CHAPTER 3

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
PYQ

1. Which is the commercial unit of electrical energy?

[1] [2022 2nd Term]
2. Power of the primary of a step up transformer without energy loss is
100 W. What is the power of the secondary?
(less than 100 W, 100 W, more than 100 W )
[1] [2022 2nd Term]
3. Symbol of a component used in electric circuits is given below;

a) Identify the symbol

b) What is the function of this component? [2] [2022 2nd Term]

4. How do three pin plug ensure better safety in house hold electric
circuits? [2] [2022 2nd Term]

5. Observe the figure

a) The conductor AB is moved upwards suddenly, perpendicular to

the plane of the paper. Which is the direction of the induced
current?
from A to B / from B to A

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 b) Which is the law that helps us to reach this conclusion? State the
law. [3] [2022 2nd Term]

6. A transformer without power loss have 1500 turns in the primary

and 7500 turns in the secondary. Voltage across secondary is 250 V
and power of the transformer is 100 W.
a) What is the working principle of a transformer? [1]
b) Calculate the primary voltage. [1]
c) Calculate the primary current. [1]
[2022 2nd Term]
7. Transformers have important role in power transmission without
energy loss.
a) Which are the stages at which transformers are used in power
transmission? [1]
b) What is the reason for power loss in power transmission? [1]
c) How do transformers help to minimising energy loss in power
transmission? [1]
nd
[2022 2 Term]
8. In a house, 5 CF lamps each of 20 W works for 4 hours, 4 fans each
of 60 W works for 5 hours in a day. What will be the daily
consumption of energy shown by the watt hour meter? [4]
nd
[2022 2 Term]
9. Electric shock may lead to death. Hence electricity is to be handled
with atmost concern for safety.
a) What are the precautions to avoid electric shock? (any four) [2]
b) Write down some first aids to be given in the case of electric
shock? (any four) [2]
[2022 2nd Term]
10. A straight conductor AB is arranged parallel to a magnetic
needle capable to rotate freely as shown in the figure.

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 a) Give the direction of deflection of the north pole of the magnetic
needle when the circuit is switched on. (clockwise/anticlockwise)
b) What is the reason for the deflection of the magnetic needle?
c) Suggest a method to reverse the direction of deflection of the
magnetic needle. [3] [2022 1st Term]

11. Explain the following. [2] [2021 March]

(a) Electromagnetic Induction
(b) Induced emf

12. Observe the figure. [4] [2021 March]

(a) Identify the Generator.

(b) Write the working principle of this generator.
(c) Which type of emf is induced in the armature?
(d) Write the function of split ring commutator used in this
generator.

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13. Analyse the figure to answer the questions. [4] [2021 March]

a) In which circuit is a varying magnetic field developed around the

solenoid?
b) Which bulb in the circuit glows when the switch is kept on?
c) Explain whether there is a difference in the intensity of the light
of the bulb.

14. Pick out the correct relationship associated with a step-down

transformer.
[V, N, I represents Voltage, Number of turns and Current
respectively, p and s represent the primary and secondary]
a) Vs > Vp
b) Vp > Vs
c) Np > Ns
d) Ip > Is [2] [2021 Model]

15. Inductors and resistors are used to reduce current in a circuit to

a desired value. But inductors are not used in DC circuits why?
Explain. [2] [2021 Model]

16. The given figure represents the parts of a moving coil

microphone. [3] [2021 Model]

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 a) Identify the parts labeled as A, B.
b) How is the sound wave falling on this device get converted to
electrical signal? Explain.

17.
a) Write any two methods to reduce the transmission loss in power
transmission.
b) Write the names of any two electric lines that brings electric
power to your house.
[3] [2021 Model]

18. Observe the picture. [4] [2021 Model]

a) Which type of generator is given in the picture?

b) Write the working principle of this generator.
c) Draw the graph of the output emf of the above generator.
d) How is the graph differ from the graph of the output emf from a
DC-Generator?

19. The block diagrams represent two type of transformers.

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 [4] [2021 Model]

a) Identify the step-up transformer from the figure. Justify your

answer.
b) Some coils in the transformers shown in the figure are made up of
thick wires. Why?

20. Write any two methods to provide first aid in the case of
electric shock. [2] [2020 Final]

21. Observe the figure of a DC motor. [2] [2020 Final]

a) Write the name of the parts labelled as A and B.

b) What are the changes to be made so as to convert this device into
an AC generator?

22. Two stages of experiment conducted with a solenoid and a

magnet is given below: [4] [2020 Final]
(Magnets shown in Fig-A and Fig-B are stationary magnet and a
moving magnet respectively)

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 a) In which stage, the galvanometer deflects?
b) Explain the reason for this deflection in galvanometer with the
help of scientific principle that you have learned.
c) Write any two devices that works on this principle.

23. Observe the figure and answer the following questions. B1 and
B2 are identical bulbs. [4] [2020 Final]

a) Which bulb will glow in the circuits?

b) If the battery in the circuit is replaced by an ac source of the same
voltage, what change can be observed in the working of the
bulbs? Explain the reasons for this change.

24. An LED of 1 Volt is connected to the two terminals of a toy

motor. The LED lights up when the armature is rotated at a high
speed. [3] [2020 Model]
a) Write the two main parts of a dc motor.
b) How this device produces emf while rotating its armature?
Explain.

25. [3] [2020 Model]

a) Identify the graphs which represent direct current.

b) Compare the nature of electromotive forces that produce the
direct current represented by the graphs.

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26. [4] [2020 Model]
a) List out the difference in the designs of a step-up and step-down
transformer.
b) A transformer without any loss in power has 5000 turns in the
primary. The input voltage and output voltage are 240 Volts and
24 Volts respectively. If the current through the primary is 0.4 A :
i) Calculate the number of turns in the secondary,
ii) Calculate the current in the secondary.

27. Find MCB and Watt hour meter from the following?
[1] [2020 2nd Term]

[1] [2020 2nd Term]

28. What is the voltage of electricity generated for power

transmission in India? (230 V, 1100 V, 110kV, 11kV)
[1] [2020 2nd Term]
29. Which of the following picture is correct according to
Fleming's right-hand rule? [1] [2020 2nd Term]

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30. Electrical shock is a dangerous hazard. Write any four
precautions to be taken to avoid electrical shock while handing
electrical appliance. [2] [2020 2nd Term]

31. Analyse the circuits and answer the following questions.

a) A student said that magnetic field is developed around the

solenoid in the second circuit only. Explain your opinion about
the statement.
b) In which circuit, a continuous emf produced. Name this
phenomenon and explain.
[3] [2020 2nd Term]

32. The following figure represents a permanent magnet and an

electromagnet.

a) Find out the polarity of the electromagnet at A.

b) Write any two differences between a permanent magnet and an
electro magnet.
[3] [2020 2nd Term]
33. Observe the figure [4] [2020 2nd Term]

a) Identity the devices P, Q and write its name.

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 b) Write down the difference in function of split rings in these
devices.
c) Write the working principles of each of these devices.

34. A transformer having no power loss has 5000 turns in is

primary. The current in the primary coil and secondary coil are 0.1
and 10 A respectively.
a) Which type of transformer is this? (Step up / Step down)
b) Calculate the secondary voltage if the applied voltage in the
primary is 1100V.
c) Calculate the output power of this transformer
[4] [2020 2nd Term]

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 Solutions

1. Kilowatt hour or kwh

2. 100W (same as that of primary)

3.
a) Solenoid or Inductor
b) An inductor has the functions of developing electromotive force
in the direction that reduces fluctuation when a fluctuating current
flows and storing electric energy as magnetic energy.

4. A three-pin plug's pin E makes contact with the earth line. This pin
is now connected to the appliance's body. Electricity flows to the
ground through the earth wire if the body comes into contact with
an electric connection.

5.
a) A to B
b) Fleming's left-hand rule
Fleming's left-hand rule can be stated as stretching the
forefinger, middle finger, and thumb of the right hand such that
they are mutually perpendicular to each other. Here, the
forefinger indicates the direction of the magnetic field, the middle
finger indicates the direction of current in the conductor.

6.
a) Mutual Induction
b) Np = 1500, NS = 7500
VS = 250 V
P = 100 W
Vs Ns
=
Vp Np

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 250 7500
=
Vp 1500
250
Vp = = 50 V
5
c) IP × VP = IS × VS
we have P = 100 W
IP × 50 = 100
100
IP = = 2A
50

7.
a) generation, transmission and distribution.
b) One of the main causes of power loss is the Joule effect found in
transformers and power lines. The energy is lost in the form of
heat in the conductors.
c) By reducing the current, therefore, the I2R losses can be
minimized.
Power companies use step-up transformers to boost the voltage
to hundreds of kV before it is transmitted down a power line,
reducing the current and minimizing the power lost in
transmission lines.

8. Total Power of CFL = 5 × 20 W = 100 W, hour = 4hr

Total Power of Fan = 4 × 60 W = 240 W, hour = 5hr
100 W×4hr
Energy consumed by CFL = = 0.4 unit
1000
240 W×5hr
Energy consumed by Fan = = 1.2 unit
1000

Total Energy in one day = 0.4 + 1.2 = 1.6 unit

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9.
a) (1) Keep all electric appliances away from places where there is
water, such as a sink, toilet, or bathtub.
(2) Never use a damaged extension cord
(3) Before changing a lightbulb, switch the light off or unplug
the lamp are wet or if the appliance is on a wet surface.
(4) wear rubber footwear while operating electrical device
b) (1) Raise the temperature of the body by massaging
(2) Give Artificial Respiration
(3) Massage the muscles and bring the original condition
(4) Start first aid for the functioning of the heart

10.
a) Clockwise / North – East direction
b) A magnetic field is developed around a current carrying
conductor. The magnetic needle is deflected as a result of the
mutual action of this magnetic field and that around the magnetic
needle.
c) Reverse or change the direction of flow of electric current

11.
a) Whenever there is a change in the magnetic flux linked with a
coil, an emf is induced in the coil. This phenomenon is
electromagnetic induction.
b) It can be defined as the generation of a potential difference in a
coil due to the changes in the magnetic flux through it.

12.
a) DC Generator
b) Electromagnetic induction
c) AC

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 d) Split rings are used to keep the direction of current be same in the
external circuit.

13.
a) Figure B
b) The bulbs in both the circuits will glow
c) Since the circuit B is AC, a back emf is induced in it due to self‐
induction, the resultant voltage across the bulb decreases and
brightness of the bulb decreases.

14. (b) and (c)

15. Continuous induction is not possible with DC. Because of no

continuous change in magnetic flux.

16.
a) A - Magnet, B - Voice coil
b) When sound signals reach the voice coil, the voice coil inside a
permanent magnetic field starts vibrating. And an induced emf
will produce in the coil.

17.
a) Increase the voltage and decrease the current.
b) Phase line and neutral line

18.
a) AC generator
b) Electromagnetic induction
c)

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 Direction changes continuously
No change in emf
d)

No change in the direction of current

emf increases and decreases

19.
a) Figure A.
Less number of turns using thick wire in the primary and more
turns used in the secondary. The voltage in the primary will be
low and current will be more in step up transformer.
b) Intensity of current as well as heat will be more there and to
overcome the coils from this, using thick wires.

20.
• Raise the temperature of the body massaging.
• Give artificial respiration.
• Massage the muscles and bring them to the original condition.
• Start first aid for the functioning of the heart (Apply pressure
on the chest regularly)

21.
a) A - Armature coil B - Split ring
b) To convert DC motor to AC generator, change the split ring
commutator with slip rings in the structure.

22.
a) Figure B – in the stage where the magnet is moving

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 b) Whenever there is change in the magnetic flux linked with a coil,
an emf is induced in the coil. This phenomenon is
electromagnetic induction. Here whenever the magnet moves in
the solenoid the magnetic flux linked with the coil changes and
induces an emf. Thus, the needle in the galvanometer deflects.
c) Generator, Moving coil Microphone

23.
a) Bulb B1 glows continuously.
b) Two bulbs B1, B2 will glow due to mutual Induction
Intensity of B1 decreases due to self induction

24.
a) Armature, Field magnet
b) Armature is situated in the magnetic field of the field magnet. As
the Armature rotates there will be continuous change in the
magnetic flux linked with the magnet, an emf is induced in the
armature.

25.
a) Graph 2 and Graph 3
b) In Graph 2, there is no change in direction and magnitude of emf.
But in Graph 3, there is change in magnitude and no change in
direction.

26. a)

In step-up transformers In step-down transformers

Number of turns more in secondary Number of turns more in primary

Thick wires are used in primary. Thick wires are used in

secondary.

b) i)

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 Ns VS Ns 24
= = =
NP VP 5000 240

24X5000
NS = = 500
240

ii)
Is Vp
=
IP Vs
Is 240
=
0.4 24
240 × 0.4
Is = =4A
24

27. B – Watt hour metre D – MCB

28. 11 kV

29. Fig. B

30.
• Never handle or operate electrical appliance when the hands are
wet.
• Insert or withdraw the plug only after switching off.
• Do not operate high power devices using ordinary socket.
• Ensure that main switch and ELCB are switched off when
maintenance work is being carried out.

31.
a) Magnetic flux will be induced in both the circuit. But variable
magnetic flux will be induced only in the circuit 2.
b) In circuit 2. It is called self induction.
The change in magnetic flux due to the flow of an AC (Or a
variable current) in a solenoid will generate a back emf in the

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 same solenoid in the direction opposite to that applied to it. This
phenomenon is known as self induction.

32.
a) A – North pole B – South pole.
b) Permanent magnet: Poles cannot be interchanged, Strength
can’t be varied.
Electromagnet: Poles can be changed by changing direction of
current, Strength can be varied.

33.
a) P – DC Generator Q – DC motor.
b) In DC generator, split ring helps to make available direct current
(DC) in the external circuit. But in a DC motor, the split ring
helps to rotate the armature in the same direction during every
half rotation.
c) DC Generator – Electromagnetic Induction
DC motor – Motor Principle

34.
a) Step down transformer.
b) Ip = 0.1 A Is = 10 A Vp = 1100 V
Vs Ip
We have, =
Vp Is

Vs 0.1
=
1100 10
0.1
Or Vs = 1100 × = 11 V
10

c) Output power Pout = Vs × Is = 11 × 10 = 110 W

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