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CE 315

Design of Concrete Structures-I

(For 01 Credit/03 Credit)

Dr. Md. Mahmudur Rahman

Professor, Dept. of CE
Building Code Requirements for
Structural Concrete (ACI318-XX)
and Commentary (ACI318R-XX)
ACI 318

Early 1900s: WSD was mainly used.


ACI 318-56: USD was first introduced.
ACI 318-63: Treated WSD and USD on equal basis.
ACI 318-71: Based entirely on strength approach (USD)
WSD was small part called Alternate Design Method (ADM).
ACI 318-77: ADM moved to Appendix A
USD was called Ultimate Strength Design Method.

Working Stress Design : WSD

 ACI: Alternate Design Method


- Design under service load condition
 Apply F.S. to strength of materials for allowable stress level Fa.

 Stress from service load < Allowable Stress

Disadvantages of WSD

 Not account for the variability of the resistances and loads.


 Lack of any knowledge of the level of safty
 F.S. is not known explicitly
 Inability to deal with groups of loads where oneload increases at a rate
different from that of the others.

Page 2 of 20
Ultimate Strength Design: USD)

 Factored load condition = Structure is about to fail


 Design Strength > Required Strength (U)
 -Apply F.S. in design via: Load factors (> 1.0) and Strength reduction
factors (< 1.0)

Features of USD

 Nominal Strength (N) = Strength of a member calculated using Strength


Design Method.
 Variations in material strengths and dimensions are considered
 Inaccuracies in the design equations are considered
 Degree of ductility and required reliability of member are considered
 Importance of member in the structure are considered
 Nonlinearity in stress distribution is considered.
 Members are proportioned so that the full strength of the member is just
utilized when the ultimate load is applied.

Page 3 of 20
Load Transfer in Structure

Snow, Rain, Wind


and Construction load Floor loads

Roof + Dead load Slab + Dead load Wall load

Beam + Dead load

Wind load Column + Dead load

Earthquake Soil Foundation

Page 4 of 20
C*APrFR 1

FLEXVEAL ATV ftLYSI9 *^ID D€EIaII OF BrAtnS

Efgy1)* J:_t_. Fov t|.e ^re..[o"N"",


cpnrve]u bearn
ffi" s&esses ^eiusnA 4 o^-bai'7
#,';.* 74 i7 o:+l ,G"! Y'3-.'fl, = t+rs ts,

;.= 7'6xlo6rsi
25"

.spL&u:n ., M o4,Jo" -i,T:r=V.'


j# j*u3 Q5n9
=
''oL
Araocof hee), As : j*'t5 =2'?7 fr
Aq=lofrS T ZSo/-12.5@: l3.lsi",
0 .t rnrx-
l),-N.A
)u-
t= g

T,{
.

cNerrtra"\ A*'9
Axig eyir-'T ashc' Ltrl -
$*riiat >t3.id
Hlsid oy'l
*_ _@. '9 l l,zz .R? 2i:':',il" "-l
;N;
y = tow'-+zsox@nr-:?.3-, _(&,?id$it's s
*,'{o zye7- B.s)- (fcrtor''
O"fr:- i+**tr*:?,
- t4|5o rn-t :;;;g.t; 4+7s57
-'. Slee) *est. f, --An\rcWt^s oL
Page 5 of 20 = r;91ff, 6'- )
Morne,r'+ aci lv
CNSD ,n&I^od ) ', Jn *{1'ts c'34,
ffiu se"hon is congi dav eA eYO:JKQA bU+ elasf,c_ in
YTry.a-. Stra, n and Avess drg+t; brrh on shot,.-)rr is
bdouD
e
C^^WeSsitl ,1
tr'r-* '=L4-Kbd
fffi* "ftTr
+WWA,,}-rcd
ffiA=''ad
LTLd=d- -< 3

$T:As4sf,
Aprryh
sarJion
th*, diry aft^ *nssdiaTl
flVaYT

BaseA 6Yv IFe skust d-.a7'An^, WL AaYL d{i l<--


\ = Ar/,, 6nd L= bf- Kdb
N, Larciry-Ynone:* ab,bu+ 1fr- Lou,p*ion
ol
No
(, bL grlo,M ='Asfrid + 17
Crpacit; basQA'on
*;d
,r&ton +
A€ql A, LaKi^7 rnomz}l o$ o*.t fru
loc-r

C , wQ- go+,1V\= C. \ e J
.i{," bas oA oh
Dd ^FCaYa'if
= t-t.rcs nI6-.
CXEIq
C-oN

Mom zY\+ qfaci ly is lorKe:t e9 fru sr^aLf eY


a4 th. dro\te- f,,,-ro' \ta,l t)Q-9 .

Page 6 of 20
)elarminalion o4 K ond I vaJ,ras ". L{t eansidq
tin [;7 abwe.\ ,lawiy\2 yn6manl o[ IFe- qYe^-
v
o,bov,J" N.A .,NL gU
-
e ^')# -n.PbL'e('r1
l,o:f,: iP-:"
=o | *ryn, stno) n*o
1*"vt
> l^3, * - lf":&>nevl
lP
+ t+znPt< a-znP=o la orZ Pbd
+ K= -?Pt4 MznP
z
)K =@P -nP
qlgo,\\ is seor\ YY fr' #gu'u'
)*= a -"$
) ) - t- Vs
Notar, tow Desi *w W \AJg) : K i9 exytTseA irv
t.t'n 9 alla tnt t, *d ft '

"t g\rain
Frrorn Ifrg- aborle2 u)Q- @w
W?* d-i

ruyile, 2. fd
d-Kd
I--{-:
t5-
' Ec +-:T{
K
>+- *s .. 0,

? T: l-,^5 lryI-(=L
+
? Kf :- n- nK v"-Ao)
I C*usf
t\
'\t ir: n
; KO+r):h
tt/
n
rt- -/
a Kffi^ Page 7 of 20
,BoJanezd
gled ^rah'o,fr: For thir slee) ^roh o,
con crdz anJ slee,l v each *iru^r CloL\) oMl<---
3+y oeS.zS Sirnulbnayg\ Bas ed on Ihn* absvc---
iA -1ua*r'-5'-e arr.l + wQ- ge)
r.

+ U5[^': estt ff:, h41l:,"-{ "-'rd'{ro^,


--?,r^41 l1r*,:,;:# hep
;i'i.brcd
+ Pv= #-r=+ q,"4ol aiso b<--
-: P n
:Tft6) *-1his can
-t tb usnd jx detnw'

, 14, ^^&"J stee-l rai'o


of s+ed ii'('
p <;W"
'
o,cevrg
ryffi; J'e-s; anJ s
fa^l'uv"
\
rhis ir'*Jtnl unJarvei nlakr,l nw
';;|;:6A;JJ' G','il,t] ec st'uJuY a rt is a'-
gt^ch o"
qtad uol +^ iut.J i++',i uil.,,oavningc dv ^
a-f*^d
liSl*hon s
*h q, 61. exo'c3..' excegg\tt"
a[1<,'ru Ft ru

un degi vaJ{Le
c^^t Ldo.rnivrB'

Page 8 of 20
P"o"uaV Aalky:4,%y, If run{ovctrytu4
.U
is qrorii aa Wtl, *Itu te.rgion {e.ruand cornFresiort
ja"u,Ih- beam is lel.me.A as 'Ddl/,l4 Ra-rnJorcei
georn',A-'
.
"#ir,*+V, .
d,ny+l *ilubeo'vn is li^i+"4 duafo
^

;?#i /r;[ Jv benms rn?Z


\e^tons.rn-al'es,__1tui*'
;*i r"i"Fr rd
"W1"', te1;''tYed

ftIiot,.> fule- :

cLf&t
Kd
N.A ^;{,'
.
d -d'

hq(, AtzJ,
S'l-ta{rn stress dr'aq^r aY ^ StYuJ,4i Waw
UaX>avr Cavt t)o (Wtr)"
Ivr this xe's\tIirq vn6ment,M is
cs.9Q-,l-ota,t'
dlvidea inf o tr^lo yaT ls'M, 9# Mz' Then,,
ane Ag=Ae1 +Asz-
M=MrtMz
ruhorz. fA. -_ Mom.arr\ dave.loged
esnexele-and Tavha)'
?t^*Yostivz
fts L'u'' A"
:t+'K) be-
,o, An =;\ and Asz= A'-Ast
ts)d .on 91eel
deve\ot ed bV' crrvtVtz*Sr
L- llr,omenf
ly'l, -
Aimd ksz .^,, .\ ,.r.r-r is
=Ar],Lr",d-i)-o'
nifi G-a') yffi;;ev
Page 9 of 20
Ftott^Sttan diaqraw , be- eay ux\l<_-
Q., d- KJ_ ,- €rt,
2E;Fa-: TA? d - rd
t / =-Q=1-
KA- A'r
: s
+ t, -;,.srt
M lJ A=
l*owevev. AcI oAe-- vecomrn'nJs lt"n 4''
taKel^r 4r;r ce-*fi,,s-l"]yt, b# not gteof,zv
1Js
f,':z+r#ft
=4rffi
Reason R'v-
: Con*u,\
T eSSt\'Q- toaJ,,

try!;l ''/' ol-ilffi


so^8 gavl ##
Le4{r-x .,f >rcE-r il' ' "-otl,
,7;
hM ?r;,*
Yv\
*try:"f of,1fr-'<_

?-' *t4,bqep,rno-t
higfu lhan
a.l,ral g+tugr' in
itr;'r t,t") bS dasli.=fi*l

Page 10 of 20
Examde Sg,rne- a.s QxanplL l.l but bendty
ne oYnetlr = go K-+t GrJ . P72,G* z z)

gchllirn /-k6s2nAry e9 tn et@r"$. l l>


:

fF
(zoxz& = s6+?sL> +v&,T"
l-
)L t*l5o
Gr++orn -le:.sion) .Se4ion ,-s (YalKe-d
Nor'^',
steo{ ,o*ior g:ff =ffi:'r,[67
r)P=g'oCN'clo}:'oB7
'.nP
.-. K =
: -'o83
:u' ??L, pd
' \ =gry\?v
:7,65 tY1

j : l- Y3 : l-''?3:' : 'ggq
wL bdT goxrzooo)
Ky1,.ol,-l/ M =5[.K) z{
r
)J. -@= Zlv\ z3_

= tbTb Pe'
Aga)", As[)J ?oxzooo
=ry
l'A =
|/\ : agg?KzT
z'bt'
:2278+ PS.

Page 11 of 20
.? yf!Z:rZ, A yedanqn lctv tusm hqs a ,oidtk
o[ni" ona {Judi'*-try fi,r'5i''''Nha+ is+fv

itr' *f flbatl (rrysr


t v r:tw i#;.{ ffi6ilYrp; r,.
th'te.u no'1 ^*hoa) '
60/000 6t' n=B
c;; i't *i'or'; , {7=
5g!*ljp"n A'rep- ol "rein'lovcptnenl'As=3x'79 =z3]i*
"
*cel ro*io,P=# =ffi5= 'ol' Ip.t't',b=3,:
nL^ ^t .-^L,^. ^) a: - z'>7 = .otr [{gI; ',-,-,rt' t J l-+ rrr/ v - l,
Elt dEth d=t1'5

="Arfr)J .V.aeg}xtT
li'tty;y' f|t
Me @un) Lxt 5 lot
r'-' " '
= 6'z'3Vx4ooo1'B |t ='L+rfo:?.-
?sc
- gg7ztY
= L)t-zt-
,r'tL
P,-'n I =zY'o"t
'

=73'+? -r-
r{a @on.v .ru"= * *,i,t- 5{1rooo
toncv.t")=ij,J:)Du Pr
lir?;; flfrW
z' oool:{:W!
6Y-rz*tT
+*'Ee ft
= +/ I Boo*' 3
= Bz.ob K" IL t --iiuo'?ec
K-{t
so,,,tno nnnl uQaalT =v3'+9

Page 12 of 20
e l.+: (Fo* pyacti c-e-)
Exarnpl
DaleYr^ina l6e- rno menl uq^et+7 of lfr<- tolfou>vy,
belrr n h* NsD mn*hod' n=g
6iv en'. ?.=\ooo?eu, I>: 6c., ?9i,,
(

3o

,'/'f 2-No.8
+zNo.9
(Fov ?Ya'li 'n)
-F[q[p],g-!-5.:
yzlerni na lila-fqmanl ,'4oo^ty ?f T*"fi
;:,:fr;":;;-"+i{r"lIno-^$'wsoine*'a-he-bearn
r^;
i"o6r' W, :+H tu*I#: !.= t4 Ksi
I
J'7 = 60
Vgt'

i.., =g
J. 's&8€ 4No'9
(r

Page 13 of 20
?Yyflg IrZ: A trnvle. bq^ su\eel=d to o- ?oinl-
tooJ is shoon beloro.D uln'rrnine- thn mazurnurv^
Sl\eSS in fh,e conevele- and sleel Juato th"e. point lM .

6iuen: 5!=zSoo Pt',4y =5o,ozro psi, tr=20,ooo7sc,n=7

No.5 bavg
Sslulon:
HeYr, vnay)murn bendiV rnornarul
r^ 35;oo(Yt("f'7)
350C.N7x hnu-t)
tA = zo
= 45975 b-+t

we yn,ttJt M
= As{r)e2lr:€ 1tgL5ltL
,,,
fu;
='1268'l
-@9/t35
ngap, M =t[.otbd"
rtbd
7;igz54?
vvg'v ?5t
Page 14 of 20
FIa^P]e"tr,6": A teelalgulav bearn ,nust earyh
69o b/[L LL and rnusf s*gg"t t fr= 4Qd' Ioad W f
{Datf ;S lso bf +b, ir" 3ei{io" 1o ift a^>n wdffi.od-
rvl+t.11 t,as slrVl7^ swTTovleA s?an o{ zrtlt'
ZSo rne*hoo
;;,r*w. beaw lou Slox"nn ry n= 9
uusD '

q6 ll=z,oooPst,4r=z.Qooo 7{t,
d&r., n
Sotl{li on Nol.'. Fov Des,y,Y =ffi
(-=ffi " n Hete, ( 7o+5x7ry
J<- uA o(,i
?91
= lVSo
fu;'lvg
'87+
= l--'za\/z = = lq'82-'

26

Page 15 of 20 6No+
Fxample t.7: A ye+ongillav beam 4?'s"'xad41|
ffi'';:^^*,T|#.wf;trYh^
as ti"sli" li"' fov,": beavt i fita an tqYtreJ1K<-
oo,{no xsi' 1'=zokEi' n=9 '
Sled et;inn'. f.= r35
Soluhon: As n4r;oJ,,, v9 inq boJanr-zd s*esSdosifln-
I /t ,2o ll*'BZ
r\ :<:
t-n+Y
r)
s2
:i378 [T = Es - -ll

e +tq t

)=
l--'?qg/Z: '8V+ K1't
='22t /M
R: lxt-?sf'v+ygV+ d
NnZ: = 4@
9+s
dr4 'ZzVl13'5
tt ./ 20' OK.
17'72
M 9t+5 :2'7O in-
'>)
'ol
Noru, t"*s tar91 eo As ,
?=k=#":
g{'ol ='3++
K =
j = l- '7+A/z ='ggs ^ ers

-' Ae:;fu,=2'^#n"piu L

Page 16 of 20
SImCgt,?, yn,tiV'ru 1n&\Nqr tnion j"f fr
9',m717 support / l;tay ays;der.
of Ih.'beaT. ^shouon}1a.
rzinc5 Given "i*
":.
,
J:,r9.tsi,f;zlo.i;n,=?
irr.r 5D *&od) LL= I [ll:
??7"t ry{t "in
0"'d sd+
^+ )
l=zo{t
Solu-{r on' t;'d.[ ,u) =l'5+l =2'5rl+t
Mapirnurn bend',r^qr^o rsn'JrM =+ =tr#;f
0 z*;lzs Y-lt
tln9 '/ *ctn,
tr
t\\ --) ,tA - -- ? +t3'73 ='W3
n+r
\J-l_ t_-_.Lro\/>
n t t2 2-'l
r=%=tz.zz
eq,{L # =.96b

=29'99 "f:iil
ffCS>1 tz. 4?34&c6
@ \ -u'bl+ Keu

*e;)
\rn4 -n2?'::+" @ssu*i, LW
o[

= 33'?3" W,
wQ ) h --3+" d,= 3q-q
zstztt'L
o"' "" ' -$'+l it'- = ]0"
Nofu, Ar :6gecf3o :

1..[s',y, qNo.g +LzNog 1-t i.3 td ml-


+ 7d'4? --5'52 >5 0K.
P$ = +dl
12"

+No 9 +ZNoB
Page 17 of 20
.?W)g- J:?-' Cd,a^)tz tK- allood{la- m on e-rv|-
uy".al-J o+ fi{- -fitlo*\g ANthV vetnfu beaYn'
'"d'
Qven' '-f.='ttoo 7st, 4r= _#oo psi ,un = *
{2,s"

-kNo. to
n
SoLuhfon' K: @ Jlola' tr
I-.sro nee&lo u-le f'=W*nP-'P
I o nau r a, do'r$ r etni'fuv,eeA
uJa"b)q*A
I tra, ,Tt'sIeoJ4
Lcat+ifion'
Ar= +>u.zT =s.o}'i

'i,:i;;;:r':,[*r,r,,,*''*i1'^1;g:i3i
'1 "--lAt
lA, _ ltfu^=7.oktr
t'lttBAD.
4-l-'sv
kt Tf = ffio.? ;" bLan M4 3,
=
-

Asz=i)17't? 'r-3 oq ' ffi;VU wi$'"d boan

:,;;; ;')
=

i :eT {" r's


t' ii'.1rv Jn tt cd
t

nilJ,
r"
Wfg
d-d)= 2. otr/-2+4oox@-z.t Fo. i e*, _,'ii
n
;:;7i [;t =r t-ig, o oig,'i') = G es xtf,v'i

o,,t'-' n

, *!^,",,f XSt,'i
J: l5l:*{:,zr;,}*,
Page 18 of 20
.A*M:J:19-., A "ror*anfl,ilav bam is lin^;La A2y
yo@son tb L r^tidfh of rz'm,qt|,&
ffi
;L r AA o[- z4ivr .Il musl ves, il a.-b.lal-
KJ'ffi;1 ui)* o ( zszo-tr "'.Wn*
rc-tnfrvcuu*
i;';;,4;; {* +t'x"i* aasinw?
&rten''4'r=+rsr, ! = 2o r<1, n = I
Solfion: '8K'
Aflo^ AAu cA*essive- SlveSS,f.='+Sf+=l
8
,\_e+2 ='qg',) = [-'ry='BL
V
l.g
E++"4; va Aeq+|, d =LV 4 @ry,'p2-\ntlrt +
-/

=* X I h( +l?/'g}fi7t2,oL
t\11
j; ay;r:i
l"'n= A,' l|gc :U*#ov--i'n)
yl,' -v
" - GBC
:.t|n=ffi]ffit
^ __ Z\aY r"t(-4t
,,e xoglrJTd

n // #:ffi'.?:ts'q
gb,, =
- 84L K'n
aL^LL K-tT)

Mz ry9----- \w;":r
,

l},y = 257O -te

= Z.+zinl- z.s_
) frQo nsi)
=
4r':2Y20xffi
rSL
Lo,(+F5r-

-' .t;/2t, +;=2o , -7/


l"Y)

goit- >2't+z ir'- ql''


4.3"+
=;-
Te-ngroh Sbtd,hs=h"*;
6No.lo u/*,6Yo,:l?>+.y
tx
lr-
",;;*zq2=7'31itr
=
{-(2
Page 19 of 20
FoR flaActrce
n eir^V!1 s,'ypu"fnl 'ryJan|"ha[ fuT
ep,C.
"";r;:.t;;' ;' r'ojiand,L"t?rytntsicn
ffi - l^tion" h ove,')t rxol'sA
1"4,T""
2" 2-L
91
ffi;; .'U"t"#| #'- iaih"Jt ^
o^*
to'
* fr' bqw'
n=
Git*, f.= ltzs ?<i, fr= zQotD(s'"
gt'
v5
T
zv

zil
2-st
L
ea'^ ffiu
Nso, dtecv--
ph^* t'niF*m ,kvulo"'/
-xdt'diY se)['"I
bonw *r+^"n'T+ vJ\
r1a+

Et av f)o \'tL A '- bae"^ of s 4t s?an cavvies


oS, eiovlt+ and au cen eei-
uni {orn ivu'bal t;T
^
"4.
il^a, ;,
#[*; : ;::U
^#' *;i
L"ft s"p?prL x+ i:l'.lii
in "':
';;,{J"-,o^Io,^"*
U[Lak ye'n{a
LYott seq\on'ip"'ortB
rnusf bz ttcea"+;;i""u tr\ii l^sion tl4 uoil( be-

y\aeeA in unt i",i.- e,vnn , {--t*oo7sL,,f;z4ooopi',rt=8

Page 20 of 20
?i
T SeaYnE
Rein{ovczd on.yele- tho*, Ne a/rnost d^"Y
*-,jt,fii. r,^l ith thz sippr,t;r.+ barn s'Bq'n *i -
YYwPe an d b en I bay s extende. uft ;nlo lu slah ' Thus -

* )ntl o{ lhz sl'ah a.---lssn.-hon the bosm 'The


lith is T'shalea ('p
7*til'h*; ;^;'7tott e"lanxfl^r
'; ff;' :"g rA "'A"" t

*-,4
ba
T- bearn se.-tiorn

the- Yecomrn enAohons lt, 4lAua t^+i 4+k' b given


in the A cl edu aYz- ai J"lf oto-t -
t) -lhe#*hue oidth, b sho'L( noi- txteel one--Jnrrtk
-thr. L'
s?aY1 ol ftfr- be^aw^ t'€ ' b <t

L) The- ov zYhanB,Y d{-l''', ry b-b^ on €.i hrnv s; d 4


ol
4 r' benw Eh;tl
tfto- st',itl frol (eea2B li^us 1r- 1h'i'trcss
;ol exerteea
oi+F- slab nor o)na-hal{ th.- deav, drslry <e i.or-'-_'
neXl bg},w. t' . p- WPLI+ ) ry
3 b-bw

!+
2Z
Eaua*i on E y T benm C" eD : SJ-ra{n anJ s4vn*s

di
Vows [f.rz LYacKaJ .)o*, . csnd-i fi'onl + o*
T- bea'n aY shoplr- bJoD.N ecessorhquA'*t
-a-
deS're,]rt cl N beavY c-e(v
i, fot lft,-- on a\oXs, a", J +heSe dr
i'bn drvivC baseA ow TQYYLr

*,I !t
N.A,
d -
l=At{,
?ffiDs6 Ska'n
doZYQYl^ draTQw

Nn.ngsc.rj| e? "o.+t'or-8 . NoTF:.


A, As
;[ - !^i', ^,
K:
,\
np*+Cf
u-*t?' 4, Kd > t *J,nn l-baaw
bd ) .^r\ + /t
nP+ + T+, Kd +h',v ,
o-
Z
3Kd
lrl -t
-zL *i
L
;j4= d'7 Yu,lfl.nqttJqY beah^
aliJfi^ L b

tvl 1e+../) = Atf , G -z)


M (*n oulq =
')-)
t.l' *j

lii) Fbrl benrns harfrrsr o' s\ab on onzside- unV ,


Q9.+; u3, :o ",yh ^rg\ 1 tlP, ::* :"#":,::
u"at tl t1--'s;;oolIl.o boew,, L?H^ lrnes Ifre- slab
";;-
*hlcr<n ess) oy onu-V.ilt."Jea'. drs{iance- fo tfit nex[ bean'

u-a (b -bu,t .;-:V-19' Lt Q-vqe+- '


TL

cnnoEs Eho"ll
i, Fov isoLal QA boavng 'tF,- t\"V-H'i o[If-^&''
n;t bu \ess +h an on a-hCt tKu otdtl.
( not- bz Ynore ttan
dnA th. t lal 4laftf {DiJth Shat
4 f,Yne, tfru wab;idt1"
1'€. +>+,bL+b^
'

v
IsdatC
a-beP''n
I
,r' tt

ovt,r"rr s oY a shoLon b")a . the- beatns aYe


be-am
si^fqlr*ff*t-"" nill^ tg lt sY:\. e"Jeulofiufr"-
sirnp$
a[to"^Uf . rnorner+ cryau+7 of tK"- a-besm
6ivcn '. ,t'. =z'5K5 L , {s:}ovsu'n=':.[,5 = io"
{<--i+t

z"
t.'t e+t
6No.8

Seluhen' F{,{-e.t va oiJ+[ b


, t/
L{-+flo :}lin
*evo
l6t +b^ - | L-V
ePaY/Lr -- ry :57 in b^ = (o"

/c E?aei""1 : gltz = lo9 in


0
. fi: tr @* sttt bsl one ol &ovttf'vn)
97
It

?n('
/'

+'7U :,00\46
Ag: 6r'+9
np ='oQoL t-
', - 6r
-r K: ,o+o6+lx'l7s =,>53
tt ,
5.1? U,,(L)
KJ _- .>57d.2D'5:
.'. T-'buv aclt5n '
b*
n)

+
) -1
Nou.,
Z:-
3X5'l?
.: . -2x4
t. xZ :{'5 8"
txs'l? -' +
t's)ftz I+?,5 Y-&t
M = Arfrg- 7) =\'7+t'zoxgo't--
(*""1) t\ I l'tl^,
Hbt I
G- 7) | [-=.+sJ' .
t-='tftxz'S-
ItA [cr,^ rve]n): rcL-0- ?T'A/ .l
|' t9[-=t'.iztxsc
: t -tztff- #,)*/xT @'E-
K-++
= 2+g'6
: lW'' wtt
frlts;a,t/l,zmDr^ '^t qc^u+7
F(atanPle I 14 GoA ?+*clrcE) ,,
in ' -lhis cosQ
'
cnnsi dev ti,- +'* Exannfla t'r 3 1v''
'.$nr, tf t Li di t + L3" ' rl th'- sl"b
reirtucenn',.,{-
l;#;i;'f liunroo-i ol tso pr,'alo^nu \fruvoluu
o[ t, anA I t (6ns\leY onu-d% stde) '

l{i^tt'. crJ"*,{ aIz foa-J on 'beaw


DL o+;;:G!:tr::::T;W
=
Du + boaw:lr'?ffYt;)
LL $o* slah : trco /'?
but
t
h-+r
enjl,lv\'-
catyWrnrr^
'7 r0rL/'rtz'-t)''
b^u7nnorn ry=go(lt
r.*io/-!oe uan
> K., t, ) ,^=
Tfun t cdulaf*
+,
e l'15 : (l:ola PRACTT CF)
An isolalr.d, T- be.avu is thouun bdc*t. rhe- be.a*'.
hal '^ szan o+ 2L +t ond ras{- t !n4 on }ricra
'tn:o,tls
. Nha+ is tn-. ma/..tmuyn unifor#. toal ,r',frirl^
c-ayl bz guTerirn9 oreJ ?. GiVcn'- {.=tlzs rat, fr=z|Ksf'n=lo'
50" tq-g"
-f
Ir
z3

3No lt

!t i"tr ,
4b^ :+Xt I =+4
E.fii+i v a .,"' #l' s - 4r+"
4lo', ^i
rnz*f' M
fr+l* J*a alt otp oJ/L r^o
S" ')-.

e+Ns",) {e- L rA

o+ft- s",.Ao)^ bcnr".'


ll"a,/v t wsurt = sd+ ,,fl. 'J^Eln-
l-
l- 2L tl Lsf a^)

tJt ?
.? q dg"l""r$.: n syslorn eonsisf< o{- o- }'m
4o?,
rurld" st^4gbrfeJ aV eontinuort's T leansol
zq &t 9?an, 4a ln on te'#^s'Nab &imensione aY<--
slzel ave'x is
b65= and
I l"
a,='zo"' tlj ha*. +"ni'le-
nann'F
i?ay,ii t= to
i"ia:';;i Ye1\'t ?,.P*o'y
ol z5oo K-n -6iven !.= 3 xel,, fe=2oKSt'n--9"
"'

So(u.liovr,

I
lat+b^ =rrrcNl=59//,, 0--- I
b=47" \
@usn^llesl
flan/4 -7;{t =a2" | ^n)
cf c syauY = +7" J

Gver. ,1.n =75OO K-(b


.-tD IW.
tjj:':. , L,r

A9:@= M
h/\
rr:
zsoo
;L2"r./
\6,r,
L2' Ft \ IAS
\<rcr>t'a'-' 'tt :',',7*d consi aavcc. '
2080-'7/'
1m:@rz'1
6'TL ,oo+l g
\;;?raoounvh'^
NOP, H =
P= 6120
nP= '#n-gxg ='os+v
,IE
.l
'!Jiuo"#
bA: 3/zo --

'r> ='35 3
K= ,oL47 + It-

:;;;-zo =v'06 >3 ,.rl.,'on


Kd= T-'bum
-P l- -

?./ 7'o6-Zx7 ><7 3


Jt' =l'765" ' 1---
T/7.06 - b
l-
Z- L'vL
Z5C) o : 6'7 I i;- <'' l)n

J-o
Cu\"i SeA , hs: ffio--t'7$) (r'ftla ' No ,need
' TeVt Se)
Ch<cK con qdu s|"n-v
DA
f. :) hllou,
gtes:, [-='+E+'L-
rarrrcfu

:,QtF 3 tr
= l'75 K9L \"'

: t.'iog Ks,-Q 135 Kel G")


ol<.
ro ffo\h Az, Ag= 6'7( i.-
uJ< ' 3N o.tD+3\\o 9 baa s ,\/
ln
:7{l'4-{-3ll-6'8li}'}>6'Z ok
CMPTE< L
TLExURAL AN AXIIS Ar\rD DCsIGNT
(u sD)
Dxarnp e 2.1 . D.{=rrn\ne Iff.- norninar( momet$,Vtn
anJ des\qwmornenl s&otrtl,va of fru ftlbmr"o1
benm sn4r\n . &iven;{2 4KsL, != e{rk;- .
v
"*"ryrfl"v *h Gq pr?,r"',

lt oQo
z 3NO.8
/t
'-n- 4=
So[",t on: AS:3*'7?=Z'7V rT) J
-254:27
)

:'olo7, <,",,-
slne) "roho, P = # il
;:::r';; +.'#. W',:.yP.,r'
rabte s

= Bsx es** ffio+ \T::;; tMtijq.'"r'


--'ozr > P .'.Te.n1'ron Jailure I

t8 "
*,nssbro(':'#, ::,W #?
o/u)
=
=4

Nornrnal* Y^omeY\t, 14n = Arh G- I s/t) / t z


z.37x6of- C'' -
4'
=
x-Jt
=zqT'8
@ [a.luv 'i. 2. t+,rB
Hete - tl
!
I J +
7t-c du=-A=27
dL= "
2+-= 2q X- _ lL,?ztr
- -' gS -
C=F(31 =-7 t

=,Oag*?+\'?'
+.?L 2,u ='oO 3
=.oll > 'oo5 hs^i
"--?#xloxzr:{#t
.'. q:'?
'D asi*-n rzY\l s-l', r"B4h rMd = ,bxz47'8
.Dc.,s',Trnom
2Y;
22b K--l+
"-',1

6ct*pl a 2,2: A vecla.,".q.fu,r b^- lolr- ,^s',4t1


W.trv.-oati of rc.5'.'rl is reinf*ee-&
-ytniits ir', onoyo''d. A)e^'^ltoth-"- no,nin",L
,i+t^ LrNo.y
nnot^+, anJ -daiqrr' rnornent s+Tafl|'l', lvlJ '
Gven . I'.= tn xe L , [y =(d t<i Le4 ?.8Y, €/3's)
Sotwlion: As= +y-[ .o =ty'tfl, P=k='ol?
2,,
P^r,*:'85(I ,fi'L+ffi
1',
c

.@3
Eur',
'$r
(*"' T"ble-3',

'gs/..85x#xffi:
{o'--'c;c7+'ooLf
f'.= QKeu

= 'oZI
'- 'Tension f*'Luvzryuo t,
htf^1 tJ-t-eo
s\'rnssblo cv,dn+th , l,-=
,gs+Lb ,
:1
'eSY VY]>

'Nor inaL YY\omer\l,Mn = As {,/G- u') ,

of0r'5- ses/) /,-


= +f6
=29 t.z
K-lt
aclov
Notz- :

-!tv, 'ooL12+.3'oo5
::.oo3x'45-. 2L='qg7+873e+
='oo+57
' Q ='+8ztg7'3x'oot+?
='965
' .Degiyrnorna^+ 9+,,",#l ,M; ==':t7:;7;t
Ch ecK Ag,rn in
e{Wo 'rf- <4 i''J ok.
As.^;n = }<tzt lT.5 ='CLLI
hs
66t 0o o
zoo ='TD
*/-q- irl oll
rnin =@xlzxlT'5
3L

anJ avea- o[ Sled lov o.- s;rnply supyovloA !e<-


lane,lm be.Am toi{h o.- span ol'lr lL'the- beam
is loo , r, u dea'a LoaA ol I'zt K/{t Qv'dudi2
sa[ nl .) dn d liu a LooA o+ '' tsl/ t
^
Given '. {.= + is' , ?', =1L ";'
'uQ{'t€r''u'e ''?'*t)

SdCi en,
:+'9e kl+t
l-zx l.LL+l 'Lt'2'15
Fa.loveA ud l, LDu =
f"eloYed
tt({; '$a+;^trnom onl ,, Mu =<=-
LDu
,T
L l-+'7Lg:;.'9'5 K-+t

To rncLi nl-o-in Q='9 , gdet+ 2L='oo;


U .OO3 ='Ol8 I

P='85t'-'g5lhxffi
usiry,
pM6 =t4
+'saf ftbd-A :;4;
Ma -_
r'4'l^

+ '?rors veo; b t0i'"inry:le sltL


2 ,v/e6Dd =tbr,-r f lftq,_=tq.-Lg
(t

A;='olglx/bi l+ W--7',/8 ; *m^ zVo'9


>:'. *nt' s s e),eJ - b =-,.,2'1,^inva,U{z zvo.g + l{,ffi
lNo.g- ,LTOto
:l ,}' t yt

zN o.? + I No.8
Wgvy,te"?:!:. A v".lqrqd"r bean of
&'mensi on
t6,'tzo/' rnust ,t*{|ffirAingl rnorn ewl of lzoo F-r'n.
Delavmi ne-Ih.- s+.ol aoeo *n41^'fl"1 iot +hi t beaw '

G-v nr', {i .= 4'5 rs , i1= 60 Ksi G"l ' Q^ '3 7' P 'se)
'
Solu*i on -ta'(n4orceA
:
ChecK st

usinfl . zL=,o0n,,.!='?oo, \^ _ .eze


Proo =
.g
s r' tzs r,f, x, :;;tT oo s
,s
Ii* +irr Kr.
. ol?7 l' LTaUle t' )
n tt\.
=
:'olerxroxlF'5
' ,s:
At " I @*iY
t+ra, f==l;;T"
f,'.,o;,|;;'' \of
&=--
3'W =5'+l"
'ggx+' 5/lo
qys.Lrs/ Lox07 5- s +rl,)
Ma":;;; = Y^'i'
L V'in lSoo
) Zi^ilt rQP loYcLabPaw
= 27t
'
rl A 'l
=l'S-rin-
Nflp,, o-gtvYnL @=+: AE=ffi'r"v)
I3o o \9i'-
- l!9,,,=
z +4", ftr= .rafuq;
t'
() a- '€srq'sxto
W^, ' " -

NoJuvtl',e' \lurrhon is tqa \W, As =


l't+?\nv
ZNo ' 3 bar in 1
va'"r
v|Q '

. t,' *CbzcK As'mll-.

-% @o^'"='s::t
As
=E#xloxl;'s
if-
A, n..,.^ ='58
rv,in :--4oo =xloxlT'5 =
20" \ \ I'r;i;
zN o.8 oll .
?tgyfl g":._7",_0cda,J"totiud,o-siTrlornevtf sk"6L
rnrl6,^g'ln, bean .' G*l'
prot,' et's'ti)
@rne. -eavvi
[it)
-c.U di qr.'dbea ns o.. DL= t llt Gx.l udir2
) a^- ancetilala Live Load,p ;+
vn i J ryarn". ,Jiko}' r,>i ll b<- frn- s$u vol, e o{- ? ?.

Gven '. s?aY, L=28 [t , 1'.= f Ksi, \- 4o Kir-

,4',

{gldjgr, cL) hs:6x tert:r '(Zih'-) ? =&:'oz(r


'ooSs
r|ifr; ?'= #, =
A{ = zX 4? =l
eyYl-e oY h tf]-
e-hecK s;,"il1 vu'.fx'eA Yw ff'
- I tra
u*.ffit
P*=' '85(,3{*/ffi
85d' 6u "":':,;.^'
'an2 ^'}
lil;i,r:, KtL
a"w s t)

_ 'ozt+7 <( -" a-$*v lJ"" l;=5


\'"'
*'4 bPa'ru\ f,- P**' (1
"rainf
t','
"Y-
tl ?' k
Pi*, Et 3 s

l+ -2''*1^'rn-) ;r l|4;w
=.gt/.gKkt<firffi-'oo7o]
t ,)ot l.
l:%"
| -'gQlo]

d =L4u
r"* -=ill#r',6r6s)
F) +-
{L-
J)

- - 's- g\xeo
G (z-,
-7.-
-'- l/
-lAr-Ar')h
,

'89-{: b -\_' '8-rX 5 X IZ

c-: h:+
dl =?3-Z'5 =Zt't
I
- g-g"
t,
tr

h=>4'
g'g? +t+"
2g..5-
='005L =L8"
b'8? >'005
'. d
=O'9
s+Y#flk|,
s)x eoeq -
9l 8'(z-l's
L
vo9 v-lr
1,L? f61fovur
c' f*W.a LooJ it-=|LL r/fb

wsnt+=%\':t
- l=2-gfV
:"3 5 [+ Pl

Du bt')= [-r '3)/t'>


,lsu - 'ry+T
r.l .) v)k
n

lt-Lp
=1.czFl l'V
= t5? +
tl'!i** ) eMn :. t'Au
+ to? : l9?1ll-z?
) ?= )g.L{8K ft"t i
,".i (5

.2 yd*"2,6", A ye<+ay\fiAa\ b.qrn lhoh mus[ e-avr*


z?w 1tt and o doJ"+"1
o
; ,*tl* f'vzloaa o5,

dea.J )@^A o+ l'os qlt on an, lg, +t simp)e s?ar'1h.e-


bi,-ar-^ is lir,^i't"t in se(hon lo to i^ oordth avrJ
cYo99
zb \n {ol"j. dn?th .}e}errni ne--IKu <*ntl atea"vaard'
diven : {J=+ u, ,17= 60 Yh G{ . ex'e'13,7 'rou)
i"'d..,[en: Fa*ord ud,t ,(Du=l-LNl'oE+( '6xz'L+1 =$'Ll ltl{t
FalarcA mo^nnh,Mu= =zn K-{t
ry
= o>b-or-reo' 'uvtr v.-r '
l"rnax ^ '.,-r.*\
LLc^'tr"'1
6 \Msur^iracl "Lste"),
As='olElxloYI
-
-'.?o'rn-; \d =2o!u7=l6Y/
zeog-:G,lz"
-4
\
*: G@ =- '- ,.^ ,.rz\ /,_
=t+s.Q
v-lt lztlv-k
gMn
eMn =
.?Yz'eo*69^\"
='?Yz'eo/.,eox(s- . T/:r: ;,oinlo.rnl bean.
beam .

t^JAn,reinjoral
rttornr"j.,M,rz= r,, -o',,' 4 --zs' c r-*t
Rar.aini
2 uw?usti"'l^
Nor,^,,
ti=,o6v +- \ii;'"-::r$
- oo7^r# \"::'fr=:+
^ oz"
=6

='ool7E \ I

'(,':- |r'xE, ='ool75FT9ooo


" :';;'i t *?;tffi |ig,t,
'
;, A;=fur- \f=?-\t :q.*x-
,,+r=z.t+e,p
*,{i**o.>
',,
+.1^,( f,znstoh sfulAe:Z'eo+'6e bars
'A;:+xl
,'"[F1
\8.3-?No v
=tri"-
'3-{
Tltq.n. ynuyxe a- $" ot( CAr€-K

As -- + - 'r*x 5?3t' = 3'2e irl;' 2':.o i"-6* ?='6os)


a <'"o 5'7s
3,76Xe o t,
:5'Tg ) L=6 = g'?V"
J-t Sr- ,
A_ : rBS loxt+ X
'OOI?
Qr':'0olt% --
59 K5L
. '. {r' : 'Ool? X Z? OOO =
dr-= z/'-1,'5;''
-
t11
=17.9 "
t.+-'ooVt' W
:'7OW;
,879
.q =
= '+B 7+933Y'ooL+Tf
:-'g79h'2a'-6o(a-- Y)r'sstse{(l'- ''il/'
1
5.+9
dM^ L
oL
: 1. 7G f.fL
try.aw\de. z.T'. Degiry thu .intariar beaw ae shcr^:n
irn Ifrz Lqurq bl)oa. Fov arej.ile.turol {oason,4e{l
ol +n. ;A^ i s lirnited {o zzin. Asu^u-w\a*[^ *
lr," ffir ;, T;, ;i i;i"?' &:;i^:lll* ffi "'

It
tll 5 " slab
_ri_
rj
1lt

-l |

lll
Bricrc

n Seslion t- |

Solq*i an'.
9)cA&ns{ y!:n !'a*
DL Cde.acd 1-oad-/)
_-____-
srl+ url o{ sW=FK'l)xn =
,7 5 Y',/ +t
.Lo Kl +t
FF ond RanJorn r^.rall =@o+3o)^r/,r;,
,35 YUT
ol beav^ = ffiK"t5
-:
3z\( ,76 Nll
'"S
6vicK tDoYK {#g:L
''-
Giu. tsad)
Lt-
Livn- l.oal r'tz/tooo ='96 k/tl
fliven =='Bo
FaclsvoA uJ I ,tdr.r, = t'z*2' oG rll'1t'''9 L=4'oog 4[t
I
I :'':)

t
hCov"-a n i,ii i,'- ^ t r-iS, *; r9tf-sf-
doQt?w = \5 o,e v-i t
I us,2 tL='6o5
1

U -r. , q = '?3o=
.oo3 '1 ,^t., t-
.OB5
P-o*= '85{'esxt'oY .ootfios -
tzxz+ Asrun^i"7 t of sfee)
'A.
'' =.or35X 1
' 'o
= 3'eo itu
A, zg-4 = LLf
I =
=7'65/'
^=ffi T e5\ /,. =3s4 v- rt<tg..g.,..t
-'-;r!;;rain
QM n =, e x3' eot eo{ Q+ * *t
^r::
-
fl
sKlt
qz =\So'9 -ZSQ an,'
Rr-ar r.ir , rn ornan't,, Mqz

N'b'
!:;{4r
= 'OOZI]
V+'-rH:)'
: Az?ooo
f,'' €1><E.= 'oozl7

'. 60 (cv
A: yielA-9 , 5r'=17 =
Lo'lD

^;
=Lffi r =
"*;' !)f ,:| :Hn
+ ?o nnL
|
s+ee), A s= 3'?o+ =
ToIo,A {.^6i on
\Ue) 3No'g+- 1ZNI'E iw L{otAt
Ar = 5{l= f
rn

't hQh,,
-=if'"
& d.ecK
Cf"" 2L='oog )
mAKe
ht_ 5 - l'Z ni*6===rY
^ e5 bn'Iotu.
Lto

ot-: 3,8*lo. :T.es " ,,) (-7'15.


\/ '85 =-
g.zv
'!85 XSXI>
:' *Z'5' :', oo uq
2; oo1x -g'77g.v7
$; :'oo LILI /'z? ooo : CZ'l L f Si
' {'=ft
t ' lJ - ' =6oKsi
I

OM n='9p'rnro* Q+-"9)+l'zx
eox Q+-"'slf t'
+eL g r'tt ) M* @7i?)
=
zHo .7

28"

rNo.9
+1
P;+-J-r"ffieaY ha*
rr 11" tp"" a( lL ['t' s'''y7'oril ,^ ult !o:i .L': ",,P:l ;

^
7+ t *l+it""a L ;i,'-^d''oreJ live, ,L"laA "f,
5
'rie t -
)tu r+ i:4"n'l".l-',*\n' fhz- w4uveA e-{os
^Ji+fof" fr. bPa- and sled ave&
seel^on '

GiVnn !'.=t+ j1= 60 K(u


K<' ,
soluli ov, '

ffi* o'- bnaw sizz of 1o"*te"


ry,W?'?tl'lrr,

3:l:1t,;.#f .:l=','::,,:,!I=..;ra*'atr#
i =g K

y-)+
f.6Y-.
t ,l'}LS ts/+t
Fact-uvnf Loadt
l= ls +t
fr^.l"vr; ,nomnn[, Mr,r =
l'Bzsxt8z *r+ =to9'9 v--!t

To
"nainloi. @. 'Z , tdi*=rt= 'o\ tlw , p, f. fu*t-r|
=.8
P :'ggy,Q|fforaffioos
e""/ \fov
\'
1'c= + Fe'

=.otgf
eMn --'gx'oletK(o
loY{Q-'59>1 ry)
' '7r =4,?jg dT
ut'^5,- q
Y:--;,frlr* tz + d,
zost = t?' Lat'
u"A L4'i;r;1,'" Wi;b,'i'
W's wLt h. IL"
AILvJ^L s"l* ,,4 ' ogatu ,

#14 ,t*1,',',1,)i'Yf*
!14
Ll ,?

l. gx lg2- , yxlg
fr^tlax(A e4, Mu _-TT
rnorn : f Ok'9 K-J+

l.ttfr, d. = t( - Z,S : lZ,S"


Findi'^-q, sled qyee
ftxvTtrt, &= + in,
A : log'? xlL
"5
|-lt
:2'lo\ lT'>
l^.., /n* I +/z)
4
Tertr SeA, o-- 2'loL+{6 O : 3'Il t'
6X+1 to
log'? xlz :Z'08 it}
A9: @@ s'-t+)
rc$nuYnQ^+ is nece-ssft
No fiin*
1 Tot,.)
LW, 2N().9+ tNo'7 it-
:2d'"9+ lX'olz'L
= Z'lg irf'
Ito t'

l6a

lo a;Q
zNo.8+ I No'7
Ltz
Rcennple 2.9'. For qvc-hi I.cluv*l- \cAJoA, o. ,evla.in
ol ft E(ah is lirni hzJ in ens'r
ffi, besrv rc
t*+i; fo uuidth ol }in an4 a-{"f^J d"fh "f ,tl.t,^
^ tut-a.l* t^lovrcin9p tivq LoaJ ol t \kfift
trl ntus{- eYYYa-
;"J ;'+"+J \r^t" Gt Gn'f *l'*6 ils ourn ythr)*
. I yll t', duAale-\fr"- slcdYcL.o.YQ]-"{q)4Yei '
I

Ciu"" I l'.= 4 rsi , [7 = 5o '

SoLul'ot,l '
Kl+t
.l+l.6Xl. 14=T'rL
fat+-YeA ---''l,/
wllr'u)>t u"l DLt
n = l. L/1
t
lla.lov
rA
eAmorn€rr+, I4u
:W
3'gL:
-tli)'?LY'lb
Psw
Vltn 2L='-005' A ='9 hY, 4'.=4 Keu

p
t max
'gsd'g t;Ulffi f} ='gE
=,oLlv Itrrruw.i ylsutrzts sleol
"+
As='o73x9tlL
= 2'og lrnl lt
\TilP tz"
^L:ffi2'o9J5o
N:ffi 2.O9{to_ -= 7'82
'v '-
2()u
2'ru 1.o1\ t
^^ 1.o1\ Cg K-fl
K-f+
Gsx +fg j C, - ry l' Z =]
-zo.cg
-7O.

' '
g 1.n,.: . g /,2. og /,5 o r3l:?
Yo'nfueel
bean '
li
'Dovbl+
" rr'3, e9 gs'zz v-lt
Rerrnair.i y, o^ni,Mrz= -78' =
,'-r.,
Npru,
e{--.ooz-I'oT?i =
Y
\W;":f;t'
zzooo =79'6[r!tt -'s5 I
fr, --.oot?3
,A t 35.2 7x2- -= . gg \r3,, WZ Z No.7 in I you>
f\g = 5ll$q\t - )*-
r.., irl-
;ffix02-z's) =l'2
q
fola) Jreniion *ed, As =2.o9+'9? =].on irnL
tJ.,W/ + No- g hq" ira- 2 Yotde
' g i)fr
=3.4

o1il3 Gor Lt'-'oot


Ag= 3, lL-l'Z = l'9 C
I

. '. Q=',go ae bntoYe


l'96x9rc
A-- 'gs/-ql'B
/ 's/=35'Lg Ki 15T KS'
l+.2+-2', < . ool1T . 1r'=
?t ? ' oozyl tl
4.2
)

t/-*L ok
: 1h 7L Y-tt <tt7'sL

ZNo.7

4No.g
L+r
i Fxarnpl A siwl"v sr,rpporleA beaw csrvie,s a*
e z.to'.
i s*rv'*. ["^J i:- .S'r'z ii+t *,audi^; t?,+,d*r:
epnes*tale4 live toaa of l't Kr'p a*uo- dlsJan..-'-oS
g [t {yorn 1"+t sl::??oYl.tnn baw sFa}l is zo*t'
vcC .1\e cY os5 se<Aon utlL
e;;" -+
.'+,. r.ti , {y = 6.9
beqw,is ii*iV"A lo t*'/'25".
d4iAs A :Wit' :,:J:u'fu' tr:'ffiifia.
-t.utl.L:l.8trryt

l.gt.t rat
A.hyuJ+
lEvJ
-15K trt.,'s5''
13.zz

sFDu)
Lq'55
IL3'9zK+t
I
t
I

Bnn> V-tl)
K+t
I'ttaxtrnur^ Fa"lorQA M"orne^i,il,^ = IL3'97
To yna)nfo.a'n '? UJ)L 2t,= .oo5
Q= ,
'o03 :'orB
a
frnar : {#
'gSX'95 ,ory+'oo5
I

A5 =.ol8l XILXZI l" ftttu*l


nx 2_ LNdtlt of
-- 4.55 in- t sled ) 1 = 25-4 --Z 1,,)
VsS X6o
fte
4tv1 n=,gxt+'55*eorQ,r- ry)/t> la -ESf+Xrz
= 361.+ K- ft ) Mk (etez+) = 6.69"
9;ntrlh Yei.f oYcQ) beaYu.
\
+b
Now, assune *=4", As=ffi=t.9zinv
t65'72xrL
lL3,7Z>1t7
=,ffi '1n., rh5:
=''7L:?',? '=/'gzin, I'*Li"'L
h,,
a-=|?Lx6O 45 =
L) \=
'tler
No JuChnt oh on i s "(oelluYQ)'
l)&-,) A s= l'Y( 11* ,' \'tAL ,2 N'7
-"'J;xle t:
f :2'oBinr-
t
;*.+Lr
* &ecK As.rr.,,
3l4ooo_ Xl)XZl .79V ir} 12'oB, inL
hg,tnin = 6 o ocro =
zoo .- yjL'.lLl F,w in- Lz' oB l'h}
hg, rr.'i, -l OK
= 6,ur-o''

{gIEt UO, cavr akg)rY\Q- Wn t taSt- ol


st"d on J rc -dee\B; for zorwv
L{7
E, !?_f.!!:.Ceoe
pe4s1rc| A si$y yginlrrcz't
W,
;[ i;,h$; -,b,*\
J;?ll. : !: ?:r!,":' fff,
o.nyroi^o]4
- i
-,:i th-o:],ff*,
1i5 *imes or'#h '
ol p.sr&t
tH

1|i; b.avn ,ji rl critny * en\fiarQ-,1-ive LoaAsirnpl*--


in addufion lo ils *anuwaiVdr, on t '+ tt z'('p ttz)
t?^;:e,ri'""'.' i;.= Jd , \u= ,[o.K<' e4 Tob
9 VVe , P = 'go Pno>>" iov Ae-s'gw
b) w< ) P = P^ry 4o' deeiVw
l-ti',,t .. fn *his ca|Q., d= l'5b
^J--.t>

A xe+o^yr*Jay b.eaw. Y^aesu,es tL"


€Tantg3:!?-: 'eY't
,e{i..|;ve- &qh o[ ^t8"o4 shoon
fDidc- AnJ ha, b j'e' P rrz)
bdd, tt Lkz N s -g G'{' P}6

L,S tl
Civen t
lB
{'.= + Kst t f7= 60 Ks

I
CtJcuJJu Ko nernin ^L --an J lesigw moYAq+
siary'4+ o+ ffn bPn- i f
ol to bavs in I vow,
A F; can+ish +No'lo bavs tn L Y0H9,
con si sls 3No
b) h^
-'/ ' "t 'tn
2 \065.
q A9 eu)ne1 "b
of 6No'9 bavs
FlqVfls-Z:\?: rh z beavn sn.h'on shoarn bdout
Qi^;lzl due 15 qy.h'rlnAuril Yeasbn) rnusl eaYry
a tu{-art fa.lovni moman4, Mu: +Do,k'+t''Des;g!''-
*he- vazy,inA .ylnxura,'t Yeinjovc4rraM '

GiVerr: JL= + usi , t7= 60 K;c

b=2+"
t,
h=16

f-l ints , 1 Yo"o ol Ag sho*l J bz a-6urn el -Iivsl '


+?
l. -
l
r"
:,9_gen: _:- JJ 9P_ .
',49y1tg,?:J!-: eAulaln
1fr'-- Jesinw rnom",t tk*ga
I I at
o! 1n- hir^y isolaleJ r-boam. Given !{3'"i, +7=e oEi. '-

G"* r o8, Qs14)


zg,,

So[ ,,*ion-. / to oK.


Aeve ) s =zgt 1+b?^G* =qDo)
t eL">ryU:s") oF'

As= Gfl zV =7'LZ in- /r


7.eL : .ol}5 \l*-e"e, d =3O-4 =?A
P= zgf 2b \ r =8"
s*rcss blocK d q+|, e- = W - ffi
,8s*3*8z-L)%
= =4'5?inL
528t'--+L
-'.ty'I nf :Asf J: G- V") = tq's9><6oxQ6- 2)/,L=
Web PaY I
"'b,
ffit''/' L
A,. : Ar- Ar.J-v.ez-4'59 = 3'o\
''-i f^= ='0lZ
z .oo3
n e'Bs3.o\r.-6o =.7.13" t ,-tm&y '85/:85rkXffi
u*) eotss )6nGt+-oo}
/)e

LP
x3xlo P" (d a)
50
, l.nnr, =
=.or}.6oyQe -ry)/,, : j+o K-{t
9\s:r.9--tg*-:
dt : ZL-L'5 = LT'5 "
Q.L=eu 1---'
z7'5- g-79'
(:i? : s 33"
:'oo3 X 8'3?
='OO Gg )'oo5
'. @='?
-' ,Der;T yyl'*enl s*ton#,ML ='?,(vrn'
+ Mn ")
='9Qr8+3+,
:|B[. L K-t+
5l
?t?y6"r,!q, A flooy s1sle:n ."nsis| ol u z in
a,..v..v^___
r i )

coneve*< tt",l" srt4poel"A b^tr eonlipsou3 i ano-s ^t4^


q Lq f b span ,, Ltl in on eehl4r9. btzb Ltnettsions as
d.***in nt 4 n"yrhvu momes* "fqluvener'[=, ^+
It. sgpyl"B ,0*n h,--ll n, anA A,= 20 in. lqhwl *q,l,le-
slee) qver- is reo6uved a'l midsTan lo \zs;sf o-
fa.fov.d rnowrenl of 6t+oo *&"f,;::rt ksi.
Ar::::r=Eo

l6t*b,=l6(3+lt =5?",, 1 : r+7


tt (+h- sr^cllesf
b lone)
svan/t+ = ?'*r =
"_' ,,
( '

/ c s? act*7 o[burn= +1 )
Agsur^ i'1 ik"ss blou-[qft, ^ = :Jtlory+tr'; cld\t4 t) -
lt
Mu=
As:@,)
'6+00 l
fo: le-hT
o')
Q=
^+5un^i
I

'9{60K Qo Z)
e.4l t nL'
6,+ |
--'0668L
l+7A7P // , l'

As4 v (,Ql /'eo : 3,zt )3


&ffi =.{j*+7 . -f-- bearn ,,rh'on

_ .esx=x(f-tr)x} = tq.5? irP


60'
lt m,;./ /n n ]-\ lrs Qq V-'tY7
5L
wab fa'rl
r.,?
Renno-i Yr oIfl nnl ,, tfl u65 = L+0o*+58S :lgts Y-t n
htg iy , =
Muar

^=1r".,Asw 6 G-o/r)
r&15 l'BT ,nL

*l &:@ZXil I 97 x.€o :'+tt oF.

,0-
r8V : 'g0 g-f
I t/o
l-

ilx70
5 'ooT
gsx -L-% -,cl55>'loet
P^ry = '85x' 6/a;;,
60' .o\3+'tstt'1 t\ ,l,,.r.tt
ULD ',Tt .nsi ov'' PtuYe

Th eh, As
= hr++ hsw=tq's"il:\ilijf J*r,
ch q-
#
eeK 9--t*:Lef. (=Cs--- Lr-r -?'
1 ''
zo -+'+l
tt= 'oo3xffi+'+t
.oo9v

4 ='9 at agturt'eA
otr.
157
I

lll*'1 !'ueays
'i3Ztt behn:een :!::i':4:
surggorts.The-
?: :!:\'-
6\n iliis 11^.^,v
th\cK 9\a'b .'aslu .

Irnonoll+hic.at/y uri{h r-b.eams **',ho*:Z,7id.1+l^=tt+"


'and tr+al te?l'h, h:4|. The- #eehrce d4fl r"itf b<-
ifaren zo Ln*s')i'.an th- loi-a,[ d'e4th .In fo it-E
^dd,tion
e-o'ch -r- beg* musl eeyYl o- gufert r!>ad-
orin vtatqlt,,'o[-
d aqJ ble so ysl ana sarr]i ee- Lirr'u IoaA of ns'f4'
).|.r^\nn ltove4)*iT oA lons\ln sl"d aYe!-'
6ivon '. I L= 4 Kei,' ) I :6o Kct @4 ?
'\7'ytsb3'ts)

Sot,^,l, on: cAu'^&on


Lood
=::: vlJ't
DL of sl^"b+Wx'ls)xlo :'5O
Fl{t
Sq*^FoJnJ )L '3,:r:'.:. : .i^ lt
-> l+xZL Yl
l5
><'
Aean') Sut'^n.-) _ts1 vll'+
t
.SVt
r"ldrDL=
.225xto = z.zE t'14 +
Lf -+ b=?("
tDq =l'>i,(l'571 +l 6y2'Zt fc(/
= 5'88, t.-l'it ln=ZTt'

', // /)--xlI-1//
b=g( b6r=

>
5'895X32. 7oZ K'/t
- , h.{-u, aJ nno *q^I,Mu = B =
Desiqrn-
p,w^\\shasl.
--A/-- dqtr, = trff"7h,,-
groc,<
!"Y#"' +u
5+
V.o? x 6o
a-: '8Sx
+x7L '.
: l-b"<+G")
ee.t-aCor beaw^ ofi;on T\eq^ns.

NotrJ, 4tiil, ,. TozSL _ _ (.3? \n-


Q6vme , a-=1.2'/ , Ag= 6x@@f-|z \:6 >/

" , _tr, ,
AA"^;x __ 6.=#-I'l8
(./\ _-
, g5X$_g L
", Ar:ffifo'ry;=&t2i"7

No Jtv{ke" htoLis 'n'essa\


2'(6'ts
tw , 3 lg 4ii"'1, : :&i",{ No;
(\e.cw 4 f,arlor =j*t',;+
re_r.zE,,
A-:J:
'g-rx +{e 6
, L=E =t-ivt/
a lt lt

zL--ltrh ,OO,
2+= oolxfr -,05 )
Ugtnil
4=?;!,,
a'
,Q=,? AS
o?.
55
gxa* la z-ft : (For- pBftcrr ca) ts+ P.tn, p* z 14
A lensile-"rcantov.tJ l.baavn rs +o fu- desiy/ n,
cArr)'N uni{dft\4 d-istvi bvIQn 1n0d oh A iott si"plc-
0*L+"l"lt*'o,^{* is Mu
lo ve- es'c'rieA =5fQOlz-n'
,0o",.
'J:;:*:
";;"hW):i;
;'"Til
rnL^-yeAu)ygnQvw5.glyz
lo^c^-'@1y\onenks,
;";;, -:1
;; :;:," Tuu"*),
co"ncvete At''.en5tons;2
t'

b=??
avn v-' '|L\" ' ;(=;;(
v^)
rtt
;l
y
:!
i= i
i1'
n -{,od,t.ivea
: I#l
une a=2o(.
^xrliLgan
a}hwidspanl.
a'r e t q4tveA a-
rd;F'l ^":h
;;;;; , !'.=4 rEi ,|i=6oYst

Flqs?l qzg '. (oe Pe*crrce) W"t ?'tt3'wsb3't


---+--------
\o as a- bri W
A pveeo'51 a bJl^ \g be-vscA
ou*' o- em d,t ;;;lT/
b= L19t', V6= lL
;iiiX!?$:tr:'
rst
U:;? -
1r=eo
An+ll, A=21/'. iu^- ttr= 6Ksi'
'

L) Uslng, P o'roP.* , Aelexn\ne-lku A*;gn'


' ehQ'.trL o[w'- Vrrd'er
^,orr%r+
it) lt
"/nai4 th< bearn is use/ on & z"&I s'n$e s'vt".
'
in addihonlo i{g oDn
'tW,uxbg anJ ruega''Jal
1"if,tl,-il;f ':'b
I'oads to4a"t"r?*
va-i\
:q+i rf+t , uni{orn sewi ce- Livr-- baa
trlr,.^fa
^t "+ q\t' s5z-t\u rqill
''VZy*\n;1 o{Q-l)
CHAPTER_ 3
SHFAR. AND DIAGoNAL r;rvslcN
57
l-?19:r-l-g ;"t,1 A g ;r^p[y supprled
i""+"nd ^,
|ben"y, 16 in oide hav,n4'an .e-f{eclive- d,eglh 8[ zzi"
i-
eYYies u r l,
Lolo^),
|"-f?-',l
{"48vna lDaA g'4
^rz.'.t
-t o[ t.t(t ^J,^no^
Klft
z" f t .)eav'- sganJ if ;. t" \n{u.Lr ^; !h' ,7' 6L i*
- 'in
oL'lens:,le- sl<n). ;.h eoniivruag r-rr'in l"trt''pleJ
;i l" ^t
thu ev77oi[t.
ktl,, No'3r'qr'
' Gven: {t =4wL '4r=eo

'))
i ca)eu)6je- Ihe- &islancn o* r'hitl" u''e-b
h,,+ ii'ti'eo'*l,*
l?1 ,'qP""s
";"i;;
ii) d*^$ u Ik-U tl*,'^-
-i, *'
,;b *nfrt."*;'+ r nyie-Llh):!^-T.fr::.
acerxd,2l-, ncra,
t
,Qheav) ^ L dr
*.F:ff'A{otcnna-f ^Ltk-^
1r- 1*.L
{n*
fl.) Desi qvu lFu
' o,+,LS sechon anJ 'nk 3++ inla^ta'('
I^\=9't+ k/tt
Sol '.

"r[io]4
| = ?-o'
9.q{to -
--- ?-

Vu--?t'??k
---lico.t )

sFD a;r)
9.77'

g.zz /

purr, Vu =?QK 4 =2Zin


/
v" = 9
Ll
-9.
ZL
l1X IL =7t27 f
Gi,|;.o1,)
Vc =zW bJ =zJWulle, /,22/ooo =4!.5'.
QV.= ,75 X+4'5 = j3'3? K N6{e: For Shefr,f='l{

L) U tk- ,r"syt rud d^sl4^L.L ? 7L +l


6Y,-:Vur>t
-\-
a V7,3? =?4- 9'qx)L
+ )L:6?5 +t
i, LrI lK- ,rl d,,slanc-"* = X +f

ry =vu,T- -7 >L= 8'zz4t


2 v3'72 = ?Q -q'4xx-

u) AL A^slann,l (=vt" ), Vu = 94 -9'Q r# =Tt'??K


K
: +3'+
V5 =\f,_ QV.= 7 '77 -'VSf't+q'S
e

V,* o*= srm-ba = s@ot'{6 rrffitfts


hljg
"'"'\JT-\J
- = g"K
= ?:l'll ='ZL
in-
Ui^2 ,2 12 No 3 bqY, AY
Ir
9Au f, d '75 *.2L166t'2?' 5.oL
xaJ Syaury, S
- av) ll3'tj
f" e
lJr)t-, 9=5
lt

rls
ChecX 'vrin^ s*iu.'q[? -
;tq^*:M:'# = IV'+ .'. 9'.a,=ll" @^A"*on)
i)grrrar* AY4r, : '-zztg_o:??" F IL.5 ) s6") o(.
= Eo b go{-l L
lr
ii,)Snan =
+=+ : tr
iu) 9^or. : ZL( "
5g
t Ch €Lk F1..*^- gt4.
= gtnup,
usin}. s=sn,o env4r{
w ++;;uu,.n"ff; [1TI -t;-=,=:ff
-'Tft}2LEtL=n.{ =
tt 9 i ?qI xxg.e ) x-=4.3, tt \;;", u^-Qv") ,

V77'/ -uKdq I
t'1. otl^,x =4'3t 'lt, unt ,s = s,,"ry
t'
I

oll

Al , L= 3 *+ .,Vr^ = 9q - Lxg'Q = c9'8K


a-4 *
.75
tltt
l"v{, S=&'5" Lll''
/tto
^,-tt
9= f =6'?l al(
oF'

- t-
l*
I

@9" 4- t,re7.sn, @|".( c


9rl
Ll-
z L'9"
@
v33+t *l

,. s Ll ,9+J
€o
Eyanf)e- 2.2- . A sirp1ry snyVovle) nrr)rrryrJ",
euncv$<- beam suypov{i(X uv;[ovr&2 dnstri f*A lnl,
an,A
^a),9"
coyee:tfy alej !"*l . Des;ff*. +hz , ?nb
rcirfoxl.eme*s lA
,

tho.- fivtl- <yi serk'on a'nd


"),
o,l 'L/+ (3qa''let sTan) ftu- Ia4+.:uy6orl.
'G"4"P'*;+&::|
Qven. 4L-- + Kt ' tl =-:? i'.: t
t U'e*?^=.5:l FI,J!.
')
LilJ;I$ sd+vn

b= ll'l

d,=16

3No.g
Mid 'S"'hs
Ean

sd,^Iio^' ..tl/ ___5'3Xl g +b-


. r - 5\.71L

5.,',licnt) =1,,L'L9?

#,, g/ sr=D [rcip)


d=lG' 5e.7

f"rz1v=<L=t'"/
ltL/ = l6.7oK
Arrr'l7rr-
Qu. -.TSFZYi+ooc)
=Xll K
99'
v f^a|= gwbd, =g.[@YrxtLf rooo=

le or
v9 :vu 4u.= l+(' 6?- '7o =29'?sKLg?r-
6l
H
rrtT tz
'r+J[ bJ:++.s'' z?'93'
Us;ry, zte2 No. j ba.Y, 4V ="-f'Il = 'LL 1'61-

'7t{.'Zzx €oxt6 q-2" Ir VSe 5 ".{ c


S= z?.?3
\J)

CAQCK

( Au [t .7L/6eoe =25'3" .'. Srn+ :


;)_/ /nO+- -- gr'i, o.(
'79'W.b @Xrr
G-^Lteil-onu)
onf,' = 2+"
ri)-!^q> -,
'
5ob
-ffi
21r
g
'oi)Jrnor = +:+=
iu) J^o* = Lq"
A+ x={Y'\l t<

-- 5'3x+'5 =2e'85
Vu = 53'a tL
v
F-'' 0- - r?. lal'
l3'l5
z?'85 l&'-1 =
V9 ='Ju - Qv.=
.7Sy'zt-y' (ot'lL : lz,ott
6z
FXan"ple g.g A <.anf t

€-arv: in{ ud,( L,?oir4 loa-J


@nJ
"* ti ? +
lh. funl is sho,n bdo(r. DzS',fl* *he- we-b
tdnt*cernet* J,u" *h;, bo,arr. OY* de *h"- bdan
in *1xee- :tyT fo" delT)-
Gfen: J'.= + KSv 17 =5o Ki
'
ts t' lo
rl tt tlL)
_3No.
10 (!1.
rl [t (LL)
t;rc[t
t,
Cvo g5'- so&oY1

* tt ,4s F/{+
t$, vcsetf-,itT =
: tl-l b rl+L
/Du t. ze+'L75)+l'6y.-3
= z
u1, =lt6'
fu,.+.tnA goi^l ,;;;*, l,L
fu"+ore'I
1r,o&S
11i+,>

sPDU)

bav 04 fwu-Y\ry
liow
67
FrgYYJs.g"':t" A r*1o^taY U rt ,
;A;
;^\t/
',- "4
;A
-
to= tzin anJ f,=zz in syais zo [t tqrn 6 ff*-
ol simyle sv,47ods' Jl i g yain foyel' fot {fexwr<-
t-t *hxo< No.' ll bat E +h"h cohfit.le un inlerruple4
"1"+i.
^i ',' .,nA:,,*ffiu s?an.fl is also fo *r1iff-
; t - ez rlll Qrdu[i"5 sa[ ) ,avrJ ,
bs+ sqrh'c
sheav rert'"frt',--
I*aJ 'ze-r14t'$ns;'6*f,ht
LL= 7
,no-l# usin{ No. g v*{,'.df O stirbufl s' "*-
':';
:;;-*'+l,rdu+ '", +l t t '" ,.hor' ' (ttinfr+ftx=
4
"
kre aE+')
s"+ro(l '
,i, i.lra. o'- , >L= /+ fro^
''(*&; vse. ,v. ' zJJL be)
gfiv^flzz.S-" Qud-s,f fu bean in axaM<-3'Lt
t
-rya'cctavlo %Y,^Adh- V:,
<7'eftat
vc=( ?,t{+zsorry) bd
CtrTI'. allea\t-a-t
Choq4w \ _C^"P+LY 4
? 16 , Tal/-- t. I ?ttg,Ail-+'L
lct A{+l.L rt1 'fi't t*.t
It , Tal t.1-. ,%, \'r,Q'f-l
lq r -bL t.3 ,xlfr'> t{ 'B
tq/A'{r- l'Y q^. k.? 1n) tT)evlvc--
L^L,ftl.l-l6
lla , Ag k.f
z\,n>'l'11
h'1 2.3 ql\^fl,- t
L'( 2 ALL
3*tFi2z.3 Q)'oyW {
4tt Hl-b.
4Q, a,ft- a-. ALI'-
vTto^(T-?- tl (l='c*-+
€z tb/\.'7-'l \
5\ tTaL e"3 kl/L
Ll'GPfov 3
n#',Wrl'i
v1 ,ta-b1'l
gat [1'<r'2
?o, t*.2 .

ao'M3S
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gg ,

7t'frtls+
gL , Fr! 7.t>
loQ>t M.3.9

!ry S+tq atl uif( sg)aL i^povlo^..,.- fo *bovn etliclu


Given Equations
Course no. CE331, Title: Reinforced Concrete Fundamentals

MID-I: WSD
My E f
 ,  s  n c , n  s , r  s
I Ec fc
2 n k n
k   n    2n   n , k  , j  1  , b 
nr 3 2r  n  r 
1
M steel  As f s jd , M Conc.  f c kjbd 2
2
1 M k  d / d
M 1  f c kjbd 2 , As1  1
, f s  2 f s  fs
2 f s jd 1 k
M 2  As 2 f s  d  d   or As f s  d  d   whichever is smaller.
5'h W' ts,frtl)'g O)Lft'Pe
6'h'1 h's'ti h h €'J't''h t-o;"t' W,
fiJpnrfl lNaL{dol=rra(i (Nv ?DvdofrlruV 'CNOA
t z1)dvtt)
I
a
(r,s2LryL f"d)
("'h't='D xoa(l
ab ,,,h <,,rtu'l-- ,,2,1,5'l-- ^a^a)
(,la'.2= th'txz"rO
'xo ,,at_z 1 ,,Z'h'e
tt oN lo 6-?ph Ptuf1
:t,to.'frlos
sdn.rrus seR (et 'orV) l.orV
(ot 'op; e'oN
(ge 'oN) rt 'oN
+--
.,lT -T-J-Trr .E--7
+-
I I illt
l{
LI L-I-L *tf
lo, ll-if --T ec!Fs
. uurnfoS
(ge 'oN) I rory 7 i+-i+ t . .sa;dtuur
(ae'olJ) ot ogrl -+ uffLi'iliJ:l#,'H
L.rr -J g.s gun9lJ
Ga*r'T',s'E Ft>
';rs4 ooaO={7 Puv isloook 'wat'12'llo =',f
T) -?q \16) f^o1 -asrqobau Y"lY04 f 1--raup-fslP
. nwlo
qnv^tvty--+ t*U
. -unvNut\-olL .otw
?r,ql ' ,rtw AvvP
A@p,/
"yt rS.L'tllq '+JsiLhn'
S.f, y+l(n '+Nery "Wta
^W!Z!f q 6nvh *.1 Vg;ru^* ?ttoll*^' ut {o
n ft t
.1Tf r"4s rJn,r,tgs (r, J'oN -u ph\"ur 1;,* -.^B's-P zyl
o
=\ luo,,l,8! =p r,,el= q r,b rwt1u?wi, :,,naa;ul z t.t= 5 V
"'fi
trur?.'{toLd 'ya'n -v\o (zz-og 11'o1 ocn1..,$t, a6.z t! waaL
?L@ u\
'Nq pa+s >agel1au -V+, ,q,lrfoui,
_ %a f :pl"
"::,H,:'_ry?:"!^^|:rrrr uof, ro u,
1,,,0f
"ion".,f
IILB =
rs
d a e, r,A' -,nf.;ff W: :frb*; y ;
(u?s.l
'-gJ a-g9'C
-
lTguq) yw,rcf) dit'R q, Ls =
(p+*unQ I
e't= q) I
€ r =b I prrtf'=^:'Qz
t'5 '+^V vq pfryt| /h.lxo tuo'u€'tra!7o?
i 6lr utTL fufi )I*
f-7 ' ;.-
(t'-,s zllz1) 1.o
r. t nADSl
= ^oytvf ' .-
:Qt: 5.?' 1
+'t5'l - )af\s2 3P-ltli
( T1{t'l+1,
I /r ,,s'h-- i"Gt'-fl nn+li !
,o)l-YPt* uwh]e)
yotoo t{ ' t'szWLT f"d,) i
G^q f"w
lP
(^oq ll 'oQ ,lh'l=
vt Lz
':,",
oooi = ''f
=
t )a-o-g o? ^f
grh_l
e.f=f, h'tx ossogxo'lXQ' WLQ'
o.l =fl
'w"H
-y"awhp*p
sa[ (et 'oll) r'oN
sdrur[s
(ge'oN) 'l I
(Ot 'ott) e'oN rl 'oN .lF
F-.+ -lD
-
-T-T-TTT ,E--7
.,I4; I I llll +-+
l{ tee|p. e
lr_ L-I-L f,-? .T
L,ol J *Pt i+-{+ ords
(ge 'oN) r roN z
rt_lI . uurnpc
t
tllt
J--+ rue'rdora^apd:llT,il?
(ze 'oru) o roN .ll8
uurnlor-ruEeq tB qrqaP
8'S flUn9ld
' s1
ffiv ztwe -\l 4P+' -F'-""r.,:;[''# ;i5';ifl
ntld
i" iribq*" I" ''tfB-'^"I 'rnn^'ut* ?yl PulJ'ut gl 5!
yt+'ir'*-q 1o loq:a,tl? -+ ut Y+Plct' "$re". a\L't'^u'tnloo
'a4S 'ur.Z' 6ur.taax ' too1 P6
fo-zz4 upffno ?q+ o) ^oaP 2+- ot)1l ??+-@+X?
plDP\&|s -o ul Pafptlrur.r?+ ?uD uurnpa
zt 4zp ser4 i^,.+ob" (:z oq rl 'oN 111 ' 1'f ztduoog ul
r.rwhJoa -tl^@q -rq- o,f
K1vJa6 ,*Z:T;iA",r6Jl
Jutof
Ja-
saR (e t 'ott) l'ott
sdnrrns
(ot'oru) g'oN (ge'oN) tt'oN 'l I
ts--l
---
.,"[,-[Fl-,,, -T--T-Trr .E-T +-+
LLE.',J
l t iltll{ teep a,
I f_?
Lor J eqds
t+-i+ uurnpc
(ge 'oN) l I 'oN z I .salduera
i+-l+
l--J tuardolarep ruq rc3 rurof
€e'oN) ot oN uunlor-u?nq tt slFl? .ttg
L.rr'-J TS mtncu
' I qzn'F
]s;o-on'ql -- Lf ' 1fd'ooQ+t--''l V6
-->t tlf> yz,rrr{@x 7+--YPW 'Psso?t+s o4
,\lnt
pu)nC uq k*^5abq f-.tltud' lW'6-'^P'd: ,-r!?t
"1ay{goEi'ou
fo tp1i*nt 4-t"*oJupt" v'at\tuo
55o
6"o ,aqr55zil)l.q) o+ faQnSoq 11rer'uolhatj€,of+
ulul l'?,\v',,Zt GuxnsVav/utuVllv)
"W-Ya'\vl,
lulof u{g.rPn"qt u@) -\o ztp*a -}5n !--apvu^ '7q o+ 5t ?)!
oyl puo'atqlb wolf f toq r.turnp2 (zZ 'otq ol'ot\ n$ W
Ft1ds'aq a+v^v stoYa4 oy1,ryotf
^** :^bq Y!.!.3-93-j.
'011 ,trrsJ 't"\
1 dPuaw3 u,, . (1 o4 6"t.n{-"U * tzf*qx
lpzt:vooq 'Wfn 1+q^q'tD*ntr
(e sey-ffi) ,f6')l: lh '1tzt-
-h.srwt 4P8= o{tuory
+.a) ,,tz'll= th'tr8= +\mqlaa#
,,rwhp2 ?ql ulY+lcn, Yaurpluo)
1
t 1$t4 prt{ka* ulL' >wln4A'o ', 6 t 'z l ' 1" ' +!,.r,
ur o?.*. I -
(".P'se^o tvn2Lx
[ .xfr--YPl
((
'1rovffff^hgap ruu
"J,4,,t sz = #\ z"Ps i.d
\-
"!#*:
'""' ^
tuop @f
hr* 5, r)"T""*#t '>'L
/\' * r. q5 .7 nulQh ' = 7l Oz' --'v?rb
; rn;':;'1]']t^wrp &,
(. rl's W ffi)
ll 4
lh'l xooQ09lSQQQ'-
I 2
{p t9ooQ ' - )ldr]
(q n's W Fa)
(#' #f* f '*o1 ('t orQ ol oN k ,,#"4 z)l tdr zgr_
-SZ= La'l/ ose'?*:Ooo' -ro
,tB€, '7
("us-'6^'D. op
toeo. = .,n
\ ^f
,,st.?z- 't o-ze+ a
P
{ tr sL'?z la,txffi-
-,f A
TTk: j-'ry
ff#ifi"?,*n:P,th,t fa{,&yaoaq@
_/qlt-t t
__
11v 'n tol taaYl
NC]5d QL
s >3IdVH?
1-t r-
JI
lo
6r
3L
g-
1^tng0l;7xo€+"x I& = &J
0)
(t
+ hutzl - by "-
.-,-*1 7 6L=- 8ll?
:n
qe'
( avo **10
o-
r =o
,t 8t =-[
,r8t ' gl=ty
e{s t tt
a.r
3 {$
€.
o
o
n
I
"t-t t
a' >
o |
o
g)

+ fra) ,,?I4 b"


cr e:z1of.l
*J L-
-= ffi '-
'.oNarJ
*,vaq1.nffnff> ^dyt . do.frrlot
(q)
"zL
-1 F-
I
_T
,o-,2
_t 'alduexe
,gZ
-*_____.i utrsap uols-Jot puu JBaqS
zI't gungl.N
1 :adnqo s'dunrJnurs grgu3NoJ.{o Nglsgo WI
-*,\*r ]L&:r: ;i,t^{
*,i:!$31 A;' :.F^iffi
'r..1S{.i s11aa1s dnuils !" Vrorlua2 u+o4,s'>tvf;.ns *Ya
--w-}'wo,tt aruo+sozw P\ta ' vtt s'17 5 t P lol+uat pqa yvt''nxoll
lqa dlSdai;h,+nW -aq--ztw*lns urf;Jfir;"W *tt
-ryii'xfrHq lifl \' ::'mff N^{,r,1! ur
;,Ht' :, r
.^v+\t;r, vvaq-W +5d )11 {nttranal,lura Wl' -,rY+llouot/4 ?
SaJuu? <tnyaq uqoqs u,@q vvds +f az rql Tl"3 ?lffiiJ
tI
-7>
I + I ,"(+rtro)x5.s -- +?t b,UT
.
(ecc"nfri.i|7 = s-)+'r=z,x)i.) LL or,ito-t" a r"i'lo is.s = +ko,yftt
'.
Dire.,l load oh bea,n
-Ba,- s€ll "{'{(\Dxrso ==liffiit
.'. UIL ol4 bnA^
6o&"a)-

?r, ft-kips
g,l
I
42.6 .l

I'
I
I

I
I

L_-- _t
I

14'-----;

SFD ^ ,..r -TovsionTio1'


.-

Tosionor uDL
=e3sx ,.or't'Wtu-rLl{t^* 2-s ,-2. e K-|t
G',,*nel)
-'
- '/ ^"-
z! =3a.q K -) T'a --3'oQ/" a =s
.'.Vu = z'815/-'-
A+ lgla^.^-'J', W'r'+z'), ^,,,r',rl -zl.z t -*t
. . l2'?J- K ', Tu -- *Lor' t+
Vu = Z?'9* jq -- 3t4.Ll

t f77 A..+

: z?!-
tx&l<,66
/\ D= s qz v++ (TuQz'Lk','
,ooo
9 oau' t ebngiJqol
r bz
= '75..1
lD}5 / ..^n(iaer*{
-' ' Torsf on rrursf

Nw. nq,la.-hryrL fto^Z-fwl ,lL snAo' $v '*l'rtuf,


Mi'fot, - o N&.: s.liuv.p oill nO b'--
!;'*ra^!'-
ilpfe?^,1
LW
Jl-#.,"l
7i
!
I

-73-
= tr-ztt4s = bL 'h = - r1t,4t = ,t"
-'Xp ",t
A"h= 8.S/ Lo.S = lTq ili-

*.t *leIV fffr. sn-hD!^ la"J' E1^ l'tL()

ffi=W-osLYx . a-She& eP'l'> \


q ffi
ieW.) qr?'E;;*""7,=r,
.--\ sg Kr"
yi oK
\
J *-gq}t * nl{)=
H<te t
Jvow > ']t s A1-is ct*+ ofie 1.2 ol
A,:
t Stir"t, &t tr..h'on
3T-L>tzz< S Ao :'7-SAon ='TSflVLt = Llg itY
:
z{nlflt'tg*eof I
-'o'== Lo l<ei
.hV
,b77' g 4s' CGrddnro-d)
o Tt^::;.*'L v-ft
d( t'
Qv. = .?s/{sDoo {wzt's/6o
-_4,Lr K
'' Ayt -= S;4Y-
=-flf,-v d

--6goxLt.f
(gq: ,oo727t s
.q'-,--+'):
'oo?89 s :^o]'t12 s
= el'
il":;r'oz3s+
zAy+ Av
;;";;, t b*, Q1%) =.'r 3:J,
,

XCJxp:y'
la\
m4 Sgun5 t

Uql^) )
'"X;1$ Wt:m^e"'t ' e4 s;77)
,o73Sx5 t* ft rr l = l-"Lt
in*
=
-7+-
u (Q"1 . e1,uJ.ts)
f>t
6o
56uo{z?e '0735x a8/ eo
Co g-a-rc
Hu*, h+/S ='Oo\t
-- .3? in* L 41 ok.
* t^\n) ='zrb^/ t-r"

A1 l^+ Lop, bol *?d-


, (L-
k) = zt ftZ/Codrcru
= 'ooS ('oolf ok

L baY

7tro. L
Jnc'tentP -t D

I r i..9
t4'65iYr D
l-)rfl^-

bfuo* baY -
RCC Useful Informations

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