Collaboration part

Collaboration is the method and strategy of working together to achieve a common goal. Collaboration
by its simplest form is getting individuals, who may or may not have similar interests, to work together
in an organized endeavor to a satisfying and most appropriate group end. And also Collaboration means
working smarter together, rather than harder alone. Collaborative approaches are foundational to
effective pedagogy in education, as well as in the way schools themselves function in an increasingly
networked world. The ability to work effectively with others is a key element of employability and a key
desirable outcome of a successful educational system. Those who can work in teams and who can use
and promote a ‘collective intelligence’ are often sought-after employees, as well as effective leaders in
education and business settings. Collaboration requires working with specific intent, an agreement to a
common purpose or goal, and to a common way of achieving that. Through working closely together
and working towards a well-understood and aligned vision, members of a team can maximise their
efforts. The focus is generally on improvement, and often some form of critical reflection supports the
development of collective skill and expertise. Groups of two or more learners work together to solve
problems, complete tasks, or learn new concepts. Learners work with each other on projects, where
they must collaborate as a group to understand the concepts being presented to them. Through
defending their positions, reframing ideas, listening to other viewpoints and articulating their points,
learners will gain a more complete understanding as a group than they could as individuals. Each
developer has their own part of the code to develop, but their work will only be successful if everybody
learns and performs their part properly. Even though each person has a separate role in the work, the
entire group has a stake in the success of others. In collaborative learning, individual participants must
also take responsibility for their team learning and succeeding, but their roles, resources, and
organisation is left up to them. This is distinct from unstructured group work. Some collaborative
learning approaches put pairs, groups or teams of mixed attainment to work in competition with each
other in order to drive more effective collaboration. There is some evidence that collaboration can be
supported with competition between groups, but this is not always necessary, and can lead to learners
focusing on the competition rather than the learning it aims to support. Most of the positive approaches
include the promotion of talk and interaction between learners. Generally Collaboration is a partnership;
a union; the act of producing or making something together. Collaboration can take place between two
people or many people, strangers or best friends. To collaborate is to commit to the possibility of
producing an outcome greater than one that would be developed.

2) applying the above idea

Yes of course.

To Avoid misunderstanding when we do our project I have been Using the following techniques By
Communicating clearly, stick to the key points:- When I am explaining tasks to team members, stick to
the main points. I have been cleared and concised, and I try to avoid confusing the issue by including
irrelevant details or wandering off the topic. I have been quite clear about what we need and expect and
provide specific dates or times for when tasks should be completed. By Focusing on the conversation at
hand: Whenever we were engaging with group members, we gave each other complete attention. It is a
lot easier for misunderstandings to occur when we allow ourselves to be distracted by phone calls,
incoming emails or interruptions from other staff members. By Catching up with individuals after group
meetings: When we're just held a group meeting to discuss important plans or a new Chapters, I don’t
simply assume that everyone in attendance understands what I need to do. I Take the time to catch up
with each member of the project team to confirm that we all know what our role is and how we fit into
the bigger picture. This investment of our time at an early stage can prevent a high misunderstanding at
a later stage. I am active listener: Good communication doesn’t just involve what we say. It also hinges
on how well we listen to others in order to absorb information. No matter how busy I am, whenever the
group members comes to me with a query, I pay close attention to what they are saying.
Communication, whether we speaking to someone or to a group or sending an email or text needs to be
clear to be understood. In our project work we used this strategy to avoid miscommunications.
Communication means not just speaking, but listening and understanding. When we can, take time to
jot down our key thoughts and intentions so that when we speak or write, we’re focused. If we have
information to share, prepare handouts or attach pertinent documents for reference. When we’re
emailing, we use a clear subject heading and keep our message focused by using headings and bullets as
appropriate. It’s also help to pause and reflect is there something you know about this situation, or that
you take for granted as common sense or basic knowledge that our audience might not know. If so, we
need to explain our thinking before people will understand our message.It’s very beneficial for our
group members a to understand how personality affects communication styles. By not avoiding
uncomfortable topics. We have been honest and direct. By Paying special attention to communicating
when team members have a discussion. We have been very clear about things like deadlines or
expectations, using calendar reminders or project management apps so we’re never saying, I thought
that was clear. Using more than one way to communicate, a combination of email, phone and helps to
build in some camaraderie. By Maintaining our sense of calm. It’s easy for our members to react.

3) challenges

The're are some challenges in our project work. Some of the major in our project work is listed below:
Scheduling conflict often create roadblocks to getting started or continuing with projects. Sometimes
Group members feel others aren’t compromising or taking each other’s situations into consideration.
Uneven group members contribution occurs sometimes when other courses has mid exam. If uneven
group member contribution continue the results in tension within the group and feels unfair to group
members. But we're controlling this by communicating each other as much as possible as we can.
Sometimes the conflicting expectations arise when group activities are loosely defined. sometimes some
of our group members strive for perfection, while others simply want to pass. Other opportunities for
discord arise when discussing deadlines. But we're have been controlling this challenges as much as
possible. Sometimes the group is cohesive but still unable to make progress. Sometimes they get stuck
or hit a mental roadblock. This lack of progress can be discouraging and lead us to procrastination or
avoidance. groupthink can be prevented through a little intentionality. Isolation of a Group Member: We
can start as an effort to increase the diversity of each group, minimizing the likelihood of group member
falling into the groupthink mentality. We Consider the pre-project solutions below to avoid the isolation
of a group member and use the mid-project corrections if a the group member comes to us with a
concern. Some group members may be quieter than others, but if members are not contributing at all
this is a problem. We Try to find out why they're not participating, but don't be confrontational.
Remember to reassure all members that their opinions are valid. We encourage group members to
contribute to discussions, it may help to work around the group and ask everyone to contribute their
ideas. This will encourage our group members to work together, and remove the focus on individual
members. Lacking focus: Sometimes our group members is struggling to focus on their work, ask
everyone to talk through the tasks they are trying to complete. Missing deadlines: Sometimes our group
members don't Make sure they discuss tasks with our group and establish firm deadlines for completing
those tasks. All group members shouldn't agree on these deadlines before we start work. When our
group is struggling to meet deadlines, ask everyone to discuss our progress each meeting so the group
can't track overall progress and adjust deadlines if needed. we have been trying to control this challenge
and try to make sure we reassess deadlines as we're approaching and provide help to any group
members who need it. lack of leadership motivation and organization also occur when we try to do our
project. When there’s a lack of leadership, motivation and organization in a group, the group’s overall
performance suffers. We have been trying to control this challenges as much as possible.

4) Impostor syndrom

Impostor syndrome means the internal of feeling like a phony in some area of our life, despite any
success that we have achieved in that area. The person have imposter syndrome iconsistently
experiencing self-doubt, even in areas where we typically excel. Imposter syndrome may feel like
restlessness and nervousness, and it may manifest as negative self-talk. Symptoms of anxiety and
depression often accompany imposter syndrome. Imposter syndrome is not a diagnosable mental
illness. Instead, the term is usually narrowly applied to intelligence and achievement, although it also
has links to perfectionism and the social context. The're many types of impostor syndrome. The few of
them are listed below. The imposter syndrome involves believing that we must be the hardest worker
or reach the highest levels of achievement possible and, if we don't, we are a fraud. Characteristics of
Imposter Syndrome: Some common characteristics of imposter syndrome include: An inability to
realistically assess our competence and skills, attributing our success to external factors, berating our
performance, fear that we won't live up to expectations, overachieving, sabotaging our own success,
self-doubt, setting very challenging goals and feeling disappointed when we fall short and etc. Impact of
Imposter Syndrome For some people, impostor syndrome can fuel motivation to achieve, but this
usually comes at the cost of experiencing constant anxiety. core beliefs about yourself are so strong
that they don't change, even when there is evidence to the contrary. The thought process is that if you
do well, it must be the result of luck. Some traits or characteristics that might play a role include: Self-
efficacy refers to your belief in your ability to succeed in any given situation. Neuroticism is one of the
big five personality dimensions that is linked to higher levels of anxiety, insecurity, tension, and guilt.
You might be in a conversation with someone and feel as though they are going to discover your social
incompetence. Or you may be delivering a presentation and feel as though you just need to get through
it before anyone realizes you really don't belong there. Eventually, anxiety worsens and may lead to
depression. The problem with impostor syndrome is that the experience of doing well at something
does nothing to change your beliefs. This makes sense in terms of social anxiety if we received early
feedback that we were not good in social or performance situations. This sets up a vicious cycle, in
which you think that the only reason you survived that class presentation was that you stayed up all
night rehearsing. Or you think the only reason you got through that party or family gathering was that
you memorized details about all the guests so you would always have ideas for small talk. With imposter
syndrome, the feeling of being an outsider is caused by internal beliefs. With discrimination, the feeling
is caused by the actions of others.

5) systematic thinking

The term systematically means working according to a fixed plan, system, or methodology. I like to think
of things like standard processes as being more systematic. If a team is acting systematically, our work is
methodical, planful, or strategic. Systematic thinking is a way of making sense of the complexity of the
world by looking at it in terms of wholes and relationships rather than by splitting it down into its parts.
And also Systematic thinking is understanding how different parts of a system can influence one another
within a whole. Systematic thinking, unlike analytical thinking, requires multiple skill sets to establish a
holistic view of a system and explain its behavior. systematic thinking focuses more on the effect each
element has on the system as a whole. It can then be used to understand how it behaves and the impact
it has. Applying the lessons of systemic thinking in our professional and personal life can help us solve
recurring and pervasive challenges. In contrast to regular analysis methods that usually isolate different
components of a system to find solutions, systemic thinking involves studying all components and their
influence on each other together. Businesses and large organisations usually deploy systemic thinking
tools and methods to find a resolution to long-standing complex problems. This approach is useful in
solving challenges that remain unsolved despite efforts to identify the cause and effect patterns.
According to this interdisciplinary approach, all systems comprise interdependent parts that change with
their time, space and other factors. The purpose of the systemic thinking approach is to identify the
synergies between these parts and prescribe the right behaviour of these different elements. Systematic
thinking is about investigating what set of factors and interactions are contributing to or could
contribute to a possible outcome. Systematic thinking is useful in helping teams become more aware of
how they’re interacting with each other and within the team, and it helps them understand the
outcomes they’re producing. Systems thinking enables seeing complex situations and experiences as a
whole. Systems thinking, thinking types, systems thinking tools, and levels of understanding are all part
of the overall process for understanding complex systems. systematic thinking is a great tool to remind
us to always consider the bigger picture, Another key characteristic of systems thinking is the
willingness to ask the right questions. A willingness to ask the right questions and consider all possible
answers, as well as taking the time to experiment to find the answers rather than guess at the answers
ourselves, is key. Systematic thinking helps each person manage different perspectives to bring them
together in the best possible way. Systematic thinking is learning to identify the result you want and
create a structured path to realize it. Understanding the system is critical before we can create the
design.
Part two

1) general concept

We are doing the Design of Woliso Water Supply project. We are already completed the Four Chapters
of our project. As we all know the project process is starts by Introduction that contain General overview
of the project. The next Chapter of our project is Chapter three and it's The population forecasting and
Design period Estimation. The second and most important topic in our project work is population
forecasting. Population forecasting is very important to design the Water Supply system that much the
demand of the community upto end of the design period safely. After all we get at 2042 GC the
population size is 241,547. So when we do the Water demand assessment we used this size of
population. The Fourth chapter of our project is The Assessment of Water Demand. Under this chapter
we tried to mention the different types of demands. And these includes:- domestic water demand,
Commercial water demand and industrial water demand, Loss due to leaking joints, Open taps on
unauthorized tapping of water, Fire water demand, Animal demand, peripheral water demand. The first
demand assessment is Domestic water demand. When we do domestic water demand we have been
identified the per capita water demand depending on population size and living standards of Woliso
town according to standards for urban of Ethiopia. . After identifying the mode of service we carry out
the Domestic Demand Adjustment Factors. the average domestic demand shall be adjusted based on
the socio-economic study revelations and prevailing climatic conditions of the study area. The first one is
Adjustment for Socio-economic Conditions. The socioeconomic conditions play great role on the amount
of water consumption. The socio-economic adjustment factor of Woliso town is 1.05 has been adopted
according to urban condition of Ethiopia. The second adjustment factor is Adjustment for Climate. The
water consumption is vary depending on the climate condition of the area which is less in area where
the average temperature is low and high where temperature is very high. Accordingly, Woliso town falls
under Mean Annual Temperature between 15 & 20. Hence the climatic factor of 1.0 is considered. By
considering these adjustments we carried out the Average Domestic Day demand for Woliso town. After
we concluded the Average Domestic Day demand we carried out the Non domestic day demand. Under
non domestic we carried out Public & Institutional Water Demand. The public and institutional water
demand is usually expressed as the percentage of the average day domestic water demand and we
assumed 10% of domestic water demand. The second non domestic water demand is Commercial water
demand. The water required for restaurants, shopping centers, local drinks, and other commercial
purposes, is classified as commercial water demand. therefore, it is we considered 10% of domestic
water demand for commercial. The another non domestic water demand we carried out is industrial
water demand. we considered to take 5% of domestic water demand for industry by considering more
small scale industries expansion in the future due to development of the town. The another non
domestic water demand is Peripheral Water Demand. Thus, an additional demand which is assumed to
be in the order of 5% of the domestic demand has been applied to account for this demand. The
another non domestic water demand that we carried out is fire fighting demand. water demand for
firefighting is usually taken as 10 to 15% of the service reservoir volume. We take 10% of domestic water
demand. The another non domestic water demand assessment is Animal demand. The livestock water
demand is considered where there are no traditional water sources available such as rivers and streams
within a radius of 5km from the area to be considered for water supply provision. However, Woliso town
has perennial streams within 5km radius in and around the town such as Walga, Ribu and Ejersa Rivers.
Therefore, the livestock water demand has not been considered from municipal water supply. The
another important demand is non revenue water demand. Based on the national guidelines for urban
water supply unaccounted for water estimation of Woliso town water supply system is 25%. After
considering all these demands we carried out the adjustment of total Daily water demand for Woliso
town. After adjustment of Total average day demand we have carried out the Maximum day demand
and hourly peak demand. The maximum day water demand is considered to meet water consumption
changes with seasons and days of the week. The ratio of the maximum daily consumption to the mean
annual daily consumption is the maximum day factor. The proposed maximum day factor usually varies
between 1.0 & 1.3 as per the design criteria. Hence a maximum day factor of 1.2 is taken in this design
of Woliso town water supply project. The peak hour demand is the highest demand of any one hour
over the maximum day. It represents the daily variations in water demand resulting from the behavioral
patterns of the local population. Experience clearly demonstrates that the peak hour factor is greater for
a smaller population. After calculating the Maximum day demand for 2042 G.C we will design the
reservoir that have capacity to store the water for maximum day demand of 2042.

2) percentage

We have completed Above 40% of the our project. Forecasting the population and identifying the design
period, assessment of Water demand is the main part of designing water supply project

3) who did what

Honestly we have been doing the design of Woliso town water supply project with all group members.
However, some part of our project may contributed by someone and the other part is by another
member and so on. When I come to who did what I try to state as follows:- Abdulbasit Ababiya
contributed the population forecasting part especially the selection of the method of forecasting
population. And it is stated as follows:- Population forecasting In the design of a water supply scheme,
after deciding the design period the next step is to determine population in various times. Several
methods are present, but it should be point out that judgment must be exercised by the engineer as to
which method is most applicable. The methods of forecasting future population are discussed below so
that the most appropriate method can be used on the basis of the available past population data. Based
on the size of population of Woliso town we select the Geometric increase method to forecast the
population size up to the end of the design period.

4) what you did how

I participated almost in all parts of the design of Woliso town Water supply project that already in
progress with my group members. When did something in this project first I read possible related
materials and documents. After reading these materials I call my group member and discuss on that title
and after discussing they also improve my idea and collaboratly decide to enter that topic to our project.
For example I did some of the chapter two that is the Existing water supply system of the Woliso town.
When did that topic I read so many documents related to Woliso town water supply system and after
that we decide with my group member to add that topic. Similarly in chapter For I did the Non domestic
water demand part by reading many materials including guide line of ministry of Water and energy and
guidelines of Oromia national regional states and common guidelines as a whole. After relating these
guidelines we decided to choose suitable percent of all non domestic water demand for Woliso town.

5) software we used

We have been used the arcGIS software to locate and make a boundary of the Woliso town in order to
clarify our geographical scope and to show exact place on our project work. We have not used an other
software at this time. Because we don't done the part the project that must be done with the software.
The part of our project that we already done is need only reading materials including documents and
guidelines. And also it needs asking the instructor for guideline and the reasonable decesion making
when we add new part of the project. When we were doing the design of Woliso town water supply we
used some information regarding the Topography, geology, climate condition and the other information
from different materials including feasibility study that studied by Oromia national regional states, the
information regarding population size we used the Central statistical Agency (CSA), from Woliso town
administration. After that we taked the most appropriate one. So it doesn't need any Software to do
these parts of our project.

6) Which software

Hopefully we will use different Softwares when we carry out different part of Woliso town water supply
system design in the upcoming weeks. On of the most important and popular software in the designing
any water supply project is WaterCAD and EPANET. So we will also use one of them in upcoming weeks
when we do the design distribution schemes. When we do distribution system we will use WaterCAD
rather than EPANET in our case because WATERCAD has many advantages over EPANET. The main
objective of WaterCAD over EPANET is that WaterCAD have an import Export features from Microsoft
Excel. So we choose the WaterCAD over EPANET because we will import and export some data with
Microsoft Excel. The another Software that we have going to use in upcoming weeks is AutoCAD. We will
use AutoCAD in upcoming weeks to do any drawing in our Woliso Water Supply project design. Using
AutoCAD when we draw any drawings related to our project gives us the real and detailed crossection of
the designed structure. So we'll use these softwares as much as possible.

7) generalized science

We are applying many sciences that relate to Engineering especially the science that uses to carry out
the design of water supply project. From the beginning up to current project status we have been
applied many sciences including analytical and mathematical sciences. In chapter three we applied the
science to do population forecasting of Woliso town and rural area around Woliso town. When we do
population forecast we choose appropriate method that meet with Woliso town. And also in chapter
two when we determine the design period we choosed based on science of material used in water
supply system. In chapter four when we carry out domestic water demand we have been applied many
sciences. And also we applied science when we calculate non domestic water demand. And also in
chapter four when we calculate the maximum daily demand and peak hour demand we applied sciences
according to criteria of our country. Hopefully in upcoming weeks we will also try to apply many sciences
to carry out the whole system of Woliso Water Supply project.

8) The main challenges that we have been facing is that when we try to do the water demand
assessment for Woliso town one of the major challenge is that lack of enough information about living
standards of the study area and luck of recent standards to decide per capita water demand for Woliso
town. And it is also use to decide mode of connection for end users. The other challenge is that when we
calculate Maximum day demand and peak hour Demand we can't get recent standards to determine
mine maximum daily demand factor(MDDF) and peak hourly demand factor (PHDF( from ministry of
Water and energy office or Oromia national regional states for urban area. The an other challenge is that
the Lack of speedy WiFi when we search some valuable documents for our project and this leads us to
waste of time and delaying somehow in project work. The another big challenge is that the mid exam
schedule is overlap with our project work. The other challenge that we faced is that the holiday weeks
some of our group member is not available.

9) challenge overcome

To overcome the obove listed challenges we have been taken the following measures. When we
calculate the water demand we used the per capita water demand according to general criteria and we
used the design criteria of ministry of Water and energy office even if it is old documents and we try to
select suitable per capita water demand by cross-checking with different published documents and
feasibility studies of different town in Oromia national regional states that living standards of their
community is much similar to Woliso town community. And also when we calculate Maximum day
demand and peak hour demand we have tried to take suitable Factor according to feasibility study of
different town of Oromia national regional states that may have similar socioeconomic status with the
Woliso town. And also to overcome the challenges related to Network (WiFI) we try to purchase the
data packages as much as possible as we can. Whe we try to overcome some challenges always we have
try to communicate with each other.

10) Hopefully next we will do some important part of the design of Woliso town water supply project.
According to our schedule we will try to do the design of Service reservoir that have the ability to store
and distribute water for Woliso town according to the calculation of maximum daily demand of 2042
that carried out in demand assessment of our project previously. And also if we are fortunate we will
start in the next week the design of distribution line including transmission main and distribution line.

11)