THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF PARENTAL SEPARATION IN ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENTS BY THE SELECTED STUDENTS AT

PHILIPPINE MUSLIM TEACHERS' COLLEGE: THE CASE OF BATCH 2022
TO 2023

Present to:
Ms. RAINISAH AGASOR DILINOGUN
Faculty, Department of Social Work
Philippine Muslim Teachers' College
Marawi city, Lanao Del Sur, Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Course Requiements in the Subject

Research 01 Development of Research Design

3rd Semster, A.Y. 2022-2023

BSSW-NBR1

By

Mama, Johanie B.

Dalupang, Fairoz M.

Tambidan, Amarah M.

Mosrifah, Tarosan S.

Rangaig, Sorayah M.

May 2023
 CHAPTER 1

I. INTRODUCTION

Background study of the study

Parental separation has been associated with reduced cognitive development and
educational performance. Since parental separation can result in multiple negative effects,
including perceived guilt, blame, stressors, and diminished resources for the children, it is not
surprising that parental separation has also been reported to negatively affect a child’s
motivation, engagement, and learning-related behavior in the classroom.However, others studies
have found that divorce may adversely affect adolescents more than elementary school-age
children or that the child’s age did not alter the effect of divorce on academic achievement.
Lastly, very few studies have focused on the effect of parental separation on very young
children.

Parents are thereby faced with the problem of enriching their home environment so as to
establish a positive effect on the student’s academic performance in schools (Castro-Martin &
Bumpass, 2009).Udansky and Wolf (2008) identified single parenting as a major problem on the
rise. Parent separations is a common phenomenon in the community today, but still represent a
major life stressor for the individuals involved, with potentially strong negative consequences for
the mental and physical health of all members of the family. The effect of separation on child
academic performance has been the subject of research attention for several decades, and has
long been viewed as the cause of a range of serious and enduring behavioural and emotional
problems in children and adolescents (Kelly & Emery, 2003).Park and Kim (2003) argued that
the mother traditionally’ play substantial role in the care of the family.

One would expect that a negative effect of parental separation on school performance
should also be apparent in children who were delivered preterm, in light of the vulnerability of
this population. Preterm births are indeed associated with lower educational performances.
Preterm children are at risk of achieving lower cognitive test scores, and their level of immaturity
is directly proportional to the mean cognitive scores at school age. To our knowledge, the effect
of parental separation on the school performance of children who were delivered preterm has not
been investigated to date. Parental separation due to relocation of one of the parent place of
abode could result is characterized by infidelity, mistrust, neglect of parental responsibility, lack
of love and commitment to members of the family, being insensitive to partners emotional
disturbance and so on. This motion that many people have had jeopardized a lot of families
resulting to separation of various types which invariably contributed to the negative effect on the
children among which is poor performance in the schools.Nowadays, children are be left to
suffer the effects of this social evil of parents separation. Common observations by some people
have led same writers to behave that one of the greatest functions of the parents which is
childrearing or parenting is becoming an illusion since separation is prevalent in this our
contemporary times indeed, parental separation posed a lot of teething problems in child rearing
among which are indiscriminate delinquent behaviour, lack of discipline among the youths, evil
association, cultism, prostitution and given poor academic performance in school works and
examinations
 II. STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study is intended to explore the negative impact of parental separation in
academic performance of the students.

1. To determine the relationship between parental separation and academic performance of the
students.

2. To examine various reasons for parental separation.

3. To identify the effects of parental separation on students.

4. To identify effect of parental separation to the behavior of the students in social relationship.

III. HYPOTHESIS

Based on the objectives of the study the following hypothesis are formulated.

1. There will be significant relationship between parental separation and students academic
performance
2. There will be significant relationship between parental separation in social relationship
of the student.

IV. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

There are some theoretical that guided this research.

Broken Home Theory

The broken home theory is therefore a single-parent family that is believed by early
sociologists as well as the government, to be not as effective as a two-parent family. This idea is
based solely on the structure of the family and the fact that two parents are better than one. "A
broken family is one that includes unhealthy or severed relationships within the family unit,"
explains Anderson. "They are often associated with divorce but certainly can occur in an intact
family where various members are in conflict with or estranged from each other."

Social Cognitive Theory

Social cognitive theory is one of the most frequently applied theories of health behavior
(Baranowski et al., 2002). SCT posits a reciprocal deterministic relationship between the
individual, his or her environment, and behavior; all three elements dynamically and reciprocally
interact with and upon one another to form the basis for behavior, as well as potential
interventions to change behaviors (Bandura, 1977a, 1986, 2001). Social cognitive theory has
often been called a bridge between behavioral and cognitive learning theories, because it focuses
on the interaction between internal factors such as thinking and symbolic processing (e.g.,
attention, memory, motivation) and external determinants (e.g., rewards and punishments) in
determining behavior. Bandura's social cognitive theory postulates reciprocal interactions among
personal, behavioral, and social/environmental factors. Researchers in this tradition have
investigated the operation of vicarious, symbolic, and self-regulatory processes, in the various
ways that individuals interact with their environments and one another.A key point is that
persons seek to develop a sense of agency for being able to exert a large degree of control over
important events in their lives. Among the influential variables affecting one's sense of agency
are self-efficacy, outcome expectations, goals, and self-evaluations of progress. We can expect
further refinements in the theory as researchers apply this agentic perspective to human
functioning in diverse areas in education and other domains.

Family System Theory

Bowen family systems theory is a theory of human behavior that view the family as an
emotional unit and uses system thinking ro describe the complex interaction in the unit. It is the
nature of a family that it's members are intensely connected emotionally. Family members so
profoundly affect each thoughts, feeling, and actions that it often seems as if people are living
under the same "emotional skin". People solicit each others attention, approval, and support and
react to each other need. Expectations and distress. The connectedness and reactivity make the
functioning of family members interdependent. When the family members get anxious the
anxiety can escalate by spreading infectiously among them.as anxiety goes up, the emotional
connectedness of family member becomes more stressful than comforting. This explain the
relationship between family structure and student academic achievement.

Attachment Theory

According to Attachment Theory, early emotional bonds are critical in creating different
kinds of attachment between a child and the primary caregiver. The resulting emotional
attachment becomes the internal working model of the child influencing their own emotions and
intimate rerelationship.Attachment theory focuses on relationships and bonds (particularly long-
term) between people, including those between a parent and child and between romantic
partners. It is a psychological explanation for the emotional bonds and relationships between
people. Attachment theory is a sophisticated and complex theory of the development of
personality and capacity for close, romantic relationships, emotional stress coping, and many
other things later in a child’s life.

V. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study would be able to throw more light on the delicacy and sensitive influence of
parental separation on students and the need for parents to unanimously play their indispensable
and very crucial role of promoting children’s development through effective parenting. This
would go a long way in enhancing better academic achievement of the students. It will also help
the single parent to be fully aware of the task as to full the vacuum created by the absence of the
other parents. Besides, the study will reveal the negative influence of parental separation and
how this could be maximally prevented from affecting the students academic performance .

A study of the nature is significant in many aspects of the study intended to be beneficial to
students, teachers, parents, school Administrationa and other researchers.

Students. this study provides a thick description of the effect of broken marriage on the academic
performance of students.

Teacher. This knowledge would help teachers to appropriate the plight of children coming from
this kind of families and diem best how to handle them in the class activities.
Parents. The result of this study could help the students realize the importance of parents in their
learning process.

School Administration. The findings of this study will help the school Administration in
planning and implementing programs to benefits.

Other researchers. This study could be use in some other studies as a date reference and may
impart useful concepts to other researchers in expanding related studies of this field.

VI. SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study focuses on the negative impact of parents separation to Academic

Performance of students in Philippine Muslim teacher's college. The data collection will b
econducted to fiftly randomly selected students in Philippine Muslim teacher's college S/Y
2022-2023 who will represent the population. This study will not cover other problems that are
not consider as one of the stressors and depressants. Each of the respondents is given the same
questionnaires to answer. The results of this study will be applicable only to the respondents of
this study and will not be used as a measure to the negative impact of parents separation to the
academic performance of the students who do not belong to the population of this study. The
mainsource of data will be the questionnaire, which is prepared by the researchers.

VII. DEFINITION OF TERMS

 Parent: A person who begets or brings forth offspring
 Students: A person formally engaged in learning, especially one enrolled in a school or
college
 Separation: A separation is an arrangement, often a legal one, by which two married
people stop living together as husband and wife.
 Academic performance: Academic achievement or academic performance is the extent
to which a student, teacher or institution has attained their short or long-term educational
goals.
 Divorce: Is the process of terminating a marriage or marital union. Divorce usually
entails the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage,
thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law
of the particular country or state.
 Development: Is a process that ensures good quality of life to all the people in terms of
happiness, harmony and satisfaction of essential needs.