Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Module 2
Module 2
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
Chapter 2
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
Classification Behavior
HABITUAL A motorized (automatic/routine) behaviour usually
manifested (show) in language and emotion.
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
Self Actualization
Esteem Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs
1. Biological and physiological needs: food, drink, air, warmth, sex, sleep
2. SAFETY NEEDS- security, order, law, stability, freedom from fear, protection from the elements
3. LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS NEEDS- affection and love from work group, family, friends, peers;
romantic relationships; friendship; intimacy
4. ESTEEM NEEDS- achievement, independence, mastery, status, dominance, self-respect, prestige,
and respect from others
5. SELF-ACTUALIZATION NEEDS- realization of one’s personal potential and self-fulfillment, seeking
personal growth and peak experiences
1. NEUROLOGICAL- This perspective emphasizes human actions in relation to events that take place
inside the body, especially the brain and the nervous system
2. BEHAVIORAL- This view focuses on the external activities that can be observed and measured.
3. COGNITIVE- This perspective studies how the brain processes and transforms information in various
ways
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
4. PSYCHOANALYTICAL- This view emphasizes unconscious motives stemming from repressed sexual
and aggressive impulses in childhood
5. HUMANISTIC- This perspective focuses on the subject’s experiences, freedom of choice, and strong
motivation to achieve self-actualization
Physical Causes-These refers to natural causes, like typhoon, and earthquakes, fire, flood and storm.
Social Conflicts- These are restrictions or rules in the home, school, workplace, and community
Economic Conflicts- These result from one’s inability to acquire material things because of poverty or
other financial obligations.
Sensations- These re feelings or impressions of stimuli that may be delivered via the following sources:
Olfactory – smell
Cutaneous – touch
Auditory – hearing
Gustatory – taste
Visual – sight
Perception- the person’s knowledge of a given stimulus which largely help to determine the actual
behavioral response in a given situation. (Knowledge of stimulus)
Awareness- the psychological activity that occurs in accordance with the interpretation and experience
of various stimuli.
ATTRIBUTES OF BEHAVIOR
ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
o APPROPRIATENESS- assessment of not only the behavior itself but also the situation in which it is
happening
1. Personality Disorder- a type of mental disorder in which you have a rigid and unhealthy pattern of
thinking, functioning and behaving. A person with a personality disorder has trouble perceiving
and relating to situations and people. This causes significant problems and limitations in
relationships, social activities, work and school.
Classification Characteristics
2. Neuroses- Neuroses or psychoneuroses are behavioral disorders that are brought about by
emotional tension resulting from conflicts, repression, frustration, or insecurity.
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
As we have learned earlier, human behaviors are influenced by different factors. The following
factors may be considered important considerations when evaluating and individual suffering from
neurosis:
3. Hysteria- This disorder is a type of anxiety reaction, in which the individual manifests one or more
symptoms that are often associated with organic disease. Disabilities that may develop from this
disorder include paralysis of the limbs, deafness, blindness, intense aches and pains, continuous
vomiting, loss of voice, and head or hand tremors
Forms of Hysteria
A. AMNESIA- This is a disorder wherein the individual cannot recall his or her name and
remembers little or nothing about the past in varying levels of intensity.
TYPES OF AMNESIA
Anterograde- this is the inability to retain information, which has just been seen or
read.
Retrograde- This refers to the inability to recall any event (and details thereof) that
took place during a certain period of time.
Localized-The inability to recall events and details that are related to a particular
situation.
B. FUGUE- This is a type of amnesia wherein one wanders away from his or her home or usual
surroundings; often, the person has no recollection as to how he/she came to be there when
awareness sets in.
Multiple Personality- This is a dramatic form of hysteria, in which the patient develops two or
more separated and very distinct personalities.
C. SOMNAMBULISM- This is a dreamlike state in which the person walks about and carries on certain
activities that he eventually fails to remember when he wakes up.
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
Forms of Psychastenia
A. PHOBIA- This refers to an irrational o exaggerated fear of an object, person, act or situation.
Examples of Phobias
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
Kinesophobia
Kopophobia
Lygophobia
Mersophobia
Mysophobia
Microphobia
Nyctophobia
Ocholophobia
Odontiatophobia
Ophiophobia
Opthalomophobia
Onomatophobia
Panophobia
Paralipophobia
Pathophobia
Philophobia
Phobophobia
Pyrophobia
Pyrotophobia
Selenophobia
Telephonophobia
Trophophobia
Thanotophobia
Tryoophobia
Zenophobia
Zoophobia
B. OBSESSION- This refers to an idea or series of ideas that recur very frequently that they
interfere with the ability of an individual to think and/or function normally.
5. Psychoses- This are serious mental illnesses that are characterized by unpredictable behavior
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
A. SCHIZOPHRENIC DISORDER
The word “schizophrenia” comes from Greek words “schizo” meaning split and “phrene”
meaning mind; hence, the term is used to describe the fragmented state of mind of
people suffering from such a disorder.
Types of Schizophrenia
Simple Schizophrenia- This manifests in a gradual decline of interest and ambition. The person
withdraws from almost all social contacts and becomes increasingly irritable and inattentive.
Paranoid Schizophrenia- This marked by hallucinations and delusions that are illogical and
loosely organized, as well as grandiose and/or persecutory in nature.
B. AFFECTIVE DISOREDER
Affective reactions of manic-depressive psychosis are often characterized by periods of
depression or elation or both. Affective Disorder- refer to a set of psychiatric diseases,
the symptoms for which may vary depending on each individual
Depression- This is often characterized by feelings of extreme hopelessness and sadness. This
episodes may last anywhere from several days or even weeks.
Bipolar Disorder- This refers to a state wherein the person experiences alternating periods of
depression and periods of mania, which is the feeling of being extremely positive and active.
Anxiety Disorder- The different types of anxiety disorders are all characterized by feelings of
anxiety, fear, and nervousness.
C. Paranoia
This is another type of psychotic reaction, the main symptom of which is characterized
by suspicion
Types of Paranoia
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
Persecutory Paranoia- This refers to having delusions of persecution. The person believes that
some people are plotting to harm him/her in some way.
Litigious Paranoia- This refers to having delusions of both persecution and grandeur; a person
may go to great lengths to bring alleged persecutors to court.
Erotic Paranoia- Also called amorous paranoia, this refers to having delusions that a certain
person is in love with him/her.
Exalted Paranoia- Having grandiose delusions and believes himself/herself as someone with
great power or importance, usually a social reformer or religious crusader.
Jealous Paranoia- The state of having extreme and irrational jealousy.
D. Anti-Social Personality
A person with an anti-social personality is a mentally-disturbed person who is opposed
to the normal principles upon which a society is based.
6. SEXUAL DEVIANCY
Sexuality
o The behavior associated with the relation between sexes and their respective
reproductive organs.
Normal Sexuality
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
o A kind of sexual behavior that seeks stimulation and gratification by means of other than
normal, heterosexual norms.
Types Characteristics
Sexual Anesthesia Absence of sexual desire or arousal during sexual act in women
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H U M A N B E H A V I O R A N D V I C T I M O L O G Y
URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
Types Characteristics
Oralism (Irrumation) The use of mouth as a way of sexual gratification, such as fellatio,
cunnilingus, and anilingus
Sado-Masochism Pain or cruel acts as a factor for gratification, such as sadism and
(Algolagnia) masochism
Types Characteristics
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URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta
As to Visual Stimulus
Types Characteristics
Voyeurism A form of sexual perversion that is characterized by compulsion to
covertly look at a person undress or perform other activities
As to Numbers
Types Characteristics
Froilism A form of sexual perversion, in which three persons participate in the
sexual orgy
Types Characteristics
Indecent Exposure Willful exposure of one’s genital organs in public places and in
(Exhibitionism) the presence of other persons, usually those of the opposite
sex.
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