Department Of Civil Engineering

A project report on

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A G+30 STOREY RESIDENTIAL

BUILDING

Submitted by

Name: Sanika Sanjay Patil

Roll No: 8

Subject: SBL II, Sem: II (ME)

Under The Guidance Of

Prof. Athira Haridas

 ABSTRACT

The primary objective of this project is to gain sufficient knowledge in planning, analysis,
and Design of building. Our project deals with the Analysis and design of a residential building.
Analysis of structure was done in ETABS and design of structure components like slab, beam,
column, footing, staircase etc. was also done by ETABS. It is a reinforced concrete structure
consisting of G+30. IS 456:2000 code is the basic code for general construction in concrete
structures, hence all the structural members are designed using limit state method in accordance
with the IS 456:2000 code and design aids. The planning of any building in India will be recognized
by National Building Code (NBC), hence the building is planned in accordance with the National
Building Code of India. The residential building has proper ventilation, it is provided with
sufficient Exits, Water supply and electrification are also provided. This project also enables in
establishing in sufficient water supply, electric power supply and proper sanitary system.
 CONTENTS

Title Page No

1. INTRODUCTION 1-2

2. OBJECTIVE 3

3. DETAILS OF PROJECT 4-8

4. LOADS 9-12

5. ANALYSIS 13-17

6. DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENT 18

7. BASE SHEAR CHECK 19-20

 1. INTRODUCTION

The aim of the structural design is that structures should be safe, durable, serviceable and
economical with respect to initial cost and maintenance cost. Computer helps the structural
engineers to solve large complex problems with the short interval of time. A large number of
software package are available which helps structural engineer to carry stress analysis of complex
shapes, material properties and with various boundary conditions. Hence the analysis and design
is carried out by using software’s.

The Design Process:

Structural design is an art and science of designing, with economy and elegance, a safe,
serviceable, and a durable structure. The entire process of structural planning and design require
not only imagination and conceptual thinking (which form art of designing) but also sound
knowledge of science of structural engineering besides knowledge of practical aspects, such as
relevant design codes and bye-law, backed up by sample experience, institution and judgment. The
process of design commences with planning of a structure, primarily to meet the functional
requirement of the user or the client. The requirement proposed by the client may not be well
defined. They may be vague and may also be impracticable because is not aware of various
implication involved in the process of planning and design and about the limitations and the
intricacies of structural science. The functional requirements and the aspects of aesthetics are look
into normally by an architect while the aspects of safety, serviceability, durability and economy of
the structure for its intended use over life span of the structure are attended to be structural
designers (many times, a structural engineer is requiring to act in capacities of both the architect
and structural designers).

Stages in Structure Designs:

The process of structure design involves the following stages
1. Structural planning.
2. Estimation of Loads
3. Analysis of Structure

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4. Member design
5. Drawing, Detailing and preparation of schedule.

STRUCTURAL PLANNING:
This involves determination of the form of the structure, the material for the same, the
structural system, the layout of its components, the method of analysis and the philosophy of
structural designs.
The principal element of a R.C. building frame are as follows.
1. Slabs to cover large area
2. Beams to support slabs and walls
3. Columns to support beams
4. Footing to distribute concentrated column loads over large area of the supporting soil.

After getting an architectural plan of the building, the structural planning of the building frame is
done. This involves determination of the following.
A) Column position
B) Beam location
C) Spanning of slabs
D) Layout and planning of stairs
E) Type of footing.

General features of software etabs

1. Fully integrated interface within Window 95/98/NT/2000

2. Optimized for modelling of multi-storey buildings.
3. 3D perspective, plan, elevation, developed elevation, and custom view.
4. 3D model generation using plans and elevations.
5. CAD drawing/editing for fast, intuitive framing layout.
6. Fast generation of model using the concept of similar stories.
7. Automated templates for typical structures.
8. Easy editing with move, merge, mirror, and replicate

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 2. OBJECTIVE

The main objective of undertaking this project is to retrieve and implement our civil engineering
knowledge that we had learned during the postgraduate years in “SARASWATI College of
Engineering, Kharghar” into this project. And also, to make ourselves capable Civil engineers in
the near future.

The important objective/aim includes the following:

1. To analyse and design a multi-storey R C building.

2. Analysis and design are done with the aid of ETABS software.
3. To study, retrieve; practice the latest software of civil like AUTOCAD and ETABS.
4. To gain design knowledge on various structural elements like beam, column, slab, foundation
etc.
5. To familiarise in planning, analysing, designing & estimating of structures.
6. To plan a building in the urban area fulfilling all the norms.
7. To study, retrieve; practice the latest software of civil like AUTOCAD, ETABS and other
software.
8. To draw the plan of a building using software AUTOCAD. Use of codes (IS codes).
9. To learn the importance of team spirit on working for a project. Group Coordination/Team
work.
10. To implement the acquired knowledge to real time structure.

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 3. DETAILS OF THE PROJECT:

The building has been laid in the centre of the plot leaving sample space on all the sides for
landscaping and pathways for cars and for visitors parking

Location Bangalore
Type of building Residential
Number of Floor G+26
Number of Units 3 per floor

Number of stairs case 2

Lift 2

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3.1 Structural details:

Length of building 23785

Width of building 33775

Height 98.8 m

Grade of Concrete M30, M35, M40,

M45, M50
Grade of Steel Fe 550

Sectional Detail Size(mm) Grade of Grade of steel

Concrete
Beams Footing to Terrace Level

B1 160X650 M30 Fe550

B2 200X650 M30 Fe550
B3 200X1000 M30 Fe550
B4 230X650 M30 Fe550
B5 250X700 M30 Fe550
B6 250X800 M30 Fe550
B7 300X650 M30 Fe550
B8 300X100 M30 Fe550

Slab Footing to Terrace Level

110 M30 Fe550

115 M30 Fe550
125 M30 Fe550
135 M30 Fe550
150 M30 Fe550

Wall 200 M30, M35, M45, Fe550

M50

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 250 M30, M35, M45, Fe550
M50
300 M30, M35, M45, Fe550
M50
350 M30 M35, M45, Fe550
M50

3.2. Beam and Slab Position

Fig: Beam and Slab position in Etabs

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3.3. Defining Material Property and section Property

Fig: Defining Material Property

Fig: Defining Material Property

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Fig 5.5.2.3: Defining Section Property

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 4. LOADS
The loading that has been considered to act upon the structure are as follows:
1. Dead Load.
2. Live Load.
3. Seismic Load.
4. Wind Load
5. Load Combinations.

4.1. Dead Load or permanent Load:

This consists of the weights of the walls, partitions, floors, roofs, including the weights of all
other permanent construction in the buildings. A schedule of unit weights of the building
materials is given in IS code 875 part 1-1987. Some of the Unit weights of building materials
(IS code 875 part 1-1987 and IS code 4562000) are shown below;

Unit weight of building materials Materials Unit Weight

Brick masonry 18.85 to 22KN/m3
Plain concrete 24KN/m3
Reinforced concrete 25KN/m3

4.2.Live Load or Imposed Load:

The live or imposed loads shall comprise all loads other than dead loads. The minimum live load
on different floors is specified in IS code 875 (part-2) -1987.

4.3. Seismic load:

The seismic load for a multi storey Residential building can be comparatively determine using IS
code 1893: 2016.
Building is located in Mumbai, Zone II which Zone Factor=0.10
T = 0.075h0.75 / Ah0.5
Where h = 98.8
Hence, time period along x direction
Tax = 1.49
Tay = 1.781

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Hard soil site and 5% damping
Hence, Sa/g= 0.8905 (as per clause no.6.4.2)
Structure type: Ordinary moment resisting frame
Hence, response reduction factor= 3 (Table No.9, IS-1893-2016-PART-1)
Importance factor = 1.2

4.4. Load combinations:

As per IS code 875 (part-5) –1987, the following load combinations, whichever combination
produces the most unfavourable effect on the building, foundation and structural member
concerned may be adopted.
The values of partial safety factors of loads under different conditions are shown in the table
below in accordance with clause 36.4 of the IS code 456-2000.

4.5. Load Cases in ETABS.

Following figure shows the different loads considered in building

Fig: Various loads considered as per Indian Standard code for building analysis

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4.5.1. Earthquake in X-direction as per IS 1893-2016

Fig: Seismic Load along X Direction

4.5.2. Earthquake in Y-direction as per IS 1893-2016

Fig: Seismic Load along Y Direction

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4.5.3. Wind Load in x-direction as per IS 875-2015

Fig: Wind Load along X Direction

4.5.4. Define Load Combination

Fig: Define Load Combination

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 5. ANALYSIS

5.1.Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram due to dead load

Fig:Shear Force Diagram Due To DL

Fig:Bending Moment Diagram Due To DL

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5.2. Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram Due to Live Load

Fig: Bending Moment Diagram Due To LL

Fig:Shear Force Diagram Due To LL

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5.3. Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram Due To Earthquake Load

Fig: Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram Due to Earthquake

Load

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5.4. Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagram Due to Wind Load

Fig: Bending Moment Diagram Due to Wind Load

Fig: Shear Force Diagram Due to Wind Load

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5.5. Base Reaction

Fig: table showing DL, LL, EL, WL

5.6. Modal Participating Mass Ration

Fig: Table Showing Modal Participating Factor

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6. DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

Fig.7.3 Required Reinforcement at Typical floor Level

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 7. BASE SHEAR CHECK
7.1. Software Values

• Base Shear VB = 2937.2861 kN

7.2. Manual Calculations

The seismic load for a multi storey Residential building can be comparatively determine using IS
code 1893: 2016.

Building is located in Mumbai, Zone II which Zone Factor=0.10

T = 0.075h0.75 / Ah0.5 …… structural walls

Where h = 98.8
Aw =
Hence, time period along x direction
Tax = 1.49
Tay = 1.781

Hard soil site and 5% damping

Hence, Sa/g= 0.8905
….as per clause no.6.4.2
Structure type: Ordinary moment resisting frame

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Hence, response reduction factor= 3 (Table No.9, IS-1893-2016-PART-1)
Importance factor = 1.2

𝑆𝑎 𝑍 0.10
x 0.8905 x
𝑔 2
Ah = 𝑅 = 3
2
= 0.01781 …… Clause 7.6.1
𝐼 1.2

Base reactions

Table no.6.6: table showing DL, LL, EL, WL

Total Dead Load = 141154.8168 kN
Total Live Load = 27876.3435 kN

W= 141154.8168 +0.25 X 27876.3435 = 148123.9027 kN

Seismic Base Shear,

• Base Shear, VB = Ah x W = 0.01781 x 148123.9027 = 2638.086 kN

• Manually Calculated VB = 2638.086 kN

• Software Generated VB = 2937.2861 kN

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