ISSN 2319-8885

Vol.05,Issue.50
December-2016,
Pages:10335-10340
www.ijsetr.com

Design of Water Level Alert System and Quality Measurement of Water

Using GSM/Wi-Fi
KADARI RAMUDU1, B. SUNEETHA2
1
PG Scholar, Dept of ECE, Priyadarshini Institute of Technology, Tirupati, AP, India, E-mail: ramudu038@gamil.com.
2
Asst Prof, Dept of ECE, Priyadarshini Institute of Technology, Tirupati, AP, India, E-mail: suneetha.ece@gamil.com.

Abstract: In order to cope with disaster situations properly, it is very important to identify the disaster scale and provide the
accurate information of the site to the appropriate authorities including disaster site and Central Disaster Management Center,
on-site command post, etc. and share the information provided. In particular, sharing information on disaster situations should
control the disaster quickly to prevent the disaster situation from lasting and expanding. However, in the event of a large-scale
disaster, delay is caused in the existing commercial network and therefore, the disaster situation cannot be communicated
quickly and accurately. In order to determine the situation exactly in the event of a disaster, safety and connectivity of the
network and flow of data are very important. Another scenario is Water pollution is one of the biggest fears for the green
globalization. To prevent the water pollution, first we have to estimate the water parameters like pH, turbidity, conductivity etc,
as the variations in the values of these parameters point towards the presence of pollutants. At present, water parameters are
detected by chemical test or laboratory test, where the testing equipments are stationary and samples are provided to testing
equipments. Thus the current water quality monitoring system is a manual system with tedious process and is very time
consuming. In the proposed system, we present a sensor to measure water level in rivers, lakes, lagoons and streams. For such
purpose and to prove our concept, we designed a pilot project through a micro-model that is constructed with a water level
measurement sensor based on a simple open circuit that closes when in contact with water and experimentally tested into a water
container under a controlled environment. When the water level rises and reaches the resistors, varies the impedance, this shows
the actual water level and so on for different heights. The information from water level sensor is transmitted via WiFi to a laptop,
and then this information is also seen in smart phones, where users can see the water level in rivers.

Keywords: Continuous Monitoring; GSM Modem; Real Time; Sensors; WSN.

I. INTRODUCTION
Recently, various natural disasters and artificial disasters
are increasing suddenly due to rapid population growth,
expansion of city, abnormal climate caused by natural
destruction around the world and hence, the damage scale is
also expanding. There exist several types of natural disasters;
it is known that flood is one of the most dangerous since they
have enough destructive power to change the course of
rivers, sweep away and destroy whatever is in their path. Our
motivation for this work is based on all damages caused in
our region due to floods; this natural disaster has caused
many people to suffer damage to their homes and losing their
belongings. Accurate prediction and rapid response are
required to minimize disaster damage and systematic disaster
management technologies and disaster prevention
information system that quickly spread disaster situations,
national action tips through media such as TV, Radio, Smart
Phone, DMB, Navigation, GPS etc. in the event of a disaster
and support rescue, damage restoration need to be built. In
the prevention step, disaster situations sensing and prediction
using CCTV and sensors are carried out and education and
training for preparation are performed.
In the response step, responses to damage situations
identified in the event of a disaster are performed through
communications mainly around multi contents such as audio
and video etc. The fact that the data collection of levels of
water bodies is executed by a person and it carries dangers
and delays in the dissemination of information. One of these
risks is endangering the person who comes to take action, as
torrential rains access to the measuring points are extremely
complicated, and in cases of possible flooding these delays
are crucial to salvaging belongings and especially the lives of
people living in areas at risk. Because of the expensive cost
of gauges to measure water level and the importance of
developing warning systems for measuring levels in rivers
that contribute to safeguard lives of citizens who inhabit
regions in danger of flooding, we present a water level
sensor based on water conductivity. In this paper chapterII
refers the related work and chapter III shows the proposed
system and chapter IV deals the results, chapter V shows the
conclusion of the paper.

Copyright @ 2016 IJSETR. All rights reserved.

 KADARI RAMUDU, B. SUNEETHA
II. RELATED WORK Current emergency management and disaster recovery
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a novel paradigm that is systems usually involve several parts such as a
rapidly gaining ground in the scenario of modern wireless communication infrastructure and an information
telecommunications. The basic idea of this concept is the management system. Forecasting flash flood by the
pervasive presence around us of variety of things or objects- overflowing of rivers is able to process, analyze (by means
such as Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, sensors, of rain gauge and stream gauge) and remotely sensed data to
actuators, mobile phones etc.-which through unique detect the occurrence of a flood. This system is the ideal
addressing schemes, are able to interact with each other and solution, but it is expensive.
cooperate with their neighbours to reach common goals. IoT
represents the next evolution of the Internet, taking a huge A. Water Level Meters
ability to gather, analyze and distribute data that we can turn Various measurement systems are used to measure the
into information known and ultimately, wisdom in this water level. These can find directly measuring the height of
context. Already IoT projects are under way that promise to the liquid by drawing up to reference line, other measuring
close gap between poor and rich , improve distribution of hydrostatic pressure, some more which are based on a float
worlds resources to those who need them the most and help system whose displacement caused by the same liquid is
us understand our planet so we can be more proactive and quantified or also those that exploit the electrical properties
less reactive. Hence, it is possible to use the concept of IoT of a liquid.
to provide communication capabilities to a device that could
alert opportunely to a population before a natural disaster Limnimeter Rule Meter: Rule for graduating that is set in a
occurs. A sensor node consists of four basic components: a river and used to read the fluctuations of the water levels.
sensing unit, a processing unit, a power unit, and a (See Fig 1).
transceiver unit. Additional components such as power
generator, global positioning system, and location-finding
unit can also be attached depending on the application. The
processing unit, temperature equipped with small memory,
manages the work of other components; it is responsible for
information communication, and also supervises eventual
collaboration of the node with other nodes in accomplishing
assigned sensing tasks. So it is important for our routing
algorithm to have small computation time, and small
memory requirements. The transceiver unit connects the
node to the network.

Communication systems are essential in the coordination

and planning of emergency and disaster relief operations.
Unfortunately existing systems Often provide minimal
communication infrastructure for supplying information Fig.1.Limmemeter rule.
about the nature or extend of an emergency or disaster. Once
disaster happened, communication network and information Liquid Level Meter: This device measures directly the
system are seriously damaged and communication means for height of liquid taking into account a reference of level
residents cannot be used in the disaster area. Therefore, it is measurement of a container. (See Fig. 2).
required to prepare emergency network system which can be
quickly reconstructed to recover from the network failure
and used to confirm resident’s safety and damaged area
information. a ballooned wireless adhoc network is proposed
to promptly insure communication means to grasp the
information with disaster area, resident’s safety and relief
goods on the occurrence of disaster. By combining multiple
ballooned wireless network nodes, a large adhoc network is
organized in the sky on the disaster area and can cover
shelters or interrupted communication area as urgent
communication means. This system uses remote sensors to
transmit environmental data to a computer system. Various
kind of sensors deployed in the ALERT system is rainfall,
water level, and weather sensors. These sensors supply
information to the centralized database system. This system
has enabled a more convenient early warning system and
provides a system able to learn about the phenomena of
natural disasters. Fig. 2. Liquit meter (Manometer).
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.05, IssueNo.50, December-2016, Pages: 10335-10340
 Design of Water Level Alert System and Quality Measurement of Water Using GSM/Wi-Fi
Sounding Line Meter: It is a rod or ruler which is inserted
into a reservoir, the water level is determined directly by
measuring the length that is wetted by the liquid. (See Fig 3). installed on smart phones. When carrying out this water level
Fig.3. Sounding line meter.
Mechanical Float Meter: It consists of a float located in the
tank connected to the outside showing the liquid level with
graduated scale. The connection can be direct, magnetic or
hydraulic. (See Fig. 4).
Fig. 4. Float meter.
B. Water Level Measurement Sensors
Right now exists sophisticated early warning systems
capable of providing some protection from floods. These
systems can be from heavy rain event detection via satellite
sensors, rainfall gauge networks, radar networks, or some
combination of the three, until atmospheric fine-scale
models, to forecast the risk of flooding in rivers or water
bodies a short time in the future. A prototype model was
designed to test the performance of water level measurement
system. The prototype provides the functions of flood alarm
system and water quality tester. In prototype, water level
meter is connected to an audible alarm device in 24 hour
operation. When the water level reaches the level marked a
speaker alert (Siren) is triggered. The prototype also sends
information about water level from the container to a web
server and smart phones as well. There are different models
and types of water level meters, including sensors based on
different technologies. At this time, we design a solution
based on a simple open circuit that closes when in contact
with water that takes advantages of existing sensors, so we
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.05, IssueNo.50, December-2016, Pages: 10335-10340
think that an implementation of water level system can send
alert signals toward a web server or a software application
system, we took into account the physical properties of
water, hence, take to determine the levels of liquids. Water
has the ability to conduct or transmit heat, electricity or
sound. We believe that the conductivity feature of the water
could be a simple and economical solution for measuring
water level, based on this idea, our work focused on studying
changes in impedance or resistance of some devices when
they are covered by water.
C. Water Level Design
This micro-model consists of a water container, an
electronic circuit, a Arduino board, an Access Point, a
laptop, and a smart phone. It is convenient to use an
automatic level measurement and wireless data transmission,
connect the device to a server.
D. Equipment and Materials
In order to design the prototype the following materials
and equipment were used. All parts and elements are shown
in Fig. 7.
1. Access Point D-LINK Dir-600.-To wireless
communication.
2. LED colors - three colors (color code):
 Green: Moderate Alert
 Yellow: Caution Alert
 Red: Maximum Alert
3. Water Container It enables to emulate a controlled
environment.
4. Arduino Uno board is an electronic platform to create our
prototype since it calculates measurement and stores
readings of levels.
 Speed: 168 MHz, Cortex-M4
 Code Storage: 384 KB
 RAM: 100 + KB
5. 9 resistors (10 ohms).- To cable data input to Arduino Uno
6. Micro USB cable (1 m).- To connect the data transmission
from the Arduino Uno board to the Web.
7. Copper wires For cabling all circuit and connecting to the
Arduino Uno board.
8. Water (5 liters) To fill the container.
9. Speaker Alert (Siren).- To emit a loud sound when water
is rising the red level.
10. 1 Laptop A computer to execute and interact with
Arduino Uno.
11. Embedded C Programming Language for running the
water level system.
 KADARI RAMUDU, B. SUNEETHA
12. Smart phone To receive advices when the water level is was displayed, same happens in the Smartphone, a
changing. yellow message was displayed on a screen. (See Fig.
11).
E. Architectural Design  Finally, we continued filling the container with water
All parts are integrated and put it all together, in this that was in the yellow state level, the water reaches the
Figure is shown the architectural design, it has three open third and final level (red wire). (See Fig. 9c.).
electric circuits, the terminals or ends (green, yellow and red  PC application immediately sounded the siren and green
wires) of these circuits are placed inside the water container, warning message was displayed on the monitor, while in
these terminals are connected into three pins of the Arduino the smart phone was displayed the same red alert
board, these circuits go through a breadboard where message, indicating that the population should evacuate.
connections are organized. Terminals are located in different (See Fig. 12).
heights allowing water to determine three levels, it is  The prototype worked in reverse order when the water
assigned a color to each level to identify more clearly, where was removed from the top level, the application changed
the LED in green color is the lowest level, yellow LED is automatically to yellowalert and green alert respectively.
intermediate and red LED is the highest one. The brown wire
is the neutral pole of the circuit and this pole is permanently In this way prototype was tested once slowly being filled
in the bottom of the container when the electrical energy with water the container; if the water level rises, warning
flows through the circuit, then it remains open until the water messages are sent to both the laptop and the smart phone as
level reaches the first terminal indicated by the green color. shown in Fig.5.
The liquid serves as a conductor of electricity but with a
resistance value so that a short circuit is not present. If there
is a change in circuit current, the breadboard has a LED color
connected to this circuit, then it has reached the first level
(green), and so on. At the same time, the circuit also triggers
the speaker alert. Measurement and interpretation of obtained
values during sensing. The water level is measured by means
three phases or layers, That is, green alert, yellow alert, and
red alert.
 A device emits a signal to the respective sensor to
measure the water level.
 The value obtained from the sensor becomes in alert
levels.
 In case of failure to comply with the higher criterion
than one (> 1), return to step 1.
 Using a dynamic IP address AP with mobile devices
where readings transmitted data is connected.
 A measurement in degrees is added, together the date
and time when transmitting a signal to the sensor.
 It is stored into the memory card. Fig .5. Water Level Module.

E. Testiing And Implementation III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

Testing prototype: As mentioned, a water container with The most important thing immediately before, during
three wires inside and a neutral pole were placed within a and after a disaster occurs is the dissemination of
container, that was filled with water in three stages and while information, a deployment of devices enabled by IoT
the container was filling, the prototype was sending warning (Internet of Things) could bring benefits in terms of giving to
messages to smart phones. How we tested the prototype people information opportunely for making decisions in face
proposed is described in detail as follows: of this disaster. In this proposed system, a sensor is used to
 The container (empty and dry) was filled with water up measure water level in rivers, lakes, lagoons and streams. For
to the level of the first wire (green terminal). (See such purpose, proposed system is a pilot project through a
Fig.9a.). micro-model that is constructed with a water level
 Immediately the computer program installed on the measurement sensor based on a simple open circuit that
laptop triggered an audible signal and a message of closes when in contact with water and tested into a water
green alert was displayed, at the same time in the container under a controlled environment. This micro-model
Smartphone is shown the same alert message. (See Fig. is performed on the basis of a programmable electronic
10). board (Arduino Uno). When the water level rises and reaches
 We continued pouring water into the container up to the the resistors, varies the impedance, this shows the actual
level of the second wire (yellow terminal).(See Fig. 9b.). water level and so on for different heights. The information
 Similar to the previous case, the application on the from water level sensor is transmitted via WiFi to a laptop,
Laptop triggered an audible signal and a yellow message and then this information is also seen in smart phones, where
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.05, IssueNo.50, December-2016, Pages: 10335-10340
 Design of Water Level Alert System and Quality Measurement of Water Using GSM/Wi-Fi
users can see the water level in rivers. This proposed system
consists of data monitoring nodes, a base station and a
remote station. All these stations are connected using
wireless communication link using IoT. The data from nodes
is send to the base station consisting of Arduino controller
designed for special compact space application. Data
collected by the base station such as pH, turbidity,
conductivity, etc is sent to the remote monitoring station.
Data collected at the remote site can be displayed in visual
format on a server PC with the help of APPLICATION
SOFTWARE and is also compared with standard values. If
the obtained value is above the threshold value automated
warning SMS alert will be sent to the agent.

IV. RESULTS

Fig.8.first stage of water floods indication.

That light Indicates floods Low level of the Water as

shown in Fig.8.

Fig. 6. Water Level Quality Measurements.

To connect the input voltage at 5v DC Supply and also

connect with Wi-Fi and Hotspot Device. To start the project
as shown in Fig.6.
Fig.9.Second stage of water floods indication.

That light Indicates floods Medial level of the Water as

shown in Fig.9.

Fig.7. indication of pure water level.

After we measured pure Water pH value by using pH Fig.10. Final stage of water floods indication and with
measurement, that pure Water pH values shows in this Fig.7. graph.

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research

Volume.05, IssueNo.50, December-2016, Pages: 10335-10340
 KADARI RAMUDU, B. SUNEETHA
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Given these facts, if it is known the time when rising the
water level up to the threshold while the water level passes
each level mark, it is possible to know exactly these
calculations in a real scenario like a river. Hence, people can
be opportunely informed when rising river levels, so
inhabitants can make a decision and start preparing to
evacuate their homes if necessary.

VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in
American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments.
Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to
thank ....” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ....” Sponsor
and financial support acknowledgments are placed in the
unnumbered footnote on the first page.

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research

Volume.05, IssueNo.50, December-2016, Pages: 10335-10340