USES OF MIRRORS

AND LENSES
 LEARNING COMPETENCY
IDENTIFY WAYS IN WHICH THE PROPERTIES OF MIRRORS
AND LENSES DETERMINE THEIR USE IN OPTICAL
INSTRUMENTS (E.G., CAMERAS AND BINOCULARS)
(S10FE-IIH-52)

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the Grade 10 students should be able to:
• identify the uses of concave and convex mirrors
• identify the uses of concave and convex lenses
• explain the ways in which the properties of mirrors determine their use in
optical instruments (e.g., cameras and binoculars);
• determine how the location of the object from the lenses/mirrors affect the
image formed .
 MIRRORS
• A mirror is a reflective surface that bounces
off light, producing either a real image or a
virtual image. When an object is placed in
front of a mirror, the image of the same object
is seen in the mirror.
• Mirrors come also in three types, namely:
plane mirror, convex (diverging) and concave
(converging) mirrors.
Applications and Uses Of Plane Mirrors
 PERISCOPES AND KALEIDOSCOPES
• In submarines, the mirrors used in
periscopes reflect the images of any
ships present on the surface of the
sea.

• While mirrors used in

kaleidoscopes along with color glass
reflect many colorful patterns.
 LOOKING GLASSES
• We wake up every morning and the first
thing we use is the mirror to see, to
brush, to do makeup etc. Without
mirrors, it would be very difficult to do
these activities.

SOLAR COOKER
• In a solar cooker, a plane mirror reflects
most of the sunlight which falls on it. Solar
cooker is the most efficient way of using
renewable energy for cooking purposes.
Applications And Uses Of
Concave Mirror
VEHICLES HEADLIGHTS

1.Concave mirrors are used in the

headlights of cars to produce a
parallel beam of light covering a
longer distance on the road.

2. The bulb is placed at the focus

point of the mirror because the light
rays that pass through the focus of a
concave mirror get reflected as rays
parallel to the principal axis of the
mirror.
3. This produces a high beam of
reflected light and makes the road
clearly visible to the driver.
 SHAVING MIRRORS
• Shaving mirrors are concave mirror, so that
when you keep your face near to the focus of
the mirror, you get a magnified image.

SOLAR FURNACES
• A solar furnace works by using different
shapes of concave reflectors.
• Concave mirrors absorb all the incident solar
radiation, reflecting it to a single focal point.
• This reflected light concentrate all the thermal
energy received in a big area to a focal point.
The different types of concave mirrors reflect
sunlight to a single focal point.
DENTAL MIRRORS
• this type of mirror is what the dentist
used in magnifying the area behind
your teeth to check on cavities and
tooth decay.

MAKEUP MIRRORS

• can make it much easier to see the

details of your face and your
makeup when you don't have the
best eyesight.
SEARCHLIGHTS, TORCHES AND FLASHLIGHTS
Applications And Uses Of
Convex Mirror
REAR VIEW MIRROR FOR VEHICLES
• is an adjustable reflective
device to give the driver a
view of the road, vehicles,
and objects behind the
car.

SHOP SECURITY MIRRORS

• Also, while in mall
supermarkets and in some
convenience stores, you may
notice mirrors hanging on
corners from which you can
see your reflection and those of
other people.
 LENSES
• Like the mirror, the lens is usually made of glass.
• The only thing that makes it different is that the lens
can also be made of other transparent materials like
plastics that allow light to pass through, instead of
bouncing the light rays off.
• Lenses come also in two types, namely: convex
(converging) and concave (diverging) lenses.
Uses of Lenses :Optical
instruments
CAMERA: THE BASICS OF PHOTOGRAPHY

• The most important aspect of photography is

• No light is allowed into the camera, except for when the button is pushed.
• The and the are the two parts of the camera that
regulate the light that enters the camera.
❑ The shutter is located in the camera box. It regulates the amount of light
by allowing it to pass through for a certain amount of time.
❑ The aperture is located in the lens compartment. Its purpose is to control
the amount of light that reaches the film.
❖ If either of these two parts doesn’t work properly, the picture will come out
looking as it should be.
• DSLR camera uses convex lenses
where light rays pass through.
• These light rays are directed
towards the slanted mirror located
near the shutter, and then reflected
from a translucent screen projected
to another mirror until it reaches
the viewer’s eye.
• The image formed by the passing
of light rays, from the object
through the lens directing to the
film of the camera, is affected by
the angle of the light entry.
• The closer the lens to the object, the
farther the beams coverage.
• The farther the object from the
lens, the shorter the distance the
light beams converge.
 TELESCOPES
REFRACTOR

• Objective lens – it is the first lens that light

from a celestial object passes through. The
light will then be inverted at the focal plane.
• Eyepiece lens – the second lens located
behind the focal plane which allows the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSC-71vXgh0
observer to view the enlarged/ magnified
image
 TELESCOPES
REFLECTOR

• These are used not only to examine the visible

region of the electromagnetic spectrum but also to
explore both the shorter- and longer-wavelength
regions adjacent to it (i.e., the ultraviolet and the
infrared).
• The name of this type of instrument is derived from
the fact that the primary mirror reflects the light
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8wrp34-IXA back to a focus instead of refracting it.
 TELESCOPES
CATADIOPTRIC • A catadioptric telescope is an optical system that
is optimized for producing images of objects at an
infinite distance, and which incorporates both
refractive type optics (lenses) and reflective optics
(mirrors).
• The use of both mirror and lens optics produces
certain advantages in performance as well as in
the manufacturing process.

• The term "catadioptric" results from two separate

words: "catoptric" referring to an optical system
which uses curved mirrors, and "dioptric"
referring to one which uses lenses.
 BINOCULARS
• optical instrument, usually handheld, for providing a
magnified stereoscopic view of distant objects. It consists of
two similar telescopes, one for each eye, mounted on a single
frame.
 COMPOUND MICROSCOPES
• is a microscope that uses multiple lenses (convex lenses) to enlarge the image of a
sample.
• Typically, a compound microscope is used for viewing samples at high
magnification (40 - 1000x), which is achieved by the combined effect of two sets of
lenses: the ocular lens (in the eyepiece) and the objective lenses (close to the sample).

The vast majority of microscopes have the same 'structural'

components:
1.Ocular (eyepiece) lens
2.Objective turret or Revolver (to hold multiple objective lenses)
3.Objective
4.Focus wheel to move the stage
5.Frame
6.Light source, a light or mirror
7.Diaphragm or condenser lens
8.Stage (to hold the sample)
9.Base
10.Phototube (for attaching a camera)
NEARSIGHTEDNESS (MYOPIA)

• is a common vision condition

in which near objects appear
clear, but objects farther away
look blurry.
FARSIGHTEDNESS (HYPEROPIA)

• is a visual condition in
which distant objects are
easier to see than near
objects.
 REFERENCES
• https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/847591592351225928/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SN00C3h9A2w
• https://www.britannica.com/science/optical-telescope
• https://www2.mrc-
lmb.cam.ac.uk/microscopes4schools/microscopes1.php#:~:text=Typically%2C%20a%20c
ompound%20microscope%20is,(close%20to%20the%20sample).
• https://www.solarsquare.in/blog/solar-furnace-uses/
• https://school.careers360.com/physics/uses-of-concave-mirror-topic-
pge#:~:text=Answer%3A,in%20the%20torches%20and%20headlights.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YcedXDN6a88