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  • IPv4 Basics

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    Common network protocols and ports are assigned for specific purposes. HTTP uses port 80 for general web browsing while HTTPS uses port 443 for secure web browsing. FTP uses ports 20 and 21 for file transfers. Well-known ports from 1-1024 are pre-assigned to protocols like HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. IP addresses are divided into classes A, B, and C with different network and host number limits. Private IP ranges are 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16.

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    Common network protocols and ports are assigned for specific purposes. HTTP uses port 80 for general web browsing while HTTPS uses port 443 for secure web browsing. FTP uses ports 20 and 21 for file transfers. Well-known ports from 1-1024 are pre-assigned to protocols like HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. IP addresses are divided into classes A, B, and C with different network and host number limits. Private IP ranges are 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16.

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    6 views1 page

    IPv4 Basics

    Uploaded by

    Tim
    Common network protocols and ports are assigned for specific purposes. HTTP uses port 80 for general web browsing while HTTPS uses port 443 for secure web browsing. FTP uses ports 20 and 21 for file transfers. Well-known ports from 1-1024 are pre-assigned to protocols like HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. IP addresses are divided into classes A, B, and C with different network and host number limits. Private IP ranges are 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16.

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    Common Protocols and Ports

    Protocol TCP Port UDP Port Purpose


    HTTP (Hypertext Transfer 80 General web browsing
    Protocol)
    HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer 443 Secure web browsing via Secure Sockets
    Protocol SSL) Layer (SSL)
    FTP (File Transfer Protocol) 20, 21 File transfer
    POP (Post Office Protocol) 110 Internet email receive
    (Usually POP3)
    SMTP (Simple Mail 25 Send mail
    Transfer Protocol)
    Telnet 23 Remote administration via command line
    SNMP (Simple Network 162 (Trap) 161 Monitor network devices
    Monitoring Protocol)
    IMAP 143 143
    DNS 53 53 UDP for name resolution requests, TCP for
    zone transfers
    “Well-known” ports are numbered 1-1024 and are assigned to specific applications.

    IP Address Classes

    Address Class Network ID Default SN Mask # Networks # Hosts


    Class A 1-126.0.0.0 (0) 255.0.0.0 126 16,777,214
    Class B 128-191.0.0.0 (10) 255.255.0.0 16,384 65,534
    Class C 192-223.0.0.0 (110) 255.255.255.0 2,097,152 254

    Class A Loopback Address: 127.0.0.1

    Private IP Addresses

    Class A 10.0.0.1 – 10.255.255.254


    Class B 172.16.0.1 – 172.31.255.254
    Class C 192.168.0.1 – 192.168.255.254

    Automatic Private IP Address (APIPA)


    Class B 169.254.0.0/16

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