2019 - Math - English

LEBANESE UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Entrance Exam 2019 - 2020 Mathematics Duration : 3 hours

The distribution of grades is over 50 July , 2019
Exercise 1 ( 6 points )
The plane is referred to an orthonormal system .
Consider the curve ( ) of equation x 3  2 x 2  x y 2  2 y 2  0 .
1- a) Prove that the equation of ( ) is equivalent to y 2 (2  x )  x 2 ( 2  x ) .
Deduce that the set of abscissas of the points of ( ) is the interval I  ]  2 ; 2 ] .
b) Prove that the axis of abscissas is an axis of symmetry of ( ) . y
2- The adjacent figure shows the part of ( ) , in [ 0 ; 2 ] , in an
orthonormal system (O ; i , j ) .
16 ( )
a) Verify that y   x  4 x  8 
2 2
. 
x2 j
b) Calculate the volume V of the solid generated by the 
i
( ) about the axis
rotation of the shaded domain bounded by -2 O x
of abscissas .
c) If i  j  2 cm , determine V in cm 3 .
Figure 25
A
Consider in an oriented plane , a triangle ABC right at B ,


such that AB  4 and ( AB ; AC )  ( 2 ) 3
3
Let I and E be the respective mid points of [BC ] and [AC ] .
1- Let S be the similitude such that S ( A)  C and S (C )  B .
B C
Determine the ratio and an angle of S .
2- a) Justify the existence of a rotation R that transforms A into E and B into C .
b) Determine an angle of R and construct , with justification , its center O .
3- a) Determine R  S (C ) and S  R(B ) .
b) Determine the center , the ratio and an angle of each of the similitudes R  S and S  R .
4- Let M and M ' be the points defined by AM  k AB and EM '  k EC where k is a real number .
Prove that M '  R(M ) . Deduce the nature of triangle OMM ' .
5- Let ( ) be the circle of center N circumscribed about the triangle OMM ' .
a) Prove that the point A belongs to ( ) .
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b) Prove that N is the image of M by a similitude f of center O whose ratio and angle are to be
determined .
c) Prove that f ( B )  E and determine f (A )
d) Determine the set ( ) of N as k traces IR . Draw ( ) .
The complex plane is referred to a direct orthonormal system ( O ; u , v ) .

To each point M of affix z , we associate the points M ' and M " of respective affixes z ' and z "
such that z '  z  2 and z "  z 2  z .
1- Let z  x  i y where x and y are two real numbers .
a) Determine the algebraic form of each of the complex numbers z ' and z " in terms x and y .
b) Find the points M for which the two points M ' and M " belong to the axis of ordinates .
z " z
2- a) Verify that z '  z and determine the algebraic form of the number in terms of x and y .
z ' z
b) Deduce the set of points M of plane for which the points M , M ' and M " are collinear .
c) Determine the set of points M that belong to the circle of diameter [ M ' M "] .
3- Let (H ) be the curve of equation x 2  y 2  2 x  0 .
a) Prove that (H ) is a rectangular hyperbola whose center , vertices and the equations of the
asymptotes are to be determined .

b) P( ;  ) is a point of (H ) such that ( u , OP )   ( 2 ) where 0    .
4
2 cos
Prove that OP  . Determine  ,  and  when OP  2 3 .
cos 2
An urn contains three perfect dice ; two of them are blue and each has six faces numbered 1 through 6
while the third one is red and has two faces numbered 1 and four faces numbered 6 .
1- We draw at random one die from the urn and we throw it . Consider the following events :
B : " the drawn die is blue " ; R : " the drawn die is red " and S : " the thrown die shows a 6 ".
1
Prove that p( S )  .
3
2- In this part , we draw at random one die from the urn , then we throw this die n consecutive times .
Denote by S n the event : " we get a 6 at each of the n throws " .
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LEBANESE UNIVERSITY
a) Calculate the probability of the event " the drawn die is blue and we get a 6 at each of the n throws " .
n n
21 12
b) Prove that p( S n )       and justify the value of p(S ) obtained in 1 .
36 3 3
c) For all natural numbers n  1, denote p n the probability of having the red die knowing that we got
1
a 6 at each of the n throws . Prove that p n  n
.
 
1
2  1
4
d) Determine the least natural number n  1 such that p n  0.999 .
1  2n x
Consider the function f defined on ] 0 ;  [ by f ( x)  .
x2
1- The table of variations below is that of the of function g defined on [ 2 ;  [ by g ( x)  x  1  2n x .
x 2 
g '(x ) 0 +

g (x )
1  n 4
a) Calculate g (3 ) and g (4 ) then prove that the equation g ( x )  0 has exactly one root  belonging
to the interval ] 3 ; 4[ .
1 1
b) Calculate f ( x )  in terms of g (x ) and prove that , for all x  4 , 0  f ( x)  . (1)
x x
n 1
2- Consider the sequence ( I n ) defined , for n  1 , by I n 

 f ( x) dx .
n
 n  1
a) Using the inequality (1) , prove that , for all natural numbers n  4 , 0  I n  n  .
 n 
b) Deduce the limit of the sequence ( I n ) .
3- Let S n  I 1  I 2  I 3          I n .
3  2n x
a) Using integration by parts , prove that
 f ( x) dx  
x
C . ( C is a constant )
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LEBANESE UNIVERSITY
b) Calculate S n in terms of n .
c) Determine the limit of S n as n tends to   .
A- Consider the function f defined on the set IR of real numbers by f ( x )  e2 x ( e x  2)2 .

1- a) Prove that , for all real numbers x , f ' ( x )  4e 2 x ( e x  1) ( e x  2) .
b) Set up the table of variations of f .
2- Draw the representative curve (C ) of f in an orthonormal system (O ; i , j ) . ( Unit : 3 cm ) .
1 x
B- Consider the function F defined on IR by F ( x )  (e  2 ) 3 ( 3e x  2 ) .
12
1- Determine the sign of F (x ) .
2- a) Prove that F is the antiderivative ( primitive ) of f on IR such that F (n 2 )  0 .
b) Set up the table of variations of F .
3- Let ( ) be the representative curve of F in the same orthonormal system as (C ) .
a) Determine the position of ( ) with respect to (C ) and prove that these two curves are tangent
at a point to be determined.
4
b) Prove that the straight line of equation y   is asymptote to ( ) at   .
3
c) Draw ( ) in the same system as (C ) .
4- Let m be a real number such that m  0 . Consider the domain (D ) bounded by (C ) , the axis
of abscissas , and the straight lines of equations x  m and x  n 2 .
a) Calculate the measure S (m ) , in units of area , of the area of the domain (D ) in terms of F (m ) and
determine im S (m ) .
m  
5 4
b) Prove that , for all m ]   ; 0 ] ,
 S (m )  .
12 3
5 4
c) a being a given number such that  a  , describe the construction that allows to determine
12 3
graphically the real number m such that S (m )  a .
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Entrance Exam 2019 - 2020 Mathematics July 2019

SOLUTION
Exercise 1 ( points )
1- a) The equation x 3  2 x 2  x y 2  2 y 2  0 of ( ) is equivalent to x 2 ( x  2 )  y 2 ( x  2 )  0 ;

that is y 2 (2  x )  x 2 ( 2  x ) (1) .
For x  2 , (1) becomes 0  16 which is impossible .
2 x 2
For x  2 , (1) is equivalent to y 2    x , which is defined for all real numbers x such that
2 x
2 x
 0 ; that is  2  x  2 .
2 x
Finally , the set of abscissas of the points of ( ) is the interval I  ]  2 ; 2 ] .
b) An equation of the symmetric of ( ) with respect to the axis of abscissas is
x 2 ( x  2 )  ( y ) 2 ( x  2 )  0 which is x 2 ( x  2 )  y 2 ( x  2 )  0 , that of ( ) .
Therefore , the axis of abscissas is an axis of symmetry of ( ) .
2- a) By symmetry with respect to the axis of abscissas, the required volume V is equal
2

 y dx units of volume ;
0
2
2 2 2 2
 x3  2x 2  2 16   x3 
y
0
2
dx 

0
x2 
dx    x  4 x  8 

0
 dx  
x  2  3
 2 x 2  8 x  16 n ( x  2 ) .
0
2 2
 16 ( n 2  ) ; therefore V  16 ( n 2  )  units of volume .
3 3
b) If i  j  2 cm , then 1 unit of volume = 8cm 3 ;
2 2
Therefore V  16 ( n 2  )   8  128( n 2  )  cm 3 .
3 3
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 
The triangle ABC is semi equilateral having AB  4 , ( AB ; AC )  ( 2 ) and ( BC ; BA )  ( 2 )
3 2
then AC  2 AB  8 and BC  3 AB  4 3 .
I and E are the respective mid points of [BC ] and [AC ] .
3 5 3
1- S ( A)  C and S (C )  B where BC  AC and ( AC ; CB )   ( 2 ) , then is the ratio
2 6 2
5
of S and  is an angle of S .
6
2- a) AB  EC  4 and AB  EC , then there exists a rotation R that transforms A into E and B into C .
 
b) ( AB ; EC )  ( AB ; AC )  ( 2 ) , then
is an angle of R ; its center is the point O such that
3 3
OA  OE and OB  OC ; it is the point of intersection O of the perpendicular bisector of [AE ]
that passes through B ( ABE is equilateral ) and the perpendicular bisector of [BC ] that passes
through E ( BEC is isosceles at E ).
3- a) R  S (C )  R S (C )  R( B )  C and S  R( B )  S R( B )  S (C )  B .
 3 5 3 5   3 
b) R  S  S (O ; 1 ; ; )  S (B ;
)  S ( ..... ; ;    ) and S  R  S (C ; ; )
3 2 6 2 6 3 2 2 2
4- AM  k AB and EM '  k EC where R( A )  E and R( B )  C , then M '  R(M ) .
 
M '  R(M ) where R  r ( O ; ) , then OM  OM ' and ( OM ; OM ' )  ( 2 ) , then OMM '
3 3
is a direct equilateral triangle .
( )
O

A F 3

3
E
N
B C
I
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Faculty of Engineering – Lebanese University M'
M
Figure 4
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5- ( ) is the circle of center N circumscribed about the triangle OMM ' .


a) ( AM ; AM ' )  ( AB ; AC )  ( 2 ) , then ( AM ; AM ' )  (OM ; OM ' ) and A , O , M , M ' are
3
cyclic ; therefore the point A belongs to ( ) .
b) OMM ' is a direct equilateral triangle , then N is its center of gravity ; therefore
 3
(OM ; ON )  ( 2 ) and ON  OM ; therefore N is the image of M by the similitude f
6 3
3 
of center O , ratio and angle .
3 6
c) R( B )  C , then OBC is a direct equilateral triangle .
1 1
E is on the perpendicular bisector (OI ) of [BC ] and EI  AB  EB , then E is the center
2 2
of the circle circumscribed about OBC ; therefore f ( B )  E .
R( A )  E , then OAE is a direct equilateral triangle ; therefore f (A ) is F , the center of the circle
circumscribed about OAE .
d) As k traces IR , the point M , such that AM  k AB , traces the straight line (AB ) and its image N
by f traces the straight line f  (AB ) which is (EF ) since f ( A )  F and f ( B )  E .
Therefore , the set ( ) of N as k traces IR is the straight line ( )  ( EF ) .
Drawing ( ) .
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1- a) z '  z  2  x  2  i y and z "  z 2  z  x 2  y 2  2 x y i  x  i y  x 2  y 2  x  y (2 x  1) i .

b) M ' and M " belong to y ' y if and only if Re ( z ' )  Re ( z " )  0 ; that is x  2 and x 2  y 2  x  0 ;
x  2 and y 2  2 ; therefore , M is one of the points with affixes 2  2 i and 2  2 i .
z " z z 2  2 z x 2  y 2  2 x y i  2 x  2 yi x 2  y 2  2 x
2- a) z '  z  2  z and     y (1  x ) i .
z ' z z ' z 2 2
z " z
b) M '  M , then the points M , M ' and M " are collinear if and only if is real ; that is
z ' z
( x  1) y  0 ; x  1 or y  0 ; therefore , the set of M is the union of the axis of abscissas and the
straight line of equation x  1 .
z " z z " z
c) M belongs to the circle of diameter [ M ' M "] if and only if  0 or is pure imaginary ;
z ' z z ' z
 z " z 
that is Re    0 . Therefore , the set of M is the curve of equation x 2  y 2  2 x  0 .
 z ' z 
3- (H ) is the curve of equation x 2  y 2  2 x  0 .
a) An equation of (H ) is x  1  y 2  1 , then (H ) is a rectangular hyperbola of center I (1 ; 0 ) .
2
The focal axis is the axis of abscissas and a  1 , then the vertices of (H ) are O and A( 2 ; 0 ) .
The asymptotes of (H ) are the straight lines of equations y  x  1 and y   x  1 .
b) ( u , OP )   ( 2 ) then , the coordinates of P are   OP cos and   OP sin .
P is a point of ( H ) then ,  2  2   2  0 ; that is OP 2 cos2   2OP cos  OP 2 sin 2   0 ;
 2 cos
OP cos 2  2 cos where cos 2  0 since 0  2  ; therefore OP  .
2 cos 2
cos
OP  2 3 if and only if  3 ; 3(2 cos2   1)  cos ; 2 3 cos2   cos  3  0 ;
cos 2
3  
Therefore , cos  (0   ) ;   rad .
2 4 6

When   rad ,   OP cos  3 and   OP sin  3 .
6
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1- When we draw at random one die from the urn that contains 2 blue dice and one red ,
2 1
p( B )  and p( R )  .
3 3
1
If a blue die is drawn and tossed then , the probability of getting a 6 is p( S / B )  .
6
4 2
If the red die is drawn and tossed then , the probability of getting a 6 is p( S / R )   .
6 3
2 1 1 2 1
Therefore , p( S )  p( S  B )  p( S  R )  p( B )  p( S / B )  p( R )  p(S / R )      .
3 6 3 3 3
n
2 1
2- a) The required probability is p( S n  B)  p( B )  p( S n / B)    
3 6
n n
2 1 12
b) p( S n )  p( S n  B)  p( S n  R)  p( B )  p( S n / B)  p( R )  p( S n / R)        .
3 6 3 3
2 1 12 1
For n  1, p( S )  p( S1 )         .
3  6 3 3 3
n n
12 12
   
p( R  S n ) 3 3 3 31
c) p n  p ( R / S n )   n n
 n n
 n
.
p( S n ) 2 1 12 2 2 1 12 1
           2  1
3 6 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 4
n n
1 1 n1998
d) p n  0.999 is equivalent to 1000  1998   999 ; 1  1998  ; 4 n  1998 ; n   5.48 .
4 4 n 4
Therefore , the least natural number n  1 such that p n  0.999 is 6 .
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1- g ( x)  x  1  2n x .
a) g (3)  2  2n 3 and g (4)  3  2n 4 then g (3)  2  2n 3  0  g (4)  3  2n 4
g is continuous and strictly increasing in [ 2 ;  [ , then the equation g ( x )  0 has a unique root
 such that 3    4 .
1  x  1  2 n x g(x )
b) f ( x)   2
 2 .
x x x
For all x in [ 4 ;  [ , n x  0 , then f ( x)  0 .
1 1
For all x in [ 4 ;  [ , g ( x )  g ( )  0 , then f ( x)   0 ; f ( x)  .
x x
1
Finally , for all x in [ 4 ;  [ , 0  f ( x)  . (1)
x
n 1
2- The sequence ( I n ) is defined , for n  1 , by I n 

 f ( x) dx .
n
n 1

1 dx
a) For all x in [ 4 ;  [ , 0  f ( x)  , then , for all natural numbers n  4 , 0  I n  where
x x
n
n 1

dx
  n x nn 1  n ( n  1)  n n  n  n  1  ;  n  1
therefore 0  I n  n  
x  n   n 
n
 n 1  n 1
b) im n    n 1  0 and 0  I n  n   , then the limit of the sequence ( I n ) is 0 .
n  n   n 
1 2 1
3- a) Let u  1 2n x and v '  2 , then u '  and v  .
x x x
1  2n x 1  2n x 2 3  2n x
 
1
Using integration by part , f ( x) dx   2 2
dx     .
x x x x x
2 3 4 n n 1
b) S n  I1  I 2  I 3          I n 
 f ( x) dx   f ( x) dx   f ( x) dx           f ( x) dx   f ( x) dx ;
1 2 3 n 1 n
n 1 1
 3  2n x  n ( n  1 )

3
Sn  f ( x) dx     3 2 .
 x  n 1 n 1 n 1
1
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LEBANESE UNIVERSITY
3 n (n  1)
c) im  im  0 , then im S n  3 .
n n  1 n n 1 n
A- 1- a) f ( x )  e 2 x ( e x  2) 2 , then
f ' ( x )  2e 2 x ( e x  2) 2  2e 2 x ( e x  2)(e x )  2e 2 x ( e x  2) (e x  2  e x )  4e 2 x ( e x  1) ( e x  2) .
b) im e 2 x  0 then , im f ( x )  0 ; x  0 n 2 

x   x  
f '(x )   
im e x  im e 2 x    then , im f (x )    . 0 0
x   x   x  
1 
The sign of f ' ( x ) is that of ( e x  1) ( e x  2) ; f (x )
it changes at x  0 and at x  n 2 . 0 0
Figure 52
Table of variations of f
2- im f ( x )  0 then , the axis of abscissas is asymptote to (C ) at   .
x  
f (x ) ex x x ex
im f (x )    and im  im e ( e  2)    since im
2
   then , (C ) has
x   x   x x   x x   x
at   an asymptotic direction parallel to the axis of ordinates .

Drawing (C ) . ( Unit : 3 cm ) .
1
B- 1- F ( x )  (e x  2 )3 ( 3e x  2 ) , then F (x ) has the sign of e x  2 .
12
F (n 2 )  0 ; if x  n 2 , F ( x )  0 and if x  n 2 , F ( x )  0 .
1 x 1 1
2- a) F ' ( x )  (e  2 ) 2 (e x )( 3e x  2 )  (e x  2 ) 3 ( 3e x )  (e x  2 ) 2 (9 e 2 x  6e x  3e 2 x  6e x )
4 12 12
 e 2 x ( e x  2) 2  f ( x ) , then F is the antiderivative of f on IR such that F (n 2 )  0 .
4
b) im F ( x )   and im F (x )    x  n 2 
x   3 x  
F '(x ) + 0 +
F ' ( x )  e ( e  2)  0
2x x 2

table of variations of F . F (x ) 4
0

3
Figure 52 a
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LEBANESE UNIVERSITY
1 x 1
3- a) f ( x )  F ( x)  e 2 x ( e x  2) 2  (e  2 ) 3 ( 3e x  2 )  ( e x  2) 2 (12 e 2 x  3 e 2 x  4e x  4 )
12 12
1 x
f ( x )  F ( x)  ( e  2) 2 ( 9 e 2 x  4e x  4 )  0 , then (C ) and ( ) have one common point
12
T ( n 2 ; 0 ) and , for all x  n 2 , (C ) lies above ( ) .
(C ) and ( ) are tangent at T since F ' (n 2 )  f ' (n 2 ) ( both are 0 ) .
4 4
b) im F ( x )   , then the straight line of equation y   is asymptote to ( ) at   .
x   3 3
c) Drawing ( ) .
(C ) ( )
M(m) O n 2 x
5

12
B -a A
4

3
Figure 53
4- Let m be a real number such that m  0 .
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n 2
a) f is a positive function then , S (m) 

 f ( x ) dx  F (m ) .
m
4
im S (m )   im F (m )  .
m m 3
b) F being strictly increasing , then For all m ]   ; 0 ] , im F (m )  F (m )  F (0 ) ; that is
m
4 5 5 4
  F (m )   , then  S (m )  .
3 12 12 3
5 4
c) a being a given number such that  a  , take the point A of ordinate  a on the axis of
12 3
ordinates ; the parallel to the axis of abscissas drawn through A cuts ( ) at a point B , then
the parallel to the axis of ordinates drawn through B cuts the axis of abscissas at the point M
such that m  ( abscissa of M )   OM .
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LEBANESE UNIVERSITY

Entrance Exam 2019 - 2020 Mathematics Duration : 3 hours

The complex plane is referred to a direct orthonormal system ( O ; u , v ) .

2- Consider the sequence ( I n ) defined , for n  1 , by I n 

A- Consider the function f defined on the set IR of real numbers by f ( x )  e2 x ( e x  2)2 .

Entrance Exam 2019 - 2020 Mathematics July 2019

1- a) The equation x 3  2 x 2  x y 2  2 y 2  0 of ( ) is equivalent to x 2 ( x  2 )  y 2 ( x  2 )  0 ;

5- ( ) is the circle of center N circumscribed about the triangle OMM ' .

1- a) z '  z  2  x  2  i y and z "  z 2  z  x 2  y 2  2 x y i  x  i y  x 2  y 2  x  y (2 x  1) i .

2- The sequence ( I n ) is defined , for n  1 , by I n 

b) im e 2 x  0 then , im f ( x )  0 ; x  0 n 2 

at   an asymptotic direction parallel to the axis of ordinates .

4- Let m be a real number such that m  0 .

a) f is a positive function then , S (m) 

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