1.Lightning arresters – help prevent lightning damage to the apparatus because of high voltages.

2. A lightning arrester - can be compared to a relief valve on a water heater.

3. Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT) -is a switchgear device used to convert high transmission
class voltage into easily measurable values, which are used for metering, protection, and control of
high voltage systems.

4. voltage transformer VT- is a transformer used in power systems to step down extra high voltage
signals and provide a low voltage signal, for measurement or to operate a protective relay.

5. wave trap- is an interference positioned on the transmission line that stops a high-frequency
waveform from entering a low-frequency device.

6. Capacitor Coupled Voltage Transformer (CCVT) -is inferior to that of the electromagnetic voltage
transformer. Its performance is affected by the supply frequency, switching transients, the
magnitude of connected burden, etc.

7-8 These are further classified into two types : Current Transformers Potential Transformers

9. current transformer- is defined as an instrument transformer in which the secondary current is

substantially proportional to the primary current (under normal conditions of operation) and differs
in phase from it by an angle which is approximately zero for an appropriate direction of the
connections.