Motion Based Message Conveyor for Paralytic people

Abstract
We all know that the paralysis is a loss of muscle function in the body parts. It can affect
any part of the body at any time, probably one may won’t feel any pain in the affected area. As the
paralytic people are unable to press the button or ring a bell to call the attendant when they need
help. To overcome this issue, we are implementing a reliable system which will help to establish
a communication between patient and attendant. This helps paralytic people to convey messages
for the attendant by using simple gestures. Our goal is to develop a device which should be easy
to use and should be affordable. The proposed system works by reading the tilt direction of patient
body part. This device needs to be mounted on patient finger of hand. The patient needs to move
the device in a particular angle to convey a message. Moving the device in various way, passes on
various messages. An Accelerometer is used to measure the statistics of the motion. The patient
motion recorder device consists of an RF transmitter to transfer the data signal. On the receiver
side there will be an RF receiver which receives the data then decodes it and passes it to the
microcontroller for processing the input. Microcontroller process the data and displays the
particular message on the LCD screen. It also sounds a buzzer along with the message.

Keywords: Accelerometer, Arduino UNO, RF Transmitter, RF Receiver, Buzzer

Introduction
In today’s world, physically paralytic people are depending on others peoples, because they
are not capable of body movements as compared to normal persons. So, in such situations, we
propose a system is to implement a low-cost reliable system that will help to establish
communication between paralytic patients and family caretakers. According to a search, we found
the statistics of the paralytic population in our country is very high. So, we came to know that the
count of physically paralytic people is increasing day by day. Across hospitals and NGOs serving
paralytic people and also, they need a caretaker always along with them to do activities.

The main aim of this project is to build an efficient, reliable and cost-effective system which
helps in better communication of paralytic patient and the doctor or nurse by solving the various
issues faced by the nurses and doctors in traditionally communicating with the paralytic people.
Literature Review
Aishwarya Desai et.al. [1] has proposed a Real Time Health Monitoring System using
Arduino. This method is to implement a prototype model for the real time patient monitoring
system. The proposed system is divided into 2 half they are Message Conveying and Medicine
Reminder. This system consists of Accelerometer, Controller board, Push button for emergency,
Clock with medicine reminder and LCD display. In this paper, the author described that the system
will provide a many to one communication. This device has made conveyance of message possible
only by the motion of a body part. The ease of message conveyance is the main advantage of this
system along with the real time user defined medicine alarm.

Mahaveer Penna et.al. [2] has proposed a have proposed a technique of Hand gesture-
controlled message conveyor for physically disabled people. This paper is intended to build a
system with different devices which will help in conveying messages from the paralytic or disabled
people. The system comprises accelerometer sensor, Arduino, raspberry pi, Bluetooth module, pi
camera and relays. The author in this system described that by tilting the sensor placed on the hand
of disabled person he/she can control devices. This prototype helps the disabled person to convey
an alert message and also to move around independently making him/her self- dependent.

Rafiqul Zaman Khan et.al. [3] discussed the hand gesture recognition process and how
effectively it interacts with the machine. The essential aim of building this hand gesture recognition
system is to create a natural interaction between human and computer where the recognized
gestures can be used for controlling a robot or conveying meaningful information. In this paper,
the author discussed various methods for gesture recognition, these methods include from Neural
Network, HMM, fuzzy cmeans clustering, besides using orientation histogram for features
representation. Gesture recognition system is mainly classified into three steps. These steps are:
Extraction Method, feature and extraction, and classification or recognition. In this paper, the
author also included the various applications of Hand gesture recognition systems which have been
applied on different domains, as mentioned sign language translation, virtual environments, smart
surveillance, robot control, medical systems etc.

Dhanya S et.al. [4] have proposed a technique as a communication aid for paralyzed people
which uses the eye gaze method. The proposed system uses a communication board which displays
the four frequent needs of the paralyzed patient at its top (in need of doctor), bottom (meet family),
right (change patients’ position) and left (in pain). The four basic needs and high-performance face
recognition are employed in this system. This system consists of a web camera which is mounted
right in front of the user to capture pictures of the user’s face and alert signal is given by the buzzer.
The patient must be able to focus and fix his/her gaze up, down, straight, left and right. By gazing
at the needs displayed on the communication board, he can illuminate it and convey the needs to
caretakers. The display unit will receive the transmitted data and is send to the microcontroller
unit. The microcontroller will fetch the received data and then check for display section to be
illuminated and activates the buzzer.
Proposed Work
This project proposes motion-based message conveying system for paralytic people which
will pass the messages to the caretaker by motion of hand of the patient in different directions. The
proposed system consists of two modules, the transmitter module and the receiver module. The
transmitter module is placed on the patient’s hand and the receiver module is kept with the care
taker. The transmitter module consists of the accelerometer, microcontroller unit and RF module.
The receiver module consists of an RF module, a microcontroller, an LCD display and a buzzer.
Whenever patient needs any help he tilts the accelerometer in different directions. This acts as an
input to the accelerometer which is connected to the controller board that acts as a processing unit.
The microcontroller processes the data and displays the particular message on the LCD screen as
per input obtained. It also sounds a buzzer along with the message. In addition to that the message
is also sent to the registered mobile of the caretaker through a GSM modem.

Hardware and Software Requirements

The hardware components required are:

• Arduino UNO Microcontroller
• ADXL335 Accelerometer
• RF Module
• Buzzer
• LCD Display
• Cables and Connectors
• Mobile
• Power Supply
• GSM Modem

ADXL335 Accelerometer:
An accelerometer is an electromechanical device that will measure acceleration force. The
ADXL335 gives complete 3-axis acceleration measurement. This module measures acceleration
within range ±3 g in the x, y and z axis. The output signals of this module are analog voltages that
are proportional to the acceleration.
Arduino UNO Microcontroller:
Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P (datasheet). It has 14
digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz
ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and
a reset button.
RF Module:
An RF module is a small electronic device that is used for wireless communication. RF
stands for "radio frequency," and an RF module typically includes a transmitter and a receiver that
use radio waves to transmit and receive data or signals wirelessly. RF modules operate on different
frequency bands, and the frequency range used depends on the application. RF modules are used
in a wide range of applications, such as remote controls, wireless alarms, telemetry systems,
wireless sensor networks, and other applications that require wireless communication.

LCD Display:
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is a type of flat panel display which uses liquid crystals in
its primary form of operation. LCDs consume much less power than LED and gas-displays because
they work on the principle of blocking light rather than emitting it.
Buzzer:
An audio signaling device like a beeper or buzzer may be electromechanical or
piezoelectric or mechanical type. The main function of this is to convert the signal from audio to
sound. Generally, it is powered through DC voltage and used in timers, alarm devices, printers,
alarms, computers, etc., Based on the various designs, it can generate different sounds like alarm,
music, bell & siren.

GSM Modem:

A GSM Modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates
over a subscription to a mobile operator just like a mobile phone. From the mobile operator
perspective, a GSM modem just looks like a mobile phone. When a GSM modem is connected to
a computer, this allows the computer to use the GSM modem to communicate over the mobile
network.
The software requirements are:

• Arduino UNO IDE

• Embedded C Language

References

[1]. Aishwarya Desai, Nishigandha Pawar, Kshitija Desai, Noopur Behrani “motion based message
conveyor for paralytic/disabled” , International Journal of Innovative research in Computer and
Communication Engineering, Volume 4,Issue 3, March 2016.

[2]. Mahaveer Penna, Shivashankar, Sudha Y, “Hand Gesture Controlled Message Conveyer and
Controlling Devices For Physically Disabled” , RTEICT, 2018.

[3]. Rafiqul Zaman Khan and Noor Adnan, Ibraheem, “Hand Gesture Recognition: a literature
review”, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA), Vol.3, No.4, July
2012.

[4]. Dhanya.S, Ashma Vincent, Mariya Ginu Varghese, Jerina Jose, Minu Asokam,
“communication aid for paralyzed” , Muhoot Institute of Technology and Science, Vol3, Issue-2,
2017.