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The Testimony of Cuerpo de Vigilancia Is A Disputed Document Allegedly Signed by Jose Rizal Before His Execution
The Testimony of Cuerpo de Vigilancia Is A Disputed Document Allegedly Signed by Jose Rizal Before His Execution
The Testimony of Cuerpo de Vigilancia Is A Disputed Document Allegedly Signed by Jose Rizal Before His Execution
execution, containing his retraction of anti-Catholic beliefs. The document was used by Spanish colonial
authorities to discredit Rizal's nationalist ideas. Its authenticity has been questioned by scholars due to
inconsistencies in witness accounts and Rizal's lack of prior mention of a retraction. Nonetheless, it
highlights the political and religious tensions during the Philippine Revolution for independence.
Rizal was not directly a part of the Katipunan, even denouncing the group and disagreeing with the
cause. However, he served as an inspiration to its members and was considered as its honorary
president, with his name even serving as a password for the higher ranking members of the movement.)
Directors
Exile of Rizal
Other members
Andrés Bonifacio, supreme leader of Katipunan and led the Cry of Pugad Lawin
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, war adviser during First Philippine Republic, author of Philippine
Declaration of Independence.
Timoteo Lanuza, stated the depose to dispel the Spanish frail in the Philippine in 1889.
Procopio Bonifacio
Juan Zulueta, member of lodge of the mason in Lusong, Member of Supreme Council.
See also