13 1

P ( E )= = ∨ . The probability of
something it should not be more than 1. The n( S) 52 4
probability of an event should be 0-1 only. It is not getting a heart is ¼, ma’am.
more than 1 and less than 0. Is that clear?

b. Probability of getting a heart. Who wants to try? n(E) 4 1

P ( E )= = ∨ . The probability
Yes, Ms. Jane. n( S) 52 13
of getting an ace is 1/13, ma’am.

Excellent. Thank you, Ms. Jane.

Okay, next letter c. What is the probability of n ( E ) 12 3

getting an ace, Mr. Jack? P ( E )= = ∨ . The probability of
n ( S ) 52 13
getting a face card is 3/13, ma’am.

Thank you, Jack. Very good!

How about letter d. What is the probability of

getting a face card, Mr. John?

That’s right. Thank you, John.

n(E) 1
Let’s have example 2. In tossing a coin, find the P ( E )= = ∨50 % . The probability
n(S) 2
following:
of getting a tail is ½ or 50%, ma’am.
a. Probability of getting a tail.
b. Probability of getting a head
n(E) 1
P ( E )= = ∨50 % . The probability
Janna, try to solve letter a. n(S) 2
of getting a head is also ½ or 50%,
ma’am.
Very good, Janna.

Try to solve the probability of getting a head,

Christian.

That’s is right, Christian. Very good.

n(E) 4 2
P ( E )= = ∨ . The probability of
Another example. In rolling a die, find the n( S) 6 3
probability of the following. getting at least 3 is 2/3, ma’am.
a. Getting at least 3.
b. Getting greater than 6.

Who wants to solve letter a? yes, James? Kindly

answer it on the board.

Alright. Very good, James.

Letter b, getting greater than 6. Everybody, eyes

on the board. None, ma’am.

In getting greater than 6. We need to list down Zero, ma’am.

first all the possible outcome or the sample space.
So, we have S= {1,2,3,4,5,6} hence, the
cardinality n(s)=6. In our sample space, do we
have number that greater that 6? Yes, ma’am.
Alright. So, what is our cardinality of events?

n(E) 0
Very good. In symbol, P ( E )= = =0 . The
n(S) 6
probability of getting greater than 6 is 0.

Do you want one more example?

Alright, let’s have example 4. A box contains n(E) 11
P ( E )= = . The probability of
marbles of the following colors: 3 red, 7 blue, and n( S) 21
11 green. Find the probability of the following: getting a green marble is 11/21, ma’am.
a. Getting a green marble
b. Getting a blue marble n(E) 7 1
c. Getting a red or blue P ( E )= = = . The probability of
n( S) 21 3
Who wants to solve letter a? Yes, Kate? Kindly getting a green marble is 1/3, ma’am.
answer it on the board.

Very good, Kate. How about getting a blue Union, ma’am.

marble, Syrille?

That is right, Syrille. Letter c, getting a red or

blue. What do we mean again when we have “or”
in our statement? What we will use, intersection or
union?
Yes, ma’am.
Yes, very good. So, we will add 3 and 7.
The complement of an event is the set of
n( E) 10 all outcomes that are not in the event.
P ( E )= = . The probability of getting a
n( S) 21
red or blue marble is 10/21.

Do you get it, class?

Alright, let us move in Complementary of an

event. Kindly read its definition, Sam. (The learners are listening).

Thank you, Sam. This means that if the

probability of an event, E, is P(E), then the
probability that the event would not occur is 1-
P(E) denoted by P(E). Thus, P(E’) = 1-P(E).

Example 1. PAG ASA forecasted that the

probability of rainfall for next day is 30%. What is
the probability that it will not rain?

Here, just change the percentage into decimal. So, P(E’) = 1 - P(E)
we have .30. P(E’) = 1 – 1/13
P(E’) = 12/13. The probability that it is
Let us use our formula and substitute .30 into our not a jack is 12/13, ma’am.
P(E). P(E’) = 1 – .30 = 0.70 or 70%. Hence, the
probability that it will not rain is 70%.

Example 2. A card is randomly selected from a

deck of 52 cards. What is the probability that it is
not Jack? Try to solve it, Khristine.

Very good. Thank you, Khristine.

E. Application
Now, I am going to group you into 2 groups
because we’re going to play a game called “Pass
the message”.

The mechanics of the game: (The learners are listening).

Each team will choose 4 persons from their group
to solve the problem and the other will form a line.
The person in front will write your final answer.

Do you understand? Yes, ma’am.

Are you ready? Yes, ma’am.

R. 12/13 M. 1/8 B. 77% F. 2/3

I. 1/3 C. 74% D. 3/8
A. 7/8 E. 5/6 V. 1/6

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1. In rolling a die, what is the probability of

getting at least 5?
Answer: I. 1/3
2. A box contains marbles of the following
color: 5 red, 2 blue and 9 green. (The learners answered all the questions).
What is the probability of getting a green or
red?
Answer: A 7/8
3. How about the probability of getting a
blue?
Answer: M. 1/8
4. A card is randomly selected from a deck of
52 cards. What is the probability that it is
not a face card?
Answer: B. 77%
5. How about the probability that it is not an
Ace?
Answer: R. 12/13
6. In rolling a 6-sided die. What is the
probability of getting a 2?
Answer: V. 1/6
7. How about the probability of getting at
least 2?
Answer: E. 5/6
 I AM BRAVE
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F. Generalization
So, class, what are the lessons you have learned What we have learned ma’am is how to
today? get that probability of an event.

IV. EVALUATION
Matching type: match column A. with column B. write only the letter of the
correct answer.

Find the probability of the following:

A B
1. Obtaining an odd or even number from 1-10 a. 7/10
2. getting numbers divisible by 2 or 3 from natural b. 50%
numbers 1-10.
3. getting a number 5 or 6 from a six-sided die. c. 100%
4. Obtaining an even or an odd number divisible by from d. 1/3
a spinning wheel numbered from 1-8.
5. choosing a black card or spade card from a standard e. 5/8
deck of 52 cards.

V. ASSIGNMENT
Answer the following:
1. What is the probability of choosing a king card or a number
two card from a deck of playing card?
2. What is the probability of getting a perfect square or a perfect
cube from numbers 4-10?
3. What is the probability of obtaining an odd number or numbers
divisible by 5 from numbers 1-20?
4. What is the probability of obtaining a number greater that 3 or
even numbers from an Octahedral (8) side.
5. What is the probability of choosing a red card or a face card
from a standard deck of 52 cards?

Prepared by:

JAMAICA ROSE A. BALBIN

Practice Teacher
Checked by:

JUNELYN S. MAGARU
Cooperating Teacher