MOVEME

NTPAST
IMP IN PAPER
AND
CONCEPTS AND QS
1. Examples of diffusion (in living org.)
 Oxygen molecules moving into the red blood cells
 Carbon dio molecules moving out of the red blood cells
 C and o move in and out of the mesophyll cells
 C/O/W.V moving in or out of the stomata
2. What increases the rate of diffusion?
 Increase in concentration gradient
 Decrease in thickness of membrane
 Increasing the surface are of the membrane
 Increasing the temp
3. What happens to an animal cell when placed in concentrated and
dilute solution?
 Concentrated: water will leave the cell causing the cell to shrink.
 Dilute/pure: water will enter the cell causing the cell to swell up and
burst

4. What happens to a plant cell when placed in a concentrated and

dilute solution?
 Concentrated: water will leave the cell making it flaccid, if more water
leaves the cell, it will become plasmolysed
 Dilute: water enters the cell causing the cell to be turgid.
5. what happens to a plant cell when it is boiled?
 The cell’s membrane dies
 Only diffusion takes place, no osmosis
 When put in a solution, diffusion takes from solution to the cell.
 Enzymes denatured.
6. Diffusion and osmosis.
 Only osmosis requires a partially permeable membrane
 Both require a concentration gradient
 No energy required
 down the concentration gradient
 Osmosis is diffusion, diffusion is not osmosis
 Diffusion: any molecule, osmosis: only water molecules
7. Examples of active transport.
 Reabsorption of glucose by kidney tubules
 Uptake of glucose by villi/ glucose molecules into the epithelium lines of
small intestine.
 Uptake of ions by roots.
8. Define the term osmosis/ active transport?
 Osmosis: the net movement of water molecules from a region of high
water potential to a region of low water potential through a partially
permeable membrane.
 Active transport: the movement of molecules or ions through a cell
membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration (against/up the concentration gradient) using energy from
respiration.
9. Three factors that affect the rate of diffusion.
 Surface area/ thickness/ thinness
 Temperature
  Concentration gradient
10. Function of cell components.
 Cell wall: withstands the internal turgor pressure, prevents the cell from
bursting.
 Cell membrane: partially permeable, controls movement of substances in
and out of the cell.
 Cell sap/ vacuole: storage, exerts the turgor pressure to maintain the
shape.
 Chloroplasts: photosynthesis
 Nucleus: controls the activities of a cell, hereditary material
 Cytoplasm: metabolic reactions.