“tapw;Wf;Fr; nrhwpl ntz:Lk; - ,';F thGk; kdpjUf;bfy;yhk;

gapw;wpg; gyfy;tp je;J - ,e;jg; ghiu cah]j;jpl ntz:Lk;”

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, e;jpah xU tptrha ehlhFk;. ,';F epyt[k; gy;ntW jl;gbtl;g epiyfSf;F

Vw;g gy gaph;fs; rhFgo bra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ,g;gaph;fSf;F/ gytpj g{r;rpfs;/
neha;fs;/ E}w;g[Gf;fs; kw;Wk; fisg; gaph;fs; Mfpatw;why; kpFe;j nrjk; Vw;gLfpd;wJ.
,itfshy;/ Mz;blhd;wpw;F +gha; 6000 nfho ,Hg;gPL Vw;gLfpwJ. bghJthf 30 rjtpfpj
,Hg;g[/ gapiuj; jhf;Fk; g{r;rp kw;Wk; neha;fshy; Vw;gLfpwJ. jPtpu rhFgoapy; cah;
tpisr;ry; ,uf';fis brwpe;j ,LbghUl;fs; bfhz;L gaphpLtjhy; g{r;rp/ neha;fSf;F
cfe;j NHy; cUthfpg; bgUkstpy; nrjk; Vw;gLfpwJ. ,urhad g{r;rp/ g{rzf; bfhy;ypfs;
1940 fspy; fz;lwpag;gl;l fhyfl;lj;jpy; Fiwe;j msnt gad;ghl;oy; ,Ue;jd. jPtpu
rhFgoj; jpl;lj;jpy;/ ,tw;wpd; cgnahfk; mjpfkhfpf; bfhz;L te;jd. njitf;F mjpfkhf
,urhadf;; bfhy;ypfs; 1960 Kjy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;ljhy; g{r;rpfs; kw;Wk; neha;f; fhuzpfs;
,tw;wpw;F vjph;g;g[j; jd;ik bgw;wJld;/ g{r;rpfs; kWkPs;r;rp bgw;W bgUkstpy; bgUfpg;/ gaph;
rhFgo bra;aKoahj epiy Vw;gl;lJ. ,t;tifahd mrhjhuzr; NHypy;/ xU';fpize;j
gaph;g; ghJfhg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij mwpe;J/ midj;J ehLfSk; xU';fpize;j gaph;g;
ghJfhg;g[ Kiwfis 1974 Mk; Mz;oypUe;J gpd;gw;wj; bjhl';fpd.
bjhHpy;El;gj;jpd; gad;ghl;lhy; ek; ehl;oy; 1991-92y; 75/000 bkl;hpf; ld;dhf ,Ue;j
g{r;rp/ neha; kw;Wk; fisf; bfhy;ypfspd; gad;ghL 2013-14 Mz;oy; 69/810 bkl;hpf; ld;dhff;
Fiwe;Js;sJ. nkYk;/ jkpH;ehl;oy; g{r;rp/ neha; kw;Wk; fisf; bfhy;ypfspd; gad;ghL
2011-2012 Mk; Mz;L 1968 bkl;hpf; ld;fshFk;. ,e;j mst[ cj;jpug;gpunjrk;/ g";rhg;/
Qhpahdh/ kfhuh#;ouh kw;Wk; F$uhj; khepy';fisf; fhl;oYk; Fiwthf cs;sJ.
,jw;F bghpJk; Jizg[hptJ xU';fpize;j gaph; nkyhz;ik MFk;. nkYk;/ ,d;iwa
ntshz:ik Kiwfspy; Rw;Wg;g[wr;NHy; guhkhpg;g[ Kf;fpakhdjhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.
vdnt/ tsk;Fd:wh ntshz:ik Kiwfis ikag;gLj;jp ehk; gaph; nkyhz:ik
Kiwfis filgpof;f ntz:oa[s;sJ.

4 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

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xU';fpize;j tHpKiwfspy;
cHtpay; KiwapYk;/ g{r;rp vjph;g;g[j; jpwd;
bfhz;l ,uf';fisg; gaphpl;Lk;/ jhtuk;
rhh;e;j g{r;rp kw;Wk; neha;f; bfhy;ypfisg;
gad;gLj;jpa[k/; caphpay; KiwapYk;
njitf;nfw;g ghJfhg;ghd ntjpf;
bfhy;ypfis njitahd fhy';fspy;
gad;gLj;jpa[k; rpwe;j tHpapy; gaph;g;
ghJfhg;g[ bra;ayhk;. ,aw;ifapnyna
fhzg;gLk; g{r;rpfspd: vjphpg; g{r;rpfis
ehk; Cf;fg;gLj;j ntz:Lk;. vdnt/
,tw;wpf;F bfLjy; cz:lhf;fhj g{r;rp
kUe;Jfisj; njh;t[ bra;a ntz:Lk;.
gaph; rhFgo NHypy; gaph;g; gd;kaj;ij
(Crop Diversity) Vw;gLj;jp ed;ik jUk;
g{r;rpfisg; guhkhpj;J rpwg;ghd gaph;g;
ghJfhg;g[r; NHiy cUthf;f Koa[k;.
jtpu/ g{r;rpfSk; kdpjh;fisg; nghynt
neha;tha;g;gLfpd:wd. neha;;f; fpUkpfspy;
Kf;fpakhdit er;Raphp (itu!;)/
ghf;Ohpah/ g{rzk;/ g[nuhl;nlhnrhth
nghd:witahFk;. ,tw;iwg; gad;gLj;jp
g{r;rpfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;. g{r;rpfisj;
jhf;Fk; er;Raphpahy; kdpjDf;nfh/ gpw
caphpd';fSf;nfh/ ve;jj; jP';Fk;
vw;gLtjpy;iy. gUj;jp/ bfhz;ilf; fliy/
Jtiu/ jf;fhsp/ Nhpa fhe;jp Mfpatw;iwr;
nrjg;gLj;Jk; gr;irf; fha;g;g[G kw;Wk;
gUj;jp/ Mkzf;F/ epyf;fliy/ jf;fhsp/
g{f;nfhR Mfpatw;iwr; nrjg;gLj;Jk;
g[nuhOdpahg; g[G/ fliyiaj; jhf;Fk;
rptg;g[f; fk;gsp g[G Mfpatw;iw er;Raphp
\yk; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;. ghrpy;y!;
Jhpd:rpad:rp!; vd:w ghf;Ohpah ntjp g{r;rpf;
bfhy;yp nghynt fpilf;fpwJ.
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cHth;fshy; miHf;fg;gLk; ghuhfhf;f!;
khh;$pndl!; vd;w kht[g;g{r;rp/ kj;jpa
mbkhpf;f ehLfspypUe;J ,e;jpahtpw;Fs;
CLUtp te;Js;sJ. ,jd;; jhf;Fjyhy;
50-90 rjtpfpjk; tiu gaph;r;nrjk; Vw;gl;lJ.
mrpnuhngf!;/ Nl;byg;l; nlhkh!;of;!;/
mdhifu!; vd;w xl;Lz;zpfs; \yk;/
fs;spg; g{r;rpapd; jhf;Fjy; rpwg;ghf
fl;Lf;Fs; bfhz;L tug;gl;lJ. gaph;g;
ghJfhg;g[ KiwapypUe;J mwnt ntjpg;
g{r;rpf; bfhy;ypfis mfw;w ,ayhJ.
jw;bghGJ kpfkpff; Fiwe;j mstpy;
gad;gLj;j ty;y gpw caphpd';fSf;F
gf;f tpist[fs; Vw;gLj;jhj etPd tif
g{r;rpf;bfhy;ypfis njitf;nfw;g/ chpa
neuj;jpy; cgnahfpj;Jr; rpwe;j
ghJfhg;gpidg; bgw ,aYk;.
gaph; neha; nkyhz;ik
gaph;fspy; Ez;qaphpfshy; cUthFk;
neha;fspdhy; 16 rjtpfpj ,Hg;g[
Vw;gLtjhff; fzf;fplg;gl;Ls;sJ.
neha;fspd; jhf;Fjypy; ,Ue;J gaph;fisg;
ghJfhf;fg; gy;ntW ghJfhg;g[ Kiwfis
eilKiwapy; gpd;gw;Wfpnwhk;. mtw;Ws;
,urhad g{rzf; bfhy;yp kUe;Jfs;
bgUk; g';F tfpf;fpd;wd. ,tw;iw
gaph;fspy; bjspg;gjpdhy;/ Rw;Wg;g[wr;NHy;
khRgLfpwJ. neha;f; fhuzpfspy;
g{rzf; bfhy;ypfSf;F vjph;g;g[j; jpwd;
cUthFtnjhL/ kUe;Jfspd; v";rpa
er;Rf; fHpt[fs; tpisg;bghUl;fspy;
HŠóõK & 2017 5
j';Ftjpdhy; cly; eyj;jpw;Fk; nfL bra;a Koa[k;. Mfnt/ caph; vjph;f;
tpistpf;fpd;wd. g{rzf; bfhy;ypfspd; bfhy;ypfisf; fz;lwpe;J/ ,dg;bgUf;fk;
tpiy mjpfkhf cs;sjhy; bra;J gad;gLj;jpdhy/; gaph;fis neha;
xU';fpize;j neha; nkyhz;ik kw;Wk; g{r;rp jhf;Fjypy; ,Ue;J ghJfhf;f
Kiwfisf; ifahStJ mtrpakhdJ. Koa[k;.

kz; tsKk;/ gaph; eyKk; caphpay; Kiw neha; nkyhz;ik

ey;y tpisr;ry; ntz;Lbkdpy;/ capUs;s Ez;qaph;fisf; (vjph;
caphp) bfhz;L neha;f; fhuzpfis
kz;zpd; eyKk;/ tsKk; bjhlh;e;J
mHpj;J gaph;fisg; ghJfhg;gjhFk;.
ghJfhf;fg;gl ntz;Lk;. kz; tskhf
,it kw;w cahpd';fSf;F vt;tpjkhd
,Uf;f ntz;Lbkdpy;/ kz;zpy; thGk;
jP'F
; fisa[k; tpistpg;gjpy;iy. ,tw;Ws;
ed;ik bra;a[k; Ez;qaphpfspd; Mjpf;fk; g{rz';fSk; ghf;Ohpahf;fSk; ml';Fk;.
mjpfkhf ,Uj;jy; ntz;Lk;. ,e;j nehf;fk; oiuf;nfhblh;kh/ fPl;nlhkpak; nghd;w
KGikbgw ntshz;ikg;g[yj;jpy; g{rz';fSk;/ Nnlhnkhndh!; kw;Wk;
Ez;qaphpapd; ,dg;bgUf;fk; mjpfkhf ngrpy;y!; nghd;w ghf;Ohpa
ntz;Lk;. Ez;qaphpfSk; gaph; neha;f; fl;Lg;ghl;oy;
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
gaph;fSf;Fj; jPik gaf;Fk; kz: thH:
Ez;qaphpfspd; ikjhdkhf nth;g;gFjp xU';fpize;j Kiwfs;
fUjg;gLfpwJ. mt;t[aph;fnshL nghhpl;L/ “neha;eho neha; Kjy; eho mJjzpf;Fk;
mtw;wpd; cwit gaph;fspy; ,Ue;J tha;eho tha;g;gr; bray;”
Jz;oj;J gaphpd; eyidg; ghJfhf;Fk;
vd;w jpUf;Fws; xU';fpize;j
nghh; tPuh;fspd; nghh;f;fskhft[k;/ nth;rhh; gaph;g; ghJfhg;g[ Kiwfis bjspthf
gFjp jpfH;fpwJ. nth;rhh;; gFjpapy; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ. mjdog;gilapy;
Ruf;fg;gLk; jukhd kw;Wk; nghJkhd fPH;f;fhqk; Kiwfis ntshz;
rj;Jg; gly';fisr; rhh;e;nj neha;f; bgUkf;fs; jtwhJ filg;gpoj;jy;
fhuzp my;yJ vjph; caphpfspd; ntz;Lk;.
thH;tplk; mikfpwJ. nth;g;gFjpapy; ™™ fhyepiy mwpe;J/ gupe;Jiuf;fg;gl;l
,Ue;J frpe;J/ glykhff; fhzg;gLk; g{r;rp neha; fz;fhzpg;g[
rj;Jg; bghUl;fs; kz;zpd; m';ffr; Kiwfis nkw;bfhs;tjd; \yk;/
rj;Jld; fye;J tpLfpd;wd. Mfnt/ mitfs; njhd;Wtjw;F Kd;ng/
gaph;fspd; Mnuhf;fpa epiyiaj; jf;f jFe;j Kd;ndw;ghL eltof;iffis
itf;f/ kz; tsk; kw;Wk; Ez;qaphpfs; nkw;bfhs;s ,aYk;.
Mjpf;fk; nkk;gLj;jg;gl;lhy;/ tskhd ™™ g{r;rp my;yJ neha;j; jhf;fj;jpdhy;
gapiua[k;/ mjpf tpisr;riya[k; cw;gj;jp cz;lhFk; mwpFwpfis KGikahf

6 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 mwpe;J/ mjw;nfw;w ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gl;l gh!;nghngf;Ohpak; nghd;w Ez;qaph;
eltof;iffis nkw;bfhs;Sjy;. cu';fis ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gl;l mstpy;
™™ rhpahd gaph; kw;Wk; ,ufj; njh;t[/ gad;gLj;j ntz;Lk;. ,t;tif
rhpahd ,ilbtspapy; eLjy;. Ez;qaph;fshy; gaph;fspd; tsh;r;rp
Cf;Ftpf;fg;gl;L ,aw;ifapnyna
™™ jukhd neha;j; jhf;fhj tpijfs;/
gaph;fs; neha; vjph;g;g[ rf;jp
ehw;Wf;fs; kw;Wk; tpijf;fuiz
bgWfpd;wd.
fspd; njh;t[.
™™ jtph;f;f ,ayhj NH;epiyapy;
™™ jpl;lkpl;l ePh; kw;Wk; cu eph;thfk;.
njitahd mstpy; ghpe;Jiuf;fg;
,k;Kiwfshy; njitahd
gl;l ,urhadg; g{rzf;
mst[f;F kl;Lnk ePh; kw;Wk;
bfhy;ypfisj; jf;f jUzj;jpy;
cuk; gaph;fSf;Ff; fpilf;fpwJ.
bjspj;J my;yJ nth;ghfj;ij
mst[f;F mjpfkhapd; ,t;tpU
eidj;J neha;f; fpUkpfisf;
,LbghUl;fSk;; neha;f;fhuzpfis
fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;. ,t;tif ,urhadg;
mjpfg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
g{rzf; bfhy;ypfisj; bjhlh;e;J
™™ Kiwahd gaph;r; RHw;rp/ fyg;g[g; gad;gLj;jpdhnyh/ mst[f;F mjpf
gaph;/ CLgaph;/ fis eph;thfk;/ khft[k;/ njitaw;w jUz';fspy;
jFe;j cHtpay; Kiwfs;/ m';ff gad;gLj;jpdhnyh neha;f; fhuzpfs;
ntshz;ik Kiwfs;/ kz;iz vjph;g;g[ rf;jp bgWfpd;wd. vdnt/
njitahd nghJ ed;F cGJ ,urhad g{rzf; bfhy;ypfs;
fhw;nwhl;lk; Vw;gLj;Jjy;/ \lhf;F my;yJ ghf;Ohpahf; bfhy;ypfisg;
my;yJ epyg;nghh;it (Polythene gad;gLj;Jtjpy; kpFe;j ftdk;
mulch) mikj;jy; nghd;w vspa
njit.
eilKiwfs; \yk; neha[z;lhf;Fk;
fhuzpfisf; Fiwf;fyhk;. E}w;g[G nkyhz;ik
™™ neha;f; fhuzpfisj; jhf;Fk; gaph;fisj; jhf;fpg; bghUshjhu
oiuf;nfhblh;kh/ Nnlhnkhdh!;/ nrjj;ij tpistpf;Fk; E}w;g[Gf;fspd;
ngrpy;y!; nghd;w vjph; caph;f; jhf;fk; rkPg fhykhf mjpfhpj;J
bfhy;ypfs; bfhz;L tpij neh;;j;jp tUfpd;wJ. ,e;j E}w;g[Gf;fs; jdpj;J
bra;jy;/ kz;zpy; ,Ljy; my;yJ epd;W Vw;gLj;Jk; nrjj;ijtplg; g{rzk;
nth; ghfj;ij eidj;jy; Mfpa kw;Wk; ghf;Ohpaf; fpUkpfSld; ,ize;J
Kiwfis KGikahff; filg; Vw;gLj;Jk; Tl;L neha;fshnyna
gpof;f ntz;Lk;. nth; cl;g{rzk;/ mjpf nrjk; Vw;gLfpd;wJ. bghUshjhu
iunrhgpak;/ mnrh!;ighpy;yk;/ nkyhz;ikapy; tUKd; fhg;g[ kw;Wk;;

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 7

te;jgpd; nkyhz;ik Mfpa ,U Kiwfs;
kpft[k; mtrpakhfpd;wd.
E}w;g[G jhf;fpa tpijg;
bghUl;fisj; jtph;j;jy;
E}w;g[G jhf;fpa tpijfs;/ tpijf;
fuizfs;/ fd;Wfs; kw;Wk; ehw;Wfis
(bey;/ nfhJik/ cUisf;fpH';F/
thiH/ bfha;ah/ vYkpr;ir/ jpuhl;ir
kw;Wk; fha;fwpfs;;) jtph;j;jy; kpf Kf;fpa
eltof;ifahFk;. ,tw;wpy; E}w;g[G
ghjpg;g[ ,Ug;gpd;/ mit g[jpa elt[ taypy;
kz;zpy; bgUf;fkile;J mjpfr; nrjj;ij
tpistpf;Fk;.
tpij kw;Wk; tpijg; bghUs; neh;j;jp
™™ bey;/ nfhJik Mfpatw;wpy;
E}w;g[G jhf;fpa kzpfis bte;ePh; nth;Kor;Rfs; cs;s bfha;ah
neh;;j;jp kw;Wk; cg;g[f;fiurypy; jha; nth;Fr;rp
mkpH;j;jp E}w;g[G jhf;fpa kzpfisg;
™™ fha;fwp ehw;Wf;fis 3 rj
gphpj;bjLf;fyhk;.
fhh;nghry;@ghd; fiurypy; 15
™™ cUisf;fpH';fpy; tpijf;fpH';F epkpl';fs; eidj;J gpd; elt[
fspy; xl;oa[s;s Kl;ilf;TL bra;ayhk;.
E}w;g[Gf;fis fGtp mg;g[wg;
™™ gHg;gaph;fshd vYkpr;ir/ bfha;ah/
gLj;jyhk;.
khJis Mfpatw;wpd; ehw;Wf;fs;
™™ ehw;Wf;fspd; nth;fspy; cs;s kw;Wk; gjpad;fspy;; cs;s
nth;Kor;R E}w;g[G kw;Wk; nth;
kz;iz mfw;wp tpl;L mtw;iwf;
mGfy; E}w;g[Gf;fis nth; eid
fhh;nghry;@ghd; fiurypy;
neh;j;jp \yk; mHpf;fyhk;.
tpijneh;j;jp bra;ayhk;. (my;yJ)
™™ E}w;g[G jhf;fpa thiHf; fd;Wfspd;
™™ bgrpnyhikrp!; ypyhrpd!;/
fpH';Ffspy; cs;s mGfpa
bghf;nfhdpah fpshkpnlh!;nghhpah
gFjpiar; rPtp/ gpd; mtw;iw bte;ePh;
neh;j;jp bra;njh/ kz;FHk;gpy; Mfpa Kl;il cz;zpg;
mkpH;j;jp vLj;J fhh;nghgpa{uhd; g{rz';fshy; g{hpjkhf;fg; gl;l
FUiz kUe;jpl;nlh neh;j;jp bjhG cu';fspy; kW elt[ bra;J/
bra;ayhk;. gpd; tay;fspy; elyhk;.

8 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

elt[ taypy; E}w;g[G nkyhz;ik
gaph; tsh;r;rpf; fhyj;jpy; njhd;Wk;
E}w;g[Gf;fis fhh;nghry;@gpa{uhd; 3 rjf;
FUiz kUe;jpl;nlh/ E}w;g[G Kl;il
cz;zpg; g{rz';fshd bgrpnyhikrp!;
ypyhrpd!; my;yJ bghf;nfhdpah
fpshkpnlh!;nghhpah Mfpa Kl;il
cz;zpg; g{rzf; fyitia kf;fpa bjhG
cuj;Jld; fye;J Vf;fUf;F 1 fpnyh ,l;L
fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.
™™ bjhGcuk; vf;lUf;F 10 ld; ,lyhk;.
™™ ntg;gk; g[z;zhf;F/ Vf;fUf;F 200
fpnyh ,lyhk;. nth;Kor;R E}w;g[G kw;Wk;
™™ E}w;g[Gf;fisf; fth;e;jHpf;Fk; g{";rhz Tl;L neha; jhf;fpa
gaph;fshd nfe;jp/ fLF Mfpatw;iw fha;e;j bfha;ah brofs;
CLgapuhfg; gaphplyhk;. fle;j gj;J Mz;Lfspy; gaph;g;
ghJfhg;g[ Kiwfspy; tpUk;gj;jf;f ey;y
™™ fUk;g[ Miyf; fHpthd gpu!; kl;
khw;w';fs; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
Vf;fUf;F 500 fpnyh ,lyhk;.
fhy epiy khWghl;lhy; Vw;gLk; g[jpa g{r;rp
,tw;iwbay;yhk; tpl kpf neha; jhf;fk;/ g{r;rp neha;f; fz;fhzpg;g[
Kf;fpakhdJ g[jpa gFjpfSf;F Kiwfs;/ Rw;Wr;NHy; ngqk; gaph;g;
E}w;g[Gf;fs; gut[tijj; jLf;Fk; ghJfhg;g[ Kiwfs;/ caphpay; Kiwg;
KiwahFk;. ekJ ehl;oy; ,y;yhj gaph;g; ghJfhg;g[/ cHth; eyk; ngqk;
g[jpa rpw;wpd';fs;/ tpijfs; my;yJ tifapy; Fiwe;j brytpy; gaph;g; ghJfhg;g[
tpijg;bghUl;fs; \ykhf btspehl;oy; Mfpatw;wpy; btw;wpaile;njhk; vd;w
,Ue;J gut[tijj; jPtpukhff; nghjpYk;/ g[jpajhfj; njhd;wpg; gut[k; g{r;rp
fz;fhzpf;f ntz;Lk;. ,njnghy; kw;Wk; neha;fis kpFe;j ftdj;Jld;
cs;ehl;oy; xU gFjpapy; ,Ue;J gpw fz;fhzpj;J mtw;wpd; nkyhz;ikapy;
gFjpf;F E}w;g[Gf;fs; tpijg;bghUl;fs; g[jpa bjhHpy; El;g';fisg; g[Fj;jpdhy;
\yk; gut[tijj; jf;f rl;lg{h;t kl;Lnk ehk; ,uz;lhk; gRikg; g[ul;rpf;F
eltof;if \yk; nkw;bfhs;tJ mtrpak;. tpj;jpl ,aYk;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 9

 ðòÁõ¬è ðJ˜èO™ «è£¬ìè£ô
꣰𮂰 ãŸø Þóèƒèœ
ðòÁõ¬èˆ¶¬ø
º¬ùõ˜ î. °ñ«óê¡ îI›ï£´ «õ÷£‡¬ñŠ ð™è¬ô‚ èöè‹
º¬ùõ˜ Þó£. ²î£è˜ «è£ò‹¹ˆÉ˜ & 641 003
º¬ùõ˜ «ü. ݘ. è‡í¡ð£¹ ܬô«ðC : 94434 09996

g aWtiffspy; g[ujr;rj;J
mjpfk;;. ,e;j g[ujr; rj;J ekJ
cly; tsh;r;rpf;Fk;/ mwpthw;wYf;Fk;
kpf cyh;e;j brofs; khl;Lj; jPtdj;jpw;Fr;
rpwg;ghdit.
nfhil fhyj;jpy; fPH;f;fhqk;
kpft[k; mtrpakhdJ. gaW tifg;
gaWtif ,uf';fis njh;t[ bra;J mjpf
gaph;fspy; cs;s g[ujj;jpd; mst[ jhdpag;
tpisr;ry; bgwyhk;.
gaph;fspd; g[ujj;ij xg;gpLifapy;
,uz;L Kjy; \d;W kl';F mjpfkhFk;. Jtiu
nkYk;/ gaWtiffis cl;bfhs;tjhy; tk;gd; 3
jhdpag;gaph;fs; kl;Lk; rhg;gpLtjhy;
,e;j ,ufk; tk;gd; 1 kw;Wk; Fy;gh;fh
Vw;gLk; Kf;fpa mkpndh mkpy
Mfpa ,uf';fis xl;Lnrh;j;J/ gpd;dh;
FiwghLfis epth;j;jp bra;ayhk;.
njh;t[ bra;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J
gaWfs; mtiuf; FLk;gj;ijr; Mog;gl;lk; kw;Wk; nfhilf;fhyj;jpw;F
nrh;e;jit. iunrhgpak; vd;Dk; cfe;j ,ufkhFk;. ,jid
Ez;qaph;fs; gaWtifr; brofspd; jdpg;gapuhft[k;/ fyg;g[g; gapuhft[k;
nth;fs; tHpna EiHe;J/ brofspy; ,Ue;J gaphplyhk;. ,e;j ,ufk; 70 ehl;fspy; g{j;J
rh;f;fiug; bghUl;fis cl;bfhz;L 100 ehl;fspy; vf;lUf;F khdhthhpapy; 880
bgUfp ifkhwhf jiHr;rj;ij <h;j;J/ fpnyh tpisr;ry; jUk;. ,e;j ,ufk; kyl;L
nrkpj;J kz;qf;Fj; je;J cjt[fpd;wd. njky; neha; jh';fp tsh;e;J/ xnu neuj;jpy;
gaW tiffs; CL gapUf;Fk;/fyg;g[g; mWtil bra;at[k; Vw;wjhf cs;sJ.
gaph; rhFgof;Fk; cfe;jit. nkYk;/ nfh (Mh;$p) 7
gaph;r; RHw;rpf;Fk; Vw;wit. ,jdhy; kz;
tsk; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ. bghJthf nfh(Mh;$p) 7 mjpf tpisr;ry;
gaWtifg; gaph;fs; twl;rpiaj; jh';Fk; juf;Toa Jtiu ,ufkhFk;. ,J gp.gp.
jd;ika[k;/ kz;zpd; mog;ghfj;jpypUe;J 9825 vd;w tsh;g;gpypUe;J jdptHpj;
ePiu fpufpf;Fk; jd;ika[k; bfhz;lit. njh;t[ \yk; njh;t[ bra;ag;gl;lJ. ,J
jl;ilg;gaW/ bfhs;S/ ghrpg;gaW/ khdhthhp kw;Wk; ,witapy; gaph; bra;a
cSe;J kw;Wk; nrhahbkhr;irapd; cfe;j ,ufkhFk;. ,e;j ,ufk; ruhrhpahf

10 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 Jtiu - nfh (Mh;$p) 7
vf;lUf;F 1020 fpnyh tpisr;ry;
juty;yJ. ,J vf;lUf;F 2800 fpnyh
tiu mjpf tpisr;ry; jUfpwJ. E}W
tpijfspd; vil 9.0 - 11.4 fpuhk; tiu
cs;sJ. ,e;j ,ufj;jpy; mjpf fpisfs;/
mjpf fha; bfhj;Jf;fs;/ mjpf fha;fs;
,Ug;gjhy; mjpf tpisr;ry; jUfpwJ. ,J
Mog;gl;lj;jpy; vy;yh khtl;l';fspYk;
gaphpl Vw;wJ. ghrd ePh; trjp cs;s
,l';fspy; nfhilf;fhyj;jpYk; gaphpl
Vw;wJ.
cSe;J
tk;gd; 4
,e;j ,ufk; midj;J gUt';fspYk;
gaphpl Vw;wJ. ,jd; taJ 75 - 80
ehl;fs;. khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F 780
fpnyh tpisr;rYk;/ ,witapy; vf;lUf;F
900 fpnyh tpisr;rYk; jUk;. ,e;j ,ufk;
k";rs; njky; neha; jhf;FjYf;F vjph;g;g[
rf;jp bfhz;lJ.
tk;gd; 6
,e;j ,ufk; midj;J gUt';fspYk;
gaphpl Vw;wJ. ,jd; taJ 65-70 ehl;fs;.
àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
cSe;J - tk;gd; 6
,e;j ,ufk; ruhrhpahf xU vf;lUf;F
890 fpnyh tpisr;ry; juty;yJ. k";rs;
njky; neha; kw;Wk; rhk;gy; neha;f;F
vjph;g;g[ rf;jpa[ilaJ.
tk;gd; 8
,e;j ,ufk; midj;J gUt';fspYk;
gaphpl Vw;wJ. ,jd; taJ 65 - 70 ehl;fs;.
khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F 871 fpnyh
tpisr;rYk;/ ,witapy; vf;lUf;F 988
fpnyh tpisr;rYk; jUk;. ,e;j ,ufk; Xnu
rkaj;jpy; mWtilf;F Vw;wJ. ,ae;jpu
mWtil bra;a Vw;w ,ufk;. ,e;j ,ufk;
k";rs; njky; neha;/ Edpf;fUfy; kw;Wk;
rhk;gy; neha; jhf;FjYf;F vjph;g;g[ rf;jp
bfhz;lJ.
VOo 5
,e;j ,ufk; bey; jhprpy; ($dthp)
bjd;Mh;f;fhL/ j";rht{h;/ jpUth+h;/
ehfg;gl;odk;/ jpUr;rp/ jpUbey;ntyp kw;Wk;
J}j;Jf;Fo khtl;l';fspYk;/ nfhil
,iwitapy; (gpg;uthp - khh;r;) br';fy;gl;L/
tl Mh;f;fhL/ bjd;Mh;f;fhL/ jh;kg[hp/
j";rht{h;/ jpUr;rp/ g[Jf;nfhl;il kw;Wk;
kJiu khtl;l';fspYk; gaphpl Vw;wJ.
HŠóõK & 2017 11
 cSe;J - VOo 5
,jd; taJ 62 ehl;fs;. ,J ruhrhpahf xU
vf;lUf;F 1300 fpnyh tpisr;ry; juty;yJ.
ghrpg;gaW
nfh 6
,e;j ,ufk;/ lg[s;a[ $p$p 37 x nfh 5
vd;w ,uf';fis xl;L nrh;j;J
jdptHpj;njh;t[ \yk; njh;t[ bra;ag;gl;lJ. jkpHfj;jpd; midj;J khtl;l';
jkpHfj;jpd; midj;J khtl;l';fspYk;
Mo kw;Wk; g[ul;lhrpg; gl;l';fspy;
khdhthhpahf gaphpl Vw;wJ. ,jd; taJ
62-67 ehl;fs;. khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F 900
fpnyh tpisr;rYk;/ ,witapy; vf;lUf;F
1050 fpnyh tpisr;rYk; jUk;. k";rs;
njky; neha;f;F vjph;g;g[ rf;jp bfhz;lJ.
nfh 8
,e;j ,ufk; nfh$p$p 923 x tprp
6040V vd;w ,uf';fis xl;L nrh;j;J
jdptHpj;njh;t[ \yk; njh;t[ bra;ag;gl;lJ.
,J 55 - 60 ehl;fspy; tsuf;Toa Fiwe;j
taJilaJ. ,J ruhrhpahf xU vf;lUf;F
845 fpnyh tpisr;ry; juty;yJ.
,e;j ,ufk; xnu rkaj;jpy; fha;fs;
Kjph;r;rpaila[k; jd;ik bfhz;ljhy;
,ae;ju mWtilf;F Vw;wJ. ,J k";rs;
ghrpg;gaW - nfh 8
njky; neha;/ ntuGfy; neha; kw;Wk;
Edpf;fUfy; neha;fis Xust[ jh';fp
tsUk; jd;ika[ilaJ. rhW cwp";Rk;
g{r;rpfshd ,iyg;ngd; kw;Wk; jz;L<
jhf;Fjiy jh';fp tsuf;ToaJ.
tk;gd;($p$p) 3
fspYk; Mo kw;Wk; g[ul;lhrpg; gl;l';fspy;
khdhthhpahf gaphpl Vw;wJ. ,jd; taJ
65 - 70 ehl;fs;. khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F
759 fpnyh tpisr;rYk;/ ,witapy;
vf;lUf;F 950 fpnyh tpisr;rYk;
juty;yJ. ,J k";rs; njky; neha;f;F
kpjkhd vjph;g;g[j; jpwd; bfhz;lJ.
jl;ilg;gaW
nfh 6
jkpHfj;jpd; midj;J khtl;;l';
fspYk;/ khdhthhpahft[k;/ nfhilapy;
,witg; gapuhft[k; gaphpl Vw;wJ.
,jd; taJ 65 - 70 ehl;fs;. ,jd; tpijfs;
,s k";rs; epwk; bfhz;lit.
khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F 670 fpnyh
tpisr;ry; ju ty;yJ.

12 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 jl;ilg;gaW - nfh 6
nfh (rpgp)7
jkpHfj;jpd; midj;J khtl;l';
fspYk; Mdp/ Mo/ g[ul;lhrpg; gl;l';fspYk;/
nfhilapy; ,witg; gapuhft[k; gaphpl
cfe;jJ. ,jd; taJ 70-75 ehl;fs;. ,jd;
tpijfs; btspwpa gGg;g[ epwKk; rJu
totKk; bfhz;;lit. khdhthhpapy;
jl;ilg;gaW - nfh (rpgp) 7
vf;lUf;F 1000 fpnyh tpisr;ry; jUk;.
,witapy; vf;lUf;F 1600 fpnyh tiu
tpisr;ry; fpilf;Fk;.
nkny Fwpg;gpl;l nfhil rhFgof;F
Vw;w ,uf';fis jj;jk; gFjpfspy;
rhFgo bra;J ey;y tpisr;riyg; bgw;W
gadila[khW nfhl;Lf;bfhs;fpnwd;.

nfs;tpf;F vd;d gjpy;. ..>

nfs;tp : fhy;eilfis btwpeha; foj;jhy; vd;d bra;a ntz;Lk;>
gjpy; : fogl;l ,lj;ijj; jz;zPh;bfhz;L 5-10 epkplk; tiu (fGtp) Rj;jk;
bra;antz;Lk;. fogl;l ,lj;ijr; nrhg;g[ bfhz;L fGtp tplntz;Lk;. o";rh;
mnahod; kUe;ij fhaj;jpd; kPJ jltp tpl;L/ mUfpy; cs;s fhy;eil
kUj;Jth;fis mqf ntz;Lk;.
nfs;tp : fhy;eilfisg; ghk;g[ foj;jt[ld; vd;d bra;antz;Lk;>
gjpy; : ghk;g[ foj;j ,lj;jpw;F nkny 3” Kjy; 5”f;Ff; fl;L nghlt[k;. gpd;dh; ,uj;jk;
btspnaw tplt[k;. foj;j ,lj;ijr; ryit nrhg;g[ bfhz;L Rj;jk; bra;J
mUfpy; cs;s fhy;eil kUe;jfj;ij my;yJ fhy;eil kUj;Jth;fis
mqft[k;.
nfs;tp : koneha; jhf;fpa khLfspd; ghiy mUe;Jtjhy; kdpjh;fSf;Fj; jP';F
Vw;gLkh>
gjpy; : koneha; fz;l khLfspd; ghypy; rpy Ez;qaphpfspd; er;Rg;bghUs;
fye;jpUg;gjhy; ,j;jF ghiy mUe;Jk; kdpjh;fSf;F tapw;Wg; nghf;F/
bjhz;il typ nghd;wit Vw;gLk;. ed;wp : fhy;eilf; fjph;
brg;lk;gh;. 2016

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 13

 ðòÁõ¬èŠ ðJ˜èœ ꣰ð®J™
ð£ó‹ðKòˆ ªî£N™¸†ðƒèœ
1. ðòÁõ¬èˆ ¶¬ø
2. õ÷ƒ°¡ø£ ܃èè «õ÷£‡¬ñˆ ¶¬ø
º¬ùõ˜ ². ê‡ðèõœO îI›ï£´ «õ÷£‡¬ñŠ ð™è¬ô‚èöè‹
º¬ùõ˜ è. è«íê¡ «è£ò‹¹ˆÉ˜ & 641 003
ܬô«ðC : 94437 66767

gh
Fwpg;gpl;l
uk;ghpaj; bjhHpy;El;gk; vd;gJ
xU Fwpg;gpl;l kf;fshy; xU
fhyfl;lj;jpy; mth;fspd;
nghd;wit tpij neh;j;jpf;fhf ek;
Kd;ndhh;fshy; filgpof;fg;gl;l
ghuk;ghpa bjhHpy; El;g';fshFk;.
mwpt[j;jpwd; kw;Wk; mDgtk;
khdhthhpahf gaphplg;gLk;
Mfpatw;wpd; mog;gilapy; Muhag;gl;L
gaWtifg; gaph;fspy; kz; kw;Wk;
filgpof;fg;gl;L tUk; bjhHpy;
ePh; nkyhz;ikapy; filgpof;fg;gLk;
El;gkhFk;. bray; jpl;l';fspd; \ykhf
xU re;jjpapypUe;J kw;bwhU re;jjpf;Fg;
ghuk;ghpaj; bjhHpy; El;g';fs; ahit>
gutf;Toa ,j;jifa bjhHpy;El;gj;jpid CLgaph;/ \Lgaph;/ fyg;g[g;gaph;/
vspjpy; khw;wk; bra;a ,ayhJ. gy FWf;Fr]rhy] cHt[/ FWf;F - beLf;F
ghuk;ghpa bjhHpy;El;g';fs; ,d;iwa cHt[/ MH cHt[/ nfhil cHt[/
etPd bjhHpy; El;g';fSf;F monfhyhf
tps';fpapUf;fpd;wd.
tpij neh;j;jpf]fhd ghuk;ghpa
bjhHpy; El;gk] VjhtJ cs;sdth>
khdhthhpapy; tpijf;fg;gLk;
gaph;fs; twl;rpapid jh';fp tsh;e;jpl
khl;Lf; nfhkpak; bfhz;L tpij Kyhk;
g{Rjy;/ neha; vjph;g;g[j; jpwidg; bgw;wpl
trk;g[j;J}s; Kyhk; g{Rjy]/ fodkhd
tpijfisj; jz;zPhpy; Cwitj;J
tpijj;jy;/ tpijfisg; g[spj;j nkhhpy;
eidj;J tpijj;jy;/ ikjh mug;g[
THpy; g{rp tpijj;jy;/ rhzf; fiurypy;
Cwitj;J tpijj;jy;/ gP$hkph]j]jf] ,";rp/ g{z;L/ kpsfha; rhW
fiurypy] cwitj]J tpijj]jy] jahhpj;jy;

14 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ


gwitj; jh';fp
bjhlh; cHt[/ fy;; tug;g[ nghd;w kz]ts
nkyhz]ikf]fhd ghuk;ghpaj; bjhHpy;
El;g';fSk]/ kz;zpid gz;gLj;Jk;
bjhHpy;El;g';fshd tz;ly; kz; kw;Wk;
gaph;f; fHpt[fis tay;fspy; ,Ljy;
nghd;wita[k; Fwpg]gplj]jf]fit. tofhy;
ePhpid mWtil bra;jy;/ gz;izf;
Fl;il mikj;jy;/ kiHePiuf; bfhz;L
fpzw;wpid epug;g[jy; nghd;wit ePh;
nkyhz;ikj; ghuk]ghpaj] bjhHpy;
El;g';fshFk].
ghuk]ghpa gaph] tsh]r]rp Cf]fpfs]
ahit >
g"]rft]ak]/ gP$hkph]jk] g[if\l]lk]/
nghd]wit ntshz]ikapy] gad]gLjg]
gLk] ghuk]ghpa tsh]r]rp Cf]fpfshFk].
ghuk]ghpa fisf] fl]Lg]ghl]L
Kiwfs] rpytw]iwf] Fwpg]gpLf>
gSf]F/ mhpthy]/ fisf]bfhj]jp/
fyg]ig/ nghd]w cgfuz']fisg] gad]
gLj]Jjy]/ gaph]r]RHw]rp/ \Lgaph]/ fyg]g[g]
gaph] nghd]w gaph] ntshz]ik a[f]jpfisf]
filgpoj]jy]/ gaph] tpijfis rPuhf
J}t[jy]/ vhpj]jy]/ fy] cg]g[f] fiury]
bjspj]jy] nghd]wit fisf]
fl]Lghl]ow]fhd ghuk]ghpa KiwfshFk].
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gaW tifg; gaph;fspy; g{r;rp
nkyhz]ikf]fhf ghuk;ghpa bjhHpy;
El;g';fs; VjhtJ cs;sdth>
jhtu g{r;rpf; bfhy;ypfshd behr;rp
,iyr;rhW (5rjtpfpjk;)/ fw;whiy
,iyr;rhW (5 rjtpfpjk;)/ fhl;lhkzf;F
,iyr;rhW (5 rjtpfpjk;)/ rPj;jh ,iy +
MLjpd;dhg;ghis ,iyr;rhW
(3 rjtpfpjk;)/ nrhw;Wf; fw;whiyr]rhW +
k";rs;J}s] + kpsfha;J}s; (2.5 rjtpfpjk;)/
vUf;F ,iyr;rhW + g{z;L + bt';fhak; +
kpsfha;j;J}s; (3 rjtpfpjk;)/ musp
,iyr;rhW (5 rjtpfpjk;)/ khl;Lr;rhzk;
(5 fpnyh) + nfhkpak; (5 ypl;lh;) +
Rz;zhk;g[ (200 fpuhk;) fye]jf] fiury;
nghd;wit gaWtifg; gaph;fspy;
njhd;Wk; g{r;rpfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;jpl ek]
Kd]ndhh]fshy] gad;gLj;jg]gl]l
ghuk;ghpaj; bjhHpy; El;g';fshFk;.
nrkpg;gpd;nghJ gaWtif
jhdpa']fis g{r;rp jhf;Fjypy;
,Ue]J ghJfhj]jpl gpd]gw]wg]
gLk; ghuk;ghpaj] bjhHpy; El;g';fs]
ahit >
behr;rp ,iyj;J}s; (5 rjtpfpjk;)/
behr;rp + ntk;g[ ,iyj;J}s; (2.5 rjtpfpjk;)/
k";rs;J}s; (5rjtpfpjk;)/ a{f;fypg;l!;
,iyj;J}s; + kuj;J}s; (5 rjtpfpjk;)/
trk;gj[ J
; }s; (3 rjtpfpjk;)/ rPj;jh tpijj;J}s;
(5 rjtpfpjk;) nghd;wtw]iw tpijfSld]
fye]Jk]/ jhtu vz]bza] (ntk;g[/ g[';fk;/
Mkzf;F/ nj';fha;) kw]Wk] brk;kz;
gad]gLj]jp tpij Kyhk; g{rpa[k;
nrkpg]gpy] njhd]Wk] g{r;rpfis fl;Lg;gLj;jp
te;Js;sdh;.
HŠóõK & 2017 15
gaWtifg] gaph]fspy] gad]gLj]jg]
gLk] ghuk]ghpa neha] jLg]g[ Kiwfs]
ahit >
nky] rhk]gy] neha]f]F japh] (9 yp)
kw]Wk] bghU']fhak] (112 fpuhk]) fiury]
bjspj]jy]/ nth] mGfy] neha]f]F
bt']fhak] - rhzf] fiury] bjspj]jy]/
nkl]Lg]ghj]jp/ gaph]r] RHw]r]rp nghd]wit
jhtu neha] nkyhz]ikf;fhd rpy
ghuk]ghpa bjhHpy] El]g']fshFk].
ghuk]]ghpaj] bjhHpy]El]g']fis
kl]Lnk gad]gLj]jp gaWtifg]
gaph]fspy] epiwthd tpisr;riyg]
bgw ,aYkh >
bghJthf ghuk]ghpaj] bjhHpy] El]g']fs] behr;rp ,iyr;rhW jahhpj;jy;
tpiy kypthdit/ Rw]Wr] R{HYf]F El]g']fis ,d]iwa etPd ntshz]
bfLjy] tpistpf]fhjit/ kpft[k] vspjpy] bjhHpy] El]g']fSld] xU']fpizj;J
fpilf]fg]bgWk] bghUl]fisf] bfhz]L gad]gLj]jp gaWtifg] gaph]fspy]
jahhpf]fg]gLgit. ghuk]ghpa bjhHpy] epiwthd tpisr;riyg] bgw]wplyhk].

ܡ𣘉î õ£êè˜è«÷...
cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik ,jiH bjhlh;;e;J goj;J Mjuit ey;fp tUk;
thrfh;fSf;F v';fsJ ed;wpia bjhptpj;Jf; bfhs;fpnwhk;.

Mz;L re;jh - +. 200/-

Mz;L re;jh(epWtdk;) - +. 3000/-
Ma[s; re;jh(15 Mz;Lfs; ) - +. 2000/-
cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik ,jGf;F mjpfg;goahd re;jhjhuh;fis
nrh;j;J cHth;fs; bjhlh;e;J Mjuit jUkhW ntz;Lfpd;nwhk;.
Mrphpah;
cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik

16 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 õø†C‚«èŸø ÍL¬èŠ
ðJ˜èO¡ ꣰𮠰PŠ¹èœ
ÍL¬è ñŸÁ‹ ïÁñíŠðJ˜èœ ¶¬ø
º¬ùõ˜ ². ðˆñŠKò£ îI›ï£´ «õ÷£‡¬ñŠ ð™è¬ô‚èöè‹
º¬ùõ˜ è. Þó£ü£ñE «è£ò‹¹ˆÉ˜ & 641 003
ܬô«ðC : 94863 91863

g H';fhyk; bjhl;L jhtu';fs; jhd;

\ypiffs;
bghUl;fs;
kw;Wk;
jahhpg;gpy;
thridg;
Kjd;ikahf
™™ cyfstpy; \ypifg; bghUl;fs;
Vw;Wkjpapy; ,e;jpah ,uz;lhtJ
,lk; tfpf;fpwJ. Mz;L njhWk;
tps';FfpwJ. gz;ila fhy';fspy; Rkhh; 200 tifahd kUe;J brofs;
bgUk;ghyhd \ypifr; brofs; Vw;Wkjp bra;ag;gLfpd;wd.
,aw;ifahd fhLfspypUe;Jjhd;
nrfhpf;fg;gl;ld. fhLfs; bjhlh;e;J ™™ ehbl';Fk; Rkhh; 5000f;Fk; nkw;gl;l
mHpe;J tUtjhy; ,k;\ypifr; brofSk; \ypif kUe;J bghUl;fs;
mHpe;J tUfpd;wd. jw;nghJ ,tw;wpd; jahhpf;fg;gLk; bjhHpw;rhiyfs;
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; cs;ehl;oYk;/ Vw;Wkjp cs;sd.
re;ijapYk; tsh;e;J tUfpwJ. ,jdhy;
™™ ,jd; \yk; Mz;ow;F 550 nfho
tptrha epy';fspy; \ypif rhFgoapd;
+gha; vd;w mstpy; me;epar;
mtrpaKk; bgUfp tUfpd;wJ. jkpH;ehl;oy;
cs;s jl;gbtg;g epiy gyjug;gl;l bryhtzp <l;o tUfpwJ.
\ypiffs; rhFgof;F cfe;jjhf \ypif rhFgoiag; bghUj;j tiu/
cs;sJ. ,e;jpahtpy; rhjfkhd NH;epiyfs; epytp
\ypifj; jhtu';fspd; cw;gj;jp tUfpwJ. Fwpg;ghf jl;gbtg;gepiy kw;Wk;
gy Jiwfspy; ,d;wpaikahjjhf kz;tsk; Mfpait Vw;wjhf cs;sd.
cs;sJ. ,tw;Ws; kUe;J jahhpj;jy;/ ,aw;if mspj;Js;s ,j;jhtuj;ij ehk;
mHF rhjd bghUl;fs; jahhpg;g[ kw;Wk; jFe;j Kiwapy; gad;gLj;jp ,yhgk;
eWkz vz;bza; cw;gj;jpapy; mjpfg';F
mila ntz;;Lk;.
tfpf;fpd;wd.
jw;nghJ jkpH;ehl;oy; \ypiffs;
™™ cyf Rfhjhu epWtdj;jpd;
gytw;iw tzpf uPjpapy; gaph;
fzf;bfLg;gpd;go/ \ypifg;
bra;tjw;fhd tha;g;g[fs; cs;sd.
gaph;fspd; ,d;iwa njit 14
,e;jpahitg; bghWj;jtiu 143 kpy;ypad;
kpy;ypad; mbkhpf;f lhyh; MFk;.
tUk; fhy';fspy; ,jd; njit vf;lh; rhFgo bra;af;Toa epy';fspy;
,d;Dk; mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk; vdt[k; Rkhh; 108 kpy;ypad; vf;lh; (mjhtJ 75
fzpj;Js;sdh;. rjtpfpjk;) khdhthhp epy';fshfnt

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 17

cs;sd. mtw;Ws; 47 kpy;ypad; vf;lh;
gug;gst[ twz;l epy';fns MFk;. ghrd
ePh; Fiwthf my;yJ Kw;wpYk; ,y;yhj
,j;jifa twz;l epy';fspy; gaph; rhFgo
bra;tJ vd;gJ tptrhapfSf;F ,d;Wk;
xU rthyhfnt cs;sJ. ,j;jifa
NH;epiyapy; Fiwe;j guhkhpg;ig
bfhz;L mjpf ,e;jpa bryhtzpia
<l;oj; jUk; \ypifg; gaph;fis twz;l
epy';fspy; rhFgor; bra;tjd; \yk;
tptrhag; bgUkf;fspd; thH;f;if
juk; bgUk; mstpy; cah;fpwJ.
twl;rpiaj; jh';fp ed;F tsuf;Toa
tzpf hPjpahf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; bgw;w rpy
\ypifg; gaph;fspd; rhFgo Fwpg;g[fisg;
gw;wp ghh;g;nghk;.
epythif (brd;dh)
™™ jpUbey;ntyp brd;dh vd;wiHf;fg;
gLk; ,g;gaph;/ jkpH;ehl;oy;/ Fwpg;ghf
twz;l epy';fisf; bfhz;l
jpUbey;ntyp/ kJiu/ ,uhkehjg[uk;/
J}j;Jf;Fo/ tpUJefh; nghd;w
khtl;l';fspy; bgUkstpy; rhFgo
bra;ag;gLfpwJ.
™™ jw;bghGJ/ Rkhh; 6000 vf;lh;
gug;gstpy; tzpf hPjpahf rhFgo
bra;ag;gl;L/ Mz;L njhWk; 5000 ld;
18 HŠóõK & 2017
cyh;e;j ,iyfSk;/ fha;fSk;
cw;gj;jp bra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. ,tw;Ws;/
75 rjtpfpjk; Vw;Wkjp bra;ag;gl;L/
Mz;LnjhWk; Rkhh; 50 kpy;ypad;
+gha; tiu md;dpa brythzpia
<l;oj; jUfpwJ.
gad;fs;
™™ ,aw;if kykpsf;fpahd brd;dh
mnyhgjp/ Ma[h;ntjk; kw;Wk;
a[dhdp Mfpa kUj;jt Kiwfspy;
cgnahfg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
™™ brd;dh ,iyfs; kw;Wk; fha;fspy;
cs;s brdrha;L “V” kw;Wk; “gp” Mfpa
\yg;bghUl;fs; kykpsf;fpahf
bray;gl;L/ \y neha;f;F kUe;jhf
gad;gLfpd;wJ.
mtiu FLk;gj;ijr; rhh;e;j brd;dh/
Rkhh; 75 br.kP. cauk; tiu tsh;e;J/
btsph; k";rs; epw g{f;fs; kw;Wk; fUePy
fha;fisa[k; bfhz;oUf;Fk;.
,uf';fs;
nf.nf. vk; -1/ nrhdh
rhFgo Fwpg;g[fs;
™™ brk;kz;/ kzy; fye;j fspkz;
kw;Wk; tsk; Fiwe;j fsh; kw;Wk;
cth; epy';fspYk; brd;dh rhFgo
bra;ayhk;. tofhy; trjpa[ila
epy';fs; brd;dh rhFgof;F kpft[k;
Vw;wJ/ brd;dh xU btg;gkz;ly
gapuhifahy;/ twl;rpahd jl;g
btg;gepiyapy; rhFgo bra;a Vw;wJ.
jkpHfj;jpy; ,g;gapiu bgUk;ghYk;
tptrhapfs; khdhthhp gapuhfnt
rhFgo bra;fpd;wdh;.
àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
™™ etk;gh; - ork;gh; khj';fspy; gaph; epj;afy;ahzp
bra;tjw;F xU vf;lUf;F 25 fpnyh
™™ twl;rpiaj; jh';fp/ khdhthhpahf
tpijfs; nghJkhdJ.
tsUk; kUe;Jr; brofspy;
™™ tpijfs; tpijj;j 15 ehl;fSf;Fs; epj;afy;ahzpa[k; xd;W. ,e;jpahtpy;
Kisg;g[ Kw;W bgWk;. jkpH;ehL/ Me;jpuh/ fh;ehlfh/
™™ xU vf;lUf;F 50 fpnyh jiHr;rj;J/ m!;!hk;/ t';fhsk; Mfpa
25 fpnyh kzpr;rj;J kw;Wk; 40 fpnyh khepy';fspy; Rkhh; 3000 vf;lh;
rhk;gy;rj;J juty;y ,urhad gug;gstpy; ,g;gaph; rhFgo
cu';fis mo cukhf ,l ntz;Lk;. bra;ag;gl;L tUfpwJ.

™™ gpd;dh; 25 fpnyh jiHr;rj;jpid ™™ b$h;kdp/ ,j;jhyp/ bejh;yhe;J/

,';fpyhe;J nghd;w ehLfs;
tpijj;j 40 kw;Wk; 80 tJ ehl;fspy;
Mz;LnjhWk; Rkhh; 2000 ld; ,iy
nkYukhf ,l ntz;Lk;.
kw;Wk; nth;fis ,wf;Fkjp bra;J
™™ tpijj;j 90-tJ ehl;fspypUe;J tUfpd;wd.
,iyfis ghpf;fyhk;. ,uz;lhtJ
kw;Wk; \d;whtJ mWtilfs; 30
ehl;fs; ,ilbtspapy; bra;ayhk;.
filrp mWtilapy; brofis
ntnwhL gpL';fp ,iyfisa[k;/
fha;fisa[k; gphpbjLj;J gjg;gLj;j
ntz;Lk;.
™™ gaphpd; bkhj;j taJ 150 Kjy; 170
ehl;fshFk;. xU vf;lhpypUe;J
1000 fpnyh cyh;e;j ,iyfSk;/ ™™ epj;afy;ahzpapy; tpd;gpsh!;od;/
400 fpnyh tpijfSk; tpisr;ryhff; tpd;fphp!;od; nghd;w Kf;fpakhd
fpilf;Fk;. My;fyha;Lfs; ,iyapYk;/
m$;khy;rpd; kw;Wk; brh;gd;ild;
mWtil bra;j ,iy kw;Wk;
nthpYk; mjpf mst[ kUe;Jg;
fha;fis fhw;nwhl;lKs;s miwfspy;
bghUl;fs; (0.75 - 1.20 rjtpfpjk;)
gug;gp rPuhf cyh;j;j ntz;Lk;.
ml';fpa[s;sd. ,k;\ypifr;bro
,t;tifapy; ,tw;iw Kw;wpYk;
twl;rpahd ,l';fspy; mjpfk;
cyuitf;f Ie;J ehl;fs; MFk;.
fhzg;gLk;.
Kw;wpYk; cyh;j;jg;gl;l ,iyfs;
gad;fs;
,sk;gr;ir epwj;Jld; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
rhpahf gjg;gLj;jg;glhj ,iyfspy; ™™ nthpy; cs;s My;fyha;Lfs;
brd;ndhirL My;fyha;Lfs; Fiwe;J ,uj;j mGj;jj;ij fl;Lg;gLj;jt[k;
tpLk;. gad;gLfpd;wJ.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 19

™™ 90 Kjy; 100 br.kP. cauk; tsuf; m!;tfe;jh (mKf;fpuh'; fpH';F)
Toa ,r;broapd; midj;Jg;
m!;tfe;jh vd;w \ypif ,e;jpad;
ghf';fSk; kUe;J bghUl;fs;
$pd;br'; vd;W miHf;fg;gl;L kj;jpa
jahhpg;gpy; gad;gLfpwJ.
gpunjr khepyj;jpy; Rkhh; 4000 vf;lh;
,uf';fs; gug;gstpy; rhFgo bra;ag;gl;L tUfpwJ.
kj;jpa \ypif kw;Wk; thrid Mz;LnjhWk; 1500 ld; nth;fs; cw;gj;jp
gaph;fs; epiyak;/ yf;ndhtpy; ,Ue;J bra;ag;gl;L mbkhpf;fh/ ,';fpyhe;J/
rLjpkhw;wj;jpd; \yk; “eph;ky;” kw;Wk; b$h;kdp nghd;w ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjp
“jthy;” vd;w ,uz;L btz;zpw ,uf';fs; bra;ag;gLfpwJ.
btspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ.
gad;fs;
rhFgo Fwpg;g[fs; m!;tfe;jh nth;/ cly; eyj;ijg;
™™ twl;rpahd jl;g btg;g epiyfis ngzpf; fhf;ft[k;/ neha; vjph;g;g[r; rf;jpia
bfhz;l jhpR kw;Wk; fhpry; epy';fs; Vw;gLj;jt[k;/ thjk;/ euk;g[j;jsh;r;rp/
rhFgof;F Vw;wit. tapw;Wg;g[z; nghd;w cghijfisf;
™™ brg;lk;gh; kw;Wk; mf;nlhgh; Fzg;gLj;jt[k; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
khj';fspy; tpijg;gjw;F xU m!;tfe;jh nthpy; 0.13 Kjy; 0.30
vf;lUf;F 2.5 fpnyh tpij rjtpfpjk; tiu kUe;J \yg; bghUl;fs;
njitg;gLfpwJ. brofis ml';fpa[s;sd. ,tw;Ws; tpj;jhdpd; kw;Wk;
45 x 35 br.kP. ,ilbtspapy; elt[ nrhk;dpbghpd; Mfpait Kf;fpakhdit.
bra;a ntz;Lk;.
,uf';fs;
™™ moa[ukhf 15 ld; bjhGt[uKk;/
50 fpnyh jiHr;rj;Jk;/ 75 fpnyh ™™ “$tQh;” vd;Dk; cah; tpisr;ry;
kzpr;rj;Jk;/ 75 fpnyh rhk;gy;rj;J ,ufk; $tQh;yhy; neU
njitg;gLfpwJ. ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiyak;/
kj;jpa gpunjr khepyj;jpypUe;J
™™ tpijj;j MWkhj';fspy; ,iyfis
btspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ.
mWtil bra;ayhk;. nkYk;/ xU
Mz;L fHpj;J jiu kl;lj;jpypUe;J
8 br.kP. cauj;jpw;F btl;o jz;L
kw;Wk; ,iyfis gphpj;bjLf;f
ntz;Lk;. gpd;g[ nth;g;ghfj;ij
njhz;obaLj;J epHypy; cyh;j;j
ntz;Lk;.
™™ khdhthhp gaphpy; vf;lUf;F
750 fpnyh nth;fSk;/ 1000 fpnyh
jz;L kw;Wk; ,iyfSk;
tpisr;ryhff; fpilf;Fk;.

20 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

™™ nkYk;/ kj;jpa \ypif kw;Wk; thrid
gaph;fs; epiyak;/ yf;ndhtpy;
,Ue;J “,uf;#pjh” vd;wiHf;fg;gLk;
,ufk; btspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ.
rhFgo Fwpg;g[fs;
™™ jhpR/ fsh;/ cth; kw;Wk;
kzw;gh';fhd epy';fs; rhFgof;F
Vw;wit.
™™ m!;tfe;jh tpijfs; \yk;
,dg;bgUf;fk; bra;ag;gLfpwJ. xU
vf;lUf;F 12 Kjy; 15 fpnyh tpij
njitg;gLfpwJ.
™™ neuoahf tpijg;gjw;F brg;lk;gh; -
mf;nlhgh; khj';fs; Vw;wit. ed;F
gz;gLj;jpa epyj;jpy; 60 x 60 br.kP.
,ilbtspapy; elt[ bra;a ntz;Lk;.
el;lgpd; 5 - 6 khjj;jpy; gaph;
mWtilf;Fj; jahuhfptpLk;.
™™ xU vf;lUf;F 40 : 60 : 40 fpnyh jiH/
kzp kw;Wk; rhk;gy; rj;Jf;fis
,l ntz;Lk;. ,tw;wpy; ghjp mst[
jiHr;rj;J kw;Wk; KG mst[ kzpr;
rj;J kw;Wk; rhk;gy; rj;J cu';fs;
moa[ukhf ,l ntz;Lk;. kWghjp
jiHr;rj;J cuj;jpid tpijj;j 60
ehl;fspy; ,l ntz;Lk;.
™™ tpijj;j 180 ehl;fspy; nth;fis
mWtil bra;ayhk;. Mzpnth;
nrjkilahj tz;zk; gpL';f
ntz;Lk;.
™™ xU vf;lUf;F 500 fpnyh cyh;e;j
nth;fSk;/ 70 fpnyh tpijfSk;/
8 - 10 ld; ,iyfSk; fpilf;Fk;.
™™ mWtil bra;j nth;fis 7 Kjy;
10 br.kP. ePsKs;s rpWJz;Lfshf
àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
btl;o epHypy; xU thuj;jpw;F
cyh;j;j ntz;Lk;. nth;fis Rj;jk;
bra;j gpd;g[ juk; thhpahfg; gphpf;f
ntz;Lk;.
Jsrp
Jsrp xU FW";bro. tPLfspy;
ghj;jpfspYk;/ bjhl;ofspYk; el;L
gaphplyhk;. mjpf Nhpa xspa[k; btg;gKk;
tsh;r;rpf;F cfe;jJ. Jsrp ,iyfs;
khh;g[r;rsp kw;Wk; ,Uky; ePf;Ftjw;Fk;/
fha;r;riyf; Fzg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;/ ,uj;j
mGj;jj;ijf; Fiwg;gjw;Fk; gad;gLfpwJ.
,jd; tpijfs; rpWePuf kw;Wk; fy;yPuy;
cghijfisg; nghf;f ty;yJ.
grpiaj; J}z;Ltjw;Fk; cwf;fj;ij
cz;lhf;Ftjw;Fk;/ tapw;W cghijfisr;
rhp bra;tjw;Fk; gad;gLfpwJ.
,iyapypUe;J xU rjtpfpj thrid
vz;bza; vLf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjpy; a{$pdhy;
70 - 80 rjtpfpjk;/ kw;w ntjpg;bghUl;fshd
kPijy; nrtpfhy;/ kPijy; a{$pshy;/
nfhpnah@igypd;/ oiublh;.gPd; rpdpnahy;
kw;Wk; ypdhY}s; ml';fpa[s;sJ.
Jsrp tpij \yk; ,dg;bgUf;fk;
bra;ag;gLfpwJ. xU vf;lhpy; tpijf;f
Ie;J fpnyh tpijfs; njitg;gLk;. xU
vf;lh; epyj;jpy; 15 ld; bjhG vUit
moa[ukhf ,l;L/ ed;F cGJ rkd; bra;j
gpwF thpirfSf;fpilna 60 br.kP.
,ilbtspa[k;/ brofSf;fpilna 30 br.kP.
,ilbtspa[k; ,Uf;FkhW ehw;Wfis
el ntz;Lk;. brofspd; rPuhd tsh;r;rpf;F
75 fpnyh jiHr;rj;J/ 20 fpnyh kzpr;rj;J
kw;Wk; 20 fpnyh rhk;gy; rj;J ,l
ntz;Lk;. ,iyfs; rw;W k";rshf khw
Muk;gpj;jt[ld; mWtilia Muk;gpf;ft[k;.
xU Mz;ow;F 15 Kjy; 20 ehl;fs;
,ilbtspapy; \d;W Kjy; ehd;F Kiw
HŠóõK & 2017 21
mWtil bra;ayhk;. mWtil bra;a[k;
nghJ/ broapd; fPH;g;gFjpapypUe;J 15
br.kP.f;F nky; cs;s jiHg;ghfj;ij
btl;o vLf;f ntz;Lk;.
tpisr;ry;
xU vf;lUf;F 15 Kjy; 16 ld;
jiHfis (,iy/ g{ kw;Wk; jz;L)
tpisr;ryhfg; bgwyhk;.
rh;f;fiuf;bfhy;yp kz;iza[k; fye;J/ FHpfis
\lt[k;. nth;gpoj;j Fr;rpfis ,jpy;
bfhotifiar; nrh;e;j ,k;\ypif neuoahf elyhk;.
mjd; bgaUf;nfw;wthW rh;f;fiu
nehiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;jf;ToaJ. ,jw;F ™™ ,J bfho tifiar; rhh;e;jJ
kJehrpdp/ Fl;khh; vd;w bgah;fSk; vd;gjhy;/ ge;jy; kw;Wk; jl;Lfspy;
cz;L. ,k;\ypifr;bro btg;g glutpl ntz;Lk;.
kz;ly';fshd Mg;gphpf;fh/ Mrpah ™™ el;l ,uz;lhtJ Mz;L Kjy;
kw;Wk; knyrpah ehLfspy; ,aw;ifahff; ,iyfis mWtil bra;a
fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpy; fh;ehlfh/ Muk;gpf;fyhk;. $^d;/ $^iy
jkpH;ehL/ nfush/ gPfhh; Kjypa
khj';fs; mWtilf;F kpf rpwe;j
khepy';fspy; gutpa[s;sJ. bjd;fpHf;F
fhykhFk;. Mz;ow;F xU Kiw
Mrpahtpy; ,jw;F ey;y njit ,Ug;gjhy;
mWtil bra;ayhk;.
bjd;dpe;jpah Fwpg;ghf jkpH;ehl;oy; ,J
mjpfkhf rhFgo bra;ag;gLfpwJ. ™™ ,iyfis mWtil bra;J epHypy;
gad;fs; cyh;j;j ntz;Lk;. mt;tg;bghGJ
jsj;jpy; cs;s ,iyfis
,jd; ,iyfs; rh;f;fiu ed;F gug;g[/ jpUg;gp tpl ntz;Lk;.
neha; kl;Lkpd;wp ,Uky;/ \l;Ltyp/ ,jd; \yk; ey;y fhw;nwhl;lk;
my;rh;/ fz;typ Kjypatw;iwa[k;
fpilg;gnjhL kl;Lky;yhky;
Fzg;gLj;jf;ToaJ. ,jd; nth;fs;
,iyfs; mGFjiya[k; jLf;fyhk;.
ghk;g[f;fof;F kUe;jhf gad;gLfpwJ.
,t;thW 6-7 ehl;fs; epHypy; cyh;j;j
rhFgo Fwpg;g[fs; ntz;Lk;. xU brof;F 5 Kjy;
™™ btg;gkz;ly';fspy; ed;whf 6 fpnyh cyh;j;j ,iyfs; fpilf;Fk;.
tsuf;Toa rh;f;fiu bfhy;ypr;bro/ vf;lUf;F 1 Kjy; 1.5 ld; cyh;j;j
twz;l epy';fspYk;/ ey;y ,iyfs; tpisr;ryhf fpilf;Fk;.
tsh;r;rpia bfhz;oUf;Fk;. ,J xU gy;yhz;L gaph; vd;gjhy;
™™ rh;f;fiuf;bfhy;ypia nth;tpl;l 10 Kjy; 15 Mz;Lfs; tiu ,jid
15 kP. x 1.8 kP. ,ilbtspapy; njhz;o/ bjhlh;e;J guhkhpj;J tpisr;ry;
25-30 fpnyh bjhG cuj;Jld; nky; bgwyhk;.

22 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 Þ¬ô‚«è£² ꣰ð®
«î£†ì‚è¬ô Ý󣌄C G¬ôò‹
º¬ùõ˜ êƒèK îI›ï£´ «õ÷£‡¬ñŠ ð™è¬ô‚èöè‹
º¬ùõ˜ Ü.ñ£. Ýù‰ˆ ᆮ & 643 001
º¬ùõ˜ ². 裘ˆF«èò¡ ªî£¬ô«ðC : 0423 & 2442170

eP yfphpg; gFjpapy; may; ehl;Lf;

fha;fwpfs; rhFgo btw;wpfukhf
eilbgw;W tUfpwJ. ,jw;F fhuzk;
gh;fh; nghd;w Jhpj czt[fspy;
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ,iyfs; nful;/
Ks;s';fp/ gPl;+l;/ bt';fhak; Kjypa
gy;ntW jdpahh; epWtd';fs; Fwpg;ghf fha;fwpfSld; gr;irahf cz;zg;
[M/s. ehk;jhhp tpij epWtdk;/ nfg;bgh;hp/ gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. cly; ,isf;f
bky;nuh!;/ Fwp";rp eh;rhp] tptrhapfsplk; tpUk;g[gth;fSf;F rpwe;j czthf
FHpj; jl;L ehw;Wf;fisf; bfhLj;J/ tps';FfpwJ. ,iy mst[ mjpfkhff;
xg;ge;j gz;iza Kiwapy; (Contract fhzg;gLtjhy; rpwe;j vilFiwg;g[
farming) fha;fwpfisg; bgw;Wf; czthf cs;sJ.
bfhs;fpd;wdh;. ,Jnt may;ehl;Lf; ,iyf;nfhrpy; gy;ntW tiffs;
fha;fwp rhFgoapd; btw;wp cs;sJ. ,iyf;nfhrpd; Kf;fpa jz;oy;
,ufrpakhFk;. nkYk;/ ,';F epyt[k; cUthFk; FUj;Jf;fSk; mjd; fPnH
jl;gbtg;g epiy nkiy ehLfspy; epyt[k; ,Uf;Fk;/ jz;L nghd;w gFjpa[k; gr;irahf
rPnjh#;z epiyf;F <lhf ,Ug;gJk; xU rhg;gpl gad;gLfpd;wd. rpy tiffspy;
Kf;fpa fhuzkhFk;. bkhl;Lf;fs; cUthtjpy;iy. ,it ,iy
byl;?!; (Leaf lettuce) vd tH';fg;gLk;. rpy
ePyfphp kiyg;gFjpfspy; tsh;f;ff;
tiffs; eL bkhl;L bfl;oahf ,y;yhky;
Toa fha;fwpg;gaph;fspy; xd;W
gue;J ,Uf;Fk;. ,tw;wpw;F fh!;byl;?!;
,iyf;nfhR MFk;. Fwpg;ghf Jk;kdl;o/
(Cos Luttuce) vd;W bgah;. ,g;gphptpy; ,iyfs;
bfe;njhiu/ ikdyh/ Tf;fy;Jiu
bkype;J ePz;L/ beUf;fkhf buhl;o mLf;fp
nghd;w gFjpfspy; cs;s rpW/ FW
itf;fg;gl;lijg; nghd;w cUtj;jpy;
tptrhapfshy; ghypj;jPd; Foy;fspy;
,Uf;Fk;. ,tw;wpy; btspg;g[w ,iyfs;
tsh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J byl;?!; vd
fUk;gr;ir epwj;JlDk;/ cl;g[w ,iyfs;
M';fpyj;jpy; miHf;fg;gLfpwJ.
,sk; gr;ir epwj;JlDk; fhzg;gLk;.
cybf';fpYk; mjpf tUkhdk; bgWk;
kf;fs; tpUk;gp cz;zg;gLk; czthFk;. \d;whtJ tifapy; eLj;jz;oy;
,iynfhrpy; cs;s ,iyfs; gpl;rh/ cWjpahd bfl;oahd bkhl;Lfs;

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 23

cUthFk;. ,tw;wpw;F jiy byl;?!;
vd;W bgah; (Head lettuce). ,tw;wpy;
,uz;L gphpt[fs; cz;L. mit gl;lh; Ql;
byl;?!; (Butter head lettuce)/ fh!; byl;?!;
(Cos lettuce).
btz;iz bkhl;L tifapy;
bkhl;Lfs; rpwpajhft[k;/ mfd;Wk;/
beUf;fkhf ,y;yhky; kpUJthd
,iyfisf; bfhz;L btz;iz nghd;W
,Uf;Fk;.
cWjp bkhl;L tiffspy; bkhl;Lfs;
bghpajhft[k;/ kpUJthft[k; ,y;yhky;
jokdhf ,Uf;Fk;. btspg;gf;f ,iyfs;
gRik epwj;JlDk;/ cl;gf;f ,iyfs;
btsph; k";rs; epwj;JlDk; fhzg;gLk;.
,iyfspd; gug;g[ xnu rPuhf ,y;yhky;/
nkL gs;s';fSld; fhzg;gLk;.
bts;is gh!;ld;/ nk uh$h/
epa{ahh;f; 515/ ,k;gphpay; 44/ <gps; lth;/
ghhP!; jPt[/ ghhP!; bts;is Kjypad
,iyf; nfhrpy; cs;s Kf;fpa
,uf';fshFk;.
nkny Twg;gl;l ehd;F tiffspy;
jiy byl;?!;/ ,iy tif byl;?!;
,e;jpahtpy; mjpf mstpy; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
24 HŠóõK & 2017
,e;jpa ntshz;ik Muha;r;rp
epWtdk; fpnul; nyf;!;/ irdp!; vy;nyh/
rpnyh nghy;l; nghd;w ,uf';fis
btspapl;Ls;sJ. ,tw;iwj; jtpu/ epa{
iul; gah;/ fpuhz;l; nugpl;/ nfa;rh;/ I!;
bgh;f;/ xapl; gh!;ld; Kjypa ,uf';fs;
btspehLfspypUe;J jUtpf;fg;gl;l
,uf';fshFk;.
,iyf;nfhR Fsph;gpunjrg; gapuhFk;.
vdpDk;/ btg;g kw;Wk; kpjbtg;g kz;lyg;
gFjpfspy; cs;s kiyg;gFjpfspy;
,jidg; gaph; bra;ayhk;. tpijfs;
Kisf;Fk; nghJ/ mjpf btg;gk; epytpdhy;
Kisg;g[j;jpwd; ghjpf;fg;gLk;. jiy
byl;?!; ,uf';fs; gaph; bra;tjw;F ,iy
byl;?!; gaphpLtijf; fhl;oYk; kpft[k;
Fiwe;j jl;gbtg;gepiy njitg;gLk;.
tpijfs; Kisg;gjw;F 70 bry;rpa!;
Kjy; 230 bry;rpa!; btg;gk; tiu
,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. broapd; tsh;r;rpf;Fk;/
gpd;dh; jiy byl;?!; cUthtjw;Fk;
100 bry;rpa!; Kjy; 180 bry;rpa!;
btg;gk; tiu njitg;gLk;. gfy; neu
jl;g btg;gepiy 1500 Kjy; 2000
bry;rpa!; tiu epyt[k; gFjpfspy; ,jid
gaphplyhk;. mjpf btg;gepiy epyt[k;
àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
nghJ/ tpijfs; cw;gj;jp MfptpLk;.
,iyfs; frg;ghf khwptpLk;. cz;gjw;F
jukw;wit MfptpLk;. rpy rka';fspy;
,iyfs; mGfp tpLk;. ,ut[ neu
btg;gepiy fz;og;ghf Fsph;r;rpahf
,Uf;fntz;Lk;. mg;nghJ jhd; ey;y
jukhd ,iyfs; cUthFk;.
,iyf;nfhrpidg; gaphpLk;nghJ/
ey;y tskhd kz;zpy; gaphpLtJ eyk;.
kz;zpy; mjpf m';ffr; rj;Jf;fs; epiwe;J/
tofhy; trjpa[ld; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. mjpf
mkpyj; jd;ik byl;?!pw;F cfe;jjy;y.
,g;gaphpd; nthpd; tsh;r;rp kpft[k;
Fiwthf ,Ug;gjhy; kz;zpy; nghJkhd
<uKk;/ mnj neuj;jpy; tofhy; trjpa[k;
,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. kz;zpd; mkpy fhuj;
jd;ik 5.8 Kjy; 6 tiu ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
rkbtspg; gFjpfspy; Fsph;fhyj;jpy;
btw;wpfukhf ,jidg; gaph; bra;ayhk;.
ehw;w';fhy; elt[ bra;a tpijfis
brg;lk;gh; Kjy; mf;nlhgh; khj';fspy;
tpijf;f ntz;Lk;. jw;nghJ FHpj;jl;L
ehw;w';fhy; Kiwapy; ehw;Wfs; Mz;L
àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
KGtJk; cw;gj;jp bra;ag;gLfpd;wd.
Xh; vf;lh; elt[ bra;a 500 fpuhk;
tpij njitg;gLk;. njitbadpy;
ehw;Wf;fis ehk; neuoahf
eh;rhpaplkpUe;Jk; bgw;Wf;bfhs;syhk;.
tpijfis neuoahft[k; elt[ taypy;
tpijf;fyhk;. mt;thW bra;tjdhy;/
tpij mst[ mjpfkhf njitg;gLk;.
tpijapd; tpiy mjpfkhf ,Ug;gjhy;/
ehw;w';fhypy; tpij tpijj;J 5 Kjy;
6 thu';fs; tiu itj;J elt[ bra;tJ
rpwe;j KiwahFk;.
elt[ taypy; brof;F bro 30br.kP.
,ilbtspa[k;/ thpirf;F thpir 30 br.kP.
,ilbtspa[k; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
elt[ taypy; Vf;fUf;F 10 Kjy; 15 ld;
bjhG cukpl;Lf; fye;J tpl ntz;Lk;.
elt[ taypy; jiHr;rj;J/ kzpr;rj;J
kw;Wk; rhk;gy; rj;J Kiwna 20 fpnyh/
12 fpnyh kw;Wk; 12 fpnyh Xh; Vf;fUf;F
njitg;gLk;. kzy; kw;Wk; kzw;gh';fhd
epy';fspy; elt[ bra;a[k;nghJ 50 fpnyh
jiHr;rj;J/ 75 fpnyh kzpr;rj;J/ 75 fpnyh
HŠóõK & 2017 25
rhk;gy; rj;ij moa[ukhf ,l ntz;Lk;.
gpwF bro el;l 30 Mk; - 45 Mk; ehl;fspy;
15 fpnyh jiHr;rj;ij mspf;f ntz;Lk;.
elt[ bra;a[k;nghJ xU Kiwa[k;/
el;l \d;whk; ehSk; ePh;g;ghrdk; bra;a
ntz;Lk;. epyj;jpd; <uj;ijg; bghUj;J
jz;zPh; fl;l ntz;Lk;. kz;zpy; <uk;
Fiwthdhy; eLf;FUj;J btoj;J
g{';bfhj;Jf;fs; cUthfptpLk;. <uk;
mjpfkhdhy;/ ,iyfs; mGfptpLk;.
elt[ taypy; bro el;l 15 ehs; fHpj;J/
fisfis vLf;f ntz;Lk;. jiy byl;?!;
tifapy;/ eL bkhl;Lf;fs; cUthFk;
jUzj;jpYk;/ ,iy byl;?!; tiffspy; ,e;nehapidg; gug;g[k; mRtpdpg; g{r;rpiaf;
mjpf Jsph; ,iyfs; cUthFk; fl;Lg;gLj;j VjhtJ xU CLUtpg; gha[k;
jUzj;jpYk; Vf;fUf;F 22 fpnyh
g{r;rp kUe;jpidj; bjspj;Jf; fl;Lg;gLj;j
jiHr;rj;J ,l;L ePh; gha;r;r ntz;Lk;.
ntz;Lk;.
,iyf;nfhrpidg;; g{r;rp kw;Wk;
,iy byl;?!; mWtil bra;a[k;
neha;fs; mjpfk; jpd;W jhf;Ffpd;wd.
nghJ/ ed;whf tsh;e;j bghpa ,iyfis
,iyf;nfhrpd; ,iyfis g[Gf;fs;
Kjypy; mWtil bra;a ntz;Lk;.
nrjg;gLj;Jtjhy;/ bghUshjhu nrjk;
,iyfs; rpwpajhft[k;/ rijg;gw;WlDk;
Vw;gLk;. mjidf; fl;Lg;gLj;j/ VnjDk;
,Uf;FkhW mWtil bra;a ntz;Lk;.
er;Rj; jd;ik mjpfk; ,y;yhj g{r;rpf;
bfhy;yp kUe;jpid xU ypl;lh; jz;zPhpy; jiy byl;?!; bkhl;Lfs; cUthfpa
xU kpy;yp fye;J bjspf;f ntz;Lk;. gpd;g[ jhd; mWtil bra;a ntz;Lk;. elt[
mRtpdpiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;j CLUtpg; gha[k; taypy; bro el;L/ 80 Kjy; 90 ehl;fspy;
kUe;Jfisf; bfhz;L bjspf;f ntz;Lk;. mWtilf;F tUk;. mWtil Rkhh; 4
mLj;jjhf byl;?!pd; tpisr;riyg; khj';fs; tiu ePof;Fk;.
ghjpf;ff;Toa xU Kf;fpa neha; byl;?!; xU Vf;fhpypUe;J Rkhh; 5 ld;
bkhirf; MFk;. byl;?!; bkhirf; vd;gJ tiu tpisr;ry; fpilf;Fk;. mWtil
xU er;Raphpneha;. ,jdhy;/ jhf;fg;gl;l bra;j gpwF bkhl;Lf;fisa[k;/ FUj;J
brofs; Fl;ilahf khwp tsh;r;rp Fd;wp ,iyfisa[k; fpnul; ghf;!pnyh my;yJ
fhzg;gLk;. ehsiltpy; k";rshf rhf;Fg;igfspnyh milj;J re;ijf;F
khwptpLk;. ,jidf; fl;Lg;gLj;j/ mDg;gg;gLfpwJ.

26 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 è ñ£õ†ìˆFŸ° ãŸø
ñóŠðJ˜èœ & å¼ è‡«í£†ì‹
º¬ùõ˜ ó£. óM «õ÷£‡¬ñ ÜPMò™ G¬ôò‹
º¬ùõ˜ ªü. ªê™M C‚è™, ï£èŠð†®ù‹ & 611 108
º¬ùõ˜ ñ. îI›„ªê™õ¡ ܬô«ðC : 99421 98200

eh if khtl;lk; fhtphp ePh;g;

ghrd gFjpapy; fly; gFjpia
xl;o mike;Js;s xU fil kil
epy';fSf;F khw;Wg; gaph;fisa[k;/
khw;W tptrha Kiwfisa[k; njl
Muk;gpj;Js;sdh;.
gFjpahFk;. jkpH;ehl;oy; mjpfst[
ehif khtl;lj;ijg; bghWj;j
twl;rpahYk;/ mnj rkaj;jpy; mjpf
kl;oy; ePz;l flnyhu gFjpfisf;
kiH bghHptpdhYk; kpft[k; nkhrkhd
bfhz;l khtl;lkhft[k;/ \d;W tifahd
epiyapy; ghjpg;gila[k; xU khtl;lk;
vd;why; mJ ehfg;gl;odkhfj;jhd; khWgl;l kz; jd;ikfs; bfhz;Lk;
,Uf;Fk; vd;gjpy; ve;j re;njfKk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. flw;fiuia xl;oa[s;s
,y;iy. nkl;?h; mizapypUe;J gFjpfshd ntjhuz;ak;/ jiy"hapW
jpwf;fg;gLk; ePUk; bgUk;ghYk; ehif kw;Wk; fPiHa{h; nghd;w gFpjpfspy;
khtl;lj;ij brd;wiltjpy;iy. kzw;gh';fhd jd;ika[k/; fPH;nt~h;/
ehfg;gl;odk; vd;wt[ld; midthpd; ehfg;gl;odk;/ jpUkUfy; nghd;w
kdjpYk; njhd;WtJ kPd;fs; jhd;. gFjpfspy; fspkz; jd;ika[k;/ rPh;fhHp/
tptrhaj;ijg; bghWj;j tiu bew;gapnu brk;kdhh; nfhtpy;/ kapyhLJiw/
gpujhd gapuhf gaph; bra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. Fj;jhyk;/ bfhs;splk; nghd;w gFjpfspy;
mLj;jjhf gaWtif gaph;fSk; ,UghL kz; jd;ika[k; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
bgUkstpy; gaph; bra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
jw;bghGJ Vw;gl;Ls;s ,e;j
fle;j fhy';fspy; \d;W nghfKk; rhFgo
khw;w';fshy; tptrhapfs; khw;W Kiw
eilbgw;w ,e;j khtl;lj;jpy; ,d;W xU
tptrhak; kw;Wk; kug;gaph; rhFgo
nghf rhFgona kpft[k; nfs;tpf;Fwpahf
cs;sJ. ,jw;F gy;ntW fhuz';fs; Fwpj;J mwpe;J bfhs;s bgUkstpy;
Twg;gl;lhYk; gUt kiH bgha;j;jJk;/ ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiyaj;ij
nkl;?h; ePh; rhptu fpilf;fg; bgwhik ehLfpd;wdh;. ntshz;ik mwptpay;
kw;Wk; ,LbghUl;fspd; mjpfg;goahd epiya tp";"hdpfs; tptrhapfSf;F
tpisnaw;wKnk ,jw;F Kf;fpaf; xw;iw gaph;r; RHw;rp Kiwapdhy; Vw;gLk;
fhuzkhf ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jdhy; ghjpg;g[fis fistjw;F khw;whf
,d;W tptrhapfs; j';fSila xU';fpize;j gz;izaj;ija[k;/

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 27

kug;gaph; rhFgo Fwpj;Jk; TWtnjhL ehif khtl;lj;jpw;F Vw;w Kf;fpa
mjw;fhf bjhHpy;El;g gapw;rpa[k; mspj;J kug;gaph;fs; tsh;g;g[ bjhHpy;El;gk; kw;Wk;
tUfpd;wdh;. tpisr;ry; gw;wp RUf;fkhf fhz;nghk;.
,';F \d;W khWgl;l kz; jd;ik njf;F
cs;sjhy; mjw;F Vw;g kug;gpah;fis
,k;kuk; 2 × 2 kPl;lh; ,ilbtspapy;
njh;t[ bra;J tsh;j;jhy; kl;Lnk
bey; tay;fspd; tug;g[fspYk;/
tptrhapfs; mjpf ,yhgk; mila Koa[k;.
njhg;g[fshft[k; bgUkst[ elt[
ehif khtl;lj;jpy; gy;ntW kug;gaph;fs;
bra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. kz;zpd; jd;ikia
rhFgo bra;ag;gl;lhYk; rt[f;F kw;Wk;
bghWj;J 15 - 20 Mz;Lfspy; 10 Kjy;
njf;F ku';fns gpujhd kug;gapuhf
15 fd mo jo kuk; ,jd; \yk;
tsh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
fpilf;fg; bgWfpd;wJ. nkYk;/ ,jd;
ehif khtl;lj;jpy; kzw;gh';fhd \yk; tptrhapfs; xU kuj;jpw;F +gha;
gFjpfspy; rt[f;nf gpujhd 75/000 Mapuk; Kjy; 1/00/000 tiu
kug;gpauhfapUg;gpDk; ijykuk;/ tUkhdk; bgw Koa[k;. njf;F kuj;ij
kiyntk;g[/ njf;F nghd;w gaph;fSk; gaph; bghWj;j kl;oy; jFe;j ku fisjy;
bra;ayhk;. fspkz; gFjpia bghWj;j Kiwfisf; ifahz;lhy; mjpf
tiu ehl;L ku';fshd/ ntk;g[/ thif/ tpisr;ry; bgw Koa[k;.
ehl;Lf; fUnty;/ g{tuR nghd;w ku';fs;
tsh;g;gjhYk; mjpf gad; milayhk;.
fspkz; jd;ik rw;W Fiwthd mstpy;
,Ug;gpd; njf;F/ ijykuk; nghd;w
ku';fSk; tsh;f;fyhk;. ,UghL kz;
cs;s gFjpfspy; njf;F/ nt';if/
kQhfdp/ kiyntk;g[/ rt[f;F/ FkpH;
njf;F/ g{tuR/ \';fpy;/ kh";rpak; nghd;w
ku';fisa[k; tsh;j;J mjpf ,yhgj;ij
<l;lyhk;. nkYk;/ rpy tptrhapfs; re;jd
kuj;ija[k; j';fSila epy';fspy;
tpUk;gp tsh;j;J tUfpd;wdh;. nkYk;/
nkl;Lg;ghisak; tdf;fy;Y}hp kw;Wk;
Muha;r;rp epiyak; mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;s
cah; tpisr;ry; ,uf';fshd rt[f;F
MTP1, MTP2 ,uf';fisa[k;/ ijykuk;
MTP1 ,ufj;ija[k;/ kiyntk;g[ TNAU
MTP1 ,ufj;ija[k; tsh;j;J mjpf ,yhgk;
milayhk;. njf;F
28 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
rt[f;F
ehif khtl;lj;jpy; rt[f;F kuk; 10/000
vf;lUf;F nky; khdhthhp gapuhft[k;/ ePh;
ghrd KiwapYk; gaph; bra;ag;gLk; xU
Kf;fpakhd gzg;gaph; MFk;. tptrhapfs;
j';fs; epy';fspy; rt[f;F kuj;ij 2 mof;F
2 mo my;yJ 1 kPl;lUf;F 1 kPl;lh; vd;w
,ilbtspapy; gaph; bra;J tUfpd;wdh;. kiy ntk;g[
ePh; ghrd gFjpapy; 3 Mz;LfspYk;/
,ij tptrhapfs; 4 × 4 kPl;lh;
khdhthhp gFjpfspy; 4 - 5 Mz;LfspYk;
,ilbtspapy; elt[ bra;J 4 - 5
rt[f;F kuk; mWtilf;F jahuhfpd;wJ.
Mz;Lfspy; tpisr;ryhf xU Vf;fUf;F
,jd; \yk; tptrhapfSf;F 50 - 60 ld;;
100 ld; tiu fpilf;fg; bgwyhk;. ,jd;
\yk; tptrhapfs; xU Vf;fhpy; 6 - 7 ,yl;rk;
tiu epfu tUkhdkhf bgwyhk;.
ijykuk;
ehif nghd;w mjpf twl;rpahYk;/
mjpf kiHahYk; ghjpf;fg;gLk;
khtl;l';fSf;F ijykuk; xU tug;
gpurhjk; vd;nw Twyhk;. fhfpj
bjhHpw;rhiyfSf;F bgUkstpy;
ijykuk; gad;gLtjhy; ,jw;fhd
tpw;gid tha;g;g[ vg;bghGJk; mjpfhpj;Jf;
rt[f;F bfhz;nl jhd; ,Uf;Fk;. ,jid
tpisr;ry; fpilg;gnjhL epfu tUkhdkhf tptrhapfs; j';fs; epy';fspy; 10 mof;F
xU Vf;fUf;F +gha; 2/00/000 tiu fpilf;f 4 mo vd;w ,ilbtspapy; elt[ bra;J
bgWfpd;wJ. nkYk;/ ey;y ehw;Wfisa[k;/ 5 - 6 Mz;Lfspy; xU Vf;fUf;F 40 - 50 ld;
,uf';fisa[k; njh;t[ bra;J eLtjd; tpisr;ry; bgWtnjhL tUkhdkhf
+gha; 1/00/000 Kjy;/ 2/00/000 tiu bgw;W
\yKk;/ chpa bjhHpy; El;g';fis
gad;bgwyhk;. nkYk;/ ijykuk; rpwg;ghd
gpd;gw;wpdhYk; ,e;j tpisr;riy/
Kiwapy; kWjhk;g[ (Coppice) cw;gj;jp
mjpfhpj;J ey;y tUkhdj;ij bgwyhk;
bra;tjhy; nkYk; 2 mWtilfis 3 - 4
vd;gjpy; ve;j re;njfKk; ,y;iy.
Mz;L ,ilbtspapy; bgw Koa[k;.
kiy ntk;g[ nt';if
fspkz; jtph;j;J kw;w kz; tiffspy; njf;Fkuj;jpw;F mLj;J jukhd
kiy ntk;g[ ed;F tsuf; ToaJ. kukhff; fUjg;gLtJ nt';if kukhFk;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 29

njf;F kuk; nghynt nt';if kuj;ija[k; ehif khtl;l tptrhapfs; xw;iw
tptrhapfs; 4 kPl;lh; × 4 kPl;lh; bey; rhFgo Kiwapy; Vw;gLk; tUtha;
,ilbtspapy; elt[ bra;J tsh;j;J ,Hg;ig rhpbra;J j';fSila
te;jhy; 10 Mz;Lfspy; tUkhdkhf tUkhdj;ij bgUf;fp r\fj;jpy; xU
xU Vf;fUf;F Rkhh; 10 ,yl;rk; Kjy; ey;y epiyapy; thH;tjw;F ,e;j ku
15 ,yl;rk; tiu tUkhdkhf fpilf;fg; tsh;g;g[ kpft[k; gaDs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;
bgwyhk;. nkYk;/ ,k;kuk; mjpf twl;rpia vd;gjpy; ve;j re;njfKk; ,y;iy.
jh';fp tsUk; jd;ik cilaJ/ ,jd; ku';fs; tspkz;lyj;jpy; cs;s fhpakpy
rpwg;g[ mk;rk; MFk;.
tha[it mjpf mstpy; cwp";rp
ntk;g[/ thif/ ehl;Lf;fUnty; tspkz;lyk; btg;gkiljiy jLg;gjhy;
fspkz;zhy; mjpfk; ghjpg;gile;j tptrhapfs; jh';fs; kl;Lk;
gFjpfspy; Tl ntk;g[/ thif/ gadiltnjhL/ ekJ ehl;od; ku
ehl;Lf;fUnty; nghd;w ehl;L ku';fis nghh;itia mjpfhpj;J Rw;Wr;R{Hy;
ey;y Kiwapy; tsh;e;J gad; bgwyhk;. ghJfhg;gpw;Fk; bghpJk; cWJizahf
,d;Wk; ,uz;lhk; ju mo kutiffspy; ,Uf;FkhW nfl;Lf; bfhs;fpnwhk;. nkYk;/
,e;j \d;W kutiffSf;Fk; xU ey;y tptrhapfs; jukhd kuf;fd;Wfis
tpw;gid tha;g;g[ cs;sJ. vdnt/ ehif bgw rpf;fypy; cs;s ntshz;ik
tptrhapfs; ,j;jifa ehl;L ku';fisa[k; mwptpay; epiyaj;ijnah/ ehif khtl;l
j';fSila epy';fspy; tsh;j;J 8 - 10 tdj;Jiwianah bjhlh;g[ bfhz;L
Mz;Lfspy; xU ey;y tUkhdj;ij gadilayhk;.
<l;lyhk;.

fp'; rpy; y p
fp'; rpy;yp vd;w kpsfha; fhy';fhykhf mrhk;/ ehfhyhe;J/ kzpg;g{h; kw;Wk; tl
fpHf;F khepy';fspy; gy gFjpfspy; tpisfpwJ. ,aw;if ,e;j kpsfhia mjpf
fhuj;Jld; gilj;Js;sJ. Mdhy; ,jd; kzk; kpft[k; ,jkhf ,Uf;Fk;. ,J gy kUj;Jt
Fz';fisf; bfhz;lJ. tlfpHf;F gFjp kf;fs; ,jid CWfha; kw;Wk; mirt
czt[fspy; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. cyfpnyna mjpf fhukhdJ vd;w Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij
,e;j kpsfha; bgw;w gpd; tlfpHf;F ,e;jpahtpy; ,jd; tptrhak; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;
bgw;Ws;sJ.
,e;j kpsfhapd; tPhpak; 2000 Mk; Mz;L mrhkpy; nj$;g{h; khtl;lj;jpy; gjpt[
bra;ag;gl;lJ. rp'; rpy;ypapd; fhu mst[ Scoville heat Unit mstpy; 1001301 SHU
mstplg;gl;lijj; bjhlh;e;J ,e;j g{kpapy; kpf mjpf fhukhd kpsfha; ufk; vd;W
brg;lk;gh; 2006y; fpd;d!; cyf buf;fhh;oy; gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd; mjpf
fhuj;jd;ik fhuzkhf ,J vz;bza; kw;wk; burpd; jahhpg;gpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
ed;wp : !;ig!; ,e;jpah;
ork;gh;. 2016

30 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

ªî£N™¸†ð ðKñ£ŸøˆF™ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
ÜPMò™ G¬ôòƒèœ & æ˜ ð£˜¬õ
MKõ£‚è‚ è™M Þò‚èè‹
º¬ùõ˜ â‹. ªê‰F™ °ñ£˜ îI›ï£´ «õ÷£‡¬ñŠ ð™è¬ô‚èöè‹
º¬ùõ˜ ªý. HLŠ «è£ò‹¹ˆÉ˜ & 641 003
º¬ùõ˜ Þó£. êCèô£ ܬô«ðC : 99441 28243

, e;jpahtpy; cHt[j; bjhHpiy

bgUthhpahd kf;fs; j';fsJ
Kjd;ikj; bjhHpyhff; bfhz;Ls;sdh;.
,uz;L epfh;epiyg; gy;fiyf;fHj;jpd;
fPGk;
jkpH;ehL
bray;gl;L
ntshz;ikg;
tUfpd;wd.
gy;fiyf;
,e;epiyapy; cHt[j; bjhHpiy fHfj;jpy;/ ,e;jpa ntshz;
nkk;gLj;Jk; bghUl;L ,e;jpa muR/ ,e;jpa Muha;r;rpf; fHfj;jpd; cjtpnahL
ntshz;ik Muha;r;rpf; fHfj;jpd; \yk; bray;gLk; ntshz; mwptpay;
gy;ntW Kaw;rpfis nkw;bfhz;L epiya';fs; kJiu/ rpWfkzp/
tUfpwJ. jpz;otdk;/ tpUj;jhr;ryk;/ tk;gd;/
tphp";rpg[uk;/ jpUg;gjprhuk;/ re;jpa{h;/
,jd; xU gFjpahf ,e;jpa ntshz;ik
,uhkehjg[uk;/ rpf;fy;/ jp+h;/
Muha;r;rpf; fHfk;/ ,e;jpahtpnyna
ePlhk';fyk;/ mUg;g[f;nfhl;il kw;Wk;
Kjd;Kiwahf 1974Mk; Mz;L
ghg;ghug;gl;o Mfpa ,l';fspy; cs;sd.
g[Jr;nrhpapy; ntshz;ik mwptpay; gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;oy; cs;s
epiyaj;ij epWtpaJ. jw;bghGJ midj;J ntshz;ik mwptpay;
,e;jpahtpy; khtl;lj;jpw;F xd;W vd;w epiya';fSk; tphpthf;ff; fy;tp
mstpy;/ 645 ntshz;ik mwptpay; ,af;ffj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;oy; bray;
epiya';fs;/ gy;ntW khepy';fspy; gLfpd;wd.
epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,e;j ntshz;ik mwptpay;
jkpH;ehl;oy; bkhj;jk; epiya';fs; 100 rjtpfpjk; ,e;jpa murpd;;
30 ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiya';fs; epjpa[jtpia bgw;W ,a';fp tUfpd;wd.
cs;sd. ,tw;wpy; 14 mwptpay; khtl;l mstpy;/ ,e;epiya';fs;
epiya';fs; jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHf';fs;/ ,e;jpa
gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; fl:Lg;ghl;oYk;/ ntshz;ik Muha;r;rp epWtd';fs;/ khepy
\d;W jkpH;ehL fhy;eil mwptpay; muRj; Jiwfs;/ jd;dhh;tj; bjhz;L
gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;oYk;/ epWtd';fs; \yk; eph;tfpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 31

ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiya';fspd; cw;gj;jpj; jpwida[k; tpsf;Fk;
Kf;fpa nehf;fk;/ me;je;j gFjpf;nfw;w bghUl;L cHth;fspd; tay;fspy;
bjhHpy; El;g';fis tay;btsp Ma;t[ bray; tpsf;f';fis
\yk; fz;lwpe;J/ brya;tpsf;f';fs; nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.
\yk; cHth;fs;/ ntshz; tphpthf;fj; ™™ cHth;fs;/ ntshz; tphpthf;fg;
Jiw mYth;fs; kw;Wk; mjid rhh;e;j gzpahsh;fs; etPd ntshz;
JiwapdUf;F bjhpag;gLj;Jjy; MFk;. bjhHpy; El;g';fis mwpa[k; bghUl;L
nkYk;/ ,t;ntshz;ik mwptpay; gy;ntW jpwd; nkk;ghl;L gapw;rpfis
epiya';fs; khtl;lj;jpd; ntshz;ik mspj;jy;.
kw;Wk; mjidr; rhh;e;j Jiwfspy; ™™ khtl;l mstpyhd ntshz;ik
mwptpay; / bjhHpy;el;gf; fs";rpakhf kw;Wk; mjid rhh;e;j Jiwfspy;
bray;gLtJ kl;Lky;yhky; muR/ mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g
jdpahh; kw;Wk; jd;dhh;t epWtd';fspd; fs";rpakhf bray;gl;L/ muR/
ntshz; rhh;e;j bray;ghLfSf;F jdpahh; kw;Wk; jd;dhh;t
cWJizahft[k; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,jd; epWtd';fspd; brya;ghLfSf;F
\yk;/ ntshz; bghUshjhuj;ij cWJizaha; ,Ue;J khl;lj;jpd;
Kd;ndw;WtJ kl;Lky;yhky;/ ,e;jpa ntshz; bghUshjhuk; nkk;gLj;j
ntshz;ik Muha;r;rpf; fHfj;jpd; tHptif bra;jy;.
tphpthf;f jpl;l';fis cHth;fSf;F
™™ ntshz;ik rhh;e;j jfty; kw;Wk;
bfhz;L bry;tjw;Fk; xU ghykhf
bjhHpy;El;g';fis jfty;
ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiya';fs;
bjhHpy;El;g rhjd';fs; kw;Wk;
bray;gLfpd;wd.
Clf';fs; \yk; cHth;fs;
ehL KGtJk; cs;s ntshz;ik gad;bgWk; tifapy; gug;g[jy;.
mwptpay; epiya';fs; j';fsJ Kf;fpa
™™ ntshz;ik mwpapty; epiya';fs;
Fwpf;nfhshd bjhHpy;El;g';fis
\ykhf jukhd tpijfs;/
njh;t[ bra;jy;/ bray;tpsf;fk; kw;Wk;
ehw;Wf;fs;/ Ez;qaph; cu';fs;/
gapw;rp mspj;jy; nghd;wtw;iw bray;
tsh;r;rp Cf;fpfs;/ caph; cu';fs;
gLj;Jtjw;fhf gy;ntW bray;ghLfis Mfpatw;iw cHth;fSf;F tH';fp
tFj;Js;sd. mitahtd bjhHpy;El;g';fis gpd;gw;Wtjw;F
™™ gFjpf;nfw;w ntshz; kw;Wk; cWJizaha; ,Uj;jy;.
mjid rhh;e;j bjhHpy;El;g';fis ™™ tphpthf;fg; gzpfis
bjhpt[ bra;tjw;fhf cHth;fspd; brt;tnd bra;tjw;F bgUthhpahd
tay;fspy; Ma;t[ nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.
ntshz;ik mwptpay;
™™ njh;e;bjLf;fg;gl;l Kjd;ik bjhHpy; epiya';fspy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s
El;g';fspd; rpwg;gk;r';fisa[k;/ nrit ika';fs;.

32 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

  kz; kw;Wk; ePh; ghpnrhjid fz;Ldh; Rw;Wyh kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g
ika';fs;. fUj;Jf;fhl;rp
 cHth;fs; kw;Wk; tphpthf;fg; cHth;fs; gad;bgWk; tz;zk;
gzpahsh;fs; bjhHpy;El;g';fis khepy mstpyhd fz;Ldh; Rw;Wyh
fw;Wf;bfhs;Sk; tifapy; ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiya';fs;
mwptpay; epiya gz;izapy; \yk; Vw;ghL bra;jy; kw;Wk; khepy
khjphp bray;tpsf;fj; jply;fs; mstpy; eilbgWk; gy;ntW epfH;r;rpfspy;
mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fUj;Jf;fhl;rpfs; mikj;J tpGg;g[zh;it
Vw;gLj;jy; Mfpa bray;fisa[k;
 fUj;Jf;fhl;rp/ gapw;rpf;Tlk;/
mwptpay; epiya';fs; bra;J tUfpd;wJ.
cHth; tpLjp.
ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf; fHfj;jpd;
™™ kj;jpa kw;Wk; khepy muRfspd; bray;ghl;ow;Fk;/ cHth;fspd;
ntshz; rhh;e;j jpl;l';fis bjhHpy;El;g mwpit nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;
xU';fpize;J bray;gLj;Jjy;/ ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiya';fs; xU
khtl;l mstpyhd cHth;fspd; ghykhf ,a';fp tUfpd;wd vd;why; mJ
Fiw jPh;f;Fk; ehspy; g';F bfhz;L/ kpifahfhJ.
bjhHpy;El;g re;njf';fSf;F ,t;thwhf ntshz; mwptpay;
tpsf;fkspj;jy;/ ntshz;ikj; epiya';fs; cHth;fs;/ tp";"hdpfs;
Jiwapd; khjhe;jpu Tl;lj;jpid kw;Wk; ntshz; rhh;e;j epWtd';fSf;F
ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiyaj;jpy; xU ghykhf mike;J/ khtl;lj;jpd;
elj;j cWJizahf ,Uj;jy; Mfpa ntshz; bghUshjhu Kd;ndw;wj;jpw;F
gzpfis ntshz;ik mwptpay; cWJizahf ,Ue;J bray;gl;L
epiya';fs; bray;gLj;jp tUfpd;wd. nkYk;/ fhyj;jpd;
tUfpd;wJ. cjhuzkhf/ kj;jpa njitf;nfw;g bray;ghLfis khw;wp
murpd; tphpthf;f epfH;r;rpfshd mikj;J cHth;fspd; bjhHpy;El;g
 cyf kz;ts ehs; njitfis g{h;j;jp bra;tjpy; ntshz;
mwptpay; epiya';fs; bgUk;g';F
 fhhpg; Kd;gUt tpHpg;g[zh;t[ Kfhk;
tfpf;fpd;wd.
 uhgp Kd;gUt tpHpg;g[zh;t[ Kfhk;
vjph; tUk; ,jH;fspy; khjk;
 bjhHpy;El;g thu tpHh
xU ntshz; mwptpay; epiyaj;jpd;
 gpujk ke;jphp gaph; fhg;gPl;Lj; KG bray;ghLfs; Fwpj;J fl;Liu
jpl;lk; Mfpatw;wpd; tpHpg;g[zh;t[ btspahFk;. cHth; bgUkf;fs;
Kfhk;fs; ntshz; mwptpay; fl;Liuiag; goj;J gad;gbw
epiya';fspy; elj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ntz;Lfpd;nwhk;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 33

 CÁî£Qòƒè¬÷ ñFŠÌ†´‹
Þò‰Fóƒèœ
º¬ùõ˜ «ñ£. ꇺèŠHKò£ CÁî£Qò ñ舶õ ¬ñò‹
º¬ùõ˜ ó£. 装êù£ó£E ܈Fò‰î™, F¼õ‡í£ñ¬ô & 606 603
º¬ùõ˜ ð. ðó²ó£ñ¡ ܬô«ðC : 76391 19465

j kpH;ehl;od; ghuk;ghpa czthd

rpWjhdpa';fis ekJ Kd;ndhh;fs;
md;whl cztpy; gad;gLj;jp te;jdh;.
\yk; mWtilf;F gpd; Vw;gLk; nrjj;ij
jLg;gnjhL rpWjhdpa';fis Mz;L
KGtJk; gad;ghl;oy; fpilf;f tHptif
jw;bghGJ ek;kpilna khwptUk; ehfhPf bra;fpwJ. rpy fhyj;jpw;F Kd;
thH;tpay; Kiwapy; Cl;lr;rj;J rpWjhdpa rhFgoapy; tHf;fkhd rhFgo
gw;wpa tpHpg;g[zh;t[ ,Ue;jhYk; Tl Kiwia gpd;gw;wpajhy; xU vf;lUf;F
rpWjhdpa';fis cgnahfg;gLj;JtJ 1.3 ld; tpisr;ry; kl;Lnk fpilj;jJ.
Fiwthfnt cs;sJ. ,ae;jpukhfp tUk; nkYk;/ rpWjhdpa';fs; Fiwe;j tpiyf;nf
thH;t[ Kiwna ,jw;F fhuzkhFk;.
(+. 5 Kjy; 10) tpw;gid bra;ag;gl;lJ.
cHth;fs; tpisr;riy ,uz;L
jw;nghJs;s g[jpa rhFgo
kl';fhf;FtJk;/ tUkhdj;ij \d;W
bjhHpy;El;g Kiwfs; kw;Wk; mjpf
kl';fhf;FtJnk ntshz;ik rhh;e;j
tpisr;ry; jUk; ,uf';fis gad;gLj;jp
bgUkf;fspd; nehf;fkhFk;. ,t;thW xU
xU vf;lUf;F 2.5 - 2.8 ld; tiu
tptrhap tUkhdj;ij Kk;kl';fhf;FtJ
tpisr;ry; bgwKoa[k;. rpWjhdpa';fs;
vd;gJ kjpg;g[f;Tl;Ljypd; \ynk
rhj;jpak;. tptrhaj;jpy; gytif cw;gj;jp bra;a[k; tptrhapfs; mtw;iw
,d;dy;fshd ,aw;if rPw;w';fspdhy; kjpg;g[f;Tl;Lk; Kiwapy; bghUl;fshf
e#;l';fs;/ bfhs;Kjy; tpiy/ tpw;gid khw;wp tpw;gid bra;jhy; jw;bghGJ
tpiy/ mjpf tpisr;rypdhy; tpiyr;rhpt[/ fpilf;Fk; ,yhgj;ijf; fhl;oYk; mjpf
mWtil kw;Wk; mWtilf;Fg;gpd; rhh;e;j ,yhgk; bgwyhk;.
tpiyr;rhpt[/ Vw;Wkjp tha;g;gpd;ik rpWjhdpak; rhFgo bra;a[k; tptrha
nghd;wtw;iw cHth;fs; re;jpf;fpd;wdh;. bgUkf;fs; rpWjhdpa';fspypUe;J
tptrhapfs; bjhHpy; mjpgh;fshf gy;ntW Ritahd kjpg;g[f;Tl;oa
khw xU rpwe;j tHp rpWjhdpa';fis gz;l';fis cw;gj;jp bra;J neuoahf
kjpg;g[f;Tl;Ljny MFk;. ,t;thW tpw;gid bra;a[k; bjhHpy; Kidnthh;
rpWjhdpa';fis kjpg;gf
[ ;Tl;Ltjd; fshf khw ntz;Lk;. mg;go bra;tjd;

34 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 rpWjhdpak; tWf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; ckp ePf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
\yk; mjpf tUtha; <l;lyhk;. cjhuzkhf/ kht[/ fk;g[/ uhfp/ jpid gp!;fl; kw;Wk;
xU fpnyh rpWjhdpa';fis jhdpakhf rpWjhdpa mil kpf;!; nghd;wtw;iw
tpw;gid bra;a[k; nghJ ruhrhpahf jahh; bra;ayhk;. rpWjhdpa';fis
20 Kjy; 30 +gha; ,yhgk; fpilf;ff;TLk;. gH';fhy Kiwg;go ckp ePf;Ftjw;F
Mdhy;/ me;j xU fpnyh jhdpaj;ij jw;nghJ nghJkhd Ml;fs; ,y;iy.
miuj;J rpWjhdpa mhprpahf khw;wp nkYk;/ mjw;fhf mjpf neuk; brytplg;gl
neuoahf tpw;gid bra;a[k; nghJ ntz;oa[s;sJ. ,jid kdjpy; bfhz;L
Fiwe;jgl;rk; 60 +gha; ,yhgk; fpilf;f nfhak;g[j;J}h; ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;
tha;g;g[s;sJ. nkYk;/ rpWjhdpa muprpia fHf tphpthf;ff; fy;tp ,af;fj;jpd; \yk;
kjpg;g[f;Tl;oa jpz;gz;l';fshf jahhpj;J elj;jg;gLk; jPtpu rpWjhdpa rhFgo jpl;lk;
neuoahf tpw;gid bra;jhy; ruhrhpahf kw;Wk; Cl;lr;rj;jpid cWjpg;gLj;Jk;
80 +gha; ,yhgk; fpilf;Fk;. jpl;lk; \yk; kjpg;g[f;Tl;lYf;fhd
rpWjhdpa';fspypUe;J kjpg;g[f; ,ae;jpu bjhFg;g[fis cHth;fspd;
Tl;lg;gl;l bghUl;fshd rpWjhdpa rj;J bray;tpsf;fj;jpw;fhf jpUtz;zhkiy

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 35

khtl;lk; mj;jpae;jypy; cs;s rpWjhdpa
kfj;Jt ikaj;jpw;F tH';fpa[s;sJ.
,j;bjhFg;gpy; rpWjhdpa fy; kw;Wk;
J}rp ePf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;/ jhdpak; tWf;Fk;
,ae;jpuk;/ ckp ePf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;/
rpWjhdpa kht[ miuf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;/ kht[
rypf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; kw;Wk; kht[ fyf;Fk;
,ae;jpuk; Kjypait cs;sd.
rpWjhdpa ,ae;jpu bjhFg;g[fs;
rpWjhdpa fy; kw;Wk; J}rp ePf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
mWtil bra;j rpWjhdpa';fis
,t;tpae;jpuj;jpy; bfhl;odhy; mjpy;
cs;s rpW rpW fw;fs;/ kz; kw;Wk;
J}rpfis ,t;tpae;jpuk; mfw;WfpwJ. xU
kzp neuj;jpw;F 500 fpnyh Rj;jk; bra;a[k;
jpwd; gilj;jJ.
rpWjhdpak; tWf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
rpWjhdpa';fis tWf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
bfhz;L cyh; Kiwapy; xnu neuj;jpy;
rpWjhdpa fy; kw;Wk;
J}rp ePf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
36 HŠóõK & 2017
15 fpnyh tWf;fyhk;. ,t;thW tWj;j
jhdp';fis mhprpahf;Fk; nghJ mit
eWkzkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
ckp ePf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
gH';fhyj;jpy; rpWjhdpaj;ij Rj;jk;
bra;j gpd;dh; ePhpy; ntf itj;J my;yJ
tWj;J vLj;j gpd;g[ cyf;ifahy; Fj;jp
mjd; \yk; ckpia ePf;fp fpilf;Fk;
mhprpia rikf;f gad;gLj;jpdh;. Mdhy;/
jw;bghGJ ,t;ntiyfis bra;tjw;F
ahUk; Kd; tUtjpy;iy/ rpWjhdpa ckp
ePf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; \yk; xU kzp
neuj;jpy; 100 fpnyh rpWjhdpaj;ij ckp
ePf;fyhk;. xnu neuj;jpy; 15 fpnyh tiu
,t;tpae;jpuj;ij bfhz;L ckpia ePf;f
Koa[k;
kht[ fyf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
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 kht[ miuf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; kht[ rypf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
kht[ miuf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; kht[ fyf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
rpWjhdpa mhprpapypUe;J rj;J kht[/ xd;;Wf;Fk; nkw;gl;l rpWjhdpa
njhir kht[/ mil kpf;!; nghd;witfis khit fye;J Cl;lr;rj;J kht[/ gp!;fl;
jahhpf;f rpWjhdpa mhprpia miuf;f jahhpg;gjw;F ,t;tpae;jpuj;jpd; \yk;
ntz;Lk;. ,t;tpae;jpuk; xU kzp neuj;jpy; xnu neuj;jpy; 10 fpnyh rpWjhdpa khit
30 fpnyh rpWjhdpa mhprpia khthf;Fk; fyf;fyhk;.
jpwd; bgw;wJ.
tptrha bgUkf;fs; nkw;fhqk;
kht[ rypf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; rpWjhdpa kjpg;g[f;Tl;lYf;fhd
,t;tpae;jpuj;jpd; \yk; miuj;j ,ae;jpu';fspd; bray;tpsf;fj;jpid
rpWjhdpa khit rypj;J bfhs;syhk;. rpWjhdpa kfj;Jt ikaj;jpy; nehpy;
cjhuzkhf rpWjhdpa gp!;fl;/ uit/ ghh;j;J mwpe;J bfhs;syhk;. xt;bthU
g[l;L nghd;w gjhh;j;j';fSf;F Vw;wthW rpWjhdpa tptrhapa[k; kjpg;g[f;Tl;Ljypd;
,ae;jpu ry;yilia khw;wp miuj;j Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czh;e;J bjhHpy;
rpWjhdpa khit rypj;J bfhs;syhk;. Kidnthh;fshf khwp thH;tpy; tsk;
kht[ rypf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp bgWtnjhL Cl;lr;rj;J ghJfhg;gpida[k;
xU kzp neuj;jpy; 400 fpnyh khit rypj;J cWjp bra;a[khW nfl;Lf;bfhs;sg;
bfhs;syhk;. gLfpwhh;fs;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 37

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Xa;btLf;Fk; fhyk;. ,e;j fhyfl;lj;jpy;
mLj;j rhFgof;fhd Kd;ndw;ghLfis
tptrhapfs; bra;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
mtw;wpy; Kf;fpakhdJ nfhil cHt[.
“nfhil cHthy; nfho ed;ik”/
“rpj;jpiu cHt[ gj;jiu khw;Wj; j';fk;”
vd;bwy;yhk; gHbkhHpfs; nfhil cHtpd;
ed;ikfis ekf;F vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.
nfhil cHt[ vd;gJ nfhil fhyj;jpy;
tptrha epy';fspy; bra;ag;gLk; cHt[
Kiw MFk;. nfhil cHt[ khdhthhp
epyj;jpy; kl;Lk; jhd; bra;a ntz;Lk;
vd;w jtwhd vz;zk; gutyhf cs;sJ.
Fwpg;ghf fhy;tha;g; ghrdk; \yk; bey;
rhFgo bra;a[k; khtl;l';fspy; ,e;j
nfhil cHt[ mjpfkhf bra;tjpy;iy.
cjhuzkhf fhtphp ghrdg; gFjpapy;/
bgUthhpahd rhFgo epy';fs; fspkz;
g{kpahf cs;sJ. bey; mWtilf;Fg;
gpd; epyk; Rkhh; ehd;F Kjy; Ie;J
khj';fs; tiu rhFgo bra;ahky;
jhprhfnt fplf;fpd;wd. nfhil
fhyj;jpy; fspkz; RU';Ftjhy;
MHkhd btog;g[ Vw;gl;L mokz;
<uk; MtpahfpwJ. rk;gh bey; rhFgo
Koe;jJk;/ cSe;J gaph; rhFgo bra;ahj
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epy';fspy; mtrpak; nfhil cHt[
bra;a ntz;Lk;. bjd;nkw;F gUtf;fhw;W
kw;Wk; tlfpHf;F gUtf;fhw;wpdhy;
kiH bga;a[k; khdhthhp epy';fspy;
,Unghf gaph; rhFgo Kiw eilKiwapy;
cs;sJ. Kjw;nghfg; gaph; rhFgo Mdp/
Mo khj';fspy; Jt';fp ,uz;lhtJ gaph;
ij khjj;jpy; mWtil bra;ag;gLfpwJ.
,ilg;gl;l fhykhd khrp Kjy; itfhrp
tiu epyk; cHtpd;wp kz; mhpkhdj;jpw;F
cl;gl;L kz;tsk; Fiwa tha;g;g[s;sJ.
,e;jf; nfhil khj';fspy;/ taiy
cHt[ bra;J gz;gLj;Jtjd; \yk; kz;
mhpkhdj;ijj; jLg;gJld; kz; tsKk;
ghJfhf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
nfhil cHt[ bra;tjhy; fpilf;Fk;
gad;fs;
kz; jd;ik nkk;ghL
nfhil cHt[ bra;tjhy; kz;
ed;F bghybghyg;ghfp kz;zpd;
jd;ik nkk;gLfpwJ. kz; mhpkhdk;
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;L kz;zpy; cs;s
rj;Jf;fs; epiyepWj;jg;gLfpd;wd. nfhil
cHt[ bra;tjpdhy; kz;zpd; ,Wf;fk;
jsh;e;J kiHePh; fpufpf;fg;gl;L kz;zpd;
MHk; mjpfg;gLj;jg;gLtJld; ey;y
fhw;nwhl;lKk; fpilf;f tHptFf;fpd;wJ.
,jdhy; kz;zpy; cs;s Ez;qaphpfs;
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ed;whf bgUf;fk; mile;J gaph;fSf;F
rj;Jf; fpilf;f tHp tif bra;fpd;wd.
nkYk;/ gaphpd; nth;fs; ed;whf tsh;e;J
kz;zpd; MHj;jpy; cs;s ePiua[k;/
rj;Jf;fisa[k; vLj;J brHpg;ghf tsut[k;/
gaph;fSf;F njitahd ePh; njitia
Fiwf;ft[k; tHp bra;fpwJ. nfhil cHt[
bra;a[k; nghJ epyj;jpd; rhpt[f;F Vw;w
tifapy; FWf;fhf cHt[ bra;a ntz;Lk;.
mt;thW cHt[ rhy; mikf;Fk; nghJ
kz;zpd; Cl;lr;rj;J kpFe;j nky; kz;
mhpkhdk; Vw;glhky; jLf;fyhk; kw;Wk;
kz;zpYs;s m';ffr; rj;Jf;fs; btspr;
bry;yhky; ,Uf;Fk;.
nfhil cHt[ bra;a[k; nghJ
kz;zpy; j';fp ,Uf;Fk; g{r;rpfspd;
gy;ntW epiyfs; cHt[f; fUtpfspy;
rpf;fp mHpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. mjndhL
kl;Lkpy;yhky; nfhil cHt[ bra;a[k;
nghJ fPH; kz; nkyhft[k;/ nky;kz;
fPHhft[k; g[ul;lg;gLk;. ,jdhy; kz;zpd;
moapy; ,Uf;Fk; g{r;rpfsJ Kl;ilfs;/
g[Gf;fs; midj;Jk; btspnaw;wg;gl;L
gwitfshYk;/ Nhpa btg;gj;jhYk;
mHpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. nkYk;/ gaph;fSf;F
neha; gug;g[k; g{rz';fs;/ ghf;Ohpahf;fs;
Nhpa btg;gj;jhy; mHpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
,jdhy; gaphpLk; fhyj;jpy; gaph;fSf;F
g{r;rp/ neha; jhf;Fjypd; tha;g;g[ kpft[k;
Fiwa[k;.
kiHePh; nrkpg;g[
nfhil cHt[ bra;tjpdhy; kiH
bga;a[k; nghJ kz;qf;Fs; ePh; cs;;th';fp
epyj;jo ePiu nrkpf;ft[k;/ kz; mhpg;ig
jLf;ft[k; tHptFf;fpd;wJ. nfhil cHt[
bra;ag;gl;l epyj;jpy; kiHePh; mjpf MHk;
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bry;tjhy; ePh; MtpahtJ FiwtJld;
kz; tsk; nkk;gLk;. mLj;j gUtj;jpy;
gaph; tpisr;ry; mjpfhpf;f tha;g;g[ Vw;gLk;.
fisf;fl;LghL
nfhil cHt[ bra;tjpdhy; fisr;
brofs; kw;Wk; mWtil bra;j gaph;fspd;
jhs;fs; mHpf;fg;gl;L kf;fp kz;zpy;
cukhfpd;wd. nkYk;/ fisfspd;
,dtpUj;jp mHpf;fg;gLtJld; mij
rhh;e;J thGk; g{r;rpfs; mjpfk; bgUfhky;
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. nfhil fhyj;;jpy;
bra;ag;gLk; ,il cHtpd; \yk;/ tUk;
gUtj;jpy; (fisfs; g{j;J tpijfs; gut[k;
Kd; mHpf;fg;gLtjhy;) fisfspd; jhf;fk;
btFthf Fiwa[k;. Kjw; gaphpd; J}h;fs;
kf;fp fisfs; fl:Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
nfhil cHtpd; \yk; nfhiuf;
fpH';Ffs; kz;zpd; nkw;gug;gpw;F
bfhz;L tug;gLtjhy; fpH';Ffs; Nhpa
btg;gj;jhYk;/ kz;zpd; btg;gj;jhYk;
cyh;e;J tpLfpd;wd. gpd;g[ gjpide;J
ehl;fs; ,ilbtspapy; kPz;Lk; xU Kiw
nfhil cHt[ bra;J kz;iz
fhaitg;gjhy; nfhiuf;fpH';Ffs;
KGtJk; nth; mw;W ,we;JtpLk;
jd;ikia milfpd;wd.
g{r;rp. neha; jhf;Fjy; fl;Lg;ghL
fle;j gUtj;jpy; rhFgo bra;j
gaph;fspd; mWtilf;Fg;gpd; tay;fspy;
fisfs; tsh;e;J g{r;rpfSf;F
czthft[k/; ciwtplkhft[k/; Kl;ilfs;
,Lk; ghJfhg;g[ ,lkhft[k; mikfpd;wd.
twl;rp fhyj;jpy; epyk; fha;e;J
btog;g[ld; fhzg;gLtJld; fisfs;
Mf;fpukpj;J g{r;rp/ neha; jhf;Fjyhy;
kz; tsk; ghjpg;gilfpwJ. bghJthf
HŠóõK & 2017 39
g{r;rpfs; j';fsJ ,dg;bgUf;fj;Jf;fhd tay;fspy; fhzg;gLk;
Kl;ilfis kz;zpnyna ghJfhg;ghf btl;Lf;fpspfspd; Kl;ilfs;/ fjph;
,l;L itf;fpd;wd. ,it kiHf;fhyj;jpy; btl;Lk; g[Gtpd; Tl;Lg;g[Gf;fs;/ cwf;f
g[Gf;fshf btspte;J gaph;fis cz;L epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk; fUk;g[ kw;Wk; fjph;
tsh;fpd;wd. ,tw;iw mHpg;gjw;F nfhil ehtha;g;g{r;rpfs; nfhil cHtpd;
fhyj;jpy; kiH bga;a[k; nghJ nfhil nghJ epyj;jpd; moapypUe;J nkny
cHt[ bra;tnj rpwe;j tHpahFk;. bfhz;L tug;gLfpd;wd. ,g;g{r;rpfs;
vs; bfhk;g[g;g[G/ epyf;fliy gwitfs; kw;Wk; ,ju ,aw;if tpnuhjp
rptg;g[f; fk;gspg;g[G/ RUs; g{r;rp/ gH caphpd';fSf;F ,iwahf;fg;gLfpwJ.
<f;fs;/ Jtiuf;fha; </ gr;irf; fha;g;g[G/ nfhil kiH bga;jt[ld; tptrhapfs;
g{rzp tz;L/ nth;g;g[G kw;Wk; KU';if cGJ bfhz;oUf;Fk; epy';fspy; epiwa
fk;gspg;g[G nghd;witfs; Tl;Lg;g[Gthf gwitfs; cl;fhh;e;J bfhz;L g{r;rpfspd;
kz;zpy; thH;fpwJ. nfhil cHt[ Kl;ilfs;/ Tl:Lg;g[Gf;fs; Mfpatw;iw
bta;tjpdhy; ,e;j Tl;Lg; g[Gf;fs; bfhj;jp czthf cl;bfhs;tij tay;
kz;zpd; nkw;gug;gpw;F bfhz;L btspfspy; ehk; fz;Tlhff; fhzyhk;.
tug;gl;L nfhil fhyj;jpy; mjpf Nhpa nkYk;/ gwitfs; cz;z Koahky;
btg;gj;jhYk;/ gwitfshYk; mHpf;fg; ,Lf;Ffspy; ,Uf;Fk; Kl;ilfs;/
gLfpwJ. fk;g[/ nrhsk;/ kf;fhr;nrhsj;ijj; Tl;Lg; g[Gf;fs; Nhpa btg;gj;jhy;
jhf;Fk; mor;rhk;gy; neha;f;fpUkpfs;/ mHpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. vdnt/ xU';fpize;j
epyf;fliy/ gUj;jp/ gaWtifg; gaph;g; ghJfhg;g[ eph;thf Kiwapy; nfhil
gaph;fis jhf;Fk; nth; mGfy; cHt[ Kf;fpa g';F tfpf;fpd;wJ.
neha;f;fpUkpfs;/ fUk;igj; jhf;Fk;
nfhil cHt[ bra;tjpdhy;
brt;tGfy; neha;f;fpUkpfs;/ thiH/
g{r;rp/ neha; jhf;Fjy; fl;Lg;ghL/
bjd;idiaj; jhf;Fk; thly;
fisf;fl;Lg;ghL kw;Wk; kz;zpd; jd;ik
neha;f;fpUkpfs; nfhil cHt[ bra;tjd;
nkk;gLj;jg;gLtJ kl;Lkpy;yhky; gaph;
\yk; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. bey;ypy;
tpisr;rYk; ,UgJ rjtPjk; tiu
,iya[iw fUfy; neha;/ J';nuh
mjpfhpj;J cs;sij Ma;t[fs; cWjp
neha;/ k";rs; Fl;il neha; nghd;w
bra;J cs;sd.
neha;fs; gut[tjw;F fhuzpahf cs;s
g{";rhz';fs; kw;Wk; Ez;qaph; vdnt/ tptrhapfs; kz;qf;F
fpUkpfs; bey; jhs;fspYk;/ fisr; caph; Cl;lt[k;/ gaph; bra;fpd;w fhyj;jpy;
brofspYk; g[fyplkhf ,Ue;J tUfpd;wd. g{r;rp/ neha; jhf;Fjiy Fiwf;ft[k;/
nfhil cHt[ bra;tjhy; neha;f;fpUkpfs;/ gaph; tpisr;riy mjpfhpf;f bra;at[k;
g{";rhz';fs; fisfnshLk;/ vjph; tUfpd;w nfhil fhyj;jpy;
jhs;fnshLk; nrh;e;J mHpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. bga;a[k; nfhil kiHiag; gad;gLj;jp
,jdhy; gaphpLk; fhyj;jpy; neha; nfhil cHt[ bra;J gadila[khW
jhf;Fjy; Fiwa[k;. nfl;Lf;bfhs;fpnwhk;.

40 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

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fHpit Jisf;F btspna js;Sk;.
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àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 41

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20 % EC
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fha; cs;s ,uf';fis gaphplt[k;.
40 % EC
™™ xU vf;lUf;F 12 ,df;fth;;r;rpg;
bghwp mikf;ft[k;.
™™ ghf;Ohpah neha;f; fpUkpahd
ngrpy;y!; JUz;Ipbad;rP!;
vf;lUf;F 1000 fpuhk; bjspf;f
ntz;Lk;.
™™ elt[ bra;j 30 ehl;fspy; ,Ue;J
Kl;il xl;Lz;zpahd
l;iuf;nfhfpuhk;kh ifnyhdp!;
Kl;il xl;Lz;zp
vf;lUf;F 50/000 Kl;ilfis
4 Kiw tpl ntz;Lk;.
™™ ntg;gk; bfhl;il toePh; 5 rjtpfpjk;
bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
™™ braw;if gaphpj;jpuha;L
cgnahfpg;gij jtph;f;ft[k;.
™™ fha;Kjph;r;rp kw;Wk; mWtil
neu';fspy; g{r;rpf;bfhy;yp
cgnahfpg;gij jtph;f;ft[k;. ,df;fth;;r;rpg; bghwp
42 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
jz;Lj;Jisg;ghd; : g{r;rpapd; tpguk;
nrjj;jpd; mwpFwpfs; : ™™ g[G : ,s";rptg;g[ epw g[Gf;fs;.
™™ ,s";brofspd; ,s';FUj;J tho ™™ g{r;rp : rpwpaJ kaphpiHfshy; MdJ.
tj';fp fhzg;gLk;.
fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs;
™™ giHa brofs; tsh;r;rp Fd;wp
™™ ntg;g vz;bza; 2 kp.yp. / ypl;lh;
fhzg;gLk;.
bjspf;ft[k;.
™™ fha; cw;gj;jp jilg;gLk;.
Ql;lh / g[s;sp tz;L
g{r;rpapd; tpguk;
nrjj;jpd; mwpFwpfs;
™™ Kl;il : brjpy; nghd;W
btz;zpwj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; ™™ ,iyfspy; gr;irak; Ruz;lg;gl;L
ry;yil nghy; ,Uf;Fk;.
™™ g[G : btz;zpwj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;.
™™ g{r;rp : rhk;gy; epwk; fye;j gGg;g[
™™ brofspy; tPhpak; Fd;wp/ ehsiltpy;
tz;zj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;. fha;e;J fUfp cjph;e;J tpLk;.

™™ Kd; ,wf;iffs; : kj;jpapy; FWf;Ff; g{r;rpapd; tpguk;

nfhLfs; ,Uf;Fk;. ™™ Kl;il : k";rs; epwj;jpy;/ RUl;L
™™ gpd; ,wf;iffs; : btz;zpwj;jpy; totpy; ,Uf;Fk;.
,Uf;Fk;. ™™ g[G : k";rs; epwj;jpy; jl;iltotpy;
fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs: ,Uf;Fk;. clypd; kPJ 6 thpirapy;
™™ nrjkile;j kw;Wk; ,we;j fhpa epwj;jpy; Ks; nghd;w fpise;j
brofis nrfhpj;J mHpf;ft[k;. nuhk';fisf; bfhz;oUf;Fk;.

™™ vf;lUf;F xU tpsf;Fg; bghwp ™™ g{r;rp : miu nfhs totpy; ghjp

mikj;J g{r;rpfis nrfhpj;J gl;lhzp gUg;g[ nghy; k';fyhd
mHpf;ft[k;. gGg;g[ epw ,Uf;iffspd; kPJ 14
™™ ntg;g vz;bza; 2 kp.yp. / ypl;lh; fUk; g[s;spfs; ,Uf;Fk;.
bjspf;ft[k;.
™™ braw;if gaphpj;jpuha;Lfs;
cgnahfpg;gij jtph;f;ft[k;.
bkhf;F Jisg;ghd;
nrjj;jpd; mwpFwpfs:
™™ ghjpf;fg;gl;l bkhf;Ffspy; rpW
Jthuk; bjd;gLk;.
™™ bkhf;Ffs; RU';fp tpGe;JtpLk;. ,iy nrjk;
àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 43
 g{r;rpapd; tpguk;
™™ tz;od; g[G : rpwpa fhy;fsw;wJ.
™™ Tl;Lg;g[G : kz; gl;Lf;Tl;oy;
Tl;Lg;g[G gUtj;jpw;F bry;Yk;.
™™ g{r;rp : gRik fye;j btz;zpw
gpd; ,wf;ifapy; fU';nfhLfs;
fhzg;gLk;. gGg;g[ epwj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;
fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs;
g[G
™™ Td;tz;Lfis nrfhpj;J
mHpf;fyhk;.
™™ filrp cHtpd; nghJ vf;lUf;F
ntg;gk;g[z;zhf;F 500 fpnyh fpuhk;
,lt[k;.
™™ cl;gug;g[ mjpfKs;s ,l';fspy;
fhh;nghg;g{uhd; FWizia
vf;lUf;F 15 fpnyhit elt[f;F
g[s;sp tz;L gpwF ,lt[k;.

fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs: ™™ fhh;ghpy; 3 fpuhk; + eida[k; ry;@gh;

2 fpuhk; / ypl;lh; bjspf;ft[k;.
™™ ,iyfspy; cs;s tz;odg; g[Gf;
fisa[k;/ Kl;il TLfisa[k;
nrfhpj;J mHpf;ft[k;.
™™ brofis cGf;fp/ tz;odg;gG [ f;fs;/
Tl;Lg;g[G kw;Wk; g{r;rpfis fPnH
tpHr;bra;J mHpf;ft[k;.
™™ fhh;ghpy; 3 fpuhk; / ypl;lh; bjspf;ft[k;.
rhk;gy; Td; tz;L
nrjj;jpd; mwpFwpfs:
rhk;gy; Td; tz;L
™™ ,iyapd; Xu';fisf; foj;Jr; nrjk;
cz;lhf;Ffpd;wd. gGg;g[g; jj;Jg;g{r;rp
™™ g[Gf;fs; nth;fspd; Edpiaf; foj;J nrjj;jpd; mwpFwpfs:
jpd;gjhy; jhf;fg;gl;l brofs; thl ™™ ,iyf;fhk;g[fs; ePsk; Fiwe;J
Muk;gpf;fpd;wd. tpLk;.

44 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

™™ mst[f;F mjpfkhd ,iyfs;/
broapd; Edpf;FUj;jpy; njhd;wp
tsh;r;rpf; Fd;wpa broahf
njhw;wkspf;Fk;.
™™ kyh;fs; ,iy nghd;w mikg;ghf
khwptpLk;.
™™ brofs; g[jh; nghd;W fhl;rpaspf;Fk;.
™™ fha;fs; fha;g;gJ mhpJ.
™™ “rpw;wpiy (m) rpW ,iy neha;”
vd;Dk; ikf;nfhgpshrh neha;
rpw;wpiy neha;
flj;jpfshf bray;gLfpd;wd.
kht[g;g{r;rp
g{r;rpapd; tpguk;
nrjj;jpd; mwpFwpfs;
™™ kpfr;rpwpa gGg;g[ epw jj;jr; bry;Yk; ™™ ,iyfs; bfhj;jhf fhzg;gLjy;.
g{r;rpfs;.
™™ bro tsh;r;rp Fd;wp fhzg;gLjy;.
fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs: ™™ rpfg;g[ kw;Wk; fUg;g[ vWk;g[fspd;
™™ neha;j; jhf;fpa brofis gpL';fp elkhl;lk;.
mg;g[wg;gLj;j ntz;Lk;.
™™ gsgsg;ghd xl;Lk; jd;ik bfhz;l
™™ xU vf;lUf;F ilbkj;njhnal; njd; nghd;w jputk; ,iy kw;Wk;
30 ,.rp. 500 kp.yp. (m) kPijy;blkl;lhd; kw;w ghf';fspYk; fhzg;gLjy;.
20 ,.rp 500 kp.yp. bjspf;f ntz;Lk;. ™™ njd; nghd;w jputj;jpd;
nky;/ nfg;ndhoak; vdg;gLk;
fUepwg{rzj;jpd; jhf;Fjy;
bjd;gLjy;.
g{r;rpapd; tpguk;
™™ ,J cly; KGtJk; kht[ kw;Wk;
bkGFg; g{r;Rld; Toa kpfr; rpwpa
g{r;rpahFk;.
™™ bgUk;ghyhd kht[g; g{r;rpfs;
,s";rptg;g[ epwj;jpYk;/ rpytif
k";rs; epwj;jpYk; fhzg;gLk;.
gGg;g[g; jj;Jg;g{r;rp ™™ ,it ePs;tl;lkhf fhzg;gLk;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 45

™™ clypd; gf;fthl;oYk; gpd;gFjpap Yk; ™™ jhf;Fjy; Fiwthf ,Uf;Fk;nghnj
bkGF nghd;w ePl;rp ,iHfs; njitahd fl;Lg;ghl;L Kiwfis
fhzg;gLk;. ifahSjy;.

™™ ,g;g{r;rp/ Kl;il/ F";R ™™ xl;Lz;zp kw;Wk; ,iutpG';fpfs;

mjpfk; ,Uf;Fk;nghJ g{r;rpf;
(jtH;thd;fs;) kw;Wk; Kjph;e;j g{r;rp
bfhy;ypfs; bjspg;gijf; jtph;j;jy;.
vd \d;W gUt';fisf; bfhz;lJ.
™™ nrjk; Fiwthf ,Uf;Fk;nghJ
™™ Kl;ilg; gUtk; rhjhuzkhf fPH;f;fhqk; g{r;rpf;bfhy;ypfspy;
3-5 ehl;fSf;Fs; Koe;J/ F";Rfs; VnjDk; xd;iw jhf;fg;gl;l brofs;
(jtH;thd;fs;) btsptUk;. kw;Wk; mjidr; Rw;wpa[s;s gFjpapy;
(spot application) bjspj;jy;
™™ ,j;jhH;thd;fs; bgz; ,dj;jpy;
,Uepiyfisa[k;/ Mz; ,dj;jpy;  ntg;bgz;bza; 2 rjtpfpjk;
ehd;F epiyfisa[k; bfhz;Ls;sJ. 
ntg;g';bfhl;il gUg;g[r; rhW
5 rjtpfpjk;
™™ ,g;gUtk; rhjhuzkhf 20 - 30
 kPd; vz;bza; nuhrpd; nrhg;g[
ehl;fSf;Fs; Kotila[k;.
20 fp /ypl;lh;
™™ ,g;g{r;rpfs; Mz;ow;F 10 - 15
™™ nrjk; mjpfkhf fhzg;gLk; nghJ
jiyKiwfs; tiu ,dtpUj;jp fPH;f;fhqk; g{r;rpf; bfhy;ypfspy;
bra;af;Toait. VnjDk; xd;iw bjspf;ft[k;.
™™ Mz;g{r;rp < nghy; xU n$ho njitg;gl;lhy; 15 ehl;fSf;F
,wf;iffSld; fhzg;gLk;. ,it xUKiw kPz;Lk; bro KGtJk;
ed;F eida[k;go bjspf;ft[k;.
nrjk; vJt[k; bra;ahky;/
,dg;bgUf;fk; Koe;jt[ld; 2 - 3 mrpngl; 75 v!;gp 2 fp / ypl;lh;
ehl;fSf;Fs; ,we;JtpLk;.  g[nuhgndhgh!; 50 ,rp 2 kp.yp. /
ypl;lh;
nkyhz;ik
 Fnshh;ighpgh!; 20 ,rp 5 kp.yp. /
™™ fisfis mfw;wp tay;fis
ypl;lh;
Rj;jkhf itj;jy;.
 jnahkPj;jhf;rk; 20 lgps;a{o$p
™™ jhf;fg;gl;l brofs; kw;Wk; fisr; 0.6 kp.fp. / ypl;lh;
brofis g{r;rpfs; mjpfk; guthky;  ,kplhFnshgphpl; 18.5 v!;rp 0.6
gpL';fp mHpj;jy;. kp.yp. /ypl;lh;
™™ ,sk;gUtj;jpypUe;nj brofspy; bjspf;Fk;nghJ ypl;lUf;F xU
vWk;g[fspd; elkhl;lj;ijf; kpy;yp Oghy; my;yJ rhz;nlhtpl; xl;Lk;
fz;fhzpj;jy;. jputj;Jld; fye;J bjspf;ft[k;.

46 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

 èø¬õ ñ£´èÀ‚è£ù
Üì˜ bõù‹ & å¼ è‡«í£†ì‹
裙ï¬ì àíMò™ ¶¬ø
º¬ùõ˜ ². ªê‰F™°ñ£˜ 裙ï¬ì ñ¼ˆ¶õ‚ è™ÖK ñŸÁ‹
º¬ùõ˜ °. bð£ Ý󣌄C G¬ôò‹
º¬ùõ˜ F. ²è¡ò£ «è£ò‹¹ˆÉ˜ & 637 002
ܬô«ðC : 94442 22206

e k; ehl;oy; 200 kpy;ypad; khLfs;/

84 kpy;ypad; vUikfs;/
kpy;ypad; brk;kwp MLfs; kw;Wk; 115
50
kpy;ypad; bts;shLfs; cs;sd. fyg;gpd
,dtpUj;jp \yk; fwit khLfspd; ghy;
cw;gj;jp Toa[s;sJ. nfush/ kfhuh#;ouh/
jkpH;ehL/ g";rhg;/ cj;jpugpunjrk; kw;Wk;
nghjpa mst[ fpilf;fhjjhy; ghy;
cw;gj;jp Fiwthf cs;sJ. ekJ
fhy;filfSf;F njitahd jPtdg;
bghUl;fs;/ fpilf;Fk; mst[ kw;Wk;
jw;nghJ epyt[k; gw;whf;Fiw Mfpaitfs;
gw;wp fPH;f;fhqk; ml;ltizapy;
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

njit fpilg;gJ gw;whf;Fiw epfu

jPtdk;
(kp/ ld;) (kp/ ld;) (kp/ ld;) gw;whf;Fiw (%)
cyh; jPtdk; 613 567 46 8
gRe;jPtdk; 1070 462 608 56
mlh;jPtdk; 94 65 29 30
rj;Jf;fs;
brhpkhd g[ujk; 32 15 17 54
bkhj;j brhpkhd rj;Jf;fs; 445 328 117 26

nkw;F t';fk; Mfpa khepy';fspy; nkw;fhqk; ml;ltizapypUe;J

fyg;gpd khLfs; mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy;
fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ehl;L khLfis nghy;
my;yhky;/ fyg;gpd khLfspy; ghy;
cw;gj;jp mjpfk; vd;gjhy; rhptpfpj
jPtdj;ij njitahd mst[ mspg;gJ
mtrpak;. vdpDk;/ ek; ehl;oy; jPtdg;
gw;whf;Fiw xU bjhlh; gpur;ridahf
,Ue;J tUfpwJ. jukhd jPtd';fs;
brhpkhd g[ujj;jpd; gw;whf;Fiw 54
rjtpfpjKk;/ bkhj;j brhpkhd rj;Jf;fspd;
gw;whf;fiw 26 rjtpfpjKk; cs;sJ
vd mwpayhk;. nkYk;/ cyh; jPtdj;ij
tpl/ gRe;jPtdk; kw;Wk; mlh; jPtdj;jpd;
gw;whf;Fiw mjpfkhf cs;sJ. ekJ
fhy;eilfs; bgUk;ghYk; itf;nfhy;/
nrhsj;jl;il/ fk;g[ jl;il/ fUk;g[ njhif

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 47

nghd;w tptrha cgbghUs;fisa[k;/ khLfspd; rj;Jf;fspd; njitia
fk;g[ - neg;gpah; g[y;/ bfhGf;fl;il g[y;/ g{h;j;jp bra;a fyg;g[j; jPtdk; mspg;gJ
mUfk;g[y; nghd;w gRe;jPtdg; gaph;fisa[k; ,d;wpaikahjjhfpwJ. fyg;g[j; jPtdk;/
bghpJk; rhh;e;J cs;sd. bfhLf;Fk; mst[/ Kiwfs; kw;Wk; mlh;
nkw;fhqk; jPtd';fspy; jPtdk; mspg;gjhy; Vw;gLk; mDTy';fs;
™™ g[ujk;/ jhJ cg;g[fs; kw;Wk; gw;wp ,dp fhz;nghk;.
itl;lkpd;fs; Fiwt[. fyg;g[j;jPtdk;
™™ ehh;g;bghUs;fs; Fwpg;ghf ypf;dpd; kht[r;rj;J/ g[ujk;/ bfhGg;g[/ jhJ
mjpfk;. cg;g[fs; kw;Wk; itl;lkpd;fs; rhpahd
™™ jPtdk; cl;bfhs;Sk; mst[ kw;Wk; tpfpjj;jpy; ,Uf;FkhW jahhpf;fg;gl;l
rj;Jf;fs; brhpkhdk; Fiwt[. rhptpfpj mlh; jPtdnk fyg;g[j;
vdnt/ fyg;gpd khLfs; kw;Wk; jPtdkhFk;. bghJthf fPH;f;fhqk;
vUikfspy; ghy; cw;gj;jpf;F njitahd \yg;bghUs;fs; fyg;g[j; jPtdk; jahhpf;f
rj;Jf;fs; fpilg;gjpy;iy. ,r;NHypy;/ gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
t/ vz; \yg;bghUl;fs; mst[fs;
kht[r; rj;Jg; bghUs;fs;
m. kf;fhr; nrhsk; (my;yJ)
M. rpd;dr;nrhsk; (my;yJ)
1. 30 - 40 rjtpfpjk;
,. fk;g[ (my;yJ)
<. mhprpf;FUiz (my;yJ)
c. nfH;tuF kht[
g[ujr; rj;Jg; bghUl;fs;
m. fliyg; g[z;zhf;F (my;yJ)
M. vs;Sg;; g[z;zhf;F (my;yJ)
2. ,. nj';fha; g[z;zhf;F (my;yJ) 20 – 30 rjtpfpjk;
<. gUj;jpf; bfhl;ilg; g[z;zhf;F (my;yJ)
c. nrhah g[z;zhf;F (my;yJ)
C. Nhpafhe;jpg; g[z;zhf;F
jtpL
m. mhprpj; jtpL (my;yJ)
3. M. nfhJikj; jtpL (my;yJ) 30 – 40 rjtpfpjk;
,. fUf;fha; bey; jtpL (my;yJ)
<. gUg;g[g; bghl;L
4. Rz;zhk;g[ kht[ (Calcite) 1 rjtpfpjk;
5. jhJ cg;g[f; fyit (Mineral Mixture) 2 rjtpfpjk;
6. fy; cg;g[ (Salt) 1 rjtpfpjk;
bkhj;jk; 100 rjtpfpjk;

48 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

Fwpg;g[fs; : nrh;g;gJ ey;yJ. ,jdhy; midj;J
rj;Jf;fSk; fpilf;f VJthfpwJ.
fyg;g[j; jPtdj;jpy; nrh;f;fg;gl
ntz;oa \yg;bghUs;fspd; mst[fs; ™™ fyg;g[j; jPtdk; jahhpf;f
gad;gLj;jg;gLk; \yg;bghUs;fspy;
fPH;f;fhz;gitfisg; bghWj;J khWgLk;.
fy;/ kz;/ fyg;glk; ,d;wp jukhdjhf
™™ \yg;bghUspd; tpiy ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. g{";rhd er;R
™™ khl;od; ghy; mst[/ mjpy; cs;s ghjpj;j \yg;bghUs;fis
gad;gLj;jf;TlhJ.
bfhGg;g[r; rj;J kw;Wk;
™™ brhe;jkhf fyg;g[j; jPtdk; jahhpf;f
™™ fhy;eilfSf;F mspf;fg;gLk; kw;w
Koahj epiyapy;/ filfspy;
jPtd';fs;. fpilf;Fk; jukhd fyg;g[j; jPtdj;ij
cjhuzkhf/ mjpfk; ghy; fwf;Fk; th';fp cgnahfpf;fyhk;.
fwit khLfSf;F jhdpa';fs; fyg;g[j; jPtdk; mspf;Fk; Kiwfs;
mjpfkhft[k;/ Fiwthd ghy; fwf;Fk; fwit khLfSf;F mspf;f ntz;oa
khLfSf;F jtpL mjpfkhft[k; nrh;f;f fyg;g[j; jPtdj;jpd; mst[ mjd; cly;
ntz;Lk;. vil/ bfhLf;Fk; ghypd; mst[/ bfhGg;g[r;
rj;J kw;Wk; khLfSf;F mspf;fg;gLk;
™™ g[spa';bfhl;il J}s;/ kuts;sp jpg;gp/ kw;w jPtd';fs; Mfpatw;iw bghWj;J
gl;il/ kf;fhr;nrhs behjp fHpt[/ khWgLk;. ruhrhpahf/ gRkhLfSf;F 2.5
gUg;g[ bghl;L tiffs; Mfpatw;iw ypl;lh; ghYf;F 1 fpnyh fyg;g[j; jPtdKk;/
tpiy kypthf cs;s rka';fspy; vUikfSf;F 2.0 ypl;lh; ghy; cw;gj;jpf;F
1 fpnyh fyg;g[j; jPtdKk; bfhLf;f
fyg;g[j; jPtdj;jpy; nrh;f;fyhk;.
ntz;Lk;. ,j;njhL/ 10-15 fpnyh gRk;g[y;
™™ gy tifahd jPtd \yg; kw;Wk; 4-5 fpnyh cyh; jPtdk; mspf;f
bghUs;fis fyg;g[j; jPtdj;jpy; ntz;Lk;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 49

™™ gRe;jPtdk; fpilf;fhj twl;rp
fhy';fspy; fyg;g[j; jPtdj;jpd;
msit Tl;o bfhLf;f ntz;Lk;.
™™ cyh; jPtd';fis mspg;gjw;F
Kd;ghf fyg;gj
[ ; jPtdj;ij jz;zPhpy;
eidj;J bfhLg;gJ ey;yJ.
™™ ,uz;L my;yJ \d;W jlitahf
fyg;g[j; jPtdj;ij gphpj;J bfhLf;f
ntz;Lk;. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf/ 10 ypl;lh;
ghy; bfhLf;Fk; fwit khl;ow;F
jpdKk; 4 fpnyh fyg;g[j; jPtdk;
njitg;gLfpwJ. ,ij fhiyapy; 2
fpnyh/ khiyapy; 2 fpnyh vd gphpj;J kw;Wk; ,ju Ez;q}l;l jhJf;fs;
tH';f ntz;Lk;. fpilf;fpwJ. ,jdhy; ghy; fha;r;ry;/
fyg;g[j; jPtdk; mspg;gjhy; fpilf;Fk; jhJ cg;g[ gw;whf;Fiw neha;fs;/
ed;ikfs; ,dg;bgUf;f bfhshWfs; nghd;wit
Vw;gl tha;g;g[fs; Fiwt[.
™™ fwit khLfSf;F itf;nfhy;/
nrhsj;jl;il/ fUk;g[ njhif/ fk;g[ - ™™ fyg;g[j; jPtdj;jpy; fyf;fg;gLk; cg;g[
neg;gpah;g[y; nghd;witfs; jPtdkhf fwit khLfspd; ghy; cw;gj;jpf;F
mspf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,itfspy; g[ujk;/ njitg;gLk; cg;ig mspf;fpwJ.
kht[r; rj;J kw;Wk; jhJ cg;g[fs; ™™ fyg;g[j; jPtdk; mspg;gjhy; ghypy;
Fiwthft[k;/ ehh;g;bghUs;fs; bfhGg;gy;yhj jplg;bghUs;fs;
mjpfkhft[k; cs;sJ. ,jdhy; (SNF) mst[ mjpfhpf;fpwJ.
fwit khLfSf;F njitg;gLk; ™™ fwit khLfSf;F fyg;g[j; jPtdk;
midj;J rj;Jf;fSk; chpa mstpy; mspg;gjhy; ghy; fwit mjpfhpf;fpwJ.
fpilg;gjpy;iy. cyh; kw;Wk; ,jdhy; tptrhapfSf;F fpilf;Fk;
gRe; jPtd';fnshL fyg;g[j; jPtdk; tUkhdKk; TLfpwJ.
nrh;j;J bfhLg;gjhy; midj;J
rj;Jf;fSk; rhpahd mstpy; ™™ nkw;Twpago fyg;g[j; jPtdj;ij
fpilg;gnjhL cyh; jPtdj;jpd; fwit khLfSf;F njitahd mst[
brhpkhdk; mjpfhpf;fpwJ. mspg;gjhy;/ ghy; cw;gj;jpj; jpwd;
mjpfhpg;gnjhL fhy;eilfspy; neha;
™™ fyg;g[j; jPtdj;jpy; jhJ cg;g[fs;
jhf;Fjy; Fiwe;J Mnuhf;fpak;
nrh;f;fg;gLtjhy; fwit khLfSf;F
nkk;gLk; vd;gjpy; re;njfkpy;iy.
njitahd fhy;rpak;/ gh!;gu!;

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v dJ bgah; Mh;. bt';flhryk;/ ehd;

<nuhL khtl;lk; nfhgpbrl;oghisak;
tl;lk;/ g[Jts;spahk;ghisaj;jpy; trpj;J
mwptpay; epiyaj;jpd; bjhHpy; El;g
cjtpa[ld; ey;y ehl;Lf; nfhHp ,d';fis
njh;t[ bra;a bjhl';fpndd;. vdJ
tUfpnwd;. vdf;F brhe;jkhd 3 Vf;fh; gFjpapy; jl;g btg;g epiyf;F Vw;wjhft[k;/
njhl;lg{kpapy; thiH/ bjd;id kw;Wk; tpiutpy; tsh;e;J TLjy; vil bfhLf;ff;
ghf;F gaph; bra;Js;nsd;. tptrhaj;Jld; Toajhft[k;/ Ritkpf;f ,iwr;rpapid
2006 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; gz;iz mikj;J bfhz;ljhft[k;/ ey;y tpw;gid tha;g;g[k;
fwpf;nfhHp tsh;j;J te;njd;. fwpf;bfhHp cs;s tprpwpthy;/ kapy;/ bfhf;F bts;is/
tsh;g;gpy; mjpf mst[ ,urhad br';fUg;g[/ fUg;g[ kw;Wk; ty;Y}h; nghd;w
kUe;Jfis gad;gLj;jpajhYk;/ epiwa ,d';fis Fiwe;j vz;zpf;ifapy;
ntiyahl;fs; njitg;gl;ljhYk; rpy tsh;f;f Muk;gpj;njd;. tsh;f;fg;gl;l
jUz';fspy; nfhHpfs; mjpf mstpy; nfhHpfspypUe;J ey;y jukhd ed;F
,we;Jtpl;ljhYk; kpFe;j bghUshjhu tsuf;Toa bgUbtilf; nfhHpfisa[k;/
,Hg;g[ Vw;gl;lJ. vdf;F ehl;Lf; nrty;fisa[k; ,dtpUj;jpf;fhf njh;t[
nfhHp tsh;g;gpy; mDgtk; ,Ue;jjhy; bra;J gpuj;jpnafkhf tsh;j;J tUfpnwd;.
,yhgfukhd Kiwapy; mtw;iw
nfhHpf; F";Rfs; cw;gj;jp
g[jpa bjhHpy; El;g Kiwapy; tsh;f;f
jpl;lkpl;nld;. ,J bjhlh;ghf jukhd tpUk;gj;jf;f Fzhjpra';fisf;
ntshz; mwptpay; epiyaj;jpid bfhz;l nrty; kw;Wk; btilf; nfhHpfisg;
(MYRADA) mqfp ehl;Lf; nfhHp tsh;g;g[j; gad;gLj;jp jukhd nfhHpf;F";Rfis
bjhHpy; El;g';fis nkYk; bjhpe;J cw;gj;jp bra;J tUfpnwd;. vdJ
bfhz;nld;. nfhHpg; gz;izf;Fs; jdpj;jdpna
10 rpwpa miwfs; mikj;J xt;bthU
ehl;Lf;nfhHp ,d';fs; njh;t[ miwapYk; Fwpg;gpl;l ,d nrty; kw;Wk;
bra;jy; btilf; nfhHpfis milj;J mtw;iw
ehl;Lf; nfhHpfspy; gy;ntW tiffs; ,iza itj;J jukhd Kl;ilfis
cs;sd. <nuhL khtl;l ntshz; cw;gj;jp bra;J tUfpnwd;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 51

milfhj;jy; shz; mwptpay; epiyak; vd;id xU
bray;tpsf;f gadhspahf njh;t[ bra;J
nkw;fhqk; Kiwapy; cw;gj;jp
vdf;F xU F";R bghwpf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpid
bra;ag;gl;l Kl;ilfis jha;f;nfhHpfis
tH';fpaJ ,jpy; jpde;njhWk; fpilf;Fk;
gad;gLj;jp ghuk;ghpa Kiwapy;
fUt[w;w Kl;ilfis nrfhpj;J xt;bthU
milfhj;J nfhHpf;F";Rfis cUthf;fp
Kl;ilapYk; Kl;ilapl;l njjpapida[k;/
te;njd;.
mtw;wpd; ,df;FwpaPl;ila[k; vGjp
F";R bghwpf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; F";Rbghwpg;ghd; ,ae;jpuj;jpy; cs;s xU
gad;ghL gFjpahd milfhg;ghDf;Fs; 18 ehl;fs;
ehd; xnu rkaj;jpy; 30 Kjy; 35 itj;J tpLntd;. gpd;dh; mnj ,ae;jpuj;jpy;
jha;f;nfhHpfis itj;J Kl;ilfis cs;s kw;bwhU miwahd F";Rg;
cw;gj;jp bra;J ghuk;ghpa Kiwapy; bghwpg;ghDf;Fs; 4 ehl;fs; khw;wp itj;J
milfhf;f itj;jjhy; vdf;F tpl;lhy; F";Rfs; bghwpf;fg;gl;LtpLk;.
mjpf mst[ ntiygSt[k;/ ,lKk; ,e;j ,ae;jpuj;jpw;Fs; itf;fg;gLk;
njitg;gl;lJ. ,jw;fhf jdpg;gl;l Kl;ilfspy; Rkhh; 80 rjtpfpj Kl;ilfs;
Kiwapy; ntiy ahl;fis gzpakh;j;j jukhd F";Rfis bghwpj;J tpLk;.
ntz;oapUe;jJ. vdnt/ ,e;j fodkhf Kl;ilfs; bghwpf;fg;gl;lgpd; mLj;jfl;l
NH;epiyapy; <nuhL khtl;l ntshz; F";Rg; bghwpgpw;F ,ae;jpuj;jpid ed;F
mwptpay; epiyaj;jpid mqfpndd;. Rj;jg;gLj;jp gad;gLj;j ntz;Lk;.
,jd; mog;gilapy; ntshz; mwptpay; F";R bghwpg;ghd; ,ae;jpuj;jpd;
epiyak; nfhHpf;F";R bghwpf;Fk; ed;ikfs;
,ae;jpuj;jpidg; gw;wpa[k;/ mjd;
bray;ghLfs; gw;wpa[k; gapw;rp tH';fp
™™ F";R bghwpg;ghdpy; Kl;ilfis
mil itg;gjhy; jha;f; nfhHpfs;
tUtij bjhpe;J ehd; m';F brd;W
gapw;rpapid bgw;nwd;. ,jd; \yk; nt- mil fhf;Fk; fhyk; jtph;f;fg;gl;L
nfhHp xU khjj;jpw;F Kd;dnu
mLj;j fl;lkhf Kl;il itf;f
jahuhfptpLk;.
™™ bghJthf xU nfhHp xU Mz;oy;
,uz;L Kiw Kl;il itj;J
milfhj;J F";Rfis 2 Kjy;
3 khj';fs; tsh;f;Fk; fhyk;
jtph;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
™™ ,jdhy; xU Mz;ow;F 4 Kjy; 5
Kiw jha;f; nfhHpfs; Kl;ilapl
tHptif bra;ag;gLfpwJ. vdnt/
52 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ
 xU Mz;ow;F xU nfhHpapypUe;J tshfk; kw;Wk; njhl;lj;jpy; cs;s
45 Kl;ilfs; TLjyhf fiuahd;fs;/ fk;g[/ mnrhyh nghd;w
fpilf;fg;gLfpwJ. jPtd';fis cz;z itf;fpnwd;.

,sk; F";Rfs; guhkhpg;g[ ™™ vdJ gz;iz tshfj;jpidr;

Rw;wpapYk; ghJfhg;g[ ntypfs;
™™ F";R bghwpg;ghd; \yk;
mikj;J mtw;wpy; 21 ehl;fs;
bghwpf;fg;gLk; F";Rfs; Kjy;
taJila F";Rfis jpwe;j
7 ehl;fs; tiu mjw;bfd btspapy; tsh;f;fpnwd;. ,t;tif
gpuj;jpnafkhf totikf;fg;gl;l F";Rfs; gz;izapy; cs;s fk;g[/
Tz;Lfspy; milj;J itj;J fk;g[neg;gpah; g[y;/ thiHfspd;
braw;if xspbtg;gj;jpid gf;f fd;Wfs;/ g[y; tiffs;
bfhLf;fpnwd;. mjhtJ xU kw;Wk; ,ju gz;izf; fHpt[fis
F";Rf;F 2 thl;!; btg;gk; vd;w cl;bfhz;L jhdhfnt ,aw;ifahd
tpfpjj;jpy; 50 F";RfSf;F 100 NH;epiyapy; tsh;fpd;wd.
thl;!; Fz;L gy;gpid gad;gLj;jp neha;f; fl;Lg;ghL
tUfpnwd;. ,e;j F";RfSf;F
tHf;fkhd Muk;g epiy
™™ F";R bghwpj;j 7 tJ ehs; RDVK-F1
vd;w brhl;L kUe;jpid bfhLf;f
jPtdj;jpid Kjy; 15 ehl;fSf;F
ntz;Lk;.
bfhLf;fpnwd;.
™™ 14 tJ ehs; RPT brhl;L kUe;jpid
™™ VG Kjy; 21 ehl;fshd F";Rfis
bfhLf;f ntz;Lk;.
mjw;bfd gpuj;jpnafkhf
mikf;fg;gl;l Tz;Lfspy; milj;J ™™ 21 tJ ehs; Lasota vd;w brhl;L
tsh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j gUtj;jpy; kUe;jpid bfhLf;f ntz;Lk;.
nfhHpf;F";RfSf;F Muk;g epiy ™™ 60tJ ehs; RDVK vd;w jLg;g{rp nghl
jPtdj;Jld; vdJ gz;iz ntz;Lk;.

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 53

™™ gpd;dh; xt;bthU 60 ehl;fSf;F xU ,jdhy; ey;y tpw;gid tha;g;g[k; ey;y
Kiw RDVK jLg;g{rp nghl ntz;Lk;. tUkhdKk; vdf;F fpilj;Js;sJ.
™™ mk;ik nehapid jLf;f thuk; F";R bghwpf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpid vdf;F
xU Kiw ntg;gpiya[ld; k";rs; kl;Lky;yhky; ehl;Lf;nfhHp tsh;g;nghh;
J}spid nrh;j;J ed;F miwj;J kw;Wk; mz;il gFjpapy; cs;s
nfhHpf;F tH';Fk; FoePUld; fye;J tptrhapfSk; gad;gLj;jp tUfpd;wdh;.
bfhLj;J tUfpnwd;. ,jdhy; ,k;Kiwapy; ehl;Lf;nfhHpia
mk;ik neha;f; jhf;FtJ kpft[k; tsh;g;gjhy; ey;y ,yhgk; fpilf;fpwJ.
Fiwthf cs;sJ. bghGJ nghf;fhft[k; ,j;bjhHpypid
bra;a ,aYk;. ,jpy; cjphp tUkhdkhf
™™ khjk; xU Kiw rpwpa btsp egh;fspd; Kl;ilfis bghwpj;Jf;
bt';fhaj;jpid eWf;fp jPtdj;Jld; bfhLg;gjhYk; fpilf;fpwJ. ehd;
fye;J bfhLj;J tUfpnwd;. ,g;gz;izapid mikf;f 25 brd;l;
™™ Kf;fpakhf ,ut[ neu';fspy; gug;gstpw;F +gha; ,uz;L ,yl;rk; bryt[
nfhHpfis gz;izapy; bra;njd;. ,jd; \yk; vdf;F khjk;
milf;fhky; jpwe;jbtspapy; xd;Wf;F +gha; 15000 Kjy; 20000 tiu
guz; mikj;J mjd; nky; cw';f ,yhgk; fpilf;fpwJ.
mDkjpf;fpnwd;. ,jdhy; neha;fs; vdnt/ ,e;j nfhHpf;F";R bghwpf;Fk;
jhf;FtJk; xU nfhHpapypUe;J kw;w ,ae;jpuj;jpid gad;gLj;jp ey;y ehl;Lf;
nfhHpfSf;F neha;fs; gut[tJk; nfhHp ,d';fis tsh;j;J tptrhag;
bgUkst[ jLf;fg;gLfpwJ. nkYk;/ bgUkf;fs; gad; bgw ntz;Lfpnwd;.
ghk;g[ kw;Wk; fPhp nghd;w tpy';Ffspd;
bjhFg;g[ :
jhf;FjypypUe;J nfhHpfis
Kidth; gp/ mHnfrd;
vspjhf ghJfhf;f KofpwJ. vk;/ jpU\h;j;jp
vdJ gz;izapy; 4 Kjy; 5 ikuhlh - ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiyak;
khj';fshd xt;bthU nfhHpa[k; Rkhh; 2 nfhgpr;brl;oghisak;/ <nuhL - 638453
Kjy; 3 fpnyh vil bfhz;ljhf ,Uf;fpwJ. bjhiyngrp : 04285 - 241626

54 HŠóõK & 2017 àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ

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ªî£N™º¬ù«õ£K¡ ÜÂðõ‹...
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, d;iwa fhyj;jpy; gy khzth;fs;

tptrha gog;ig Koj;Jtpl;L
tptrhak; rhuhj bjhHpy;fspYk; Vida
,tuJ eh;rhp 3.5 Vf;fhpy; mike;Js;sJ.
mjpy; kh/ khJis/ vYkpr;ir nghd;w
kutiffisa[k;/ brk;gUj;jp/ fnuhl;ld;!;
kw;w gl;lg;gog;ig Koj;Jtpl;L tptrhak; nghd;w mHFr; brofisa[k;/ ky;ypif/
bra;gth;fSk; cz;L. Mdhy;/ nuh!; nghd;wtw;wpd; ehw;w';fhy;fisa[k;
jpU. rhykndh eh;rhp bjhHpy; bra;tjw;fhf bfhz;Ls;sJ. nkYk;/ jdJ eh;rhpapnyna
,uz;L Mz;Lfhyk; og;snkh tptrhak;/ nkw;Twpatw;iw cw;gj;jp bra;J tpw;gid
nkYk; Xuhz;L fhyk; tzpftpay; bra;fpd;whh;.
njhl;lf;fiya[k; goj;Js;shh;.
mwpt[j;jpwd; my;y mDgtj;jpwd;
ve;j xU eghpd; btw;wpf;Fg; gpd;Dk;
fy;Y}hpapy; fw;Wj;jUk; fy;tp
VnjDk; xU egh; fhuzkhf ,Ug;gh;.
kl;Lnk midj;J mwptia[k; je;JtplhJ
mnjnghy; rhykdplk; c';fs; btw;wpf;F
vd;fpd;whh; ,th;. mth; mDgtnk rpwe;j
ahh; fhuzk; vd;W nfl;lnghJ clnd
Mrhd; vd;gij czh;e;J mthpd;
vd; je;ijjhd; vd;whh;. mtuJ je;ij
mwpita[k;/ ,e;j bjhHpy; rhh;e;j
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ehw;w';fhy; gz;iz bjhl';fpa[s;shh;.
bra;jpj;jhs;fspy; tUk; bra;jpfs;/
Mdhy;/ mg;nghJ mtUf;F g[jpa
nkYk; fl;Liufs; mJkl;Lkpd;wp rhjid
bjhHpy;El;g';fs; gw;wpa tpHpg;g[zh;t[
gilj;j tptrhapfspd; ,lj;jpw;nf brd;W
,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; mt;tst[
mth;fs; ifahSk; bjhHpy; El;g';fis
tUkhdk; ,y;iy. vdnt/ jd; kfDf;F
bjspthf fw;Wbfhs;thuhk;. nkYk;/ mth;
nky;epiyg; gog;ig Koj;jt[ld;
tptrhak; rhh;e;j bjhHpy; Kidnthh;
tptrhaj;jpd; kPJk;/ Ra bjhHpy; kPJk;
gapw;rpfs; v';F eilbgw;whYk;
Mh;tj;ij Vw;gLj;jpa[s;shh;. vdnt/
jtwhky; fye;Jbfhz;L njitahd
rhykd; tptrha gog;ig njh;e;bjLj;J
jfty;fisa[k; bjhpe;Jbfhs;fpwhh;.
goj;Js;shh;.
tUkhdk;
jw;nghJ rhykDk; jd; je;ijnahL
nrh;e;J eh;rhpapy; gy bjhHpy;El;g';fis rhykd; mth;fs; xU Mz;ow;F
ifahz;L yhgk; fz;Ls;shh;. 10 yl;rk; +gha; bryt[ bra;J ,UgJ

àöõK¡ õ÷¼‹ «õ÷£‡¬ñ HŠóõK & 2017 55

yl;rk; +gha; tUkhdk; <l;Lfpwhh;. mtuJ tpw;gid
eh;rhpf;F njitahd \yg;bghUs;fis
,th; jkpH;ehL KGtJk;
bg';f~hpy; cs;s ghf;ah eh;rhpapYk;/
jdJ gz;izapy; jahhpf;fg;gl;l
bro tsh;f;f njitahd ghypj;jPd;
ehw;w';fhy;fis tpw;gid bra;fpwhh;.
igfis $fd; ghypngr;rpYk; th';Ffpwhh;.
,tuJ eh;rhp jpz;Lf;fy; - kJiu njrpa
xU Mz;ow;F bfha;ah 6000 ehw;w'; beL";rhiyapy; mike;jpUg;gjhy;
fhy;fisa[k;/ gyh 3000 ehw;w';fhy; midtUf;Fk; vspjhf bjhpe;j xd;whf
fisa[k;/ kh 3000 ehw;w';fhy;fisa[k;/ cs;sJ. nkYk;/ jdJ eh;rhpia gw;wp
khJis 1000 ehw;w';fhy;fisa[k;/ mt;tg;nghJ bra;jpj;jhs;fspy; tpsk;guk;
vYkpr;ir 500 ehw;w';fhy;fisa[k; bra;J tUfpwhh;. mjd; \yk; epiwa
cw;gj;jp bra;J xt;bthU ehw;w';fhy;
tptrhapfs; ,tUila khjh eh;rhpapy;
fisa[k; +. 60w;F tpw;gid bra;fpd;whh;.
ehw;w';fhy;fis bgw;W bry;tjhft[k;
mHFr;bro ehw;w';fhy;fis Mz;ow;F
Twpdhh;.
2/00/000 cw;gj;jp bra;J/ xU bro +. 15f;F
tpw;gid bra;fpwhh;. ky;ypif broia btw;wpapd; ufrpak;
+. 10f;F tpw;gid bra;fpwhh;. tUk; kw;w eh;rhpfspy; 3 khj';fnsahd
tUkhdj;jpy; +. 5 Kjy; 6 yl;rk; ky;ypif ehw;Wfis tpw;gid
eh;rhpia guhkhpf;f bryt[ bra;fpwhh;. bra;fpd;wdh;. bghJthf ky;ypif 8
mth; jdJ eh;rhpia guhkhpf;f 10 Kjy; 10 khj';fs; fHpj;nj tpisr;riyj;
bgz; ntiyahl;fisa[k;/ 4 Mz; jUk;. ,jid kdjpy; bfhz;L
ntiyahl;fisa[k; cjtpf;F ,th; jdJ eh;rhpapy; 6 khjfhyk;
itj;Js;shh;. bgz; ntiyahl;fSf;F ky;ypifr; broia tsh;j;J gpd;g[
khjk; +. 4000-k;;/ Mz; ntiyahl;fSf;F tpw;gjhy; ,uz;L khj';fspnyna
khjk; +. 8500-k; rk;gsk; jUfpwhh;. tpisr;riyg; bgw;W tptrhapfs; kfpH;r;rp

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 Vw;gLk; ehw;w';fhy; mGfy;neha;/
mRtpdp/ ,iyJUneha;/ ,iyngd;fs;
nghd;w g{r;rp kw;Wk; neha; jhf;Fjy;fns.
mjw;F njitahd kUe;Jfis
mUfpYs;s tptrha mnyhrfhplk; nfl;L
kUe;Jfis rhpahd mstpYk; rhpahd
neuj;jpYk; bjspj;J fl:Lg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
vjph;fhyj;jpl;lk; - khoj;njhl;lk;
jw;nghJ ryhkd; jd; tPl;L
khoapy; khoj;njhl;lk; mikj;J tPl;Lf;F
njitahd fha;fwpfs; kw;Wk; kUj;Jt
FzKs;s brofis tsh;f;fpd;whh;.
,ijg; ghh;j;J tpae;j ehd; nkYk;/
mtUila vjph;fhyj; jpl;lj;ij gw;wp
nfl;l nghJ ,d;Dk; MW khj';fspy;
“fhh;ld; nfh; brd;lh;” xd;iw bjhl';f
cs;sjhf Twpdhh;. mjd; \yk;
Mh;tKs;s egh;fSf;F gapw;rp mspj;J
eh;rhp kw;Wk; khoj;njhl;lk; mikj;J ju
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