Singapore Chinese Girls’ School

Science Department
Preliminary Examinations 2020
Chemistry (6092) - Answer Key

Paper 1

1. D 11. B 21. A 31. B

2. A 12. D 22. C 32. D

3. A 13. B 23. B 33. C

4. C 14. C 24. C 34. B

5. C 15. A 25. B 35. A

6. D 16. D 6.
26. B 3
36. D

7. B 17. A 27. D 37. D

8. C 18. D 28.
28
28. B 38. A

9. B 9.
19. A 29. A 39
9.
39. A

10. B 20. C 30
0.
30. A 40
40. B

1
 Singapore Chinese Girls’ School
2020 Preliminary Exam
Secondary 4 OLP Chemistry

Section A [50 MARKS]

A1 (a) Neutralisation 5

(b) Oxidation/Ionisation

(c) Decomposition

(d) Ionisation

(e) Reduction/Displacement

A2 (a) Carry out evaporation to dryness. If dissolved salts

s are
are
r present
pr a 1
residue/solid will be left behind.

(b) Water molecules are small enough

ough to passs through
thr
hrou
oug
ough the
he membrane
mem
mbran 1
but the ions are too large.
e.

Or

Neutral molecules
al water m
moolecu
ule can
an pass
l s cca sss through
through butt not
o the
not e charged
charg
rged
rge ions.
ed ion
ons.

(c) (i) Food

Fo
ood c
colour
olo
ol ou
ur B is
s tthe
h lleast
he ea
east
s soluble
solub
ble
le in
in ethanol.
et
et 1

(ii))
(i
(ii)
Black
Blacck food
od colouring
f od
fo colouring contains
rin
ri
ing con
nta ns 3 food
taiin ood colours
fo olours – food colours A and
col
2
E and
and one
an unknown
one un
u
unkn
nk
kn
nown colour.
own food c
ow olou
ol our.
ou

(iii)) R f va
value
alu
lue of food
foo
od colour
colo
colour C = 2.1/2.0 ÷ 5.0/5.1
lo 2
= 0.39 - 0.41
Food
Fo
ood colour
colou C could be Fast red.

A3 (a) 1. HF has a low melting/boiling point 2

2. HF is a gas at room temperature.
3. Pure HF is a non-conductor/ (aqueous) HF conducts electricity in
aqueous state
4. Soluble in organic solvents
(b) (i) Hydrofluoric acid partially ionises in water to form hydrogen ions 2
as its only positive ions
+ -
HF H + F

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 1

 (ii) 0J+)ĺ0J) 2 + H 2 2

No. of moles of HF = 0.200 ÷ (1 + 19)

= 0.01

No. of moles of H 2 = 0.01 ÷ 2

= 0.005

Volume of H 2 = 0.005 x 24
= 0.120 dm3 or 120 cm3

(iii) Magnesium fluoride has an ionic structure/ionic crystal lattice 2

structure with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between
the magnesium and fluoride (oppositely charged) ions. A lot of
energy is needed to break the forces hence a high melting
e point.

(iv) 2

A4 (a) Colour
Colourless
rlle
es
sss solution
solut
utio
ut ion turns
ttu
urn
rns brown/yellow
brrow
b own/
n/yye
ellow
ow
w brown.
brown
n. 1

(b)) Increasing
Inc crea
e siing g the
the concentration
con
once
centtra
rati
tio
onn of
of peroxodisulfate
peroxo odi
disu
sulflflfate ions
su io increases the 1
relative
rela t ve rate
ati ratte of rea
reaction.
eaact on. This
ctiio hiiss can
Thi can be
ca e seen
seen in
een in Expts
E 1, 2 and 3. While
tthe
thhe concentration
coonc
ncentrra on of
attio of peroxodisulfate
peroxododis
od isul
is ulfa
ulfate
fate ion increased from ….to ….,
rrelative
re attiive rate
ella atte of
ra of reaction
rea ction increased
act in
ncr eased from
crea
ea fr … to …. (concentration of
iodide
io
odide e iions
on
o rremained
ns re ema
ema
m ined d cconstant)
onst
on stan
st a t)

(c) The
Th
T he sulphur
sulp
lphu
lphurr in the peroxodisulfate
hu p ion/peroxodisulfate ion is reduced 2
ass the
the oxidation
oxidat state of sulfur decreased from +7 to +6.
Iodine/iodide
Iodi n /iodid ion is oxidised as the oxidation state of iodine
dine
increased from -1 to 0.
increa
Since oxidation and reduction occurs, the reaction is a redox
reaction.

(d) Catalyst increase rate of a reaction by providing an alternative 1

pathway with a lower activation energy.

(e) Test: Add aqueous sodium hydroxide (until no further change/in 2

excess) to the solution.
Observation: Red-brown precipitate formed (precipitate insoluble in
excess aqueous sodium hydroxide)

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 2

 (f) S 2 O 8 2- + 2Fe2+ ĺ)H3+ + 2SO 4 2- 1

A5 (a) Pb(NO 3 ) 2 1D,ĺ3E, 2 + 2NaNO 3 1

(b) No of moles of Pb(NO 3 ) 2 = 1.50 ÷ (207 + 28 + 96) 2

= 0.0045317
No of moles of NaI = (125 ÷ 1000) x 0.1
= 0.0125

From equation, 2 moles NaI reacts with 1 mole of Pb(NO 3 ) 2 .

Therefore 0.0125 mol of NaI reacts with 0.00625 mol of Pb(NO 3 ) 2
but there are only 0.0045317 mol of Pb(NO 3 ) 2.
Therefore Pb(NO 3 ) 2 is the limiting reactant.

(c) No of moles of nitrate ions in 125 cm3 2

= 2 x 0.0045317
= 0.0090634
Therefore concentration
oncenntr
tra
trat on of
attio o nitrate
nitra
ra e ionss (no
ate no of
((n of moles
moless in
in 1 dm3)) =
0.0090634
34 ÷ (125
(1
125 ÷ 1000)
25 100
000)
0)
0.0725072
= 0.
0 0725
25072
25 0.0725
072 = 0.
07 0.0
07
725 mol/dm
25 m m3 (3 sf))
ol/dm
ol

(d) 1

-
Na
N a+ I
Na+

-
NO
N O3 NO3
-
-
I
I- Na+
a+
Na
N

(e) Excess lead(II) oxide is added to nitric acid. 3

Filter the mixture to obtain the filtrate.

Heat filtrate to saturated and allow to cool.

Collect/filter to obtain crystals and dry crystals between filter

paper.

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 3

 A6 (a) Graphite has a giant covalent/macromolecular structure where 2
each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms

So one valence electron per atom is not utilised in bonding/

only three out of the four electrons per carbon atom are used
in bonding. Mobile electrons present to conduct electricity.

(b) Solution X is sodium hydroxide 3

At the cathode, hydrogen ions are preferentially discharged as

they are less stable/gain electrons more readily than sodium
ions.

y discha
At the anode, chloride ions are preferentially discharged as
ation tthan
they are present in much greater concentration han
ha n hy
h d
hydroxide
ions.
Since the hydrogen and chlorideloride io ons a
ions re discharged,
are discharge
th
he electrolyte.
hydroxide and sodium ions are left in the elec
el ec
ctrolyt
yte.
yt e. (O
(OWWTTE
(OWTTE)

A7 (a) Potassium
otassiu um Calcium
Ca
C alc
l iu
um Ammonium
A
Am
mmo
moni nium
nium 3
iodide
iio
od
diide
d nitrate
n
ni
itrrat
itr ae sulfate
sulflflfa
su ate

Test
est with
wititth (Pale)
(Pal
(Pale)
e)
acidified
acidiffiie
ed Yellow
Yellow No
No cchange
hang
ha nge No
o cchange
h ng
ha nge
e
si
silver
si precipitate
pr
prec
ecip
ipiittat
ate observed
o
obsse
erv
rved
ed observed
obse
ob serv
se rv
ved
nitrate
n
ni trate
tr formed
formed
fo d

Test
Te
T esstt with
with No
N o cchange
hange
ha
No chan
change White
acidified
accidifieed ob
o
observed
bse
s rved d
obs
observed precipitate
barium
ba
b ari
rium
um (1m
(1 m fo
for
for
(1) formed (1)
chloride
c
ch lo
orriide
de both
bo
both)
th)
th

(b) 3
Yes
YesIa
agree.
gree

Potassium Calcium Ammonium

iodide nitrate sulfate

No precipitate
formed. On
No change warming,
observed/No (colourless,
Test with visible White pungent) gas
aqueous reaction/No precipitate evolved turns
NaOH precipitate formed. (1) moist red
formed litmus blue (1)
(1) (ammonia gas
evolved)

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 4

Section B [30 MARKS]

B8 (a) Reacts moderately/slowly in sunlight. (Does not 1

react in the dark)

(b) Reaction is slow so platinum is added as a catalyst. 1

(c) As the bond length of the hydrogen halide increases 2

the bond energy decreases.

Since the bond length of the HI bond is the longest,

ongest,
the bond energy is the lowest/bond strength
h is tthe
trength he
weakest so HI is the least stable/decomposes
e/decomp
mp
poses most
oses mos
os
ost
readily.

(d) With HCl there will

ill be no
o vi
visibl
visible
blle ch
c
change.
han
ange
ge.
ge. 2

With HI, a pur

rpl
ple vapour
purple va
apo
pour will
wil
illl be
il be seen.
see
een.
ee

(HCl does not

not
ot decompose
dec
ecompo
omp
om po
ose
se easily
eas
asiilly
ly on heating
g but
but HI does
does
e
to for
o m io
or
form odi
d ne vvapour)
iodine a our)
ap rr))

(e)
(e
e) (i)
((ii) H 2 + Br 2 ĺ
ĺ+%U
+%
+%U
+%U 2

En
Energ
gy
y absorbed
Energy abs
bsorbe
bed
bed to break
break bonds
b = 432 + 193
= 625 kJ
E
Energy
er gy released
Energy releas to form bonds = 2 x 346
= 692 kJ
E
Enthalpy change = 625 – 692 = - 67 kJ/mol

(ii) The reaction is exothermic as the enthalpy change is 2

negative. Energy released when bonds of hydrogen
bromide are formed is greater than energy absorbed
when bonds of hydrogen and bromine are broken.
So excess energy is released as heat.

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 5

 (iii) 2

/kJ
Ea

Br2 + H2

¨H = - 67 kJ/mol 2HBr

B9 (a) Energy released = (1 ÷ 1.2) x 24.36 = 20.3 kJ 1

(b) Heat is lost to the surroundings will cause e the 1

temperatures recorded to be lower than the
he actual
act
ctua
u l
temperatures/ calculated energy released
leased lower
low
wer
than actual.

(c) (i) Incomplete combustion of the fue

fuels
uels
uels p
produces
rodu
uce
ces
s 1
soot/carbon.

(ii) Lower percentage

rcentata
age
ge o
off ca
c
carbon
rbon
on in
i hhexane
exxane
ne 1
compared
ared to
o hexene.
he
hexe
xene
ne.

(d) 1. Highest
Hiig
H gh
hes
est amount
am
mou
ountt ofof energy
y rreleased
elea
el eased per
pe
er gram
gram 2
2 Le
2. Least
eaasst smoky
smo
sm ky flame
ok
ky fflla
am
me

(e))
(e Ad
Advantage:
dva
van
nttag ge
e:: H
Hydrogen
yd
y dro
ro
rogen bu
burns
urn
ns to produce
prod only water 2
which
wh
w hich
h is s a non-ponon-pollutant
utant while (incomplete)
polllut
combustion
co om
mbbus
usti tion of
on of petrol
petr
trol
tr ol produces
prod ce carbon monoxide which
rodu
iss a pollutant.
po
ollllu
utant.
Orr
O
Combustion
Co mbustion of petrol produces carbon dioxide and
Comb
water
w
wa ter and therefore produces more greenhouse
gases and contributes more to global warming than
ga
hydrogen which produces only water when burned.
Or
Hydrogen produces more energy per gram than
petrol.
Or
Hydrogen is obtained from water which is a
renewable resource while petrol is obtained from
crude oil, a finite/non-renewable resource.

Disadvantage: Hydrogen is a gas at room

temperature so takes up a lot of space. Needs to be
pressurised and so special conditions/containers

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 6

 needed to store/ transport the fuel. Petrol is a liquid
and can be easily transport/stored.

B10E (a) The mass of iron decreases/ graph shows a 3

decreasing trend
as the iron reacts with the bromine solution to form
soluble/aqueous iron bromide

The gradient of the curve becomes gentler/less

steep as the rate of reaction decrease
as the reactants are used up/concentration of
bromine and mass/surface area of Fe decrease.

The gradient becomes zero/graph plateaus//

becomes horizontal
as the reaction stops when the aqueous br
brom
omin
om ine
in
bromine e is
used up/all reacted.

(b) The rate would increase. 2

A sheet off iron
n metal
me
me eta
al provides
provides
pr es a greater
es grea
eate
eate surface
ter su
urfface area
area
n for re
of iron ea
accttiion
reaction on with
witth th
tthe
e bromine.
brro
om
mine.

(c) A hi
higher
igh
heerr concentration
con
nce en
ntttra
rra
ati
tion of 0.1
0.1 mol/dm3 me
1 mol/dm means
meanan the
ans
an 2
solution
s luti
so n contains
tion
ti con
ontai s a greater
tain grea ter number
ate num
nu mbber off particles
part
pa rticles per
rt
unit
un
unit vvolume
ollume (than
o (th
ha
ann thehe 0.05
the m l/dm3 so
.05 mol/dm
0.0 mo solution).
solu
luti
lut on).
ti

Particles
Pa
P a cle
artic are
re ccloser
les ar
a oser together
los tog
get
ethe
herr so fre
he frequency of collisions
increases
incr
crrea
c eas es and frequency
se freq
fr eque
eq n y of effective collisions
u nc
iincreases.
in
nc
crre
eaase
ses. So o ra te of re
rate reaction increases and there is
a greater loss
greaterr looss in mass
ma in one minute.

(d) Loss
Loss in mass of iron = 1 – 9 mg
Lo 1

Rate of reaction would be slower as iodine is less

reactive than bromine.

(e) No of moles of bromine gas = 1200 ÷ 24000 2

= 0.05
2Fe + 3Br 2 ĺ)H%U 3
No of moles of iron = (0.05 ÷ 3) x 2
= 0.03333

Mass of Fe reacted = 0.03333 x 56

= 1.87g (3sf)
B10 O (a) Ethanol evaporates more easily/faster than water. 1

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 7

 (b) Cu (s) - Hĺ&X2+ (aq) 2

(c) (i) Copper(II) ions are preferentially discharged as 1

copper(II) ions are less stable/gain electrons more
readily than hydrogen ions.

Copper is deposited on the cathode so electrode B

increases in mass.

(ii) Increase in mass at electrode B = 8.25 – 7.95 1

= 0.30g
Theoretical value x = 8.78 – 0.30 = 8.48

(iii) Electrode A was impure/contained impurities.

es. 1
ecause impu
(Mass lost was higher than expected because purities
pu es
impurities
fell to the bottom of the container)

(d) Half equation at electrode B: Cu2+ 

ode B: Hĺ&X
H  ĺ  &X
H 2
64 g of Cu is produc
ced by
produced y 2 mo
ole
le of
mole of el
elec
ectr
tron
ons
electrons s
0.3 g of Cu pr
rod
oduc
uced
produceded by
by (0.3 ÷ 64)
64) x 2
= 0.00938 mo
m les of
moles o ele
lect
lectro
ct r nss = 0.00938 F
electrons

(e) When
W en
Wh n a graphite
gra
raph
phitte a
ph an
anode
nod
ode iss used,
usse
ed
d,, the
tth
he anodee shows
show
show
ws n
no 2
decrease
decrea
de
e eea s in
ase n mass/size.
ma
m ass
s /s
/siz e.. Instead
i ze
ize. In s ead effervescence
nst effe
efferv
fervescen
rv is
seen
see
seen at
at the anode.
an
nodode.
Explanation:
E pl
Ex planattio
ion n:: Anode
Anod
An ode is madea e of inert material and will
mad
ad
not
not iioionise
oni
n se se b but instead
ut insnste
ns tead
tead hyhydroxide ions are
preferentially
pref
pr efe
erre
en
n
ntittiially discharged
dis
sch arged as
char
ar a the ions are less stable
than
th
ha
ann the
th e sulfate
he sul
u fa
ul te iions
fate ons and
a oxygen is produced

2020 SCGS Prelim Chemistry P2 Answers 8