TOPIC EXPERIMENT 1: THERMODYNAMICS 1

TITLE INTRODUCE THE FUNCTION OF COMPRESSOR AND PUMP

DURATION 2 HOURS

1.0 Experiment Outcome:

At the end of this experiment student should be able:

a) To understand the function of compressor
b) To understand the function of pump

2.0 Theory:

Charles Law

Charles Law-first published by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac in 1802-is one of the most
fundamental physics law to describe the behavior of ideal gas. It states that, under isobaric
condition, the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas increases or decreases by the same
factor as its temperature (in Kelvin) increases or decreases.

In other words, at constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas will
have direct proportional relationship with its temperature (in Kelvin). This can be best
described through the mathematical equation as shown below,

V
T=k

Where, V = Volume of the ideal gas,

T = Temperature of the ideal gas (in Kelvin),
k= Constant

This means during the heating of an ideal gas at constant pressure (and constant
mass), the volume would have to increase. On the other hand, during the cooling of an ideal
gas at constant pressure (and constant mass), the volume would have to decrease.

3.0 Apparatus/Equipment:

1. Perfect Gas Law Apparatus

2. Instruction manual/Lab sheet
 Valve Description:
Valve Compressor = Compressed air from compressor
V1 = ON/OFF valve from compressor
V2 = ON/OFF valve from compressor to tank 1
V3 = ON/OFF valve from compressor to tank 2
V4 = ON/OFF valve to vacuum pump
V5 = ON/OFF valve from tank 1 to vacuum pump
V6 = ON/OFF valve from tank 2 to vacuum pump

Setup:
4.0 Safety Precaution:

1. Do not pressurized both of the vessels up to 2bar.

2. Do not allow the pressure drops below -0.5bar when using the vacuum pump.
3. Do not heal both of the vessels up to 40°C.
4. Before run the experiment, ensure all the valves are CLOSED.
5. Do not operate this apparatus without the safety covers that covering the
vessels.
6. Do not attempt to change the setting of the pressure meter and temperature
meter.
7. Do not attempt to regulate the pressure regulators.
8. Switch OFF the compressor once the air is fully compressed.

5.0 Procedures:

1. Plug the 3 pin plug of the trainer to the main 240VAC single phase main power
supply. Switch ON the power supply.
2. Before switch ON the power for this apparatus, ensure the pressure reading at
the air filter/regulator is 2bar. Else, regulate the pressure to 2bar.
3. Ensure all the valves (V1-V6) are CLOSED.
4. Switch ON the main power supply at the control panel
5. Ensure all the meters (pressure and temperature) are working properly.
6. Pull the relief valve which is located at the T-fitting with the pressure gauge.
Allow all the air in the vessels is evacuated.
7. Switch ON the compressor.
8. Allow all the air in the compressor to be compressed. The compressor will shut
down itself once the air is fully compressed.
9. Switch OFF the compressor when the compressor tank is full.
10. Open the valve of compressor which is located at the compressor. Open V1 As
well.
11. Slightly open the valve, V2, observe the change of pressure in the tank 1.
(Caution : Do not allow the pressure in the vessels exceed 1.6bar)
12. Pull the relief valve ring to release the air inside tank.
13. Close the V1 and V2, open the V4 and slightly open the V5.
14. Now switch on the vacuum pump.
15. Observe the change of the pressure in the tank 2. (Caution : Do not allow the
pressure in the vessels drop below -0.5bar)
16. State the findings and discuss the different between a compressor and vacuum
pump.
1.0 Results/Discussion:

a) The pressure reading display on pressure gauge and pressure meter is gauge
pressure or absolute pressure? What is the different between gauge and absolute
pressure?
b) List down the unit use to make sure the pressure. What is the different between each
other and how they can be converted?

7.0 Conclusion/ Suggestion:

Write the conclusion of this experiment.

8.0 References:

1. Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles (1998) Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach.

McGraw Hill

2. Fakhru’l –Razi Ahmadun, Chuah Teong Guan, Mohd Halim Shah Ismail). Safety:Principles &
Practices in the Laboratory, UPM Press (2005)
 POLITEKNIK SEBERANG PERAI
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI
JALAN PERMATANG PAUH
13500 PERMATANG PAUH
PULAU PINANG
MALAYSIA

EXPERIMENT NO. : ______________________

TITLE : _______________________

DATE : _______________________

PROGRAM : _______________________

SEMESTER : _______________________

NAME MATRIX NO.

1. ____________________________ ____________________

2. ____________________________ ____________________

3. ____________________________ ____________________

4. ____________________________ ____________________

5. ____________________________ ____________________

6. ____________________________ ____________________

LECTURER : 1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

ON TIME SUBMITTED MARK

LATE SUBMITTED
/
RETURN BACK